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Model Organisms In Aging Research Caenorhabditis Elegans
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Book Synopsis Model organisms in aging research: Caenorhabditis elegans by : Maria Olivia Casanueva
Download or read book Model organisms in aging research: Caenorhabditis elegans written by Maria Olivia Casanueva and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-01-11 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience by : Jerry J. Buccafusco
Download or read book Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience written by Jerry J. Buccafusco and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-08-29 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the most well-studied behavioral analyses of animal subjects to promote a better understanding of the effects of disease and the effects of new therapeutic treatments on human cognition, Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience provides a reference manual for molecular and cellular research scientists in both academia and the pharmaceutic
Book Synopsis Nematodes as Model Organisms by : Itamar Glazer
Download or read book Nematodes as Model Organisms written by Itamar Glazer and published by Cab International. This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nematodes, especially Caenorhabditis elegans have been used as a model for research in molecular biology since the 1960's. This is a much-needed update on research on fundamental processes in areas such as genetics, developmental biology, nutrition, toxicology, ecology, pharmacology and medicine"--
Book Synopsis A Living Model for Obesity and Aging Research by : Peiyi Shen
Download or read book A Living Model for Obesity and Aging Research written by Peiyi Shen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is a free-living nematode that has been extensively utilized as an animal model for the research involving aging and neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer and Parkinson, etc. Compared with the traditional animal models, this nematode possesses many benefits, such as small body size, short lifespan, complete sequenced genome and more than 65% of the genes associated with human diseases. All these characteristics enable this organism to be an ideal living system for obesity and aging studies. Piceatannol is a natural stilbene with many beneficial effects, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic activities, however, its role on fat accumulation and aging of whole organism is not known. Our results showed that piceatannol (50 and 100 [mu]M) significantly reduced fat accumulation of wild type worms grown in normal and high glucose conditions without altering the growth rate, worm length, pumping rate, or moving speed. The current study further indicated that piceatannol decreased the expression of sbp-1 (encodes an ortholog of mammalian sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein) and its target gene fasn-1 (encodes fatty acid synthase) as well as increased the expression of hosl-1 (encodes an ortholog of hormone-sensitive lipase) in glucose-treated worms. These data suggested that piceatannol reduced fat accumulation in C. elegans by suppression of genes involved in lipid synthesis and possibly through stimulation of lipolysis. Furthermore, piceatannol (50 and 100 [mu]M) significantly extended the lifespan of C. elegans and delayed the age-related decline of pumping rate and locomotive activity, and protected the worms from heat and oxidative stress. The current study further indicated that lifespan extension and enhanced stress resistance induced by piceatannol requires the insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway and sir-2.1 (encodes sirtuin). Research has shown that permethrin, a Type-I pyrethroid, increases triglyceride (fat) accumulation in adipocytes. Little is known, however, about any similar effect of deltamethrin, a Type-II pyrethroid, which produces a distinct syndrome of poisoning in mammals compared with permethrin. Our study indicated that deltamethrin (10 [mu]M) significantly increased the fat accumulation in wild type C. elegans and concomitantly reduced the total progeny number and locomotive activities in a dose-dependent manner. Deltamethrin increased fat accumulation via aak-2 (an ortholog of AMPK[alpha]) and nhr-49 (downstream target of aak-2 with function close to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-a) mediated mechanisms. The current study may have important implications in understanding effect of bioactive compounds as well as insecticides on the regulation of fat storage and healthy aging in humans.
Book Synopsis Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment by : National Research Council
Download or read book Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-12-21 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.
Book Synopsis The Molecular Genetics of Aging by : Siegfried Hekimi
Download or read book The Molecular Genetics of Aging written by Siegfried Hekimi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The molecular genetics of aging or life-span determination is an expanding field. One reason is because many people would consider it desirable if hu man life span could be extended. Indeed, it is difficult not to be fascinated by tales of the life and death of people who have succeeded in living a very long life. Because of this, we have placed at the head of this book the chapter by Perls et al. on Centenerians and the Genetics of Longevity. Perls and his coauthors convincingly argue that, while the average life expectancy might be mostly determined by environmental factors because the average person has an average genotype, extremely long life spans are genetically determined. Of course, studying humans to uncover the genetics of aging is not ideal, not so much because one cannot easily perform experiments as because they live such a long time. This is why most of this book describes the current state of research with model organisms such as yeast, worms, flies, and mice. J aswinski focuses on yeast and how metabolic activity and stress resistance affect the longevity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In the process, he discusses the concept of aging as applied to a unicellular organism such as yeast and the importance of metabolism and stress resistance for aging in all organisms.
Book Synopsis Comparative Biology of Aging by : Norman S. Wolf
Download or read book Comparative Biology of Aging written by Norman S. Wolf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-08 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: determined by an inability to move in response to touch. C. elegans develop through four larval stages following hatching and prior to adulthood. Adult C. elegans are reproductive for about the rst week of adulthood followed by approximately two weeks of post-reproductive adulthood prior to death. Life span is most commonly measured in the laboratory by maintaining the worms on the surface of a nutrie- agar medium (Nematode Growth Medium, NGM) with E. coli OP50 as the bacterial food source (REF). Alternative culture conditions have been described in liquid media; however, these are not widely used for longevity studies. Longevity of the commonly used wild type C. elegans hermaphrodite (N2) varies ? from 16 to 23 days under standard laboratory conditions (20 C, NGM agar, E. coli OP50 food source). Life span can be increased by maintaining animals at lower ambient temperatures and shortened by raising the ambient temperature. Use of a killed bacterial food source, rather than live E. coli, increases lifespan by 2–4 days, and growth of adult animals in the absence of bacteria (axenic growth or bac- rial deprivation) increases median life span to 32–38 days [3, 23, 24]. Under both standard laboratory conditions and bacterial deprivation conditions, wild-derived C. elegans hermaphrodites exhibit longevity comparable to N2 animals [25].
Book Synopsis Longevity, Senescence, and the Genome by : Caleb E. Finch
Download or read book Longevity, Senescence, and the Genome written by Caleb E. Finch and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1994-05-16 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring extensive references, updated for this paperback edition, Longevity, Senescence, and the Genome constitutes a landmark contribution to biomedicine and the evolutionary biology of aging. To enhance gerontology's focus on human age-related dysfunctions, Caleb E. Finch provides a comparative review of all the phyla of organisms, broadening gerontology to intersect with behavioral, developmental, evolutionary, and molecular biology. By comparing species that have different developmental and life spans, Finch proposes an original typology of senescence from rapid to gradual to negligible, and he provides the first multiphyletic calculations of mortality rate constants.
Book Synopsis Longitudinal Studies of Caenorhabditis Elegans Aging and Behavior Using a Microfabricated Multi-well Device by : Matthew Alexander Churgin
Download or read book Longitudinal Studies of Caenorhabditis Elegans Aging and Behavior Using a Microfabricated Multi-well Device written by Matthew Alexander Churgin and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The roundworm C. elegans is a powerful model organism for dissecting the genetics of behavior and aging. The central genetic pathways regulating lifespan, such as insulin signaling, were first identified in worms. C. elegans is also the only animal for which a full map of all neural synpatic connections, or connectome, exists. However, current manual and automated methods are unable to efficiently monitor and quantify behavioral phenotypes which unfold over long time scales. Therefore, it has been difficult to study phenotypes such as long-term behavior states and behavioral changes with age in worms. To address these limitations, here I describe a novel device, called the WorMotel, to longitudinally monitor behavior in up to 240 single C. elegans on time scales encompassing the worm's maximum lifespan of two months. The WorMotel is fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane from a 3-D printed negative mold. Each device consists of 240 individual wells, each of which houses a single worm atop agar and bacterial food. I use custom software to quantify movement between frames to longitudinally monitor behavior for each animal. I first describe the application of the WorMotel to the automation of lifespan measurements in C. elegans, the characterization of intra-strain and inter-strain variability in behavioral decline, the relationship between behavior and lifespan, and the scaling of behavioral decline with increasing stress. I then describe the application of the WorMotel to quantify locomotive behavioral states and their modulation by the presence or absence of food as well as biogenic amine neurotransmitters. Using the WorMotel in combination with genetics and pharmacology, I outline a neural circuit by which the biogenic amines serotonin and octopamine regulate locomotion state to signal animals to adopt behavior appropriate to a fed and fasting state, respectively. I include protocols for construction of custom imaging rigs and requirements for long-term imaging as an appendix. The WorMotel is a powerful tool that can facilitate discovery and understanding of the mechanisms underlying long-term phenotypes such as behavioral states and aging.
Book Synopsis The Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans by : William Barry Wood
Download or read book The Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans written by William Barry Wood and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ageing: Lessons from C. elegans by : Anders Olsen
Download or read book Ageing: Lessons from C. elegans written by Anders Olsen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-06 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together in one volume the current state of ageing research in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The authors are leading researchers in the field, placing this topic in the context of human ageing, describing how and why basic discoveries in this simple organism have impacted our prospects for intervention in the ageing process. The authors cover a broad range of topics with regards to organismal and reproductive ageing including anatomical, physiological and biochemical changes, as well as genetic and environmental interventions that promote longevity and ameliorate age-related disease. Ageing is the single most important factor determining the onset of human disease in developed countries. With current worldwide demographic trends indicating that the number of individuals over the age of 65 will continue to rise, it is clear that an understanding of the processes that underpin ageing and age-related disease represents a key challenge in the biomedical sciences. In recent years there have been huge advances in our understanding of the ageing process and many of these have stemmed from genetic analysis of C. elegans. With no analogous book in this subject area this work will be of interest to a wide audience, ranging from academic researchers to the general public.
Download or read book C. Elegans II written by Donald L. Riddle and published by Firefly Books. This book was released on 1997 with total page 1252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Defines the current status of research in the genetics, anatomy, and development of the nematode C. elegans, providing a detailed molecular explanation of how development is regulated and how the nervous system specifies varied aspects of behavior. Contains sections on the genome, development, neural networks and behavior, and life history and evolution. Appendices offer genetic nomenclature, a list of laboratory strain and allele designations, skeleton genetic maps, a list of characterized genes, a table of neurotransmitter assignments for specific neurons, and information on codon usage. Includes bandw photos. For researchers in worm studies, as well as the wider community of researchers in cell and molecular biology. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis POTENTIAL NEW AGING MODEL SCHMIDTEA MEDITERRANEA UNDERGOES GRADUAL SENESCENCE, EXPERIENCES ACCELERATED SENESCENCE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE. by : David Bertin
Download or read book POTENTIAL NEW AGING MODEL SCHMIDTEA MEDITERRANEA UNDERGOES GRADUAL SENESCENCE, EXPERIENCES ACCELERATED SENESCENCE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE. written by David Bertin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Caenorhabditis Elegans by : Henry F. Epstein
Download or read book Caenorhabditis Elegans written by Henry F. Epstein and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first of its kind, this laboratory handbook emphasizes diverse methods and technologies needed to investigate C. elegans, both as an integrated organism and as a model system for research inquiries in cell, developmental, and molecular biology, as well as in genetics and pharmacology. Four primary sections--Genetic and Culture Methods, Neurobiology, Cell and Molecular Biology, and Genomics and Informatics--reflect the cross-disciplinary nature of C. elegans research. Because C. elegans is a simple and malleable organism with a small genome and few cell types, it provides an elegant demonstr.
Book Synopsis Fluorescent Nanodiamonds by : Huan-Cheng Chang
Download or read book Fluorescent Nanodiamonds written by Huan-Cheng Chang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most comprehensive reference on fluorescent nanodiamond physical and chemical properties and contemporary applications Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) have drawn a great deal of attention over the past several years, and their applications and development potential are proving to be manifold and vast. The first and only book of its kind, Fluorescent Nanodiamonds is a comprehensive guide to the basic science and technical information needed to fully understand the fundamentals of FNDs and their potential applications across an array of domains. In demonstrating the importance of FNDs in biological applications, the authors bring together all relevant chemistry, physics, materials science and biology. Nanodiamonds are produced by powerful cataclysmic events such as explosions, volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts. They also can be created in the lab by high-pressure high-temperature treatment of graphite or detonating an explosive in a reactor vessel. A single imperfection can give a nanodiamond a specific, isolated color center which allows it to function as a single, trapped atom. Much smaller than the thickness of a human hair, a nanodiamond can have a huge surface area that allows it to bond with a variety of other materials. Because of their non-toxicity, nanodiamonds may be useful in biomedical applications, such as drug delivery and gene therapy. The most comprehensive reference on a topic of rapidly increasing interest among academic and industrial researchers across an array of fields Includes numerous case studies and practical examples from many areas of research and industrial applications, as well as fascinating and instructive historical perspectives Each chapter addresses, in-depth, a single integral topic including the fundamental properties, synthesis, mechanisms and functionalisation of FNDs The first book published by the key patent holder with his research group in the field of FNDs Fluorescent Nanodiamonds is an important working resource for a broad range of scientists and engineers in industry and academia. It will also be a welcome reference for instructors in chemistry, physics, materials science, biology and related fields.
Book Synopsis Aging of Organisms by : Heinz Osiewacz
Download or read book Aging of Organisms written by Heinz Osiewacz and published by Taylor & Francis US. This book was released on 2003-10-31 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Volume of the Series is devoted to aging at the organismic level. Different levels of organisation, ranging from single cell organisms (yeast) to humans are included. In addition to the currently most important model systems like yeast, filamentous fungi, Caenorabditis elegans, flies and mice, other systems like sponges and plants are discussed. Most importantly, research using different aging models can be expected to unravel the most important basic mechanisms of aging that are conserved in all species. In addition, a critical discussion of what can be expected from this kind of strategy for the understanding of aging in humans is included. This book serves as excellent reading for graduate students, scientists in Medical Research, Medical doctors, researchers in pharmacological fields, researchers, biologists, and experts of this area.
Book Synopsis Model Animals in Neuroendocrinology by : Mike Ludwig
Download or read book Model Animals in Neuroendocrinology written by Mike Ludwig and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-05 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Model Animals in Neuroendocrinology: From Worm to Mouse to Man offers a masterclass on the opportunities that different model animals offer to the basic understanding of neuroendocrine functions and mechanisms of action and the implications of this understanding. The authors review recent advances in the field emanating from studies involving a variety of animal models, molecular genetics, imaging technologies, and behavior assays. These studies helped unravel mechanisms underlying the development and function of neuroendocrine systems. The book highlights how studies in a variety of model animals, including, invertebrates, fish, birds, rodents and mammals has contributed to our understanding of neuroendocrinology. Model Animals in Neuroendocrinology provides students, scientists and practitioners with a contemporary account of what can be learnt about the functions of neuroendocrine systems from studies across animal taxonomy. This is the seventh volume in the Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology Series, a co-publication between Wiley and the INF (International Neuroendocrine Federation) that aims to illustrate highest standards and encourage the use of the latest technologies in basic and clinical research and hopes to provide inspiration for further exploration into the exciting field of neuroendocrinology.
