Modelling Investigation Of Interaction Between Arctic Sea Ice And Storms

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Modelling Investigation of Interaction Between Arctic Sea Ice and Storms

Author : Александр Евгеньевич Семенов
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Modelling Investigation of Interaction Between Arctic Sea Ice and Storms by : Александр Евгеньевич Семенов

Download or read book Modelling Investigation of Interaction Between Arctic Sea Ice and Storms written by Александр Евгеньевич Семенов and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this study is to improve understanding of atmosphere, sea ice, and ocean interactions in the context of Arctic storm activities. The reduction of Arctic sea ice extent, increase in ocean water temperatures, and changes of atmospheric circulation have been manifested in the Arctic Ocean along with the large surface air temperature increase during recent decades. All of these changes may change the way in which atmosphere, sea ice, and ocean interact, which may in turn feedback to Arctic surface air warming. To achieve the goal, we employed an integrative approach including analysis of modeling simulation results and conducting specifically designed model sensitivity experiments. The novelty of this study is linking synoptic scale storms to large-scale changes in sea ice and atmospheric circulation. The models were used in this study range from the regional fully coupled Arctic climate model HIRHAM-NAOSIM to the ocean-sea ice component model of the Community Earth System Model CESM and the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Analysis of HIRHAM-NAOSIM simulation outputs shows regionally dependent variability of storm count with a higher number of storms over the Atlantic side than over the Pacific side. High-resolution simulations also reproduce higher number of storms than lower resolution reanalysis dataset. This is because the high-resolution model may capture more shallow and small size storms. As an integrated consequence, the composite analysis shows that more numerous intense storms produce low-pressure systems centered over the Barents-Kara-Laptev seas and the Chukchi-East Siberian seas, leading to anomalous cyclonic circulation over the Atlantic Arctic Ocean and Pacific Arctic Ocean. Correspondingly, anomalous sea ice transport occurs, enhancing sea ice outflow out of the Barents-Kara-Laptev sea ice and weakening sea ice inflow into the Chukchi-Beaufort seas from the thick ice area north of the Canadian Archipelago. This change in sea ice transport causes a decrease in sea ice concentration and thickness in these two areas. However, energy budget analysis exhibits a decrease in downward net sea ice heat fluxes, reducing sea ice melt, when more numerous intense storms occur. This decrease could be attributed to increased cloudiness and destabilized atmospheric boundary layer associated with intense storms, which can result in a decrease in downward shortwave radiation and an increase in upward turbulent heat fluxes. The sea ice-ocean component CICE-POP of Community Earth System Model (CESM) was used to conduct sensitivity experiment to examine impacts of two selected storms on sea ice. CICE-POP is generally able to simulate the observed spatial distribution of the Arctic sea-ice concentration, thickness, and motion, and interannual variability of the Arctic sea ice area for the period 1979 to 2011. However, some biases still exit, including overestimated sea-ice drift speeds, particularly in the Transpolar Drift Stream, and overestimated sea-ice concentration in the Atlantic Arctic but slightly underestimated sea ice concentration in the Pacific Arctic. Analysis of CICE-POP sensitivity experiments suggests that dynamic forcing associated with the storms plays more important driving role in causing sea ice changes than thermodynamics does in the case of storm in March 2011, while both thermodynamic and dynamic forcings have comparable impacts on sea ice decrease in the case of the August 2012. In case of March 2011 storm, increased surface winds caused the reduction of sea ice area in the Barents and Kara Seas by forcing sea ice to move eastward. Sea ice reduction was primarily driven by mechanical processes rather than ice melting. On the contrary, the case study of August 2012 storm, that occurred during the Arctic summer, exemplified the case of equal contribution of mechanical sea ice redistribution of sea ice in the Chukchi - East Siberian - Beaufort seas and melt in sea ice reduction. To understand the impacts of the changed Arctic environment on storm dynamics, we carried out WRF model simulations for a selected Arctic storm that occurred in March 2011. Model output highlight the importance of both increased surface turbulent heat fluxes due to sea ice retreat and self-enhanced warm and moist air advection from the North Atlantic into the Arctic. These external forcing factor and internal dynamic process sustain and even strengthen atmospheric baroclinicity, supporting the storm to develop and intensify. Additional sensitivity experiments further suggest that latent heat release resulting from condensation/precipitation within the storm enhances baroclinicity aloft and, in turn, causes a re-intensification of the storm from its decaying phase.

Seasonal to Decadal Predictions of Arctic Sea Ice

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309265266
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Seasonal to Decadal Predictions of Arctic Sea Ice by : National Research Council

Download or read book Seasonal to Decadal Predictions of Arctic Sea Ice written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-01-03 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent well documented reductions in the thickness and extent of Arctic sea ice cover, which can be linked to the warming climate, are affecting the global climate system and are also affecting the global economic system as marine access to the Arctic region and natural resource development increase. Satellite data show that during each of the past six summers, sea ice cover has shrunk to its smallest in three decades. The composition of the ice is also changing, now containing a higher fraction of thin first-year ice instead of thicker multi-year ice. Understanding and projecting future sea ice conditions is important to a growing number of stakeholders, including local populations, natural resource industries, fishing communities, commercial shippers, marine tourism operators, national security organizations, regulatory agencies, and the scientific research community. However, gaps in understanding the interactions between Arctic sea ice, oceans, and the atmosphere, along with an increasing rate of change in the nature and quantity of sea ice, is hampering accurate predictions. Although modeling has steadily improved, projections by every major modeling group failed to predict the record breaking drop in summer sea ice extent in September 2012. Establishing sustained communication between the user, modeling, and observation communities could help reveal gaps in understanding, help balance the needs and expectations of different stakeholders, and ensure that resources are allocated to address the most pressing sea ice data needs. Seasonal-to-Decadal Predictions of Arctic Sea Ice: Challenges and Strategies explores these topics.

Physics and Chemistry of the Arctic Atmosphere

Author : Alexander Kokhanovsky
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030335666
Total Pages : 723 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Physics and Chemistry of the Arctic Atmosphere by : Alexander Kokhanovsky

Download or read book Physics and Chemistry of the Arctic Atmosphere written by Alexander Kokhanovsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents current knowledge on chemistry and physics of Arctic atmosphere. Special attention is given to studies of the Arctic haze phenomenon, Arctic tropospheric clouds, Arctic fog, polar stratospheric and mesospheric clouds, atmospheric dynamics, thermodynamics and radiative transfer as related to the polar environment. The atmosphere-cryosphere feedbacks and atmospheric remote sensing techniques are presented in detail. The problems of climate change in the Arctic are also addressed.

Modelling Arctic Sea Ice

Author : Mischa Ungermann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Modelling Arctic Sea Ice by : Mischa Ungermann

Download or read book Modelling Arctic Sea Ice written by Mischa Ungermann and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Linkages Between Arctic Warming and Mid-Latitude Weather Patterns

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309301912
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Linkages Between Arctic Warming and Mid-Latitude Weather Patterns by : National Research Council

Download or read book Linkages Between Arctic Warming and Mid-Latitude Weather Patterns written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-05-29 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arctic has been undergoing significant changes in recent years. Average temperatures are rising twice as fast as they are elsewhere in the world. The extent and thickness of sea ice is rapidly declining. Such changes may have an impact on atmospheric conditions outside the region. Several hypotheses for how Arctic warming may be influencing mid-latitude weather patterns have been proposed recently. For example, Arctic warming could lead to a weakened jet stream resulting in more persistent weather patterns in the mid-latitudes. Or Arctic sea ice loss could lead to an increase of snow on high-latitude land, which in turn impacts the jet stream resulting in cold Eurasian and North American winters. These and other potential connections between a warming Arctic and mid-latitude weather are the subject of active research. Linkages Between Arctic Warming and Mid-Latitude Weather Patterns is the summary of a workshop convened in September 2013 by the National Research Council to review our current understanding and to discuss research needed to better understand proposed linkages. A diverse array of experts examined linkages between a warming Arctic and mid-latitude weather patterns. The workshop included presentations from leading researchers representing a range of views on this topic. The workshop was organized to allow participants to take a global perspective and consider the influence of the Arctic in the context of forcing from other components of the climate system, such as changes in the tropics, ocean circulation, and mid-latitude sea surface temperature. This report discusses our current understanding of the mechanisms that link declines in Arctic sea ice cover, loss of high-latitude snow cover, changes in Arctic-region energy fluxes, atmospheric circulation patterns, and the occurrence of extreme weather events; possible implications of more severe loss of summer Arctic sea ice upon weather patterns at lower latitudes; major gaps in our understanding, and observational and/or modeling efforts that are needed to fill those gaps; and current opportunities and limitations for using Arctic sea ice predictions to assess the risk of temperature/precipitation anomalies and extreme weather events over northern continents.

Sea-ice Prediction Across Timescales and the Role of Model Complexity

Author : Lorenzo Zampieri
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis Sea-ice Prediction Across Timescales and the Role of Model Complexity by : Lorenzo Zampieri

Download or read book Sea-ice Prediction Across Timescales and the Role of Model Complexity written by Lorenzo Zampieri and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to observations and lab experiments, the scientific investigation of the Arctic and Antarctic sea ice is conducted through the employment of geophysical models. These models describe in a numerical framework the physical behavior of sea ice and its interactions with the atmosphere, ocean, and polar biogeochemical systems. Sea-ice models find application in the quantification of the past, present, and future sea-ice evolution, which becomes particularly relevant in the context of a warming climate system that causes the reduction of the Arctic sea ice cover. Because of the sea-ice decline, the navigation in the Arctic ocean increased substantially in the recent past, a trend that is expected to continue in the next decades and that requires the formulation of reliable sea-ice predictions at various timescales. Sea-ice predictions can be delivered by modern forecast systems that feature dynamical sea-ice models. The simulation of sea ice is at the center of this thesis: A coupled climate model with a simple sea-ice component is used to quantify potential impacts of a geoengineering approach termed "Arctic Ice Management"; the skill of current operational subseasonal-to-seasonal sea-ice forecasts, based on global models with a varying degree of sea-ice model complexity, is evaluated; and, lastly, an unstructured-grid ocean model is equipped with state-of-the-art sea-ice thermodynamics to study the impact of sea-ice model complexity on model performance. In chapter 2, I examine the potential of a geoengineering strategy to restore the Arctic sea ice and to mitigate the warming of the Arctic and global climate throughout the 21st century. The results, obtained with a fully coupled climate model, indicate that it is theoretically possible to delay the melting of the Arctic sea ice by ~60 years, but that this does not reduce global warming. In chapters 3 and 4, I assess the skill of global operational ensemble prediction systems in forecasting the evolution of the Arctic and Antarctic sea-ice edge position at subseasonal timescales. I find that some systems produce skillful forecasts more than 1.5 months ahead, but I also find evidence of substantial model biases and issues concerning data assimilation and model formulation. Chapter 5 deals with the impact of sea-ice model complexity on model performance. I present a new formulation of the FESOM2 sea-ice/ocean model with a revised description of the sea-ice thermodynamics, including various parameterizations of physical processes at the subgrid-scale. The model formulation grants substantial modularity in terms of sea-ice physics and resolution. The new system is used for assessing the impact of the sea-ice model complexity on the FESOM2 performance in different atmosphere-forced setups with a specific parameter-tuning approach and a special focus on sea-ice related variables. The results evidence that a more sophisticated model formulation is beneficial for the model representation of the sea-ice concentration and snow thickness, while less relevant for sea-ice thickness and drift. I also highlight a dependence of the model performance on the atmospheric forcing product used as boundary conditions. In the final part of this thesis, I formulate recommendations for future developments in the field of sea-ice modeling, with particular emphasis on FESOM2 and, more generally, on the modeling infrastructure under development at the Alfred Wegener Institute.

Sea Ice Analysis and Forecasting

Author : Tom Carrieres
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108279546
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Sea Ice Analysis and Forecasting by : Tom Carrieres

Download or read book Sea Ice Analysis and Forecasting written by Tom Carrieres and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an advanced introduction to the science behind automated prediction systems, focusing on sea ice analysis and forecasting. Starting from basic principles, fundamental concepts in sea ice physics, remote sensing, numerical methods, and statistics are explained at an accessible level. Existing operational automated prediction systems are described and their impacts on information providers and end clients are discussed. The book also provides insight into the likely future development of sea ice services and how they will evolve from mainly manual processes to increasing automation, with a consequent increase in the diversity and information content of new ice products. With contributions from world-leading experts in the fields of sea ice remote sensing, data assimilation, numerical modelling, and verification and operational prediction, this comprehensive reference is ideal for students, sea ice analysts, and researchers, as well as decision-makers and professionals working in the ice service industry.

Modeling Studies of Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Sea Ice, Currents, and Transports in the Arctic Ocean

Author : Yu Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Studies of Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Sea Ice, Currents, and Transports in the Arctic Ocean by : Yu Zhang

Download or read book Modeling Studies of Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Sea Ice, Currents, and Transports in the Arctic Ocean written by Yu Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation research, a high-resolution (up to 2 km), unstructured-grid, fully coupled Arctic sea ice-ocean Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model (AO-FVCOM) was employed to study the seasonal and interannual variability of current and sea ice in the Arctic Ocean over the period 1978-2014. The dissertation consisted of two topics. Topic 1 assessed the performance of Arctic sea ice simulation and examined the sensitivity of the model-produced bias to atmospheric forcing without any assimilation of sea ice. The simulated sea ice was in good agreement with available observed sea ice extent, concentration, drift velocity and thickness, not only in seasonal and interannual variability but also in spatial distribution. Compared with six other Arctic Ocean models, the AO-FVCOM-simulated ice thickness showed a higher correlation coefficient and a smaller residual with observations. Model-produced ice drift speed and direction errors varied with wind speed: the speed and direction errors increased and decreased as the wind speed increased, respectively. Efforts were made to examine the influences of parameterizations of air-ice external and ice-water interfacial stresses on the model-produced bias. The ice drift direction was more sensitive to air-ice drag coefficients and turning angles than the ice drift speed. Increasing or decreasing either 10% in water-ice drag coefficient or 10° in water-ice turning angle did not show a significant influence on the ice drift velocity simulation results; although the sea ice drift speed was more sensitive to these two parameters than the sea ice drift direction. Using the COARE 4.0 derived parameterization of air-water drag coefficient for wind stress did not significantly influence the ice drift velocity simulation. Topic 2 was focused on the variability of current circulation and volume transport through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) and their relationship to basin-local atmospheric forcing. The simulated CAA outflow transport was in reasonable agreement with the flux estimated based on measurements across Davis Strait, Nares Strait, Lancaster Sound and Jones Sounds and highly correlated with the along-strait and cross-strait sea surface height (SSH) difference. Compared with the wind forcing, the sea level pressure (SLP) seemed to play a dominant role in establishing the SSH difference in the experiments. Further studies about the impact of wind and SLP on the SSH difference are needed. The change in the simulated CAA outflow transport through Davis Strait showed a negative correlation with the net flux through Fram Strait. This correlation was related to the variation of the spatial distribution and intensity of the slope current over the Beaufort Sea and Greenland shelves.

Thermal Microwave Radiation

Author : Institution of Engineering and Technology
Publisher : IET
ISBN 13 : 0863415733
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (634 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Microwave Radiation by : Institution of Engineering and Technology

Download or read book Thermal Microwave Radiation written by Institution of Engineering and Technology and published by IET. This book was released on 2006-05-19 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combines theoretical concepts with experimental results on thermal microwave radiation to increase the understanding of the complex nature of terrestrial media. Emphasising on radiative transfer models, this book covers the terrestrial aspects, from clear to cloudy atmosphere, precipitation, ocean and land surfaces, vegetation, snow and ice.

Our Warming Planet: Topics In Climate Dynamics

Author : Cynthia Rosenzweig
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9813148802
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Our Warming Planet: Topics In Climate Dynamics by : Cynthia Rosenzweig

Download or read book Our Warming Planet: Topics In Climate Dynamics written by Cynthia Rosenzweig and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The processes and consequences of climate change are extremely heterogeneous, encompassing many different fields of study. Dr David Rind in his career at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies and as a professor at Columbia University has had the opportunity to explore many of these subjects with colleagues from these diverse disciplines. It was therefore natural for the Lectures in Climate Change series to begin with his colleagues contributing lectures on their specific areas of expertise.This first volume, entitled Our Warming Planet: Topics in Climate Dynamics, encompasses topics such as natural and anthropogenic climate forcing, climate modeling, radiation, clouds, atmospheric dynamics/storms, hydrology, clouds, the cryosphere, paleoclimate, sea level rise, agriculture, atmospheric chemistry, and climate change education. Included with this publication are downloadable PowerPoint slides of each lecture for students and teachers around the world to be better able to understand various aspects of climate change.The lectures on climate change processes and consequences provide snapshots of the cutting-edge work being done to understand what may well be the greatest challenge of our time, in a form suitable for classroom presentation.

Sea Ice

Author : David N. Thomas
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118778383
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (187 download)

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Book Synopsis Sea Ice by : David N. Thomas

Download or read book Sea Ice written by David N. Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-06 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 20 years the study of the frozen Arctic and Southern Oceans and sub-arctic seas has progressed at a remarkable pace. This third edition of Sea Ice gives insight into the very latest understanding of the how sea ice is formed, how we measure (and model) its extent, the biology that lives within and associated with sea ice and the effect of climate change on its distribution. How sea ice influences the oceanography of underlying waters and the influences that sea ice has on humans living in Arctic regions are also discussed. Featuring twelve new chapters, this edition follows two previous editions (2001 and 2010), and the need for this latest update exhibits just how rapidly the science of sea ice is developing. The 27 chapters are written by a team of more than 50 of the worlds’ leading experts in their fields. These combine to make the book the most comprehensive introduction to the physics, chemistry, biology and geology of sea ice that there is. This third edition of Sea Ice will be a key resource for all policy makers, researchers and students who work with the frozen oceans and seas.

IUTAM Symposium on Scaling Laws in Ice Mechanics and Ice Dynamics

Author : J.P. Dempsey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402001710
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis IUTAM Symposium on Scaling Laws in Ice Mechanics and Ice Dynamics by : J.P. Dempsey

Download or read book IUTAM Symposium on Scaling Laws in Ice Mechanics and Ice Dynamics written by J.P. Dempsey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-12-31 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Volume constitutes the Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium on 'Scaling Laws in Ice Mechanics and Ice Dynamics', held in Fairbanks, Alaska from 13th to 16th of June 2000. Ice mechanics deals with essentially intact ice: in this discipline, descriptions of the motion and deformation of Arctic/ Antarctic and river/lake ice call for the development of physically based constitutive and fracture models over an enormous range in scale: 0.01 m - 10 km. Ice dynamics, on the other hand, deals with the movement of broken ice: descriptions of an aggregate of ice floes call for accurate modeling of momentum transfer through the sea/ice system, again over an enormous range in scale: 1 km (floe scale) - 500 km (basin scale). For ice mechanics, the emphasis on lab-scale (0.01 - 0.5 m) research con trasts with applications at the scale of order 1 km (ice-structure interaction, icebreaking); many important upscaling questions remain to be explored.

The Drift of Sea Ice

Author : Matti Leppäranta
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642046835
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis The Drift of Sea Ice by : Matti Leppäranta

Download or read book The Drift of Sea Ice written by Matti Leppäranta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-22 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of The Drift of Sea Ice presents the fundamental laws of sea ice drift which come from the material properties of sea ice and the basic laws of mechanics. The resulting system of equations is analysed for the general properties of sea ice drift, the free drift model and analytical models for ice drift in the presence of internal friction, and the construction of numerical ice drift models is detailed. This second edition of a much lauded work, unique on this topic in the English language, has been revised, updated and expanded with much new information and outlines recent results, in particular in relation to the climate problem, mathematical modelling and ice engineering applications. The current book presents the theory, observations, mathematical modelling techniques, and applications of sea ice drift science. The theory is presented from the beginning on a graduate student level, so that students and researchers coming from other fields such as physical oceanography, meteorology, physics, engineering, environmental sciences or geography can use the book as a source book or self-study material. First the drift ice material is presented ending with the concept of ‘ice state’ – the relevant properties in sea ice dynamics. Ice kinematics observations are widely presented with the mathematical analysis methods, and thereafter come drift ice rheology – to close the triangle material – kinematics – stress. The momentum equation of sea ice is derived in detail and its general properties are carefully analysed. Then follow two chapters on analytical models: free drift and drift in the presence of internal friction: These are very important tools in understanding the dynamical behaviour of sea ice. The last topical chapter is numerical models, which are the modern tool to solve ice dynamics problem in short term and long term problems. The closing chapter summarises sea ice dynamics applications and the need of sea ice dynamic knowledge and gives some final remarks on the future of this branch of science.

Ice Dynamics

Author : William D. Hibler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Ice Dynamics by : William D. Hibler

Download or read book Ice Dynamics written by William D. Hibler and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph reviews essential aspects of sea ice dynamics on the geophysical scale and discusses the role of ice dynamics in air-sea-ice interaction. The review is divided into the following components: (a) a discussion of the momentum balance describing ice drift, (b) an examination of the nature of sea ice rheology on the geophysical scale, (c) an analysis of the relationship between ice strength and ice thickness characteristics, and (d) a discussion of the rle of ice dynamices in the atmosphere-ice-ocean system. Because of the unique, highly nonlinear nature of sea-ice interaction, special attention is given to the ramifications of ice interaction on sea ice motion and deformation. These ramifications are illustrated both by analytic solution and by numerical model results. In addition, the role of ice dynamics in the atmosphere-ice-ocean system is discussed in light of numerical modeling experiments, including a fully coupled ice-ocean model of the Arctic-Greenland-Norwegian seas.

The Relationship Between Arctic Sea Ice and Cloud-related Variables in ERA Interim Reanalysis and Climate Model Data

Author : Joshua Cuzzone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (693 download)

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Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Arctic Sea Ice and Cloud-related Variables in ERA Interim Reanalysis and Climate Model Data by : Joshua Cuzzone

Download or read book The Relationship Between Arctic Sea Ice and Cloud-related Variables in ERA Interim Reanalysis and Climate Model Data written by Joshua Cuzzone and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Drift, Deformation, and Fracture of Sea Ice

Author : Jerome Weiss
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940076202X
Total Pages : 95 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Drift, Deformation, and Fracture of Sea Ice by : Jerome Weiss

Download or read book Drift, Deformation, and Fracture of Sea Ice written by Jerome Weiss and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sea ice is a major component of polar environments, especially in the Arctic where it covers the entire Arctic Ocean throughout most of the year. However, in the context of climate change, the Arctic sea ice cover has been declining significantly over the last decades, either in terms of its concentration or thickness. The sea ice cover evolution and climate change are strongly coupled through the albedo positive feedback, thus possibly explaining the Arctic amplification of climate warming. In addition to thermodynamics, sea ice kinematics (drift, deformation) appears as an essential factor in the evolution of the ice cover through a reduction of the average ice age (and consequently of the cover's thickness), or ice export out of the Arctic. This is a first motivation for a better understanding of the kinematical and mechanical processes of sea ice. A more upstream, theoretical motivation is a better understanding of the brittle deformation of geophysical objects across a wide range of scales. Indeed, owing to its very strong kinematics, compared e.g. to the Earth’s crust, an unrivaled kinematical data set is available for sea ice from in situ (e.g. drifting buoys) or satellite observations. Here, we review the recent advances in the understanding of sea ice drift, deformation and fracturing obtained from these data. We focus particularly on the scaling properties in time and scale that characterize these processes, and we emphasize the analogies that can be drawn from the deformation of the Earth’s crust. These scaling properties, which are the signature of long-range elastic interactions within the cover, constrain future developments in the modeling of sea ice mechanics. We also show that kinematical and rheological variables such as average velocity, average strain-rate or strength have significantly changed over the last decades, accompanying and actually accelerating the Arctic sea ice decline.

Studies of Air-Sea-Ice Interaction

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Studies of Air-Sea-Ice Interaction by :

Download or read book Studies of Air-Sea-Ice Interaction written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long term objective of this research was to understand the role of surface heat and salt fluxes in the formation of Arctic Ocean water masses. These processes are of paramount importance in high latitude regions, where the presence of sea ice and the interplay between heat and salinity fluxes create a complex thermohaline environment. Our research combined the analysis of both observed data and model output. We analyzed conductivity temperature depth data taken by both surface and submarine ships in order to assess the generation and circulation of halocline waters in the Arctic Ocean. We also developed a numerical model of a summer lead in order to better parameterize melting processes in larger scale simulations.