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Miniaturized Mass Spectrometer In Analysis Of Greenhouse Gases The Performance And Possibilities
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Download or read book Greenhouse Gases written by Guoxiang Liu and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2012-03-14 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding greenhouse gas sources, emissions, measurements, and management is essential for capture, utilization, reduction, and storage of greenhouse gas, which plays a crucial role in issues such as global warming and climate change. Taking advantage of the authors' experience in greenhouse gases, this book discusses an overview of recently developed techniques, methods, and strategies: - A comprehensive source investigation of greenhouse gases that are emitted from hydrocarbon reservoirs, vehicle transportation, agricultural landscapes, farms, non-cattle confined buildings, and so on. - Recently developed detection and measurement techniques and methods such as photoacoustic spectroscopy, landfill-based carbon dioxide and methane measurement, and miniaturized mass spectrometer.
Book Synopsis Miniaturized Mass Spectrometer in Analysis of Greenhouse Gases: The Performance and Possibilities by : Shuichi Shimma
Download or read book Miniaturized Mass Spectrometer in Analysis of Greenhouse Gases: The Performance and Possibilities written by Shuichi Shimma and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Greenhouse Gases written by Guoxiang Liu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-03-14 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding greenhouse gas sources, emissions, measurements, and management is essential for capture, utilization, reduction, and storage of greenhouse gas, which plays a crucial role in issues such as global warming and climate change. Taking advantage of the authors' experience in greenhouse gases, this book discusses an overview of recently developed techniques, methods, and strategies: - A comprehensive source investigation of greenhouse gases that are emitted from hydrocarbon reservoirs, vehicle transportation, agricultural landscapes, farms, non-cattle confined buildings, and so on. - Recently developed detection and measurement techniques and methods such as photoacoustic spectroscopy, landfill-based carbon dioxide and methane measurement, and miniaturized mass spectrometer.
Book Synopsis Miniaturization and Mass Spectrometry by : Séverine Le Gac
Download or read book Miniaturization and Mass Spectrometry written by Séverine Le Gac and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2009 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focussing on mass spectrometry, this book illustrates how microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip devices satisfy the need for miniaturized, enhanced chemical analysis.
Book Synopsis The Mass Spectrometer by : Frances L. Sachs
Download or read book The Mass Spectrometer written by Frances L. Sachs and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sub-miniature Double-focusing Mass Spectrometer for in Situ Environmental Monitoring and Application to Volcanic Gaseous Emissions by : Jorge Andrés Díaz Díaz
Download or read book Sub-miniature Double-focusing Mass Spectrometer for in Situ Environmental Monitoring and Application to Volcanic Gaseous Emissions written by Jorge Andrés Díaz Díaz and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of a Field Portable Mass Spectrometer for Quantitative Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Air by : Nicholas Davey
Download or read book Development of a Field Portable Mass Spectrometer for Quantitative Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Air written by Nicholas Davey and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The typical strategy for atmospheric analysis of volatile organic compounds(VOCs), is to collect discrete samples which are then transported to a laboratory foranalysis. This method has limited spatial and temporal resolution, and can be bothcostly and time consuming. To overcome these limitations, a mobile monitoringplatform was developed for real-time quantitative chemical analysis. This workdescribes the development of membrane introduction mass spectrometer andidenti es the necessary requirements to make a reliable and e ective instrument forin-situ chemical analysis. These include, the integration of a membrane interfacewith a miniaturized mass spectrometer, development of a data managementstrategy, reducing the e ects of isobaric interferences and employing an internalstandard for quantitative measurements. Furthermore, the negative e ects ofenvironmental variables, such as the Earth's magnetic eld, were examined ande ectively eliminated. In addition, this work demonstrates quantitative mapping ofatmospheric VOCs in real-time, which allows rapid identi cation of chemical plumesand therefore, areas of potential concern. Both lab and eld-based comparisons ofivmembrane introduction mass spectrometer data and traditional whole air samplingcanister data were undertaken. The primary eld site was near Ft. McMurray, ABwhere baseline data was collected around a steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD)facility and surrounding public roads. Monitoring for fugitive emissions at thisfacility and surrounding bitumen mining and processing operations is demonstrated.Field data were also obtained, near an industrial site in Ft.Saskatchewan, AB, thatdemonstrate the e cacy of an adaptive sampling strategy. Finally, chemicalionization was investigated as a soft ionization strategy to improve chemicalselectivity for the analysis of complex hydrocarbon mixtures. The development of anin-line liquid chemical ionization reagent delivery system is presented and proposedas an e ective strategy for eliminating interferences arising from biogenic terpenesand alkyl aromatics. In all, this thesis presents the design and implementation of amobile membrane introduction mass spectrometer for atmospheric chemicalanalysis. Results that improve performance and demonstrate the novelty of thedata-type are provided, along with avenues for future development.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa Publisher :Independently Published ISBN 13 :9781731353771 Total Pages :156 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (537 download)
Book Synopsis Design of an Improved Miniature Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer for NASA Applications by : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Download or read book Design of an Improved Miniature Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer for NASA Applications written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ion optics of NASA's Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer (INMS) sensor was simulated with three dimensional models of the open source, the quadrupole deflector, the exit lens system and the quadrupole mass analyzer to design more compact models with lower weight. Comparison of calculated transmission with experimental results shows good agreement. Transmission analyses with varying geometrical parameters and voltages throw light on possible ways of reducing the size of the sensor. Trajectories of ions of mass 1-99 amu were simulated to analyze and optimize transmission. Analysis of open source transmission with varying angle of attack shows that the angular acceptance can be considerably increased by programming the voltages on the ion trap/ collimator. Analysis of transmission sensitivity to voltages and misalignments of the quadrupole deflector rods indicate that increased transmission is possible with a geometrically asymmetrical deflector and a deflector can be designed with much lower sensitivities of transmission. Bringing the disks closer together can decrease the size of the quadrupole deflector and also increase transmission. The exit lens system can be redesigned to be smaller by eliminating at least one electrode entirely without loss of transmission. Ceramic materials were investigated to find suitable candidates for use in the construction of lighter weight mass spectrometer. A high-sensitivity, high-resolution portable gas chromatograph mass spectrometer with a mass range of 2-700 amu has been built and will be commercialized in Phase 3. Swaminathan, Viji K. and Alig, Roger C. Goddard Space Flight Center MASS SPECTROMETERS; MINIATURIZATION; DESIGN ANALYSIS; IONIC MOBILITY; PORTABLE EQUIPMENT; COLLIMATORS; DEFLECTORS; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HIGH RESOLUTION; MAGNETIC LENSES; QUADRUPOLES; SENSITIVITY; THREE DIMENSIONAL MODELS; WEIGHT (MASS)...
Book Synopsis Development and Performance of a Miniature, Low Cost Mass Spectrometer by : Brian David Thomson Hemond
Download or read book Development and Performance of a Miniature, Low Cost Mass Spectrometer written by Brian David Thomson Hemond and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A miniature, low cost mass spectrometer has been developed that is capable of unit resolution over a mass range of 10 to 50 AMU. The design of the mass spectrometer incorporates several new features that enhance the performance of the design over comparable instruments. An efficient ion source allows a relatively low power consumption without sacrificing resolution. Variable geometry mechanical filters allow for variable resolution. An onboard ion pump removes the need for an external pumping source. An onboard digital controller allows a large degree of flexibility over the operation of the mass spectrometer while eliminating the need for high voltage electrical feedthroughs. The miniature mass spectrometer is sensitive to fractions of a percentage of inlet gas, and formatted mass spectra are returned digitally to a laptop.
Download or read book The Greenhouse Gas Protocol written by and published by World Business Pub.. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard helps companies and other organizations to identify, calculate, and report GHG emissions. It is designed to set the standard for accurate, complete, consistent, relevant and transparent accounting and reporting of GHG emissions.
Book Synopsis Development and Performance Enhancement of a Capillary Microwave Induced Plasma Mass Spectrometer for Gas Chromatographic Detection by : Angela Maria Zapata
Download or read book Development and Performance Enhancement of a Capillary Microwave Induced Plasma Mass Spectrometer for Gas Chromatographic Detection written by Angela Maria Zapata and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A capillary plasma source has been adapted and improved for mass spectrometry. The microwave induced plasma/mass spectrometer (MIP/MS) was coupled with gas chromatography (GC) for the selective detection of organochlorine pesticides (Cl-probe). The MIP/MS was evaluated for plasma stability and analytical performance. Studies show that the capillary MIP, 1 mm i.d., produced an analytically stable ion source. Plasma parameters (ne = 1.56 x 1014 cm-3, Texc = 3784 K, Trot = 2724 K, Tion = 5500 K at flow rates 30 to 500 ml min-1) were consistent with results reported for larger sources (e.g., 100 W or greater power with gas flows>0.11 min-1). Analytical performance was evaluated by comparing GC/MIP/MS against GC/MS with electron impact ionization (EI). Typically, the MIP/MS produced the same or larger signals for a 16 compound pesticide standard solution. However, when more than 10% diesel:oil (2:1) was added to the standard solution significant carbon deposition occurred. Addition of scavenger gases N2 or O2 allowed up to 70% diesel:oil (2:1) mixtures to be analyzed. GC/MIP/MS and GC/EI/MS results were within 10%, with a 16 compound average precision of 15%. A significant improvement in the stability and performance was achieved by optimizing power transfer to the cavity using a tunable coaxial MIP. The linear dynamic range obtained with the tunable MIP/MS extended over three orders of magnitude and was between 0.39 and 1600 ng mul-1, a ten time improvement with respect to the standard MIP. Detection limits were between 3 and 19 pg s-1, seven times lower than the detection limits obtained with the non tunable MIP/MS. Further, analysis of highly contaminated samples was accomplished without the need of scavenger gases. When compared to GC with MIP/atomic emission detection, the tunable GC/MIP/MS was a more sensitive Cl-probe. Excellent accuracy and precision was found for the detection of the pesticides in a petroleum contaminated reference soil. Recoveries were within 10% of the certified values, with 5% measurement reproducibility.
Book Synopsis Researchers, National Laboratories in Japan by :
Download or read book Researchers, National Laboratories in Japan written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Livestock Production by : Pierre J. Gerber
Download or read book Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Livestock Production written by Pierre J. Gerber and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2013 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential of nutritional, manure and animal husbandry practices for mitigating methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) - i.e. non-carbon dioxide (CO2) - GHG emissions from livestock production. These practices were categorized into enteric CH4, manure management and animal husbandry mitigation practices. Emphasis was placed on enteric CH4 mitigation practices for ruminant animals (only in vivo studies were considered) and manure mitigation practices for both ruminant and monogastric species. Over 900 references were reviewed; simulation and life cycle assessment analyses were generally excluded
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book AIST Today written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists by :
Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1970-06 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :925107920X Total Pages :139 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (51 download)
Book Synopsis Tackling Climate Change Through Livestock by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book Tackling Climate Change Through Livestock written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2013 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greenhouse gas emissions by the livestock sector could be cut by as much as 30 percent through the wider use of existing best practices and technologies. FAO conducted a detailed analysis of GHG emissions at multiple stages of various livestock supply chains, including the production and transport of animal feed, on-farm energy use, emissions from animal digestion and manure decay, as well as the post-slaughter transport, refrigeration and packaging of animal products. This report represents the most comprehensive estimate made to-date of livestocks contribution to global warming as well as the sectors potential to help tackle the problem. This publication is aimed at professionals in food and agriculture as well as policy makers.
