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Author : Matthew Jesse Solomon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (73 download)
Download or read book Modeling Idling Reduction Options for Heavy-duty Diesel Trucks written by Matthew Jesse Solomon and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309122082
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-10-19 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21st Century Truck Partnership (21CTP), a cooperative research and development partnership formed by four federal agencies with 15 industrial partners, was launched in the year 2000 with high hopes that it would dramatically advance the technologies used in trucks and buses, yielding a cleaner, safer, more efficient generation of vehicles. Review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership critically examines and comments on the overall adequacy and balance of the 21CTP. The book reviews how well the program has accomplished its goals, evaluates progress in the program, and makes recommendations to improve the likelihood of the Partnership meeting its goals. Key recommendations of the book include that the 21CTP should be continued, but the future program should be revised and better balanced. A clearer goal setting strategy should be developed, and the goals should be clearly stated in measurable engineering terms and reviewed periodically so as to be based on the available funds.
Download or read book Effects of Heavy-duty Diesel Vehicle Idling Emissions on Ambient Air Quality at a Truck Travel Center and Air Quality Benefits Associated with Advanced Truck Stop Electrification Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: United States Department of Transportation (DOT) requires truck drivers to rest for 10 hours after every 14 hours of driving. During this time and while waiting for loading and unloading of their trucks, truck drivers idle their engine to provide heat or air conditioning for the cab and sleeping compartment, keep the engine warm during cold climate, and provide electrical power for their onboard appliances. At large truck stops, 200 or more trucks can be idling at the same time. At these truck stops idling emissions can significantly contribute to the concentrations of NOx and PM[subscript two point five] pollutants in the ambient air in the vicinity of the truck stop. In this study monitoring of ambient air at the Petro truck travel center located at I40/I75 and Watt Road interchange was performed between mid December 2003 and August 2004. Concentrations of PM[subscript two point five] and NOx were measured continuously at two locations. Computer modeling was also performed using EPA's ISCST3 model to predict ambient concentrations of PM[subscript two point five] and NOx at the truck stop. Ambient concentrations of NOx and PM[subscript two point five] were found to be higher at nighttime and early morning hours compared to daytime. The number of trucks idling at the truck travel center was also found to have similar trend as that of ambient concentrations of considered pollutants. Average ambient concentrations of 276 ppb 213 ppb of NOx and 35 [subscript micrograms per cubic meter] and 29 [subscript micrograms per cubic meter] of PM[subscript two point five] were monitored at the two selected locations over the course of this research. The monitored concentrations of PM[subscript two point five] and NOx were then compared to the predicted values in an effort to verify and calibrate the model. The ISCST3 model was used to predict annual average and maximum 24-hour average NOx and PM[subscript two point five] and concentrations in the Watt Road area and three hot-spots corresponding to the three truck travel centers at the area were observed. If sufficient number of IdleAire electrification units were provided to accomodate all trucks (that would otherwise idle), the ambient concentrations (not considering background concentrations) would be lower by 70% and 48% at the two monitoring locations as predicted by ISCST3 model.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309159474
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (64 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Heavy-duty Diesel Vehicle Emissions During Cold -start and Steady-state Idling Conditions and Reduction of Emissions from a Truck-stop Electrification Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cold-start and extended-idling emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) were measured from 24, class-8B, heavy duty diesel vehicles (HDDV8B) using portable emission monitoring equipment. The ratio of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) to NOx and the ratio of PM2.5 to total PM were reported. Truck model years ranged from 1992 to 2004. All vehicles were tested in the field during summer and fall months under ambient environmental conditions at low (600-800 rpm) and high (1000 rpm) engine idling speeds with the truck cab air-conditioner operating at "on" and "off" modes. Sampling data thus obtained were used to generate typical average cold-start and extended-idling emission factors and were used to estimate potential emission reductions associated from using Truck Stop Electrification (TSE) Itechnology. Results indicated that cold-start emission rates, which were determined from the first 5-minutes of the cold-start period, were higher than the extended-idling emission rates by factors of 2.5 for CO, 1.5 for NOx and 1.7 for PM2.5 . Overall, the extended-idling emission factors of the present study compared favorable to both the U.S Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) values that are recommended for State Implementation Plans (SIP) and average emission factors that were established from a previous review of the literature. In summary, the NOx emission rates were greater than those reported for EPA-SIP purposes and from the literature review by 23.5% and 17.4%, respectively. The PM2.5 emission rates observed in this study were less than those reported for EPA-SIP purposes by 3.8% and were greater than those reported in the literature by 6.3%, respectively. The average extended-idling emission factors for CO, NOx and PM2.5 were 64.5 g/hr, 167 g/hr and 3.51 g/hr, respectively. Electricity utilization and related emissions from TSE were calculated for a coal fired power plant equipped with Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology for NOx removal and that meets New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) for NOx and PM2.5 emissions. In general, it was found that the cold-start emissions and the emissions from electricity were moderately small in comparison with the extended-idling emissions. Conversely, it was determined that the actual emission savings that could be associated with the TSE technology were 62.4 g/hr for CO, 158 g/hr for NOx and 3.19 g/hr for PM2.5 . Finally, the corrected or actual emission reductions for CO, NOx and PM2.5 using a cold-start period for 5-minutes were approximately 3.2%, 5.0% and 10% less than the extended-idling emission rate, respectively.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (72 download)
Download or read book Study of Exhaust Emissions from Idling Heavy-duty Diesel Trucks and Commercially Available Idle-reducing Devices written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309302404
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medium- and heavy-duty trucks, motor coaches, and transit buses - collectively, "medium- and heavy-duty vehicles", or MHDVs - are used in every sector of the economy. The fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of MHDVs have become a focus of legislative and regulatory action in the past few years. Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two is a follow-on to the National Research Council's 2010 report, Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium-and Heavy-Duty Vehicles. That report provided a series of findings and recommendations on the development of regulations for reducing fuel consumption of MHDVs. This report comprises the first periodic, five-year follow-on to the 2010 report. Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two reviews NHTSA fuel consumption regulations and considers the technological, market and regulatory factors that may be of relevance to a revised and updated regulatory regime taking effect for model years 2019-2022. The report analyzes and provides options for improvements to the certification and compliance procedures for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles; reviews an updated analysis of the makeup and characterization of the medium- and heavy-duty truck fleet; examines the barriers to and the potential applications of natural gas in class 2b through class 8 vehicles; and addresses uncertainties and performs sensitivity analyses for the fuel consumption and cost/benefit estimates.
Author : George Alexander Scora
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Development of a Heavy Duty Diesel Emissions Model and Transportation Model Integration written by George Alexander Scora and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309149827
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-08-30 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame.
Author : Andrew J. Weeks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (656 download)
Download or read book Modeling the Emissions of Heavy-duty Diesel Vehicles on Interstate 89/189 and US Route 7 in the Burlington Area written by Andrew J. Weeks and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : P. A. Lakshminarayanan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 981166742X
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)
Download or read book Modelling Diesel Combustion written by P. A. Lakshminarayanan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-21 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively discusses diesel combustion phenomena like ignition delay, fuel-air mixing, rate of heat release, and emissions of smoke, particulate and nitric oxide. It enables quantitative evaluation of these important phenomena and parameters. Most importantly, it attempts to model them with constants that are independent of engine types and hence they could be applied by the engineers and researchers for a general engine. This book emphasizes the importance of the spray at the wall in precisely describing the heat release and emissions for most of the engines on and off-road. It gives models for heat release and emissions. Every model is thoroughly validated by detailed experiments using a broad range of engines. The book describes an elegant quasi-one-dimensional model for heat release in diesel engines with single as well as multiple injections. The book describes how the two aspects, namely, fuel injection rate and the diameter of the combustion bowl in the piston, have enabled meeting advanced emission, noise, and performance standards. The book also discusses the topics of computational fluid dynamics encompassing RANS and LES models of turbulence. Given the contents, this book will be useful for students, researchers and professionals working in the area of vehicle engineering and engine technology. This book will also be a good professional book for practising engineers in the field of combustion engines and automotive engineering.
Author : Promod Mukund Athalye
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (79 download)
Download or read book Modeling heavy duty diesel vehicles emissions and fuel consumption written by Promod Mukund Athalye and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Haoran Hu
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 1468601377
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (686 download)
Download or read book Advanced Hybrid Powertrains for Commercial Vehicles written by Haoran Hu and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2021-04-14 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Powertrains for commercial vehicles have evolved since the late nineteenth-century invention of the ICE. In the revised second edition of Advanced Hybrid Powertrains for Commercial Vehicles, the authors explore commercial powertrains through history from the ICE through the introduction of the hybrid powertrain in commercial vehicles. Readers are given an understanding of the ICE as well as the classification of commercial vehicle hybrid powertrains, the variety of energy storage systems, fuel-cell hybrid powertrain systems, and commercial vehicle electrification. The authors review the legislation of vehicle emissions and the regulation necessary to promote the production of fuel-efficient vehicles.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Hybrid Technologies for Medium to Heavy-duty Commercial Trucks written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Energy and Environment and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 590 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Medium- and Heavy-Duty Fuel Efficiency Improvement Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 808 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)
Download or read book Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Ladies and Gentlemen: Turn Off Your Engines! written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
