Mobile Genetic Elements In Cellular Differentiation Genome Stability And Cancer

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Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer

Author : Tammy A. Morrish
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889453898
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer by : Tammy A. Morrish

Download or read book Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer written by Tammy A. Morrish and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-01-16 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human genome, as with the genome of most organisms, is comprised of various types of mobile genetic element derived repeats. Mobile genetic elements that mobilize by an RNA intermediate, include both autonomous and non-autonomous retrotransposons, and mobilize by a “copy and paste” mechanism that relies of the presence of a functional reverse transcriptase activity. The extent to which these different types of elements are actively mobilizing varies among organisms, as revealed with the advent of Next Generation DNA sequencing (NGS). To understand the normal and aberrant mechanisms that impact the mobility of these elements requires a more extensive understanding of how these elements interact with molecular pathways of the cell, including DNA repair, recombination and chromatin. In addition, epigenetic based-mechanisms can also influence the mobility of these elements, likely by transcriptional activation or repression in certain cell types. Studies regarding how mobile genetic elements interface and evolve with these pathways will rely on genomic studies from various model organisms. In addition, the mechanistic details of how these elements are regulated will continue to be elucidated with the use of genetic, biochemical, molecular, cellular, and bioinformatic approaches. Remarkably, the current understanding regarding the biology of these elements in the human genome, suggests these elements may impact developmental biology, including cellular differentiation, neuronal development, and immune function. Thus, aberrant changes in these molecular pathways may also impact disease, including neuronal degeneration, autoimmunity, and cancer.

Molecular Biology of the Cell

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780815332183
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Biology of the Cell by :

Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Systems Biology of Cancer

Author : Sam Thiagalingam
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521493390
Total Pages : 597 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Systems Biology of Cancer by : Sam Thiagalingam

Download or read book Systems Biology of Cancer written by Sam Thiagalingam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the current systems biology-based knowledge and the experimental approaches for deciphering the biological basis of cancer.

RNA Exosome

Author : Torben Heick Jensen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441978410
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis RNA Exosome by : Torben Heick Jensen

Download or read book RNA Exosome written by Torben Heick Jensen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-29 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diversity of RNAs inside living cells is amazing. We have known of the more “classic” RNA species: mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA for some time now, but in a steady stream new types of molecules are being described as it is becoming clear that most of the genomic information of cells ends up in RNA. To deal with the enormous load of resulting RNA processing and degradation reactions, cells need adequate and efficient molecular machines. The RNA exosome is arising as a major facilitator to this effect. Structural and functional data gathered over the last decade have illustrated the biochemical importance of this multimeric complex and its many co-factors, revealing its enormous regulatory power. By gathering some of the most prominent researchers in the exosome field, it is the aim of this volume to introduce this fascinating protein complex as well as to give a timely and rich account of its many functions. The exosome was discovered more than a decade ago by Phil Mitchell and David Tollervey by its ability to trim the 3’end of yeast, S. cerevisiae, 5. 8S rRNA. In a historic account they laid out the events surrounding this identification and the subsequent birth of the research field. In the chapter by Kurt Januszyk and Christopher Lima the structural organization of eukaryotic exosomes and their evolutionary counterparts in bacteria and archaea are discussed in large part through presentation of structures.

The DNA Damage Response: Implications on Cancer Formation and Treatment

Author : Kum Kum Khanna
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048125618
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis The DNA Damage Response: Implications on Cancer Formation and Treatment by : Kum Kum Khanna

Download or read book The DNA Damage Response: Implications on Cancer Formation and Treatment written by Kum Kum Khanna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-18 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ?eld of cellular responses to DNA damage has attained widespread recognition and interest in recent years commensurate with its fundamental role in the ma- tenance of genomic stability. These responses, which are essential to preventing cellular death or malignant transformation, are organized into a sophisticated s- tem designated the “DNA damage response”. This system operates in all living organisms to maintain genomic stability in the face of constant attacks on the DNA from a variety of endogenous by-products of normal metabolism, as well as exogenous agents such as radiation and toxic chemicals in the environment. The response repairs DNA damage via an intricate cellular signal transduction network that coordinates with various processes such as regulation of DNA replication, tr- scriptional responses, and temporary cell cycle arrest to allow the repair to take place. Defects in this system result in severe genetic disorders involving tissue degeneration, sensitivity to speci?c damaging agents, immunode?ciency, genomic instability, cancer predisposition and premature aging. The ?nding that many of the crucial players involved in DNA damage response are structurally and functionally conserved in different species spurred discoveries of new players through similar analyses in yeast and mammals. We now understand the chain of events that leads to instantaneous activation of the massive cellular responses to DNA lesions. This book summarizes several new concepts in this rapidly evolving ?eld, and the advances in our understanding of the complex network of processes that respond to DNA damage.

Telomeres and Telomerase in Cancer

Author : Keiko Hiyama
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1603278796
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Telomeres and Telomerase in Cancer by : Keiko Hiyama

Download or read book Telomeres and Telomerase in Cancer written by Keiko Hiyama and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-18 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Telomerase, an enzyme that maintains telomeres and endows eukaryotic cells with immortality, was first discovered in tetrahymena in 1985. In 1990s, it was proven that this enzyme also plays a key role in the infinite proliferation of human cancer cells. Now telomere and telomerase are widely accepted as important factors involved in cancer biology, and as promising diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets. Recently, role of telomerase in “cancer stem cells” has become another attractive story. Until now, there are several good books on telomere and telomerase focusing on biology in ciliates, yeasts, and mouse or basic sciences in human, providing basic scientists or students with updated knowledge.

Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine

Author : Robert C. Bast, Jr.
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111900084X
Total Pages : 2004 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine by : Robert C. Bast, Jr.

Download or read book Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine written by Robert C. Bast, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 2004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates

Chromosomal Instability in Cancer Cells

Author : B. Michael Ghadimi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331920291X
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Chromosomal Instability in Cancer Cells by : B. Michael Ghadimi

Download or read book Chromosomal Instability in Cancer Cells written by B. Michael Ghadimi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue of Recent Results in Cancer Research presents a comprehensive review of current understanding of chromosomal instability in cancer and of strategies to use this information for better treatment of patients with cancer. Cancer is a disease of the chromosomes, and chromosomal instability in cancer disrupts gene function by either inactivating tumor suppressor genes or activating growth-promoting oncogenes. The chromosomal basis for these aberrations is either translocations, which change the integrity of genes, or abnormal numbers of chromosomes, a condition referred to as aneuploidy, which results in abnormal gene expression levels. Such structural or numerical chromosomal aberrations are specific for distinct tumor entities. The degree of chromosomal instability and the degree of intratumor heterogeneity have profound consequences for disease outcome and for therapeutic stratification.

DNA Recombination and Repair

Author : Paul James Smith
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA Recombination and Repair by : Paul James Smith

Download or read book DNA Recombination and Repair written by Paul James Smith and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The processes of DNA recombination and repair are vital to cell integrity - an error can lead to disease such as cancer. It is therefore a large and exciting area of research and is also taught on postgraduate and undergraduate courses. This book is not a comprehensive view of the field, but a selection of the issues currently at the forefront of knowledge.

Breast Cancer Biology

Author : Dil Afroze
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789239613
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)

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Book Synopsis Breast Cancer Biology by : Dil Afroze

Download or read book Breast Cancer Biology written by Dil Afroze and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-07-08 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of breast cancer biology. It is a complete and descriptive reference on motioning pathways and new treatment options for the future transnational scientists and clinicians working on cancer research and treatment. We greatly appreciate the work of all the contributors to this book. They have brought with them tremendous diversity of perspectives and fields, which is truly reflective of the complexity of the topic, and they have come together in this project to serve as the node of multidisciplinary collaboration in this field. Finally, we must acknowledge the thousands of cancer patients who have participated in the studies, and who have inspired us to gather information to significantly progress knowledge in the field in recent years.

Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies
ISBN 13 : 0309039959
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation by : National Research Council

Download or read book Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1990-02-01 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reevaluates the health risks of ionizing radiation in light of data that have become available since the 1980 report on this subject was published. The data include new, much more reliable dose estimates for the A-bomb survivors, the results of an additional 14 years of follow-up of the survivors for cancer mortality, recent results of follow-up studies of persons irradiated for medical purposes, and results of relevant experiments with laboratory animals and cultured cells. It analyzes the data in terms of risk estimates for specific organs in relation to dose and time after exposure, and compares radiation effects between Japanese and Western populations.

Inside the Human Genome

Author : John C. Avise
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190453079
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Inside the Human Genome by : John C. Avise

Download or read book Inside the Human Genome written by John C. Avise and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-02-12 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humanity's physical design flaws have long been apparent--we get hemorrhoids and impacted wisdom teeth, for instance--but do the imperfections extend down to the level of our genes? Inside the Human Genome is the first book to examine the philosophical question of why, from the perspectives of biochemistry and molecular genetics, flaws exist in the biological world. Distinguished evolutionary geneticist John Avise offers a panoramic yet penetrating exploration of the many gross deficiencies in human DNA--ranging from mutational defects to built-in design faults--while at the same time offering a comprehensive treatment of recent findings about the human genome. The author shows that the overwhelming scientific evidence for genomic imperfection provides a compelling counterargument to intelligent design. He also develops a case that theologians should welcome rather than disavow these discoveries. The evolutionary sciences can help mainstream religions escape the shackles of Intelligent Design, and thereby return religion to its rightful realm--not as the secular interpreter of the biological minutiae of our physical existence, but rather as a respectable philosophical counselor on grander matters of ultimate concern.

Molecular Biology and Pathogenicity of Mycoplasmas

Author : Shmuel Razin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0306476061
Total Pages : 574 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Biology and Pathogenicity of Mycoplasmas by : Shmuel Razin

Download or read book Molecular Biology and Pathogenicity of Mycoplasmas written by Shmuel Razin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: was the result of the efforts of Robert Cleverdon. The rapidly developing discipline of molecular biology and the rapidly expanding knowledge of the PPLO were brought together at this meeting. In addition to the PPLO specialists, the conference invited Julius Marmur to compare PPLO DNA to DNA of other organisms; David Garfinkel, who was one of the first to develop computer models of metabolism; Cyrus Levinthal to talk about coding; and Henry Quastler to discuss information theory constraints on very small cells. The conference was an announcement of the role of PPLO in the fundamental understanding of molecular biology. Looking back 40-some years to the Connecticut meeting, it was a rather bold enterprise. The meeting was international and inter-disciplinary and began a series of important collaborations with influences resonating down to the present. If I may be allowed a personal remark, it was where I first met Shmuel Razin, who has been a leading figure in the emerging mycoplasma research and a good friend. This present volume is in some ways the fulfillment of the promise of that early meeting. It is an example of the collaborative work of scientists in building an understanding of fundamental aspects of biology.

Staghorn Corals of the World

Author : Carden C. Wallace
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
ISBN 13 : 9780643063914
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (639 download)

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Book Synopsis Staghorn Corals of the World by : Carden C. Wallace

Download or read book Staghorn Corals of the World written by Carden C. Wallace and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 1999 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Staghorn corals (genus Acropora) are the most obvious and important corals on coral reefs throughout the world, providing much of the beauty and variety seen on the reefs. This invaluable reference tool is the first major review of Acropora in over 100 years. It assesses all the known species worldwide, describing each in detail and illustrating the range of variability of form with habitat and geographic location. The classification, evolution and worldwide distribution of all species are reviewed and illustrated with colour plates, full page black and white plates and distribution maps. Details of the general biology of staghorn corals are discussed and illustrated. The book is complemented by a CD-ROM, Staghorn Corals of the World: A Key to Species of Acropora, containing a LucID-based key to all species of Acropora and a photo library of type specimens from museums around the world. Special Offer: Staghorn Corals of the World book and CD-ROM set for only $220.00.

Genome Chaos

Author : Henry H. Heng
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128136367
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Genome Chaos by : Henry H. Heng

Download or read book Genome Chaos written by Henry H. Heng and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-05-25 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genome Chaos: Rethinking Genetics, Evolution, and Molecular Medicine transports readers from Mendelian Genetics to 4D-genomics, building a case for genes and genomes as distinct biological entities, and positing that the genome, rather than individual genes, defines system inheritance and represents a clear unit of selection for macro-evolution. In authoring this thought-provoking text, Dr. Heng invigorates fresh discussions in genome theory and helps readers reevaluate their current understanding of human genetics, evolution, and new pathways for advancing molecular and precision medicine. - Bridges basic research and clinical application and provides a foundation for re-examining the results of large-scale omics studies and advancing molecular medicine - Gathers the most pressing questions in genomic and cytogenomic research - Offers alternative explanations to timely puzzles in the field - Contains eight evidence-based chapters that discuss 4d-genomics, genes and genomes as distinct biological entities, genome chaos and macro-cellular evolution, evolutionary cytogenetics and cancer, chromosomal coding and fuzzy inheritance, and more

Structure and Function of the Genetic Apparatus

Author : Claudio Nicolini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468450247
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Structure and Function of the Genetic Apparatus by : Claudio Nicolini

Download or read book Structure and Function of the Genetic Apparatus written by Claudio Nicolini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fourth Course of the International School of Pure and Applied Biostructure, a NATO Advanced Study Institute, was held September 18-31, 1983 at the Ettore Majorana Center for Scientific Culture in Erice, Sicily. The subject of the Fourth Course, which was co-sponsored by national and international agencies, was "Structure and Function of the Genetic "Appara tus. " Participants from 15 countries around the world attended the course. The study of the genetic apparatus is one of humanity's most challeng ing problems, and it has been approached in the tradition of the School from many different points of view, among them biochemistry, genetic eng ineering, cell biology, oncology, biophysics and other fields. It has been most difficult to confine such diverse points of view, as well as their pro ponents, within the four walls of one room, in front of one audience - es pecially since the heterogeneity of background and the inherent difficul ties encountered in communication could overshadow the true spirit of sci entific exchange. We are once again pleased to say the outcome of the 1983 Course has matched the success of the previous course held in Erice on the same subject five years ago. This book is the result of the 1983 Advanced Study Institute, and aims to present a cohesive, interdisciplinary view of the current knowledge on the structure and fuction of the genetic apparatus.

The Origins of Genome Architecture

Author : Michael Lynch
Publisher : Sinauer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Genome Architecture by : Michael Lynch

Download or read book The Origins of Genome Architecture written by Michael Lynch and published by Sinauer. This book was released on 2007-06 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The availability of genomic blueprints for hundreds of species has led to a transformation in biology, encouraging the proliferation of adaptive arguments for the evolution of genomic features. This text explains why the details matter and presents a framework for how the architectural diversity of eukaryotic genomes and genes came to arise.