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Author : B. R. Bicknel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (427 download)
Download or read book Modeling Nitrogen Cycling and Export in Forested Watersheds Using HSPF written by B. R. Bicknel and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Publisher : BiblioGov
ISBN 13 : 9781289208660
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (86 download)
Download or read book Modeling Nitrogen Cycling and Export in Forested Watersheds Using Hspf written by U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.
Download or read book Modeling Nitrogen Cycling in Forested Watersheds of Chesapeake Bay written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Vijay P. Singh
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420037439
Total Pages : 678 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Watershed Models written by Vijay P. Singh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-09-28 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Watershed modeling is at the heart of modern hydrology, supplying rich information that is vital to addressing resource planning, environmental, and social problems. Even in light of this important role, many books relegate the subject to a single chapter while books devoted to modeling focus only on a specific area of application. Recognizing the
Author : Liwang Ma
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420052977
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Quantifying and Understanding Plant Nitrogen Uptake for Systems Modeling written by Liwang Ma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-08-27 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses New Advancements to Improve Existing Simulations of Plant NitrogenWritten by research pioneers and leading scientists in the area of agricultural systems, Quantifying and Understanding Plant Nitrogen Uptake for Systems Modeling comprehensively covers plant N uptake in agricultural system models, especially for building soil-plant system m
Author : Kara Elizabeth Goodwin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (652 download)
Download or read book Increasing the Resolution of a Global Nitrogen Export Model written by Kara Elizabeth Goodwin and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jessica Frances Sheldon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (748 download)
Download or read book Sensitivity Analysis of a Nitrogen Cycling Model for a Northern Hardwood Forest written by Jessica Frances Sheldon and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Joan Krzak
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (841 download)
Download or read book A Model of Forest Nitrogen Cycling to Assess the Effects of Management Intensity on Long-term Productivity in Douglas-fir Forests of the Pacific Northwest written by Joan Krzak and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of forest management intensity on long-term productivity of Pacific Northwest Douglas-fir forests. The components of management intensity included rotation length, timber utilization standard (whole tree or bole only), method of slash treatment (remove/burn or leave) and fertilization practice (urea nitrogen fertilization or red alder crop rotations). A computer simulation model of forest nitrogen cycling and growth was developed. Long-term forest productivity was indicated by trends in the following variables over time: forest floor and total soil nitrogen; nitrogen in the Douglas-fir and understory vegetation; nitrogen losses from vegetation removal and slash treatment; and Douglas-fir timber volumes (both standing volume and volume removed by harvesting). A range of 15 management prescriptions were simulated for a 360-year period. The results indicated that the development of the Douglas-fir stand caused a steady decline in total soil nitrogen. Shorter rotation lengths, 50-60 years, produced more rapid depletions of soil nitrogen than longer, 120-year rotations. Whole tree harvesting with 60-year rotations, slash removal and no fertilization caused a 130 percent increase in the amount of soil nitrogen required over the 360 years, compared to harvesting boles only. The addition of urea fertilizer increased wood and bark volumes by 15 percent, while decreasing the soil nitrogen requirements of whole tree harvesting by 14 percent. The use of 15 and 40-year alder rotations caused 11 and 12 percent increases, respectively, in subsequent Douglas-fir volumes, while decreasing total soil nitrogen requirements by 60 to 72 percent compared to urea fertilization. Slash removal practices resulted in a 23 percent increase in the average soil nitrogen requirement per 60-year rotation, in combination with whole tree harvesting and no fertilization. Harvesting of boles only lessened this effect of slash removal on soil nitrogen requirements. The research results indicate that forest managers and decision makers can no longer make the unqualified assumption that growth rates will be maintained or increased as management intensity increases. The simulated levels of soil nitrogen depletion after 360 years of management show that the assumed growth rates would not be maintained over this long a time period.
Author : Amalia Marie Baiyor Handler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 155 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)
Download or read book Watershed Nitrogen Transport, Retention, and Fate in Dryland and Urban Ecosystems written by Amalia Marie Baiyor Handler and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen is an essential, often limiting, element for biological growth that can act as a pollutant if present in excess. Nitrogen is primarily transported by water from uplands to streams and eventually to recipient lakes, estuaries, and wetlands, but can be modulated by biological uptake and transformation along these flowpaths. As a result, nitrogen can accumulate in aquatic ecosystems if supply is high or if biological retention is low. Dryland and urban ecosystems offer interesting contrasts in water supply, which limits transport and biological activity in drylands, and nitrogen supply that increases with human activity. In my dissertation, I ask: What is the relative balance among nitrogen retention, removal, and transport processes in dryland watersheds, and what is the fate of exported nitrogen? My dissertation research demonstrates that water is a major control on where and when nitrogen is retained and removed versus exported to downstream ecosystems. I used a mass-balance model based on synoptic surveys to study seasonal and spatial patterns in nitrate loading to a dryland stream network. I found that irrigation diversions transport nitrate from agricultural areas to the stream network year-round, even during dry seasons, and are an important driver of nitrate loading. I further explored how seasonal precipitation influences flood nutrient export in an intermittent desert stream by coupling long-term data of flood-water chemistry with stream discharge and precipitation data. I found that higher precipitation prior to a flood fills water storage sites in the catchment, leading to larger floods. In addition, higher antecedent precipitation stimulates biological nitrogen retention in the uplands, leading to lower nitrogen concentration in floods. Finally, I evaluated the consequences of nitrogen export from watersheds on how urban wetlands attenuate nitrate through denitrification that permanently removes nitrogen, and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) that retains nitrogen in another biologically reactive form. I found that DNRA becomes proportionally more important with low nitrate concentration, thereby retaining nitrogen as ammonium. Collectively, my dissertation research addresses how dryland and urban ecosystems can be integrated into models of watershed nitrogen cycling.
Author : American Geophysical Union. Meeting
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (238 download)
Download or read book Spring Meeting written by American Geophysical Union. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Scott W. Ator
Publisher : Geological Survey (USGS)
ISBN 13 : 9781411332621
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (326 download)
Download or read book Sources, Fate, and Transport of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed written by Scott W. Ator and published by Geological Survey (USGS). This book was released on 2011 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spatially Referenced Regression on Watershed Attributes (SPARROW) was used to provide empirical estimates of the sources, fate, and transport of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, and the mean annual TN and TP flux to the bay and in each of 80,579 nontidal tributary stream reaches. Restoration efforts in recent decades have been insufficient to meet established standards for water quality and ecological conditions in Chesapeake Bay. The bay watershed includes 166,000 square kilometers of mixed land uses, multiple nutrient sources, and variable hydrogeologic, soil, and weather conditions, and bay restoration is complicated by the multitude of nutrient sources and complex interacting factors affecting the occurrence, fate, and transport of nitrogen and phosphorus from source areas to streams and the estuary. Effective and efficient nutrient management at the regional scale in support of Chesapeake Bay restoration requires a comprehensive understanding of the sources, fate, and transport of nitrogen and phosphorus in the watershed, which is only available through regional models. The current models, Chesapeake Bay nutrient SPARROW models, version 4 (CBTN_v4 and CBTP_v4), were constructed at a finer spatial resolution than previous SPARROW models for the Chesapeake Bay watershed (versions 1, 2, and 3), and include an updated timeframe and modified sources and other explantory terms.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309210828
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Achieving Nutrient and Sediment Reduction Goals in the Chesapeake Bay written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-09-26 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chesapeake Bay is North America's largest and most biologically diverse estuary, as well as an important commercial and recreational resource. However, excessive amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment from human activities and land development have disrupted the ecosystem, causing harmful algae blooms, degraded habitats, and diminished populations of many species of fish and shellfish. In 1983, the Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) was established, based on a cooperative partnership among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the state of Maryland, and the commonwealths of Pennsylvania and Virginia, and the District of Columbia, to address the extent, complexity, and sources of pollutants entering the Bay. In 2008, the CBP launched a series of initiatives to increase the transparency of the program and heighten its accountability and in 2009 an executive order injected new energy into the restoration. In addition, as part of the effect to improve the pace of progress and increase accountability in the Bay restoration, a two-year milestone strategy was introduced aimed at reducing overall pollution in the Bay by focusing on incremental, short-term commitments from each of the Bay jurisdictions. The National Research Council (NRC) established the Committee on the Evaluation of Chesapeake Bay Program Implementation for Nutrient Reduction in Improve Water Quality in 2009 in response to a request from the EPA. The committee was charged to assess the framework used by the states and the CBP for tracking nutrient and sediment control practices that are implemented in the Chesapeake Bay watershed and to evaluate the two-year milestone strategy. The committee was also to assess existing adaptive management strategies and to recommend improvements that could help CBP to meet its nutrient and sediment reduction goals. The committee did not attempt to identify every possible strategy that could be implemented but instead focused on approaches that are not being implemented to their full potential or that may have substantial, unrealized potential in the Bay watershed. Because many of these strategies have policy or societal implications that could not be fully evaluated by the committee, the strategies are not prioritized but are offered to encourage further consideration and exploration among the CBP partners and stakeholders.
Author : Devendra Amatya
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1780646607
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (86 download)
Download or read book Forest Hydrology written by Devendra Amatya and published by CABI. This book was released on 2016-09-14 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forests cover approximately 26% of the world's land surface area and represent a distinct biotic community. They interact with water and soil in a variety of ways, providing canopy surfaces which trap precipitation and allow evaporation back into the atmosphere, thus regulating how much water reaches the forest floor as through fall, as well as pull water from the soil for transpiration. The discipline "forest hydrology" has been developed throughout the 20th century. During that time human intervention in natural landscapes has increased, and land use and management practices have intensified. The book will be useful for graduate students, professionals, land managers, practitioners, and researchers with a good understanding of the basic principles of hydrology and hydrologic processes.
Author : Luke Gatiboni
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889663574
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)
Download or read book Legacy Phosphorus in Agriculture: Role of Past Management and Perspectives for the Future written by Luke Gatiboni and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-01-07 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Richard A. Valigura
Publisher : American Geophysical Union
ISBN 13 : 0875902715
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (759 download)
Download or read book Nitrogen Loading in Coastal Water Bodies written by Richard A. Valigura and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 2001-01-09 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Coastal and Estuarine Studies, Volume 57. Every time it rains, biologically active nitrogen compounds are transferred from the air to whatever surface lies underneath; what a farmer once called "the poor man's fertilizer." In fact, nitrogen containing compounds are transferred between surface and atmosphere even when it is not raining. That this atmospheric nitrogen deposition impacts on the environment is a scientifically accepted fact, established during the acid rain debates led by the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program. The extent to which this deposition contributes to the decline of coastal waters around the United States due to over fertilization, however, is still under debate. In response to and as a continuation of this debate is the current work before you: the first attempt to consistently and comprehensively estimate the relative contribution of atmospherically delivered nitrogen to the total amount of nitrogen entering coastal estuaries around the United States.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Nutrient Criteria Technical Guidance Manual written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309125391
Total Pages : 611 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Urban Stormwater Management in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid conversion of land to urban and suburban areas has profoundly altered how water flows during and following storm events, putting higher volumes of water and more pollutants into the nation's rivers, lakes, and estuaries. These changes have degraded water quality and habitat in virtually every urban stream system. The Clean Water Act regulatory framework for addressing sewage and industrial wastes is not well suited to the more difficult problem of stormwater discharges. This book calls for an entirely new permitting structure that would put authority and accountability for stormwater discharges at the municipal level. A number of additional actions, such as conserving natural areas, reducing hard surface cover (e.g., roads and parking lots), and retrofitting urban areas with features that hold and treat stormwater, are recommended.
