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Mitochondrial Dna And The Immuno Inflammatory Response New Frontiers To Control Specific Microbial Diseases
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Book Synopsis Mitochondrial DNA and the Immuno-inflammatory Response: New Frontiers to Control Specific Microbial Diseases by : Dilvani Oliveira Santos
Download or read book Mitochondrial DNA and the Immuno-inflammatory Response: New Frontiers to Control Specific Microbial Diseases written by Dilvani Oliveira Santos and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2022-08-02 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles that actively participate in the immune-inflammatory response in various pathologies. This volume updates readers on knowledge about mitochondria function. The editors have compiled six chapters about inflammation in its broadest sense, with contributions from active groups of cell biologists, infectologists and pathologists. The chapters in this volume focus on research related to five notable diseases: (1) two diseases (one bacterial and one viral) in which the exacerbation of the inflammatory response can lead to neuropathies: leprosy (one of the oldest diseases in the world) and Zika fever (a disease relatively new in Brazil) (2) three diseases (two bacterial and one viral) in which the exacerbation of the inflammatory response can lead to irreversible lung damage that can cause rapid death: tuberculosis, pneumonia and the most recent global disease, COVID- 19. New information about mitochondrial biology is presented, such as the effect of aerobic physical exercise as a stimulator for mitochondria multiplication, and the role of mitochondrial damage in inducing immune-inflammatory responses to pathogens. The contents shed light on mitochondrial biochemical pathways that could serve as potential therapeutic targets. This is an important reference for scholars (cell biologists, microbiologists) in universities, hospitals and scientific research centers working on biological and biomedical problems, and for health professionals involved in infection control.
Book Synopsis The Physiology of Inflammation – The Final Common Pathway to Disease by : Alexandrina Ferreira Mendes
Download or read book The Physiology of Inflammation – The Final Common Pathway to Disease written by Alexandrina Ferreira Mendes and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-02-20 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic diseases are increasingly recognized as involving low grade inflammation, that is, a self-perpetuating tissue response to stress caused by exogenous or endogenous triggers, that progressively evokes danger-associated molecular pattern release, ultimately driving tissue damage and loss of function. This response is frequently unapparent clinically, thus the designation "low grade". This eBook comprises nineteen reviews and original articles that provide the most updated knowledge on the causes and roles of this inflammatory response in a variety of diseases and conditions. The editorial that precedes these articles not only summarizes each one, but provides a broader interpretation of the role of inflammation in health and a variety of disease conditions, the underlying mechanisms and the targets more promising for therapy. Finally, it also highlights the most relevant and emerging research topics that are already shaping future directions for the development of more fine-tuned and innovative therapies.
Book Synopsis Bacterial Exotoxins: How Bacteria Fight the Immune System by : Inka Sastalla
Download or read book Bacterial Exotoxins: How Bacteria Fight the Immune System written by Inka Sastalla and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-10-07 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacterial pathogenicity factors are functionally diverse. They may facilitate the adhesion and colonization of bacteria, influence the host immune response, assist spreading of the bacterium by e.g. evading recognition by immune cells, or allow bacteria to dwell within protected niches inside the eukaryotic cell. Exotoxins can be single polypeptides or heteromeric protein complexes that act on different parts of the cells. At the cell surface, they may insert into the membrane to cause damage; bind to receptors to initiate their uptake; or facilitate the interaction with other cell types. For example, bacterial superantigens specifically bind to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II molecules on the surface of antigen presenting cells and the T cell receptor, while cytolysins cause pore formation. For intracellular activity, exotoxins need to be translocated across the eukaryotic membrane. Gram-negative bacteria can directly inject effector proteins in a receptor-independent manner by use of specialized needle apparatus such as bacterial type II, III, or type IV secretion systems. Other methods of translocation include the phagocytic uptake of bacteria followed by toxin secretion, or receptor-mediated endocytosis which allows the targeting of distinct cell types. Receptor-based uptake is initiated by the binding of heteromeric toxin complexes to the cell surface and completed by the translocation of the effector protein(s) across the endosomal membrane. In the cytosol, toxins interact with specific eukaryotic target proteins to cause post-translational modifications that often result in the manipulation of cellular signalling cascades and inflammatory responses. It has become evident that the actions of some bacterial toxins may exceed their originally assumed cytotoxic function. For example, pore-forming toxins do not only cause cytolysis, but may also induce autophagy, pyroptosis, or activation of the MAPK pathways, resulting in adjustment of the host immune response to infection and modification of inflammatory responses both locally and systemically. Other recently elucidated examples of the immunomodulatory function of cell death-inducing exotoxins include TcdB of Clostridium difficile which activates the inflammasome through modification of cellular Rho GTPases, or the Staphyloccocus d-toxin which activates mast cells. The goal of this research topic was to gather current knowledge on the interaction of bacterial exotoxins and effector proteins with the host immune system. The following 16 research and review articles in this special issue describe mechanisms of immune modification and evasion and provide an overview over the complexity of bacterial toxin interaction with different cells of the immune system.
Book Synopsis Structural Immunology of Molecular Innate Immunity by : Hyun Ho Park
Download or read book Structural Immunology of Molecular Innate Immunity written by Hyun Ho Park and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innate immunity has a critical role in the early stage of the host defense response by the timely recognition of pathogenic or danger signals by various cell surface or cytoplasmic receptors. This is followed by signal transduction via various adaptor and effector molecules. The main functions of innate immunity are to identify and remove the invading pathogens, to recruit various immune cells to the site of infection, and to prepare the adaptive immune response. The Innate immune system has been intensively studied for several decades and now we can begin to understand this system on a molecular level.
Book Synopsis New Trends in Vascular Inflammation Research: From Biology to Therapy by : Masanori Aikawa
Download or read book New Trends in Vascular Inflammation Research: From Biology to Therapy written by Masanori Aikawa and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure: Systemic Inflammation and Immunosuppression, 2nd edition by : Yu Shi
Download or read book Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure: Systemic Inflammation and Immunosuppression, 2nd edition written by Yu Shi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-08-29 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a fatal disease that develops in the basis of chronic liver diseases due to acute precipitating events. The lack of definite therapies for ACLF other than liver transplantation urges us to investigate its pathophysiological mechanism. It has been recognized that systemic inflammation is a major driver of ACLF. Although the link between systemic inflammation and organ failure has been established, less is known about how systemic inflammation forms and how it impacts on the organ functions. On the other hand, immunosuppression is another facet of immune derangement of ACLF, which leads to secondary bacterial infections and worsens the situation. However, so far, we know very little on the development of immunosuppression during ACLF and its molecular mechanisms. Thus, this disease is still a big challenge to both clinicians and researchers. The immune derangement of ACLF is characterized by systemic inflammation and immunosuppression. Therefore, one aspect of this Research Topics is to define the concept of systemic inflammation in the context of ACLF. We should clarify the anatomy of systemic inflammation, including the inducers (DAMP and PAMP), immune cells, cytokines and other elements, and their specific roles. We should also investigate how systemic inflammation impacts on organ function and thereby precipitates the development of organ failure. The other aspect of this Research Topic is to delineate immunosuppression in ACLF. Likewise, we need to define immunosuppression by elucidating its causative mechanisms and uncover the specific stage of ACLF at which immunosuppression occurs. Besides, it is essential to further evaluate the impact of immunosuppression on the progression of ACLF. The investigation at these two facets of immune derangement of ACLF will lead to the discovery of biomarkers and potential therapeutical targets.
Book Synopsis The Immunological Consequences of Regulated Cell Death in Infection and Inflammation by : Bart Tummers
Download or read book The Immunological Consequences of Regulated Cell Death in Infection and Inflammation written by Bart Tummers and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-14 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Immune Responses to Persistent or Recurrent Antigens: Implications for Immunological Memory and Immunotherapy by : Alejandra Pera
Download or read book Immune Responses to Persistent or Recurrent Antigens: Implications for Immunological Memory and Immunotherapy written by Alejandra Pera and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-04-22 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interdependencies and Interfaces in Bone Regeneration - The Immune System at its Core by : Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
Download or read book Interdependencies and Interfaces in Bone Regeneration - The Immune System at its Core written by Katharina Schmidt-Bleek and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-03-19 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mitochondrial Function by : William S. Allison
Download or read book Mitochondrial Function written by William S. Allison and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Microbiome in Human Health and Disease by : Pallaval Veera Bramhachari
Download or read book Microbiome in Human Health and Disease written by Pallaval Veera Bramhachari and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-18 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an overview on how the microbiome contributes to human health and disease. The microbiome has also become a burgeoning field of research in medicine, agriculture & environment. The readers will obtain profound knowledge on the connection between intestinal microbiota and immune defense systems, medicine, agriculture & environment. The book may address several researchers, clinicians and scholars working in biomedicine, microbiology and immunology. The application of new technologies has no doubt revolutionized the research initiatives providing new insights into the dynamics of these complex microbial communities and their role in medicine, agriculture & environment shall be more emphasized. Drawing on broad range concepts of disciplines and model systems, this book primarily provides a conceptual framework for understanding these human-microbe, animal-microbe & plant-microbe, interactions while shedding critical light on the scientific challenges that lie ahead. Furthermore this book explains why microbiome research demands a creative and interdisciplinary thinking—the capacity to combine microbiology with human, animal and plant physiology, ecological theory with immunology, and evolutionary perspectives with metabolic science.This book provides an accessible and authoritative guide to the fundamental principles of microbiome science, an exciting and fast-emerging new discipline that is reshaping many aspects of the life sciences. These microbial partners can also drive ecologically important traits, from thermal tolerance to diet in a typical immune system, and have contributed to animal and plant diversification over long evolutionary timescales. Also this book explains why microbiome research presents a more complete picture of the biology of humans and other animals, and how it can deliver novel therapies for human health and new strategies.
Book Synopsis Immunology of machine perfused organs and tissues by : Theresa Hautz
Download or read book Immunology of machine perfused organs and tissues written by Theresa Hautz and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-01-06 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis NLR-protein functions in immunity by : Thomas A. Kufer
Download or read book NLR-protein functions in immunity written by Thomas A. Kufer and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-07-08 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nod-like receptor (NLR) family of proteins are evolutionary conserved molecules that in plants and mammals have been implicated in innate immune sensing of microbes and infection-associated physiological changes, contributing to immune protection of the challenged host organism through the instruction of inflammatory responses, antimicrobial defense and adaptive immunity. Recent data however suggests that the biological roles of NLR go beyond the function of classical pattern recognition molecules (PRM) as they have been implicated in essential cellular processes including autophagy, apoptosis, modification of signal transduction and gene transcription as well as reproductive biology. In this research topic, we aim to provide a comprehensive state-of the art overview of the emerging functions of NLR in plant and mammalian immunity, cell biology and reproductive biology. Potential topics may include, but are not limited to the following areas: • Functions of NLRs as PRMs in infection • Cross-talk of NLRs with other PRMs • Signal transduction pathways of NLRs • New functions of NLRs other than pattern recognition • Structural aspects of NLR activation • Mechanisms of NLRs in cell biological processes • Aspects of NLRs in reproductive biology • Functions of NLRs in plant immune responses
Book Synopsis Advances in Geroscience by : Felipe Sierra
Download or read book Advances in Geroscience written by Felipe Sierra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-10 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive overview of a new scientific discipline termed Geroscience. Geroscience examines the molecular and cellular mechanisms that might explain why aging is the main risk factor for most chronic diseases affecting the elderly population. Over the past few decades, researchers have made impressive progress in understanding the genetics, biology and physiology of aging. This book presents vital research that can help readers to better understand how aging is a critical malleable risk factor in most chronic diseases, which, in turn, could lead to interventions that can help increase a healthy lifespan, or ‘healthspan.’ The book begins with an analysis of the Geroscience hypothesis, as well as the epidemiological underpinnings that define aging as a candidate main risk factor for most chronic diseases. Next, each chapter focuses on one particular disease, or group of diseases, with an emphasis on how basic molecular and cellular biology might explain why aging is a major risk factor for it. Coverage in the book includes: cancer, cardiovascular disease, dementias, stroke, Parkinson's and Alzheimer’s diseases, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes asthma, emphysema, kidney disease, vision impairment, and AIDS/HIV. It finishes with a chapter on pain in the elderly and an overview of future steps needed to bring the newly acquired knowledge into the clinic and the public at large.
Book Synopsis Mitochondrial Dysfunction by : Lawrence H. Lash
Download or read book Mitochondrial Dysfunction written by Lawrence H. Lash and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods in Toxicology, Volume 2: Mitochondrial Dysfunction provides a source of methods, techniques, and experimental approaches for studying the role of abnormal mitochondrial function in cell injury. The book discusses the methods for the preparation and basic functional assessment of mitochondria from liver, kidney, muscle, and brain; the methods for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in intact organs; and the structural aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction are addressed. The text also describes chemical detoxification and metabolism as well as specific metabolic reactions that are especially important targets or indicators of damage. The methods for measurement of alterations in fatty acid and phospholipid metabolism and for the analysis and manipulation of oxidative injury and antioxidant systems are also considered. The book further tackles additional methods on mitochondrial energetics and transport processes; approaches for assessing impaired function of mitochondria; and genetic and developmental aspects of mitochondrial disease and toxicology. The text also looks into mitochondrial DNA synthesis, covalent binding to mitochondrial DNA, DNA repair, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of developing individuals and cellular differentiation. Microbiologists, toxicologists, biochemists, and molecular pharmacologists will find the book invaluable.
Book Synopsis Drug Repurposing for COVID-19 Therapy by : Filippo Drago
Download or read book Drug Repurposing for COVID-19 Therapy written by Filippo Drago and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-10-14 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Resolution of Inflammation by : Adriano Rossi
Download or read book The Resolution of Inflammation written by Adriano Rossi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-17 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with an up-to-date and comprehensive view on the resolution of inflammation and on new developments in this area, including pro-resolution mediators, apoptosis, macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells, possible novel drug developments.
