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Modeling Crack Extension In Chopped Fiber Composites
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Book Synopsis Modeling Crack Extension in Chopped-Fiber Composites by : FW. Cooke
Download or read book Modeling Crack Extension in Chopped-Fiber Composites written by FW. Cooke and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A finite element model for predicting the effect of fiber bridging, fiber properties, and fiber-matrix interface strength on the crack-tip stresses and crack propagation potential of a chopped-fiber composite is proposed. The method of virtual crack extension was used to model crack growth in a micromechanics composite material model. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fiber bridging of a crack and fiber-matrix interface strength on the stress intensity and strain energy release rate in virtual crack extension.
Book Synopsis Composite Materials by : Erian A. Armanios
Download or read book Composite Materials written by Erian A. Armanios and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1997 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cracks in composite materials by : George C. Sih
Download or read book Cracks in composite materials written by George C. Sih and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composites offer great promise as light weight and strong materials for high performance structures. One of the major advantages of these materials as compared with metals is the basic way in which heterogeneity resist crack extension. In a fiber/matrix composite system, the fibers tend to cause cracks to form at closer spacing and delay the formation of a large crack. The enhancement of local failure such as fiber breaking, matrix cracking and interface debonding further reduces the energy level which might have otherwise reached the point of catastrophic failure. Even though substantial tests have been made on composite materials, little has been gained in the understanding and development of a predic tive procedure for composite failure. There are fundamental difficulties associated with incorporating the nonhomogeneous and anisotropic prop erties of the composite into the continuum mechanics analysis. Additional uncertainties arise from voids and defects that are introduced in the composite during manufacturing. Even a small quantity of mechanical imperfections can cause a marked influence on the composite strength. Moreover, the interface properties between the fibers and matrix or bonded laminae can also affect the load transmission characteristics significantly. It would be impossible to establish predictive procedures for composite failure unless realistic guidelines could be developed to control the manufacturing quality of composite systems.
Book Synopsis Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development by :
Download or read book Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites by : Fadhel Aouadi
Download or read book Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites written by Fadhel Aouadi and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rehabilitation R & D Progress Reports by :
Download or read book Rehabilitation R & D Progress Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling and Prediction of Crack Arrest in Fiber-Reinforced Composites by : C. Barney
Download or read book Modeling and Prediction of Crack Arrest in Fiber-Reinforced Composites written by C. Barney and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper addresses the modeling of crack growth resistance of titanium-based metal matrix composites under cyclic loading by considering the conditions necessary to promote the crack arrest of dominant cracks that are often observed in these materials. The presence of dominant cracks facilitates the application of fracture mechanics parameters such as the stress intensity factor, K, and the stress intensity factor range, ?K, to describe crack growth resistance under monotonic and cyclic loading, respectively. Using such fracture mechanics parameters, weight function methods have been used to model, assess, and predict the onset of crack arrest for cracks growing in both uniform and nonuniform stress fields. The model requires the experimental determination of crack arrest conditions for a particular testpiece geometry, for a given loading condition, and where the specific number of intact bridging fibers is also determined. It can then be used to predict the influence of crack shape and crack size for a variety of testpiece geometries and loading conditions. It is clear that corner cracks and semi-elliptical cracks are potentially more damaging than equivalent through-thickness cracks. Particular attention has also been taken to model the behavior of cracks growing in selectively reinforced composites, and the importance of the thickness of any unreinforced cladding is considered.
Book Synopsis International Aerospace Abstracts by :
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Computer Methods for Modeling the Progressive Damage of Composite Material Plates and Tubes by : Saiphon Charoenphan
Download or read book Computer Methods for Modeling the Progressive Damage of Composite Material Plates and Tubes written by Saiphon Charoenphan and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis and Performance of Fiber Composites by : Bhagwan D. Agarwal
Download or read book Analysis and Performance of Fiber Composites written by Bhagwan D. Agarwal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-26 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updated and expanded coverage of the latest trends and developments in fiber composite materials, processes, and applications Analysis and Performance of Fiber Composites, Fourth Edition features updated and expanded coverage of all technical aspects of fiber composites, including the latest trends and developments in materials, manufacturing processes, and materials applications, as well as the latest experimental characterization methods. Fiber reinforced composite materials have become a fundamental part of modern product manufacturing. Routinely used in such high-tech fields as electronics, automobiles, aircraft, and space vehicles, they are also essential to everyday staples of modern life, such as containers, piping, and appliances. Little wonder, when one considers their ease of fabrication, outstanding mechanical properties, design versatility, light weight, corrosion and impact resistance, and excellent fatigue strength. This Fourth Edition of the classic referencethe standard text for composite materials courses, worldwideoffers an unrivalled review of such an important class of engineering materials. Still the most comprehensive, up-to-date treatment of the mechanics, materials, performance, analysis, fabrication, and characterization of fiber composite materials available, Analysis and Performance of Fiber Composites, Fourth Edition features: Expanded coverage of materials and manufacturing, with additional information on materials, processes, and material applications Updated and expanded information on experimental characterization methodsincluding many industry specific tests Discussions of damage identification techniques using nondestructive evaluation (NDE) Coverage of the influence of moisture on performance of polymer matrix composites, stress corrosion of glass fibers and glass reinforced plastics, and damage due to low-velocity impact New end-of-chapter problems and exercises with solutions found on an accompanying website Computer analysis of laminates No other reference provides such exhaustive coverage of fiber composites with such clarity and depth. Analysis and Performance of Fiber Composites, Fourth Edition is, without a doubt, an indispensable resource for practicing engineers, as well as students of mechanics, mechanical engineering, and aerospace engineering. Visit the Companion Website at: https://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-830336.html
Book Synopsis Composite Materials Handbook-MIL 17, Volume I by : UsDeptOfDefense
Download or read book Composite Materials Handbook-MIL 17, Volume I written by UsDeptOfDefense and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook documents engineering methodologies for the development of standardized, statistically -based material property data for polymer matrix composite materials. Also provided are data summaries for a number of relevant composite material systems for which available data meets specific MIL-HNBK-17 requirements for publication. Additionall
Book Synopsis Experimental and Computational Exploration of the Fracture Energy in Fiber Composites when Subject to Crack Parallel Compression by : Jeremy Brockmann
Download or read book Experimental and Computational Exploration of the Fracture Energy in Fiber Composites when Subject to Crack Parallel Compression written by Jeremy Brockmann and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores the global Mode I fracture energy of a carbon fiber composite subject to a biaxial stress state at a crack tip. Both an experimental campaign, in which a novel test setup for composite materials is designed and developed, and a computational campaign are performed to quantify the effects of the biaxial stress state. Using photomicroscopy (PMG) the results from these efforts are explained via meso-scale damage mechanisms at the crack tip. This research represents a gradational step in the continued development of composite fracture mechanics and, as a salient result, indicates the criticality of modeling fiber composites with a finite width fracture process zone (FPZ) and a fully tensorial damage law when simulating quasi-static fracture. Experimentation is performed via a simple modification to the standard three-point-bend (3PB) test on a single edge notched bend (SENB) specimen. Polypropylene pads with a near perfectly plastic yield plateau are placed adjacent to the crack mouth and are used to apply a constant crack parallel compression prior to a bending moment which is induced by rigid rollers that are engaged only once the pads have yielded. Three different size test specimens, geometrically scaled in-plane and held at a constant thickness, are tested. A pre-impregnated, Toray T800H/3900-2 material system is used, and composite panels are manufactured via hand layup, vacuum bagging, and autoclave curing processes. All test specimens are symmetric cross-ply laminates (comprised only of 0° and 90° plies). Cracks are installed into the specimens manually with a mitre box that guides a thin kerf blade (0.508 mm thick) to the desired crack length. Testing is performed on an Instron 5585H load frame where force data is obtained via a transducer on the load frame and displacement is measured through 2D digital image correlation (DIC). The fracture energy is determined using Bažant’s Type II Size Effect Law (SEL). From which it is found that there is a monotonic decrease in the Mode I fracture energy as the crack parallel compressive stress increases. Compared to the nominal value of fracture energy, where no crack parallel compression is applied, the fracture energy is observed to decrease by up to 37% for a compressive stress equal to 44% of the compressive failure limit of the composite. This weakening effect is attributed to splitting cracks that are induced at the crack tip due to the crack parallel compression. This is a novel result that challenges the century old hypothesis of fracture energy being a constant material property. The experiments are also repeated computationally using finite element analysis (FEA) where two modeling approaches are employed. First, the Hashin damage criterion in conjunction with a crack band model and second, cohesive elements are used to define the crack band with a max stress damage criterion. When using the Hashin damage criterion in the crack band the weakening effect and decrease in fracture energy observed experimentally are accurately captured. Conversely, when cohesive elements and the maximum stress criterion model the crack band the simulations overpredict the fracture energy and are grossly off compared to the experimental results. This is explained by the complexity of the constitutive equations that govern damage initiation within the crack band. That is, the Hashin criteria is fully tensorial, including all experienced crack tip stresses in its failure calculation whereas the maximum stress criteria is a reduced tensorial damage law and the presence of a crack parallel compression is absent. This emphasizes the importance of using a crack band model coupled with a full tensorial damage law to accurately predict fracture in composites.
Book Synopsis Discontinuous Mode of Crack Extension in Unidirectional Composites by : Edward Ming-chi Wu
Download or read book Discontinuous Mode of Crack Extension in Unidirectional Composites written by Edward Ming-chi Wu and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the microscopic examination of cracks in fiberglass, it was observed that the crack made microscopic skips across the fiber. The direction of skipping is strongly influenced by the tensile stress perpendicular to the fiber. As a consequence, the crack skipping has a preferred orientation under skew-symmetric loading. It was observed that when the direction of shear was reversed the preferred crack skipping direction was reversed also. Due to the crack skipping mode of crack propagation, the usual analysis for a straight crack is no longer valid. A mathematical model was developed to describe this mode of crack extension. The fiberglass stringers were replaced by their equivalent forces and the crack is reduced to a straight line. Experiments in propagating the crack with full reversal of the shear force substantiate the validity of the mathematical model. With this stringer force model, it can be seen that, at least quantitatively, the 'constant strain energy release rate' can be a fracture criterion for cracks under combined symmetric and skew symmetric loads. The major usefulness of this stringer force model probably lies in the analysis of crack propagation under cyclic loading. With this model, the influence of mean stress can be analyzed and the mechanism of crack growth can be more fully investigated. (Author).
Book Synopsis Separation of Crack Extension Modes in Composite Delamination Problems by : JL. Beuth
Download or read book Separation of Crack Extension Modes in Composite Delamination Problems written by JL. Beuth and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the analysis of composite delamination problems, the magnitudes of Mode I and Mode II stress intensity factors or energy release rates are typically not unique, due to oscillatory behavior of near-tip stresses and displacements. This behavior currently limits the ability to consistently apply interfacial fracture mechanics to predict composite delamination. The virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) is a method used to extract Mode I and Mode II components of energy release rates from finite element fracture models. Energy release rate components extracted from an oscillatory delamination model using the VCCT are dependent on the virtual crack extension length, ?.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Cracks Emanating from a Circular Hole in Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Composites, Part 2 by :
Download or read book Analysis of Cracks Emanating from a Circular Hole in Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Composites, Part 2 written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Composite Materials Handbook-MIL 17 by : Us Dept Of Defense
Download or read book Composite Materials Handbook-MIL 17 written by Us Dept Of Defense and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-06-18 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook documents engineering methodologies for the development of standardized, statistically -based material property data for polymer matrix composite materials. Also provided are data summaries for a number of relevant composite material systems for which available data meets specific MIL-HNBK-17 requirements for publication. Additionally, supporting materials are summarized. This handbook has been developed and is maintained as a joint effort of the Department of Defense and the Federal Aviation Administration. The book's primary purpose is the standardization of engineering data development methodologies related to characterization, testing, data reduction, and data reporting of properties for composite material systems for which data meeting specific requirements is available.
Book Synopsis Matrix Cracking Initiated by Fiber Breaks in Model Composites by :
Download or read book Matrix Cracking Initiated by Fiber Breaks in Model Composites written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fracture of resins in composite materials, can be initiated by a tensile break in a fiber. This process has been investigated for a simple model composite, consisting of two inextensible rods placed along the axis of a cylindrical elastic block and touching in the center. The rods represent a broken fiber. Energy release rates G were calculated for a circular crack growing outwards from the point where the rod ends separated as they were pulled apart. Results are compared with experimental observations on cracking of a silicone rubber cylinder containing two steel rods. It was found that a crack grew outwards under increasing load until its radius reached a certain size, approximately half way to the surface of the resin cylinder. At this point G reached a minimum value and then increased. Simultaneously, the crack accelerated and the sample broke. Forces required to propagate the crack were successfully predicted by linear elastic fracture mechanics at all stages of crack growth and for a wide range of fiber and sample radii. In particular, good agreement was obtained with the maximum force that the model system could support, i.e., the breaking load. When the sample was surrounded by a rigid tube, representing neighboring fibers surrounding the broken one, growth of a crack required an increasing load at all stages. The sample finally fractured when the broken fiber pulled out with resin still attached to it.
