Modeling Conformance Control And Chemical Eor Processes Using Different Reservoir Simulators

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Modeling Conformance Control and Chemical EOR Processes Using Different Reservoir Simulators

Author : Ali Goudarzi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Conformance Control and Chemical EOR Processes Using Different Reservoir Simulators by : Ali Goudarzi

Download or read book Modeling Conformance Control and Chemical EOR Processes Using Different Reservoir Simulators written by Ali Goudarzi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Successful field waterflood is a crucial prerequisite for improving the performance before EOR methods, such as ASP, SP, and P flooding, are applied in the field. Excess water production is a major problem in mature waterflooded oil fields that leads to early well abandonment and unrecoverable hydrocarbon. Gel treatments at the injection and production wells to preferentially plug the thief zones are cost-effective methods to improve sweep efficiency in reservoirs and reduce excess water production during hydrocarbon recovery. There are extensive experimental studies performed by some researchers in the past to investigate the performance of gels in conformance control and decreasing water production in mature waterflooded reservoirs, but no substantial modeling work has been done to simulate these experiments and predict the results for large field cases. We developed a novel, 3-dimensional chemical compositional and robust general reservoir simulator (UTGEL) to model gel treatment processes. The simulator has the capability to model different types of microgels, such as preformed particle gels (PPG), thermally active polymers (TAP), pH-sensitive microgels, and colloidal dispersion gels (CDG). The simulator has been validated for gel flooding using laboratory and field scale data. The simulator helps to design and optimize the flowing gel injection for conformance control processes in larger field cases. The gel rheology, adsorption, resistance factor and residual resistance factor with salinity effect, gel viscosity, gel kinetics, and swelling ratio were implemented in UTGEL. Several simulation case studies in fractured and heterogeneous reservoirs were performed to illustrate the effect of gel on production behavior and water control. Laboratory results of homogeneous and heterogeneous sandpacks, and Berea sandstone corefloods were used to validate the PPG transport models. Simulations of different heterogeneous field cases were performed and the results showed that PPG can improve the oil recovery by 5-10% OOIP compared to waterflood. For recovery from fractured reservoirs by waterflooding, injected water will flow easily through fractures and most part of reservoir oil will remain in matrix blocks unrecovered. Recovery from these reservoirs depends on matrix permeability, wettability, fracture intensity, temperature, pressure, and fluid properties. Chemical processes such as polymer flooding (P), surfactant/polymer (SP) flooding and alkali/surfactant/polymer (ASP) flooding are being used to enhance reservoir energy and increase the recovery. Chemical flooding has much broader range of applicability than in the past. These include high temperature reservoirs, formations with extreme salinity and hardness, naturally fractured carbonates, and sandstone reservoirs with heavy and viscous crude oils. The recovery from fractured carbonate reservoirs is frequently considered to be dominated by spontaneous imbibition. Therefore, any chemical process which can enhance the rate of imbibition has to be studied carefully. Wettability alteration using chemicals such as surfactant and alkali has been studied by many researchers in the past years and is recognized as one of the most effective recovery methods in fractured carbonate reservoirs. Injected surfactant will alter the wettability of matrix blocks from oil-wet to water-wet and also reduce the interfacial tension to ultra-low values and consequently more oil will be recovered by spontaneous co-current or counter-current imbibition depending on the dominant recovery mechanism. Accurate and reliable up-scaling of chemical enhanced oil recovery processes (CEOR) are among the most important issues in reservoir simulation. The important challenges in up-scaling CEOR processes are predictability of developed dimensionless numbers and also considering all the required mechanisms including wettability alteration and interfacial tension reduction. Thus, developing new dimensionless numbers with improved predictability at larger scales is of utmost importance in CEOR processes. There are some scaling groups developed in the past for either imbibition or coreflood experiments but none of them were predictive because all the physics related to chemical EOR processes (interfacial tension reduction and wettability alteration) were not included. Furthermore, most of commercial reservoir simulators do not have the capability to model imbibition tests due to lack of some physics, such as surfactant molecular diffusion. The modeling of imbibition cell tests can aid to understand the mechanisms behind wettability alteration and consequently aid in up-scaling the process. Also, modeling coreflood experiments for fractured vuggy carbonates is challenging. Different approaches of random permeability distribution and explicit fractures were used to model the experiments which demonstrate the validity and ranges of applicability of upscaled procedures, and also indicate the importance of viscous and capillary forces in larger scales. The simulation models were then used to predict the recovery response times for larger cores.

Modeling Chemical EOR Processes Using IMPEC and Fully IMPLICIT Reservoir Simulators

Author : Nariman Fathi Najafabadi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (852 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Chemical EOR Processes Using IMPEC and Fully IMPLICIT Reservoir Simulators by : Nariman Fathi Najafabadi

Download or read book Modeling Chemical EOR Processes Using IMPEC and Fully IMPLICIT Reservoir Simulators written by Nariman Fathi Najafabadi and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As easy target reservoirs are depleted around the world, the need for intelligent enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods increases. The first part of this work is focused on modeling aspects of novel chemical EOR methods for naturally fractured reservoirs (NFR) involving wettability modification towards more water wet conditions. The wettability of preferentially oil wet carbonates can be modified to more water wet conditions using alkali and/or surfactant solutions. This helps the oil production by increasing the rate of spontaneous imbibition of water from fractures into the matrix. This novel method cannot be successfully implemented in the field unless all of the mechanisms involved in this process are fully understood. A wettability alteration model is developed and implemented in the chemical flooding simulator, UTCHEM. A combination of laboratory experimental results and modeling is then used to understand the mechanisms involved in this process and their relative importance. The second part of this work is focused on modeling surfactant/polymer floods using a fully implicit scheme. A fully implicit chemical flooding module with comprehensive oil/brine/surfactant phase behavior is developed and implemented in general purpose adaptive simulator, GPAS. GPAS is a fully implicit, parallel EOS compositional reservoir simulator developed at The University of Texas at Austin. The developed chemical flooding module is then validated against UTCHEM.

Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods for Unconventional Oil Reservoirs

Author : Dheiaa Alfarge
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128183446
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods for Unconventional Oil Reservoirs by : Dheiaa Alfarge

Download or read book Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods for Unconventional Oil Reservoirs written by Dheiaa Alfarge and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-09-09 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods for Unconventional Oil Reservoirs, Volume 67 provides important guidance on which EOR methods work in shale and tight oil reservoirs. This book helps readers learn the main fluid and rock properties of shale and tight reservoirs—which are the main target for EOR techniques—and understand the physical and chemical mechanisms for the injected EOR fluids to enhance oil recovery in shale and tight oil reservoirs. The book explains the effects of complex hydraulic fractures and natural fractures on the performance of each EOR technique. The book describes the parameters affecting obtained oil recovery by injecting different EOR methods in both the microscopic and macroscopic levels of ULR. This book also provides proxy models to associate the functionality of the improved oil recovery by injecting different EOR methods with different operating parameters, rock, and fluid properties. The book provides profesasionals working in the petroleum industry the know-how to conduct a successful project for different EOR methods in shale plays, while it also helps academics and students in understanding the basics and principles that make the performance of EOR methods so different in conventional reservoirs and unconventional formations. - Provides a general workflow for how to conduct a successful project for different EOR methods in these shale plays - Provides general guidelines for how to select the best EOR method according to the reservoir characteristics and wells stimulation criteria - Explains the basics and principles that make the performance of EOR methods so different in conventional reservoirs versus unconventional formations

Modeling Wettability Alteration Using Chemical EOR Processes in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Wettability Alteration Using Chemical EOR Processes in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs by :

Download or read book Modeling Wettability Alteration Using Chemical EOR Processes in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of our search is to develop a mechanistic simulation tool by adapting UTCHEM to model the wettability alteration in both conventional and naturally fractured reservoirs. This will be a unique simulator that can model surfactant floods in naturally fractured reservoir with coupling of wettability effects on relative permeabilities, capillary pressure, and capillary desaturation curves. The capability of wettability alteration will help us and others to better understand and predict the oil recovery mechanisms as a function of wettability in naturally fractured reservoirs. The lack of a reliable simulator for wettability alteration means that either the concept that has already been proven to be effective in the laboratory scale may never be applied commercially to increase oil production or the process must be tested in the field by trial and error and at large expense in time and money. The objective of Task 1 is to perform a literature survey to compile published data on relative permeability, capillary pressure, dispersion, interfacial tension, and capillary desaturation curve as a function of wettability to aid in the development of petrophysical property models as a function of wettability. The new models and correlations will be tested against published data. The models will then be implemented in the compositional chemical flooding reservoir simulator, UTCHEM. The objective of Task 2 is to understand the mechanisms and develop a correlation for the degree of wettability alteration based on published data. The objective of Task 3 is to validate the models and implementation against published data and to perform 3-D field-scale simulations to evaluate the impact of uncertainties in the fracture and matrix properties on surfactant alkaline and hot water floods.

Displacement Theory and Numerical Simulation of Hybrid Gas/chemical EOR Processes

Author : Mehran Mehrabi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (138 download)

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Book Synopsis Displacement Theory and Numerical Simulation of Hybrid Gas/chemical EOR Processes by : Mehran Mehrabi

Download or read book Displacement Theory and Numerical Simulation of Hybrid Gas/chemical EOR Processes written by Mehran Mehrabi and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid gas/chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques comprises gas and chemicals such as surfactant to improve oil recovery by improvement in displacement and/or sweep efficiencies. Design and modeling of these processes are challenging due to the inherent complexities of phenomena that may occur simultaneously. For example, in low-tension gas (LTG) flooding we inject gas and water with at least two types of surfactants, one as a foaming agent and another as a low-IFT agent. In this process, we may have the simultaneous flow of the four phases of water, oil, gas, and microemulsion. The gas phase may flow partly as foam and partly as free gas. Proper modeling of the foam flow, the phase behavior between the oil and gas, the phase behavior between the water, oil, and microemulsion and the interaction between different phases and their rheology and petrophysical properties are among the challenges of understanding and modeling this process. In this study we develop models, techniques and reservoir simulation codes to investigate different aspects of hybrid gas/chemical EOR processes. In this regard, we study the following subjects: 1) estimation of the parameters of foam models and the effect of porosity and permeability on the apparent viscosity of foam in porous media, 2) development of an algorithm for finding classical solutions to Riemann problems of three-phase flow of gas/foam, water, and oil, 3) development of a displacement theory for LTG flooding, and 4) development and implementation of a chemical-compositional model in an implicit pressure explicit concentration (IMPEC) reservoir simulator. The developed models and simulation codes can help engineers and practitioners with both the design and large scale simulation of hybrid gas/chemical processes

Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery

Author : Patrizio Raffa
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110640430
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery by : Patrizio Raffa

Download or read book Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery written by Patrizio Raffa and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-07-22 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims at presenting, describing, and summarizing the latest advances in polymer flooding regarding the chemical synthesis of the EOR agents and the numerical simulation of compositional models in porous media, including a description of the possible applications of nanotechnology acting as a booster of traditional chemical EOR processes. A large part of the world economy depends nowadays on non-renewable energy sources, most of them of fossil origin. Though the search for and the development of newer, greener, and more sustainable sources have been going on for the last decades, humanity is still fossil-fuel dependent. Primary and secondary oil recovery techniques merely produce up to a half of the Original Oil In Place. Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes are aimed at further increasing this value. Among these, chemical EOR techniques (including polymer flooding) present a great potential in low- and medium-viscosity oilfields. • Describes recent advances in chemical enhanced oil recovery. • Contains detailed description of polymer flooding and nanotechnology as promising boosting tools for EOR. • Includes both experimental and theoretical studies. About the Authors Patrizio Raffa is Assistant Professor at the University of Groningen. He focuses on design and synthesis of new polymeric materials optimized for industrial applications such as EOR, coatings and smart materials. He (co)authored about 40 articles in peer reviewed journals. Pablo Druetta works as lecturer at the University of Groningen (RUG) and as engineering consultant. He received his Ph.D. from RUG in 2018 and has been teaching at a graduate level for 15 years. His research focus lies on computational fluid dynamics (CFD).

Chemical Methods

Author : Abdolhossein Hemmati-Sarapardeh
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0128219327
Total Pages : 510 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Methods by : Abdolhossein Hemmati-Sarapardeh

Download or read book Chemical Methods written by Abdolhossein Hemmati-Sarapardeh and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical Methods, a new release in the Enhanced Oil Recovery series, helps engineers focus on the latest developments in one fast-growing area. Different techniques are described in addition to the latest technologies in data mining and hybrid processes. Beginning with an introduction to chemical concepts and polymer flooding, the book then focuses on more complex content, guiding readers into newer topics involving smart water injection and ionic liquids for EOR. Supported field case studies illustrate a bridge between research and practical application, thus making the book useful for academics and practicing engineers. This series delivers a multi-volume approach that addresses the latest research on various types of EOR. Supported by a full spectrum of contributors, this book gives petroleum engineers and researchers the latest developments and field applications to drive innovation for the future of energy. - Presents the latest research and practical applications specific to chemical enhanced oil recovery methods - Helps users understand new research on available technology, including chemical flooding specific to unconventional reservoirs and hybrid chemical options - Includes additional methods, such as data mining applications and economic and environmental considerations

Efficient Simulation of Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes

Author : Zhouyuan Zhu
Publisher : Stanford University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Efficient Simulation of Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes by : Zhouyuan Zhu

Download or read book Efficient Simulation of Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes written by Zhouyuan Zhu and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simulating thermal processes is usually computationally expensive because of the complexity of the problem and strong nonlinearities encountered. In this work, we explore novel and efficient simulation techniques to solve thermal enhanced oil recovery problems. We focus on two major topics: the extension of streamline simulation for thermal enhanced oil recovery and the efficient simulation of chemical reaction kinetics as applied to the in-situ combustion process. For thermal streamline simulation, we first study the extension to hot water flood processes, in which we have temperature induced viscosity changes and thermal volume changes. We first compute the pressure field on an Eulerian grid. We then solve for the advective parts of the mass balance and energy equations along the individual streamlines, accounting for the compressibility effects. At the end of each global time step, we account for the nonadvective terms on the Eulerian grid along with gravity using operator splitting. We test our streamline simulator and compare the results with a commercial thermal simulator. Sensitivity studies for compressibility, gravity and thermal conduction effects are presented. We further extended our thermal streamline simulation to steam flooding. Steam flooding exhibits large volume changes and compressibility associated with the phase behavior of steam, strong gravity segregation and override, and highly coupled energy and mass transport. To overcome these challenges we implement a novel pressure update along the streamlines, a Glowinski scheme operator splitting and a preliminary streamline/finite volume hybrid approach. We tested our streamline simulator on a series of test cases. We compared our thermal streamline results with those computed by a commercial thermal simulator for both accuracy and efficiency. For the cases investigated, we are able to retain solution accuracy, while reducing computational cost and gaining connectivity information from the streamlines. These aspects are useful for reservoir engineering purposes. In traditional thermal reactive reservoir simulation, mass and energy balance equations are solved numerically on discretized reservoir grid blocks. The reaction terms are calculated through Arrhenius kinetics using cell-averaged properties, such as averaged temperature and reactant concentrations. For the in-situ combustion process, the chemical reaction front is physically very narrow, typically a few inches thick. To capture accurately this front, centimeter-sized grids are required that are orders of magnitude smaller than the affordable grid block sizes for full field reservoir models. To solve this grid size effect problem, we propose a new method based on a non-Arrhenius reaction upscaling approach. We do not resolve the combustion front on the grid, but instead use a subgrid-scale model that captures the overall effects of the combustion reactions on flow and transport, i.e. the amount of heat released, the amount of oil burned and the reaction products generated. The subgrid-scale model is calibrated using fine-scale highly accurate numerical simulation and laboratory experiments. This approach significantly improves the computational speed of in-situ combustion simulation as compared to traditional methods. We propose the detailed procedures to implement this methodology in a field-scale simulator. Test cases illustrate the solution consistency when scaling up the grid sizes in multidimensional heterogeneous problems. The methodology is also applicable to other subsurface reactive flow modeling problems with fast chemical reactions and sharp fronts. Displacement front stability is a major concern in the design of all the enhanced oil recovery processes. Historically, premature combustion front break through has been an issue for field operations of in-situ combustion. In this work, we perform detailed analysis based on both analytical methods and numerical simulation. We identify the different flow regimes and several driving fronts in a typical 1D ISC process. For the ISC process in a conventional mobile heavy oil reservoir, we identify the most critical front as the front of steam plateau driving the cold oil bank. We discuss the five main contributors for this front stability/instability: viscous force, condensation, heat conduction, coke plugging and gravity. Detailed numerical tests are performed to test and rank the relative importance of all these different effects.

Phase Behavior and Compositional Simulation of Solvent EOR Processes in Unconventional Reservoirs

Author : Sajjad Sadeghi Neshat
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)

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Book Synopsis Phase Behavior and Compositional Simulation of Solvent EOR Processes in Unconventional Reservoirs by : Sajjad Sadeghi Neshat

Download or read book Phase Behavior and Compositional Simulation of Solvent EOR Processes in Unconventional Reservoirs written by Sajjad Sadeghi Neshat and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling technologies applied to unconventional resources have enabled very large increases in oil and gas production in the United States. While the initial production rate from new wells is often high, the rate of decline during the first year of production is also very high. The ultimate hydrocarbon recovery using current technology is estimated to be between 5 to 10%, which is very low compared to conventional oil reservoirs. These challenges have increased the demand for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in unconventional reservoirs. Unconventional reservoirs have very different properties than conventional reservoirs such as extremely low permeability, wide and complex pore size distributions, high total organic carbon (TOC), and high heterogeneity. New cost effective EOR methods consistent with these properties are needed. This research presents a new framework for phase behavior modeling and compositional simulation of solvent EOR in unconventional reservoirs (also called tight oil reservoirs). Several new physical models were developed for this purpose. The new developments include a three-phase capillary pressure model, a phase stability method for multi-component mixtures with capillary pressure, coupled three-phase flash and capillary pressure models, and a new oil characterization method for organic-rich reservoirs. These models improve petrophysical, thermodynamic, and transport modeling of unconventional reservoirs. All new models were implemented in UTCOMP, an equation-of-state compositional reservoir simulator. The simulator was used for design and optimization of solvent EOR processes in organic-rich tight oil reservoirs. The oil recovery using cyclic huff-n-puff injection of a variety of solvents such as natural gas, CO2, methanol and dimethyl ether (DME) was compared. DME has the best performance among all solvents considered in this research. At reservoir conditions, DME mixes with both water and hydrocarbon phases. This helps to remove water blockage as well as retrograde condensate in gas-condensate reservoirs. DME can also extract part of the bitumen in the rock, which does not flow by itself due to its extremely high viscosity. Since the recovery rate of DME is very high, it can be recycled and injected back into the reservoir to reduce its net cost

Development of a Four-phase Thermal-chemical Reservoir Simulator for Heavy Oil

Author : Hamid Reza Lashgari
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 782 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of a Four-phase Thermal-chemical Reservoir Simulator for Heavy Oil by : Hamid Reza Lashgari

Download or read book Development of a Four-phase Thermal-chemical Reservoir Simulator for Heavy Oil written by Hamid Reza Lashgari and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal and chemical recovery processes are important EOR methods used often by the oil and gas industry to improve recovery of heavy oil and high viscous oil reservoirs. Knowledge of underlying mechanisms and their modeling in numerical simulation are crucial for a comprehensive study as well as for an evaluation of field treatment. EOS-compositional, thermal, and blackoil reservoir simulators can handle gas (or steam)/oil/water equilibrium for a compressible multiphase flow. Also, a few three-phase chemical flooding reservoir simulators that have been recently developed can model the oil/water/microemulsion equilibrium state. However, an accurate phase behavior and fluid flow formulations are absent in the literature for the thermal chemical processes to capture four-phase equilibrium. On the other hand, numerical simulation of such four-phase model with complex phase behavior in the equilibrium condition between coexisting phases (oil/water/microemulsion/gas or steam) is challenging. Inter-phase mass transfer between coexisting phases and adsorption of components on rock should properly be modeled at the different pressure and temperature to conserve volume balance (e.g. vaporization), mass balance (e.g. condensation), and energy balance (e.g. latent heat). Therefore, efforts to study and understand the performance of these EOR processes using numerical simulation treatments are quite necessary and of utmost importance in the petroleum industry. This research focuses on the development of a robust four-phase reservoir simulator with coupled phase behaviors and modeling of different mechanisms pertaining to thermal and chemical recovery methods. Development and implementation of a four-phase thermal-chemical reservoir simulator is quite important in the study as well as the evaluation of an individual or hybrid EOR methods. In this dissertation, a mathematical formulation of multi (pseudo) component, four-phase fluid flow in porous media is developed for mass conservation equation. Subsequently, a new volume balance equation is obtained for pressure of compressible real mixtures. Hence, the pressure equation is derived by extending a black oil model to a pseudo-compositional model for a wide range of components (water, oil, surfactant, polymer, anion, cation, alcohol, and gas). Mass balance equations are then solved for each component in order to compute volumetric concentrations. In this formulation, we consider interphase mass transfer between oil and gas (steam and water) as well as microemulsion and gas (microemulsion and steam). These formulations are derived at reservoir conditions. These new formulations are a set of coupled, nonlinear partial differential equations. The equations are approximated by finite difference methods implemented in a chemical flooding reservoir simulator (UTCHEM), which was a three-phase slightly compressible simulator, using an implicit pressure and an explicit concentration method. In our flow model, a comprehensive phase behavior is required for considering interphase mass transfer and phase tracking. Therefore, a four-phase behavior model is developed for gas (or steam)/ oil/water /microemulsion coexisting at equilibrium. This model represents coupling of the solution gas or steam table methods with Hand's rule. Hand's rule is used to capture the equilibrium between surfactant, oil, and water components as a function of salinity and concentrations for oil/water/microemulsion phases. Therefore, interphase mass transfer between gas/oil or steam/water in the presence of the microemulsion phase and the equilibrium between phases are calculated accurately. In this research, the conservation of energy equation is derived from the first law of thermodynamics based on a few assumptions and simplifications for a four-phase fluid flow model. This energy balance equation considers latent heat effect in solving for temperature due to phase change between water and steam. Accordingly, this equation is linearized and then a sequential implicit scheme is used for calculation of temperature. We also implemented the electrical Joule-heating process, where a heavy oil reservoir is heated in-situ by dissipation of electrical energy to reduce the viscosity of oil. In order to model the electrical Joule-heating in the presence of a four-phase fluid flow, Maxwell classical electromagnetism equations are used in this development. The equations are simplified and assumed for low frequency electric field to obtain the conservation of electrical current equation and the Ohm's law. The conservation of electrical current and the Ohm's law are implemented using a finite difference method in a four-phase chemical flooding reservoir simulator (UTCHEM). The Joule heating rate due to dissipation of electrical energy is calculated and added to the energy equation as a source term. Finally, we applied the developed model for solving different case studies. Our simulation results reveal that our models can accurately and successfully model the hybrid thermal chemical processes in comparison to existing models and simulators.

Enhancement of a Compositional Reservoir Simulator, for Realistic Modeling of CO2 EOR Processes

Author : Melpakam G. Parthasarathy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (371 download)

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Book Synopsis Enhancement of a Compositional Reservoir Simulator, for Realistic Modeling of CO2 EOR Processes by : Melpakam G. Parthasarathy

Download or read book Enhancement of a Compositional Reservoir Simulator, for Realistic Modeling of CO2 EOR Processes written by Melpakam G. Parthasarathy and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Development of Adaptive Implicit Chemical and Compositional Reservoir Simulators

Author : Bruno Ramon Batista Fernandes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Adaptive Implicit Chemical and Compositional Reservoir Simulators by : Bruno Ramon Batista Fernandes

Download or read book Development of Adaptive Implicit Chemical and Compositional Reservoir Simulators written by Bruno Ramon Batista Fernandes and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reservoir simulators are important tools used in the oil industry for evaluating field opportunity, reservoir management, and reserve estimation. Such tools are based on complex physics and mathematics that require fast solution in order to provide better production scenarios and history matching. In this work, algorithms for solving the partial differential equations arising in modeling compositional miscible gas flooding and chemical EOR processes are presented. Herein, the algorithms presented are based on time discretization schemes known as IMPEC (Implicit Pressure explicit compositions), fully implicit and a combination of these two approaches known as adaptive implicit (AIM). The main goal of this work is to improve the performance of the simulations. For compositional miscible gas flooding, the following approaches are implemented: Natural variables, extensive global variables, and a novel intensive global variable fully implicit approach, an AIM from the literature, and a new AIM. The implementation considers Cartesian grids and fractured reservoirs using the embedded discrete fracture method. Additionally, all implementation considers up to four phases, which is novel for the adaptive implicit methods. For the chemical EOR the following formulations are developed: FI approaches (global variable, natural variable, and mixed variable) and a global variable adaptive implicit. All important features for polymer and surfactant flooding are considered. New models proposed in this work and in the literature to relative permeability, capillary desaturation curves, and critical micelle concentration are implemented to demonstrate the importance of handling the phase transition in order for the FI/AIM be successful in simulating real applications. In order to help the development of the aforementioned formulation an automatic differentiation tool was developed to reduce the timeframe for implementation. All the above formulations are implemented to Cartesian grids, but the global variables for chemical EOR is also implemented for corner point grids that can handle hanging nodes. We also develop a framework that can easily include any type of grid (Cartesian, corner point, unstructured) that is still under development. All the aforementioned formulations are included in two in-house simulators from The University of Texas at Austin named UTCOMPRS and UTCHEMRS. The results for both simulators are compared to the original IMPEC approaches of these simulators and to results of several commercial simulators. From the results, we can clearly observe that the new formulations proposed in this work not only are robust and improve the computational performance of the aforementioned simulators, but also have computational performance similar to the commercial simulators largely used in the oil industry

Enhanced Oil Recovery

Author : Vladimir Alvarado
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1856178560
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (561 download)

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Book Synopsis Enhanced Oil Recovery by : Vladimir Alvarado

Download or read book Enhanced Oil Recovery written by Vladimir Alvarado and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhanced-Oil Recovery (EOR) evaluations focused on asset acquisition or rejuvenation involve a combination of complex decisions, using different data sources. EOR projects have been traditionally associated with high CAPEX and OPEX, as well as high financial risk, which tend to limit the number of EOR projects launched. In this book, the authors propose workflows for EOR evaluations that account for different volumes and quality of information. This flexible workflow has been successfully applied to oil property evaluations and EOR feasibility studies in many oil reservoirs. The methodology associated with the workflow relies on traditional (look-up tables, XY correlations, etc.) and more advanced (data mining for analog reservoir search and geology indicators) screening methods, emphasizing identification of analogues to support decision making. The screening phase is combined with analytical or simplified numerical simulations to estimate full-field performance by using reservoir data-driven segmentation procedures. - Case Studies form Asia, Canada, Mexico, South America and the United States - Assets evaluated include reservoir types ranging from oil sands to condensate reservoirs - Different stages of development and information availability are discussed

Practical Enhanced Reservoir Engineering

Author : Abdus Satter
Publisher : Pennwell Books
ISBN 13 : 9781593700560
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Practical Enhanced Reservoir Engineering by : Abdus Satter

Download or read book Practical Enhanced Reservoir Engineering written by Abdus Satter and published by Pennwell Books. This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering reservoir engineering fundamentals, advanced reservoir related topics, reservoir simulation fundamentals, and problems and case studies from around the world, this guide is designed to aid students and professionals alike in their active and important roles throughout the reservoir life cycle.

Different Scales and Integration of Data in Reservoir Simulation

Author : Lina Hartanto
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 5 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (271 download)

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Book Synopsis Different Scales and Integration of Data in Reservoir Simulation by : Lina Hartanto

Download or read book Different Scales and Integration of Data in Reservoir Simulation written by Lina Hartanto and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term upscaling and determination of pseudo curves, or effective parameters, used on a coarse-scale simulation grid are related to the complex and extensive problems associated with reservoir studies. The primary strategy mainly focuses on having a good physical and practical understanding of the particular processes in question, and an appreciation of reservoir model sensitivities. Thus the building of the reservoir simulation models can be optimally determined. By concentrating on the modelling and upscaling gas injection for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) process, which includes Interfacial Tension (IFT) and the amicability effect, a new effective and efficient algorithm of upscaling will be investigated and determined by using several upscaled parameters. The sensitivities of these determined coarse scale parameters (i.e. porosity, absolute and relative permeability and capillary pressure), will also be studied through a history matching of the existing field.

Charles Blondin Collection

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Charles Blondin Collection by :

Download or read book Charles Blondin Collection written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collection contains clipping and photograph files.

A FRAMEWORK TO DESIGN AND OPTIMIZE CHEMICAL FLOODING PROCESSES.

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis A FRAMEWORK TO DESIGN AND OPTIMIZE CHEMICAL FLOODING PROCESSES. by :

Download or read book A FRAMEWORK TO DESIGN AND OPTIMIZE CHEMICAL FLOODING PROCESSES. written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this proposed research is to provide an efficient and user friendly simulation framework for screening and optimizing chemical/microbial enhanced oil recovery processes. The framework will include (1) a user friendly interface to identify the variables that have the most impact on oil recovery using the concept of experimental design and response surface maps, (2) UTCHEM reservoir simulator to perform the numerical simulations, and (3) an economic model that automatically imports the simulation production data to evaluate the profitability of a particular design. Such a reservoir simulation framework is not currently available to the oil industry. The objectives of Task 1 are to develop three primary modules representing reservoir, chemical, and well data. The modules will be interfaced with an already available experimental design model. The objective of the Task 2 is to incorporate UTCHEM reservoir simulator and the modules with the strategic variables and developing the response surface maps to identify the significant variables from each module. The objective of the Task 3 is to develop the economic model designed specifically for the chemical processes targeted in this proposal and interface the economic model with UTCHEM production output. Task 4 is on the validation of the framework and performing simulations of oil reservoirs to screen, design and optimize the chemical processes.