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Author : Robert F. Carlson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Modeling Snowmelt Runoff in an Arctic Coastal Plain written by Robert F. Carlson and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Knut Sand
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788271192198
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (921 download)
Download or read book Modeling Snowmelt Runoff Processes in Temperate and Arctic Environments written by Knut Sand and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ph.D. thesis. This report gives a summary of a series of investigations for the study of snowmelt runoff processes in different environments undertaken during the period 1988 to 1990 at four snow lysimeter stations within Norway and Svalbard.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 884 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kelsey M. Dean
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)
Download or read book Snowmelt Hydrology in the Upper Kuparuk Watershed, Alaska written by Kelsey M. Dean and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fourth National Climate Assessment Report (2018) indicates that Alaska has been warming at a rate two times greater than the global average with the Arctic continuing to be experiencing higher rates of warming. Snowmelt driven runoff is the largest hydrologic event of the year in many Alaska Arctic river systems. Changes to air temperature, permafrost, and snow cover impact the timing and magnitude of snowmelt runoff. This thesis examines the variability in hydrometeorological variables associated with snowmelt to better understand the timing and magnitude of snowmelt runoff in headwater streams of Arctic Alaska. The objectives of this thesis are to: (1) use observational data to evaluate trends in air temperature, precipitation, snow accumulation, and snowmelt runoff data; (2) relate precipitation, snow cover, and air temperature to snowmelt runoff using the physically-based Snowmelt Runoff Model (SRM) to test the applicability of the model for headwater streams in the Arctic. The focus of this study is the Upper Kuparuk watershed area, located in Alaska on the north side of the Brooks Range, where several monitoring programs have operated long enough to generate a 20-year climate record, 1993-2017. Long-term air temperature, precipitation, and streamflow data collected by the University of Alaska Fairbanks at the Water and Environmental Research Center and other agencies were used for statistical analysis and modeling. While no statistically significant trends in snow accumulation and snowmelt runoff were identified during 1993-2017, observations highlight large year-to-year variability and include extreme years. Snow water equivalent ranges from 5.4 to 17.6 cm (average 11.0 cm), peak snowmelt runoff ranges from 3.84 to 50.0 cms (average 22.4 cms), and snowmelt peak occurrence date ranges from May 13 to June 5 for the Upper Kuparuk period of record. The spring of 2015 stands out as the warmest, snowiest year on record in the Upper Kuparuk. To further investigate the runoff response to snowmelt in 2015, remote sensing snow data was analyzed and recommended parameters were developed for SRM use in the Upper Kuparuk watershed. Recommended parameters were then applied to 2013 snowmelt runoff as a test year. Model results varied between the two years and provide good first-order approximation of snowmelt runoff for headwater rivers in the Alaska Arctic.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1344 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 684 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book NOAA Technical Report NWS written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. National Weather Service
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1102 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book NOAA Technical Report NWS. written by United States. National Weather Service and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 1102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Anna K. Liljedahl
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (73 download)
Download or read book The Hydrologic Regime at Sub-arctic and Arctic Watersheds written by Anna K. Liljedahl and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wetlands in the Arctic Coastal Plain, Northern Alaska, support a multitude of wildlife and natural resources that depend upon the abundance of water. Observations and climate model simulations show that surface air temperature over the Alaskan arctic coast has risen in recent history. Thus a growing need exists to assess how the hydrology of these arctic wetlands will respond to the warming climate. A synthesis study was conducted combining the analysis of an extensive field campaign, which includes direct measurements of all components of the water balance, with a physically-based hydrologic model forced by downscaled climate projections. Currently, these wetlands exist despite a desert-like annual precipitation and a negative net summer water balance. Although evapotranspiration is the major pathway of water loss, there are multiple non-linear controls that moderate the evapotranspiration rates. At the primary study site within the Barrow Environmental Observatory, shallow ponding of snowmelt water occurs for nearly a month at the vegetated drained thaw lake basin. Modeling studies revealed that the duration and depth of the ponding are only replicated faithfully if the rims of low-centered polygons are represented. Simple model experiments suggest that the polygon type (low- or high-centered) controls watershed-scale runoff, evapotranspiration, and near-surface soil moisture. High-centered polygons increase runoff, while reducing near-surface soil moisture and evapotranspiration. Soil drying was not projected by the end-of-the century but differential ground subsidence could potentially dominate the direct effects of climate warming resulting in a drying of the Arctic Coastal Plain wetlands. A drier surface would increase the susceptibility to fire, which currently is a major part of the Alaskan sub-arctic but not the arctic landscape. High quality pre- and postfire data were collected in the same location in central Seward Peninsula, uniquely documenting short-term soil warming and wettening following a severe tundra fire. Overall, this research concludes that arctic and sub-arctic watershed-scale hydrology is affected by changes in climate, surface cover, and microtopographic structures. It is therefore crucial to merge hydrology, permafrost, vegetation, and geomorphology models and measurements at the appropriate scales to further refine the response of the Arctic Coastal Plain wetlands to climate warming.
Author : TIM BEDFORD
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9058095827
Total Pages : 680 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (58 download)
Download or read book Safety and Reliability written by TIM BEDFORD and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings contain two hundred and eighteen papers representing the work of authors from countries across the world. They cover a wide range of research and applications in safety and reliability issues that concern all types of systems, processes and structures.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (5 download)
Download or read book North Slope Borough Coastal Management Work Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
![Download Permafrost: North American Contribution [to The] Second International Conference PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/M4SvF9Qax7EC?fife=w200-h370)
Author :
Publisher : National Academies
ISBN 13 : 9780309021159
Total Pages : 808 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (211 download)
Download or read book Permafrost: North American Contribution [to The] Second International Conference written by and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1973-01-01 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Geological Literature on the North Slope of Alaska, 1974-1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Eric A. Anderson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book A Point Energy and Mass Balance Model of a Snow Cover written by Eric A. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : H.G. Jones
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400939477
Total Pages : 748 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Seasonal Snowcovers: Physics, Chemistry, Hydrology written by H.G. Jones and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, much concern has been expressed on the deleterious effects that anthropogenic emissions of acidic pollutants have on ecosystems of both industrialized countries and remote areas of the world. In many of these regions, seasonal snowcover is a major factor in the transfer of atmospheric pollutants, either to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems or to the more permanent reservoirs of glaciers and ice sheets. The recognition of the role that seasonal snowcovers can thus play in the chemical dynamics of whole ecosystems was recently echoed by the Committee on Glaciology of the National Research Council (National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine) which recommended that studies on "Impurities in the snowpack, their discharge into runoff, and management of the problem" be rated at the highest prority level (ref. a). It is in this context that the Advanced Research Institute (ASI) brought together scientists active in the fields of snow physics, snow chemistry and snow hydrology. The programme was structured so as to facilitate the exchange of information and ideas on the theories for the chemical evolution of seasonal snowcovers and snowmelt and on the impact of the chemical composition of the meltwaters on the different components of hydrological systems. As a consequence the ASI also attracted participants from potential users of the information that was disseminated; these were particularly concerned with the effects of snowmelt and snowcover on terrestrial biota and those of lakes and streams.
Author : Gunter Weller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Climate of the Arctic written by Gunter Weller and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : J. A. A. Jones
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792343295
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (432 download)
Download or read book Regional Hydrological Response to Climate Change written by J. A. A. Jones and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Predicting the Hydrological Effects of Climate Change.- Section I Sensitivity of the Global Hydrosphere Section Summary.- 2. An Introduction to Global Water Dynamics.- 3. Modelling the Biospheric Aspects of the Hydrological Cycle: Upscaling Processes and Downscaling Weather Data.- 4. Trends in Historical Steamflow Records.- Section II Regional Implications of Global Warming Section Summary.- 5. Hydrology of Northern North America under Global Warming.- 6. Current Evidence on the Likely Impact of Global Warming on Hydrological Regimes in Europe.- 7. The Impact of Climatic Warming on Hydrological Regimes in China: An Overview.- Section III Precipitation Change and Variability Section Summary.- 8. The Influence of Topography, Season and Circulation on Spatial Patterns of Daily Precipitation.- 9. Use of Artificial Neural Networks in Precipitation Forecasting.- 10. Generation of Sequences of Air Temperature and Precipitation for Estimation of the Hydrological Cycle in Changing Climatic Conditions in Poland.- 11. Some Aspects of Climatic Fluctuation at Four Stations on the Tibetan Plateau during the Last 40 Years.- 12. The Influences of the North Atlantic Oscillation, the El Niño/Southern Oscillation and the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation on Winter Precipitation in Ireland.- Section IV Impacts on Snow, Ice and Meltwaters Section Summary.- 13. Runoff Formation and Discharge Modelling of a Glacierized Basin in the Tianshan Mountains.- 14. Impact of Future Climate Change on Glacier Runoff and the Possibilities for Artificially Increasing Melt Water Runoff in the Aral Sea Basin.- 15. Glaciers and Snowcover in Central Asia as Indicators of Climate Change in the Earth-Ocean-Atmosphere System.- 16. Global Warming and the Trend toward Dryness in the Frigid High Mountains and Plateau of Western China.- Section V The Water Balance and Changing Regional Resources Section Summary.- 17. A Method to Assess the Effects of Climatic Warming on the Water Balance of Mountainous Regions.- 18. Sensitivity Analyses for the Impact of Global Warming on Water Resources in Wales.- 19. Potential Hydrological Responses to Climate Change in Australia.- 20. Dynamics of Stage Fluctuation in Yangzhouyongcuo Lake, Tibetan Plateau.- 21. Derivation of Surface Temperature, Albedo, and Radiative Fluxes over the Tibetan Plateau Based on Satellite Measurement.- 22. Climatic Warming and its Impact on the Water Resources of the Yalong River, China.- 23. The Probable Impact of Global Change on the Water Resources of Patagonia, Argentina.- 24. Long Term Trends in the Water Balance of Central Japan.- Conclusions.- 25. The Impact of Global Warming on Regional Hydrology and Future Research Priorities.
Author : Bikas Chandra Bhattarai
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783845410623
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Snowmelt Runoff Modelling written by Bikas Chandra Bhattarai and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-07 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of global warming on glaciers of Nepal has serious implications for the fresh water reserve. Increase in temperature and precipitation in Himalayas accelerates the process of snow melting as well as enhances flooding event from direct runoff whereas dry season discharge is decreased. The major concern is rapid reduction of glaciers in much of the Himalayan region and shifting upwards of snow line. Very few literatures are available on snowmelt runoff modeling. This book summaries research design and the SRM model and the required data for run this model. It gives the detail outline of temperature index i.e. Positive Degree Day, PDD models, Snow Melt Runoff, SRM simulation and climate change assessment procedures and data preparation for model run. It deals about the data acquisition, its pre-processing and the post-processing such as to make them ready for the input to the simulation model. This book can be useful for the researchers who are interested to investigate the contribution of snow melt in stream flow of snow-fed stream and impact of climate change on water resources.
