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Modeling Study Of Groundwater And Surface Water Interaction Using High Resolution Integrated Model
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Book Synopsis Modeling Study of Groundwater and Surface Water Interaction Using High Resolution Integrated Model by : Yunjie Liu
Download or read book Modeling Study of Groundwater and Surface Water Interaction Using High Resolution Integrated Model written by Yunjie Liu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The groundwater and surface water comprise a single source of water resources. Efficient and sustainable water resource management requires using groundwater and surface water conjunctively. Worldwide, many water shortage problems come from the fact that neither the timing nor the location of precipitation coincide with water demands. Climate change makes this problem even worse. For California particularly, the warming trend is shifting more precipitation to fall as rain rather than snow during winter season, thereby reducing snow pack in Sierra Nevada Mountains. In addition, snowmelt is occurring earlier in spring due to warmer temperatures, therefore reducing the availability of snowmelt water that contributes to stream flow and surface reservoirs during dry summer season. Climate projections also suggest that winter floods will become more frequent, as will hotter and drier summers. The imbalance in time of water distribution within a year (wet, dry season), and between years (wet, dry year), as well as extreme climate events (for example, 1997 California flood, 2012-2014 California mega drought), create great challenges for water resource management. It is especially true when climate change effect is expected to continue. This study evaluates winter floodplain inundation as a strategy of capturing and storing excess winter flood water beneath Central Valley floor to restore groundwater for local subsurface reservoir development. The parallel, variably saturated flow modeling code, ParFlow, is chosen to model the spatial and temporal patterns of surface water and groundwater interaction in heterogeneous subsurface under floodplain inundation at lower Cosumnes River floodplain. Particularly, the mechanics of groundwater and surface interaction in heterogeneous subsurface is investigated. Capturing and storing excess winter flood water for the development of local subsurface groundwater reservoir and its impact on water resource management is discussed. Results of this study show that groundwater and surface water interaction under floodplain inundation is controlled by the heterogeneity of subsurface, primarily the connectivity of heterogeneity, as well as flood water inundating dynamics. A local subsurface reservoir can be augmented through floodplain inundation practice. However, its role of mitigating climate change impact on water resource management on a long time frame needs further investigation.
Book Synopsis Groundwater-surface Water Interaction by : Corinna Abesser
Download or read book Groundwater-surface Water Interaction written by Corinna Abesser and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selected papers from a symposium on A new Focus on Integrated Analysis of Groundwater-Surface Water Systems, held during the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics XXIV General Assembly in Perugia, Italy, 11-13 July 2007.
Book Synopsis Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions by : Habil. Jörg Lewandowski
Download or read book Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions written by Habil. Jörg Lewandowski and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-10 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen a paradigm shift in our understanding of groundwater–surface water interactions: surface water and aquifers were long considered discrete, separate entities; they are now understood as integral components of a surface–subsurface continuum. This book provides an overview of current research advances and innovative approaches in groundwater–surface water interactions. The 20 research articles and 1 communication cover a wide range of thematic scopes, scales, and experimental and modelling methods across different disciplines (hydrology, aquatic ecology, biogeochemistry, and environmental pollution). The book identifies current knowledge gaps and reveals the challenges in establishing standardized measurement, observation, and assessment approaches. It includes current hot topcis with environmental and societal relevance such as eutrophication, retention of legacy, and emerging pollutants (e.g., pharmaceuticals and microplastics), urban water interfaces, and climate change impacts. The book demonstrates the relevance of processes at groundwater–surface water interfaces for (1) regional water balances and (2) quality and quantity of drinking water resources. As such, this book represents the long-awaited transfer of the above-mentioned paradigm shift in understanding of groundwater–surface water interactions from science to practice.
Book Synopsis High-resolution Integral Modelling Approach for Flow and Transport in Groundwater-surface Water Interaction Space by : Tabea Broecker
Download or read book High-resolution Integral Modelling Approach for Flow and Transport in Groundwater-surface Water Interaction Space written by Tabea Broecker and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Integrated Groundwater Management by : Anthony J Jakeman
Download or read book Integrated Groundwater Management written by Anthony J Jakeman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to document for the first time the dimensions and requirements of effective integrated groundwater management (IGM). Groundwater management is a formidable challenge, one that remains one of humanity’s foremost priorities. It has become a largely non-renewable resource that is overexploited in many parts of the world. In the 21st century, the issue moves from how to simply obtain the water we need to how we manage it sustainably for future generations, future economies, and future ecosystems. The focus then becomes one of understanding the drivers and current state of the groundwater resource, and restoring equilibrium to at-risk aquifers. Many interrelated dimensions, however, come to bear when trying to manage groundwater effectively. An integrated approach to groundwater necessarily involves many factors beyond the aquifer itself, such as surface water, water use, water quality, and ecohydrology. Moreover, the science by itself can only define the fundamental bounds of what is possible; effective IGM must also engage the wider community of stakeholders to develop and support policy and other socioeconomic tools needed to realize effective IGM. In order to demonstrate IGM, this book covers theory and principles, embracing: 1) an overview of the dimensions and requirements of groundwater management from an international perspective; 2) the scale of groundwater issues internationally and its links with other sectors, principally energy and climate change; 3) groundwater governance with regard to principles, instruments and institutions available for IGM; 4) biophysical constraints and the capacity and role of hydroecological and hydrogeological science including water quality concerns; and 5) necessary tools including models, data infrastructures, decision support systems and the management of uncertainty. Examples of effective, and failed, IGM are given. Throughout, the importance of the socioeconomic context that connects all effective IGM is emphasized. Taken as a whole, this work relates the many facets of effective IGM, from the catchment to global perspective.
Book Synopsis High-resolution Integral Modelling Approach for Flow and Transport in Groundwater-surface Water Interaction Space by : Katrin Tabea Christina Broecker
Download or read book High-resolution Integral Modelling Approach for Flow and Transport in Groundwater-surface Water Interaction Space written by Katrin Tabea Christina Broecker and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Integrated Modeling and Management of Groundwater and Surface Water, Zhangye Basin, Northwest China by : Li Huang
Download or read book Integrated Modeling and Management of Groundwater and Surface Water, Zhangye Basin, Northwest China written by Li Huang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three self-contained, yet closely related, papers summarizing the results of a comprehensive study aimed at the development of a decision support system for sustainable water resources management for the Zhangye Basin in northwestern China. The first paper presents a 3D groundwater flow model to represent groundwater dynamics of the basin from 1999 through 2010 using MODFLOW-2005. The regional 3D groundwater model provides reliable information of the flow field and produces detailed water budgets for management purposes. It defines the intensive groundwater-surface water interaction zones, and reveals the increasing flux exchange due to both climate change and human activities. The second paper presents an integrated 3D groundwater-surface water flow model using GSFLOW. The model calibration was done by first running PRMS and MODFLOW-2005 models separately, and then followed by the calibration of the integrated GSFLOW model. The model shows a detailed trend of water storage changes and their relationship with each inflow and outflow item. More importantly, this study demonstrates the applicability of integrated basin-scale models in characterizing the groundwater-surface water(GWSW) interaction, reproducing the flow system, and supporting sustainable water resources management while accounting for the effects of climate change in arid inland river basins. The third paper presents an efficient decision support tool, taking into consideration the relevant complexities and interactions in different water resource components, to inform decision making for water resources management for the Zhangye basin. On the basis of data collection and data mining, incorporated with integrated hydrological conceptual models and numerical models, a Bayesian network (BN) has been developed and calibrated by K-fold cross validation. The trained BN model captures the important hydrological cycle characteristics and uncertainty of related factors to provide the optimal management solutions under consideration. While this study is based on the Zhangye basin, the concepts and approaches developed in this study are of general applicability. The integrated GWSW modeling, coupled with a BN construct, provides an innovative tool to inform decision making in water resources management.
Book Synopsis Modeling and Simulation of Environmental Systems by : Satya Prakash Maurya
Download or read book Modeling and Simulation of Environmental Systems written by Satya Prakash Maurya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-08-24 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of modeling and simulation of environmental systems via diverse research problems and pertinent case studies. It is divided into four parts covering sustainable water resources modeling, air pollution modeling, Internet of Things (IoT) based applications in environmental systems, and future algorithms and conceptual frameworks in environmental systems. Each of the chapters demonstrate how the models, indicators, and ecological processes could be applied directly in the environmental sub-disciplines. It includes range of concepts and case studies focusing on a holistic management approach at the global level for environmental practitioners. Features: Covers computational approaches as applied to problems of air and water pollution domain. Delivers generic methods of modeling with spatio-temporal analyses using soft computation and programming paradigms. Includes theoretical aspects of environmental processes with their complexity and programmable mathematical approaches. Adopts a realistic approach involving formulas, algorithms, and techniques to establish mathematical models/computations. Provides a pathway for real-time implementation of complex modeling problem formulations including case studies. This book is aimed at researchers, professionals and graduate students in Environmental Engineering, Computational Engineering/Computer Science, Modeling/Simulation, Environmental Management, Environmental Modeling and Operations Research.
Book Synopsis Hyper-Resolution Global Land Surface Model at Regional-to-Local Scales with Observed Groundwater Data Assimilation by : Raj Shekhar Singh
Download or read book Hyper-Resolution Global Land Surface Model at Regional-to-Local Scales with Observed Groundwater Data Assimilation written by Raj Shekhar Singh and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling groundwater is challenging: it is not readily visible and is difficult to measure, with limited sets of observations available. Even though groundwater models can reproduce water table and head variations, considerable drift in modeled land surface states can nonetheless result from partially known geologic structure, errors in the input forcing fields, and imperfect Land Surface Model (LSM) parameterizations. These models frequently have biased results that are very different from observations. While many hydrologic groups are grappling with developing better models to resolve these issues, it is also possible to make models more robust through data assimilation of observation groundwater data. The goal of this project is to develop a methodology for high-resolution land surface model runs over large spatial region and improve hydrologic modeling through observation data assimilation, and then to apply this methodology to improve groundwater monitoring and banking. The high-resolution LSM modeling in this dissertation shows that model physics performs well at these resolutions and actually leads to better modeling of water/energy budget terms. The overarching goal of assimilation methodology is to resolve the critical issue of how to improve groundwater modeling in LSMs that lack sub-surface parameterizations and also run them on global scales. To achieve this, the research in this dissertation has been divided into three parts. The first goal was to run a commonly used land surface model at hyper resolution (1 km or finer) and show that this improves the modeling results without breaking the model. The second goal was to develop an observation data assimilation methodology to improve the high-resolution model. The third was to show real-world applications of this methodology. The need for improved accuracy is currently driving the development of hyper-resolution land surface models that can be implemented at a continental scale with resolutions of 1 km or finer. In Chapter 2, I describe our research incorporating fine-scale grid resolutions and surface data into the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Land Model (CLM v4.0) for simulations at 1 km, 25 km, and 100 km resolution using 1 km soil and topographic information. Multi-year model runs were performed over the southwestern United States, including the entire state of California and the Colorado River basin. Results show changes in the total amount of CLM-modeled water storage and in the spatial and temporal distributions of water in snow and soil reservoirs, as well as in surface fluxes and energy balance. We also demonstrate the critical scales at which important hydrological processes--such as snow water equivalent, soil moisture content, and runoff--begin to more accurately capture the magnitude of the land water balance for the entire domain. This proves that grid resolution itself is also a critical component of accurate model simulations, and of hydrologic budget closure. To inform future model progress, we compare simulation outputs to station and gridded observations of model fields. Although the higher grid resolution model is not driven by high-resolution forcing, grid resolution changes alone yield significant reductions in the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between model outputs and actual observations: the RMSE decreases by more than 35% for soil moisture, 36% for terrestrial water storage anomaly, 34% for sensible heat, and 12% for snow water equivalent. The results of a 100 m resolution simulation over a spatial sub-domain indicate that parameters such as drainage, runoff, and infiltration are significantly impacted when hillslope scales of ~100 meters or finer are considered. We further show how limitations in the current model physics, including no lateral flow between grid cells, can affect model simulation accuracy. The results presented in Chapter 2 are encouraging, but also highlight the limitations in improving an LSM by only increasing spatial resolution of the model and the surface datasets. As was shown with the water table depth analysis, increasing model resolution cannot compensate for parameterization errors and lack of sub-surface information in CLM. However, this problem can be solved by providing additional information to the model in the form of water table depth via data assimilation. In Chapter 3, I discuss the development and verification of a methodology for assimilating observed groundwater depth measurements from multiple wells into the high spatial resolution LSM. A kriging-based interpolation technique is employed to overcome the problem of spatially and temporally sparse observations, and the interpolated data is assimilated into the CLM4.0 at 1 km resolution in a test region in northern California. Direct insertion and Ensemble Adjusted Kalman Filter (EAKF) based techniques are used for assimilation with direct insertion, producing better results and demonstrating major improvement in the simulation of water table depth. The Linear Pearson correlation coefficient between the observed well data and the assimilated model is 0.810, as opposed to only 0.107 for the non-assimilated model. This improvement is most significant where the water table depth is greater than 5 m. Assimilation also improves soil moisture content, especially in the dry season when the water table is at its lowest. Other variables, including sensible heat flux, ground evaporation, infiltration, and runoff are also analyzed in order to quantify the effect of this assimilation methodology. Though the changes in these variables seem small, they can be very important in coupled models, and the improved simulation of groundwater in the assimilated model can explain the changes in these results. This assimilation technique has been designed for use in regions with sparse and varied observation data, and it can be easily adapted to work in LSMs with a functional groundwater component. This gives us the capability to better model groundwater for the recent past and present, and also the potential to apply climate projections to probabilistically predict groundwater for future climate-change scenarios. We have collaborated with Wellintel Inc. to implement our methodology on the ground using their observation data. We are in the process of setting up our model over a large region along the central California coast, where for the past few months Wellintel has implemented a pilot with measurements based on its water table depth measuring devices. The aim of this collaboration is to provide users with actionable water table depth data in and around their properties for the past, present, and near future. We are combining this methodology with Wellintel data to create a groundwater-management and groundwater-banking monitoring tool. This is the first time that groundwater assimilation has been simulated in a high-resolution LSM, and as such this project provides proof-of-concept and application of a unique methodology that can be run at hyper resolution with data assimilation. The assimilation method is a very powerful tool that researchers can now apply to model land surface parameters much better than previously.
Book Synopsis Upscaling of Coupled Models with Topography-Driven Surface-Water/Groundwater Interactions by : Andrew P. Snowdon
Download or read book Upscaling of Coupled Models with Topography-Driven Surface-Water/Groundwater Interactions written by Andrew P. Snowdon and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1950s, groundwater and surface water models have evolved to better represent complex hydrological and hydrogeological systems. Part of this evolution has been the coupling of surface and subsurface models to properly simulate the transfer of mass between the two systems. While generally robust for simulating phenomena at smaller scales, existing coupled and fully-integrated models are problematic for larger-scale operational use. Fine-scale models are often computationally prohibitive due to the vast amounts of computational data required and because surface and subsurface models are often not discretized the same spatially. Conversely, faster coarse-scale models incorrectly simulate groundwater-surface water exchange fluxes because they neglect the details of subgrid water exchange. The primary goal of this thesis is to develop and test a regional-scale coupled model that may be used in an operational context. The model has two unique features: (1) it uses a novel upscaling formulation for handling groundwater/surface water exchange fluxes and (2) it can operate using unstructured grids (e.g., surface water basin boundaries) as the basic level of discretization for surface water and groundwater systems. The proposed upscaling approach is developed using fine-resolution topography-driven groundwater flow models to generate relationships between vertical water fluxes and average groundwater head. The relationships are used, in coarse-scale models, to represent groundwater-surface water exchange fluxes. These are then implemented in a new groundwater model that is coupled with the surface water model Raven. Comparisons with Modflow and HydroGeosphere are conducted to determine the effectiveness of this new approach.
Book Synopsis Modeling Surface Water and Groundwater Interactions in Agricultural Areas by : Gengxin Ou
Download or read book Modeling Surface Water and Groundwater Interactions in Agricultural Areas written by Gengxin Ou and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation research, three modeling tools have been developed to help quantify the complex processes of integrated surface- and ground-water systems in an area under significant agricultural development of Nebraska. To evaluate irrigation effect on stream depletion for the Lower Platte River (LPR) basin, a regional three-dimensional, transient groundwater-flow model is established with MODFLOW. A simplified and more efficient solution has been developed to estimate the stream depletion rate by re-using the flow coefficients of the baseline run. The flow equation is linearized because the head coefficients become constant between solver iterations. The tool has been successfully applied to the LPR model. The results show that the stream depletion analysis tool can reduce the numerical errors produced in the conventional method and improve the computational efficiency. The second modeling tool is a cross-section based streamflow routing (CSR) package for MODFLOW to simulate the streamflow and the interaction between streams and aquifers for the stream with a width larger than the MODFLOW grid size. In the CSR package, streams are divided into stream segments which are formed by two consecutive cross-sections. A rapid algorithm is used to compute the submerged area of the MODFLOW grid. Stream-aquifer seepage is treated as lateral flow in the streamflow routing computation with the Muskingum-Cunge method or mass conservation method. A hypothetical problem was established to test the capabilities of the CSR package with steady- and transient-state models. The third part of this dissertation aims to quantify the impacts of natural processes and human activities on ground-water dynamics in highly agricultural areas by developing an integrated surface-ground water model (ISGWM). In ISGWM, SWAT and MODFLOW are linked by a soil water module (SWM), which is developed based on a non-iterative solution of the 1D Richards equation. SWM explicitly represents infiltration, soil evaporation, unsaturated water flow, root water update, and lateral drainage. Taking advantage of the simulation capacities of these SWAT, MODFLOW and SWM, ISGWM can simulate the physical hydrologic processes in three domains and their interactions. The model has been successfully applied to the Johnson Creek watershed, which is located within the Lower Platte Basin.
Book Synopsis Assessment of Groundwater-surface-water Interactions in an Irrigated Agricultural Basin with Groundwater Dependent Ecosystem Using an Integrated Hydrologic Model by : Douglas Germond Tolley III
Download or read book Assessment of Groundwater-surface-water Interactions in an Irrigated Agricultural Basin with Groundwater Dependent Ecosystem Using an Integrated Hydrologic Model written by Douglas Germond Tolley III and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater and surface water resources are increasingly being stressed due to changes in population, land-use, management practices, and climate. Better understanding of system behavior and the complex feedbacks inherent between groundwater, the landscape, and surface water is necessary to predict and mitigate detrimental environmental impacts that may arise from these additional stresses. Integrated hydrologic models are capable of simulating these complex feedbacks, however their complexity and computational expense has resulted in little exploration of these models beyond a necessary calibration. This research presents the development, evaluation, calibration, and application of an integrated hydrologic model developed for the Scott Valley that simulates the connections between land use, groundwater, and surface water in an irrigated agricultural basin. The first chapter focuses on model development, sensitivity analysis and calibration. Results indicate that a weakly coupled, computationally efficient model can be successfully employed in lieu of an iteratively or fully coupled integrated model to simulate highly dynamic groundwater-surface-water interactions in an agricultural watershed, and. Furthermore, a calibration design with multiple sensitivity analyses and calibrations of integrated hydrologic models, each using one of several widely varying sets of initial values, provides a frugal approach to identify parameters across the global parameter space. The second chapter uses the model to explore three different methods of varying computational expense for evaluating prediction uncertainty of three conjunctive use management scenarios designed to increase late-summer streamflow. Uncertainty prediction ranges from the three methods shows that the high degree of nonlinearity in integrated hydrologic models makes them unsuited for computationally frugal linear uncertainty analysis methods. Spatial and temporal depletion/accretion effects from pumping/recharge in the valley are evaluated in the third chapter. Allowing stream sections to go dry during the simulation produces depletion/accretion rates once the stream reconnects that can temporarily exceed the pumping/recharge rate imposed. Modification of the current conceptual model of streamflow depletion is proposed based on these results.
Book Synopsis Integrating Multiscale Observations of U.S. Waters by : National Research Council
Download or read book Integrating Multiscale Observations of U.S. Waters written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-05-16 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water is essential to life for humans and their food crops, and for ecosystems. Effective water management requires tracking the inflow, outflow, quantity and quality of ground-water and surface water, much like balancing a bank account. Currently, networks of ground-based instruments measure these in individual locations, while airborne and satellite sensors measure them over larger areas. Recent technological innovations offer unprecedented possibilities to integrate space, air, and land observations to advance water science and guide management decisions. This book concludes that in order to realize the potential of integrated data, agencies, universities, and the private sector must work together to develop new kinds of sensors, test them in field studies, and help users to apply this information to real problems.
Book Synopsis Physical and Chemical Hydrogeology by : Patrick A. Domenico
Download or read book Physical and Chemical Hydrogeology written by Patrick A. Domenico and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1997-10-15 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely updated, the second edition of this comprehensive volume not only covers all major areas of hydrogeology, it takes a process-oriented, integrated approach so that readers can gain a complete understanding of the relationship between physical and chemical aspects of this subject. Provides a good balance between theory and application and includes new areas such as contaminant hydrogeology. Includes extensive reference list and suggested readings.
Book Synopsis Integrated Environmental Modelling Framework for Cumulative Effects Assessment by : Anil Gupta
Download or read book Integrated Environmental Modelling Framework for Cumulative Effects Assessment written by Anil Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling Steady State Groundwater and Surface Water Interactions by : Sherry Mitchell-Bruker
Download or read book Modeling Steady State Groundwater and Surface Water Interactions written by Sherry Mitchell-Bruker and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigating Groundwater by : Ian Acworth
Download or read book Investigating Groundwater written by Ian Acworth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-01 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigating Groundwater provides an integrated approach to the challenges associated with locating groundwater. Uniquely, the book provides a review of the wide range of techniques that can be deployed to investigate this important resource. Many of the practical examples given are based upon Australian experience but the methods have worldwide applicability. The book is published in colour and includes many original diagrams and photographs. Particular effort has been made to provide consistent terminology and SI units are used throughout the text Investigating Groundwater starts with an introduction to the historical significance of groundwater and gives an account of climate change. A description of the occurrence of groundwater in different rock types is then provided. A detailed account of surface water techniques is then followed by an account of the interconnections between surface water and groundwater. Four chapters describing groundwater hydraulics are then followed by four chapters describing the latest geophysical techniques. Once the best location of a borehole is determined using these techniques; chapters then describe appropriate drilling methods to use; provide a wide ranging review of geophysical logging, hydrochemical and isotopic techniques, before concluding with a detailed description of groundwater flow to a well. Written for a worldwide audience of degree level geology/engineering practitioners, academics and students involved in groundwater resource investigation methods; Investigating Groundwater is essential reading for those involved in groundwater research. Key Features: Presents the theoretical background and a detailed description of the techniques used in the investigation of groundwater. Describes the general occurrence of groundwater in different rock types; surface water hydrology and interconnected surface and groundwater systems. Provides detailed descriptions of geophysical techniques (seismic, electrical, gravity and heat) and an account of available geophysical logging methods. Reviews hydrochemical and isotope methods, followed by an account of drilling techniques. Gives a detailed account of radial flow to a well, including appropriate modelling and pump-testing techniques and a consideration of non-linear flow. Of interest to anyone involved in the development of groundwater resources, either for domestic supply, for agriculture or for mining.
