Microglia

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Microglia

Author : Olga Garaschuk
Publisher : Humana
ISBN 13 : 9781493996605
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (966 download)

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Book Synopsis Microglia by : Olga Garaschuk

Download or read book Microglia written by Olga Garaschuk and published by Humana. This book was released on 2020-08-14 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive toolkit of versatile techniques for studying microglia under different experimental settings along with a brief summary of knowledge, accumulated in microglial research over the last decades. Beginning with recently discovered roles of microglia in health and disease, the volume continues by covering in vitro analyses of microglia, in vivo studies, and “omics” analyses. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Microglia: Methods and Protocols serves as a vital guide to these important cells and an inspiration for scientists interested in expanding our knowledge of their role in the nervous system.

Microglia in Health and Disease

Author : Marie-Ève Tremblay
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493914294
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Microglia in Health and Disease by : Marie-Ève Tremblay

Download or read book Microglia in Health and Disease written by Marie-Ève Tremblay and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-22 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These past few years have witnessed a revolution in our understanding of microglia, especially since their roles in the healthy central nervous system (CNS) have started to unravel. These cells were shown to actively maintain health, in concert with neurons and other types of CNS cells, providing further insight into their involvement with diseases. Edited by two pioneers in the field, Marie-Ève Tremblay and Amanda Sierra, Microglia in health and disease aims to share with the broader scientific community some of the recent discoveries in microglia research, from a broad perspective, with a collection of 19 chapters from 52 specialists working in 11 countries across 5 continents. To set microglia on the stage, the book begins by explaining briefly who they are, what they do in the healthy and diseased CNS, and how they can be studied. The first section describes in more details their physiological roles in the maturation, function, and plasticity of the CNS, across development, adolescence, adulthood, neuropathic pain, addiction, and aging. The second section focuses on their implication in pathological conditions impairing the quality of life: neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, AIDS, and multiple sclerosis; and in leading causes of death: ischemia and stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, as well as trauma and injury.

Dual Role of Microglia in Health and Disease: Pushing the Balance Towards Repair

Author : Raquel Ferreira
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889661067
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Dual Role of Microglia in Health and Disease: Pushing the Balance Towards Repair by : Raquel Ferreira

Brain Neurotrauma

Author : Firas H. Kobeissy
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466565993
Total Pages : 725 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Neurotrauma by : Firas H. Kobeissy

Download or read book Brain Neurotrauma written by Firas H. Kobeissy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-02-25 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year, an estimated 1.7 million Americans sustain brain injury. Long-term disabilities impact nearly half of moderate brain injury survivors and nearly 50,000 of these cases result in death. Brain Neurotrauma: Molecular, Neuropsychological, and Rehabilitation Aspects provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account on the latest developments in the area of neurotrauma, including brain injury pathophysiology, biomarker research, experimental models of CNS injury, diagnostic methods, and neurotherapeutic interventions as well as neurorehabilitation strategies in the field of neurotraum research. The book includes several sections on neurotrauma mechanisms, biomarker discovery, neurocognitive/neurobehavioral deficits, and neurorehabilitation and treatment approaches. It also contains a section devoted to models of mild CNS injury, including blast and sport-related injuries. Over the last decade, the field of neurotrauma has witnessed significant advances, especially at the molecular, cellular, and behavioral levels. This progress is largely due to the introduction of novel techniques, as well as the development of new animal models of central nervous system (CNS) injury. This book, with its diverse coherent content, gives you insight into the diverse and heterogeneous aspects of CNS pathology and/or rehabilitation needs.

Patterning and Cell Type Specification in the Developing CNS and PNS

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123973481
Total Pages : 993 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Patterning and Cell Type Specification in the Developing CNS and PNS by :

Download or read book Patterning and Cell Type Specification in the Developing CNS and PNS written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-05-06 with total page 993 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms of neural development are essential for understanding evolution and disorders of neural systems. Recent advances in genetic, molecular, and cell biological methods have generated a massive increase in new information, but there is a paucity of comprehensive and up-to-date syntheses, references, and historical perspectives on this important subject. The Comprehensive Developmental Neuroscience series is designed to fill this gap, offering the most thorough coverage of this field on the market today and addressing all aspects of how the nervous system and its components develop. Particular attention is paid to the effects of abnormal development and on new psychiatric/neurological treatments being developed based on our increased understanding of developmental mechanisms. Each volume in the series consists of review style articles that average 15-20pp and feature numerous illustrations and full references. Volume 1 offers 48 high level articles devoted mainly to patterning and cell type specification in the developing central and peripheral nervous systems. Series offers 144 articles for 2904 full color pages addressing ways in which the nervous system and its components develop Features leading experts in various subfields as Section Editors and article Authors All articles peer reviewed by Section Editors to ensure accuracy, thoroughness, and scholarship Volume 1 sections include coverage of mechanisms which: control regional specification, regulate proliferation of neuronal progenitors and control differentiation and survival of specific neuronal subtypes, and controlling development of non-neural cells

The Angel and the Assassin

Author : Donna Jackson Nakazawa
Publisher : Ballantine Books
ISBN 13 : 152479919X
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (247 download)

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Book Synopsis The Angel and the Assassin by : Donna Jackson Nakazawa

Download or read book The Angel and the Assassin written by Donna Jackson Nakazawa and published by Ballantine Books. This book was released on 2021-01-19 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thrilling story of scientific detective work and medical potential that illuminates the newly understood role of microglia—an elusive type of brain cell that is vitally relevant to our everyday lives. “The rarest of books: a combination of page-turning discovery and remarkably readable science journalism.”—Mark Hyman, MD, #1 New York Times bestselling author of Food: What the Heck Should I Eat? NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY WIRED Until recently, microglia were thought to be helpful but rather boring: housekeeper cells in the brain. But a recent groundbreaking discovery has revealed that they connect our physical and mental health in surprising ways. When triggered—and anything that stirs up the immune system in the body can activate microglia, including chronic stressors, trauma, and viral infections—they can contribute to memory problems, anxiety, depression, and Alzheimer’s. Under the right circumstances, however, microglia can be coaxed back into being angelic healers, able to make brain repairs in ways that help alleviate symptoms and hold the promise to one day prevent disease. With the compassion born of her own experience, award-winning journalist Donna Jackson Nakazawa illuminates this newly understood science, following practitioners and patients on the front lines of treatments that help to “reboot” microglia. In at least one case, she witnesses a stunning recovery—and in others, significant relief from pressing symptoms, offering new hope to the tens of millions who suffer from mental, cognitive, and physical health issues. Hailed as a “riveting,” “stunning,” and “visionary,” The Angel and the Assassin offers us a radically reconceived picture of human health and promises to change everything we thought we knew about how to heal ourselves.

Microglia

Author : Charanjit Kaur
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781619422513
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Microglia by : Charanjit Kaur

Download or read book Microglia written by Charanjit Kaur and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pioneering studies by several leading researchers in the early part of the last century first described the existence of microglial cells both in the early brain development and in pathological conditions. Microglial cells were later established to be the resident brain macrophages and immunocompetent cells present ubiquitously in the central nervous system including the retina in association with other glial cells, neurons and blood vessels. The book should be of interest to cell biologists and neuroscientists in general. Basic scientists, neuroimmunologists, neurologists, neuropathologists and neurosurgeons should find the latest information on microglial cells useful in their continued effort in searching and designing potential therapeutic strategies for treatment of neurological disease for which microglial cells are implicated.

Microglia in the Regenerating and Degenerating Central Nervous System

Author : Wolfgang J. Streit
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475741391
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Microglia in the Regenerating and Degenerating Central Nervous System by : Wolfgang J. Streit

Download or read book Microglia in the Regenerating and Degenerating Central Nervous System written by Wolfgang J. Streit and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of microglial cells has recently gained importance for those researching degeneration and regeneration. Microglia in the regenerating and degenerating CNS supports the assertion that understanding microglial biology could perhaps be pivotal for unraveling the pathogenetic mechanisms that underlie Alzheimer's disease, In addition, microglia are also critical for understanding the sequelae of traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, and for the important post-traumatic repair processes. This book gives an up to date account of the role of microglia in degeneration and regeneration of the nervous system and reviews their cell function and physiology.

Immune Responses in the Nervous System

Author : Nancy Rothwell
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Immune Responses in the Nervous System by : Nancy Rothwell

Download or read book Immune Responses in the Nervous System written by Nancy Rothwell and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1995 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many molecules and mechanisms traditionally associated with the peripheral immune system have been found to be active within the central nervous system. The investigation of immune activation is a rapidly expanding field of research, particularly since it is directly related to acute neuronal damage and in degenerative disorders of the nervous system such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. This volume brings together a team of internationally recognized experts who address topics such as neuronal transplantation, leukocyte migration, the role of inflammation and immune responses in neurological diseases and brain injury, and the potential benefits of treatment with modulators of cytokine action. It will be of interest to all researchers and clinicians involved in the understanding, diagnosis and treatment of neuroimmune diseases.

Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders

Author : Peter Riederer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3211452958
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (114 download)

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Book Synopsis Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders by : Peter Riederer

Download or read book Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders written by Peter Riederer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-23 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a comprehensive overview on current clinical and basic research issues related to Parkinson’s disease and its related disorders. The book is the result of the 16th International Congress of Parkinson’s Disease and Related disorders congress 2005. Its contents are suitable for neurologists, psychiatrists, neurosurgeons, basic researchers, geneticians and patients as well as their relatives.

Never-resting microglia: physiological roles in the healthy brain and pathological implications

Author : Amanda Sierra
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
ISBN 13 : 2889193691
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Never-resting microglia: physiological roles in the healthy brain and pathological implications by : Amanda Sierra

Download or read book Never-resting microglia: physiological roles in the healthy brain and pathological implications written by Amanda Sierra and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microglia are largely known as the major orchestrators of the brain inflammatory response. As such, they have been traditionally studied in various contexts of disease, where their activation has been assumed to induce a wide range of detrimental effects. In the last few years, a series of discoveries have challenged the current view of microglia, showing their active and positive contribution to normal brain function. This Research Topic reviewed the novel physiological roles of microglia in the developing, mature and aging brain, under non-pathological conditions. In particular, this Research Topic discussed the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which microglia contribute to the formation, pruning and plasticity of synapses; the regulation of adult neurogenesis as well as hippocampal learning and memory; among other important roles. Because these novel findings defy our understanding of microglial function in health as much as in disease, this Research Topic also summarized the current view of microglial nomenclature, phenotypes, origin and differentiation, and contribution to various brain pathologies. Additionally, novel imaging approaches and molecular tools to study microglia in their non-activated state have been discussed. In conclusion, this Research Topic seeked to emphasize how the current research in neuroscience is challenged by never-resting microglia.

Dual Role of Microglia in Health and Disease: Pushing the Balance Towards Repair

Author : Raquel Ferreira
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889194922
Total Pages : 103 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Dual Role of Microglia in Health and Disease: Pushing the Balance Towards Repair by : Raquel Ferreira

Download or read book Dual Role of Microglia in Health and Disease: Pushing the Balance Towards Repair written by Raquel Ferreira and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microglial cells play a vital role in the innate immune response occurring in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Under physiologic conditions, microglia dynamically patrol the brain parenchyma and participate in the remodeling of active neuronal circuits. Accordingly, microglia can boost synaptic plasticity by removing apoptotic cells and by phagocytizing axon terminals and dendritic spines that form inappropriate neural connections. Upon brain and spinal cord injury or infection, microglia act as the first line of immune defense by promoting the clearance of damaged cells or infectious agents and by releasing neurotrophins and/ or proneurogenic factors that support neuronal survival and regeneration. Recently, two main pathways were suggested for microglia activation upon stimuli. Classical activation is induced by Toll-like receptor agonists and Th1 cytokines and polarizes cells to an M1 state, mainly leading to the release of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and nitric oxide and to grave neural damage. Alternative activation is mediated by Th2 cytokines and polarizes cells to an M2a state inducing the release of antiinflammatory factors. These findings have further fueled the discussion on whether microglia has a detrimental or beneficial action (M1 or M2-associated phenotypes, respectively) in the diseased or injured CNS and, more importantly, on whether we can shift the balance to a positive outcome. Although microglia and macrophages share several common features, upon M1 and M2 polarizing conditions, they are believed to develop distinct phenotypic and functional properties which translate into different patterns of activity. Moreover, microglia/macrophages seem to have developed a tightly organized system of maintenance of CNS homeostasis, since cells found in different structures have different morphology and specific function (e.g. meningeal macrophages, perivascular macrophages, choroid plexus macrophages). Nevertheless, though substantial work has been devoted to microglia function, consensus around their exact origin, their role during development, as well as the exact nature of their interaction with other cells of the CNS has not been met. This issue discusses how microglial cells sustain neuronal activity and plasticity in the healthy CNS as well as the cellular and molecular mechanisms developed by microglia in response to injury and disease. Understanding the mechanisms involved in microglia actions will enforce the development of new strategies to promote an efficient CNS repair by committing microglia towards neuronal survival and regeneration.

Glial Neurobiology

Author : Alexei Verkhratsky
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780470513071
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Glial Neurobiology by : Alexei Verkhratsky

Download or read book Glial Neurobiology written by Alexei Verkhratsky and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-08-20 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume is a very valuable and much needed contribution." –Quarterly Review of Biology AT LAST - A comprehensive, accessible textbook on glial neurobiology! Glial cells are the most numerous cells in the human brain but for many years have attracted little scientific attention. Neurophysiologists concentrated their research efforts instead, on neurones and neuronal networks because it was thought that they were the key elements responsible for higher brain function. Recent advances, however, indicate this isn’t exactly the case. Not only are astroglial cells the stem elements from which neurones are born, but they also control the development, functional activity and death of neuronal circuits. These ground-breaking developments have revolutionized our understanding of the human brain and the complex interrelationship of glial and neuronal networks in health and disease. Features of this book: an accessible introduction to glial neurobiology including an overview of glial cell function and its active role in neural processes, brain function and nervous system pathology an exploration of all the major types of glial cells including: the astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia of the ACNS and Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system; the book also presents a broad overview of glial receptors and ion channels an investigation into the role of glial cells in various types of brain diseases including stroke, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Alexander's disease, brain oedema, multiple sclerosis and many more a wealth of illustrations, including unique images from the authors' own libraries of images, describing the main features of glial cells Written by two leading experts in the field, Glial Neurobiology provides a concise, authoritative introduction to glial physiology and pathology for undergraduate/postgraduate neuroscience, biomedical, medical, pharmacy, pharmacology, and neurology, neurosurgery and physiology students. It is also an invaluable resource for researchers in neuroscience, physiology, pharmacology and pharmaceutics.

Microglia in Health and Disease: A Unique Immune Cell Population

Author : Alessandro Michelucci
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889456013
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Microglia in Health and Disease: A Unique Immune Cell Population by : Alessandro Michelucci

Download or read book Microglia in Health and Disease: A Unique Immune Cell Population written by Alessandro Michelucci and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-10-05 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microglia are essential for the development and function of the adult brain. Their ontogeny, together with the absence of turnover from the periphery and the singular environment of the central nervous system (CNS), make microglia a unique cell population compared to other tissue-macrophages. The unique properties and functions of microglial cells, such as their role in synaptic pruning or the exceptional capacity to scan the brain parenchyma and rapidly react to its perturbations, have emerged in recent years. In the coming years, understanding how microglia acquire and maintain their unique profiles in order to fulfil distinct tasks in the healthy CNS and how these are altered in disease, will be essential to develop strategies to diagnose or treat CNS disorders with an immunological component. This Research Topic covers several aspects of microglial biology, ranging from their origin and the functional role of microglia during development and lifespan, their molecular properties compared with other brain and peripheral immune cells to microglial phenotypes and functional states in neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumours. In conclusion, the present Research Topic provides a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of several cellular and molecular mechanisms that make microglia a unique immune cell population within the healthy CNS as well as under inflammatory, neurodegenerative and tumorigenic processes.

Microglial Polarization in the Pathogenesis and Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Author : Yu Tang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889455254
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Microglial Polarization in the Pathogenesis and Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Diseases by : Yu Tang

Download or read book Microglial Polarization in the Pathogenesis and Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Yu Tang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is one of the shared prominent hallmarks among various forms of neurodegeneration. Depending on the milieu in which microglia become activated, the polarization of microglia shows to be heterogeneous with diverse functional phenotypes that range from pro-inflammatory phenotypes to immunosuppressive phenotypes. Therefore, targeting microglial polarization holds great promise for the treatment of neurodegeneration. This eBook focuses on the potential mechanisms of microglial polarization that are critically associated with a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease (HD), Traumatic brain injury (TBI), glaucomatous neurodegeneration and prion diseases. This topic also involves the therapeutic targeting of microglial polarization by nutritional and pharmacological modulators. Moreover, this topic describes advanced technologies employed for studying microglia. Age-related changes in microglia functions are also discussed. Overall, this eBook provides comprehensive understandings of microglial polarization in the course of neurodegeneration, linking with aging-related microglial alterations and technologies developed for microglial studies. Hopefully, it will also give comprehensive insights into various aspects of therapeutic treatment for neurodegeneration, through targeting microglial polarization.

Assessing Microglial Function and Identity

Author : Rosa Chiara Paolicelli
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889742911
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing Microglial Function and Identity by : Rosa Chiara Paolicelli

Download or read book Assessing Microglial Function and Identity written by Rosa Chiara Paolicelli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-04 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Microglia

Author : Bertrand Joseph
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781627035200
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Microglia by : Bertrand Joseph

Download or read book Microglia written by Bertrand Joseph and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: