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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (18 download)
Download or read book METHODOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL ESSAYS IN THE NATURAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ; R.S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert S. Cohen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401021287
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Methodological and Historical Essays in the Natural and Social Sciences written by Robert S. Cohen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modem philosophy of science has turned out to be a Pandora's box. Once opened, the puzzling monsters appeared: not only was the neat structure of classical physics radically changed, but a variety of broader questions were let loose, bearing on the nature of scientific inquiry and of human knowledge in general. Philosophy of science could not help becoming epistemological and historical, and could no longer avoid metaphysical questions, even when these were posed in disguise. Once the identification of scientific methodology with that of physics had been queried, not only did biology and psychology come under scrutiny as major modes of scientific inquiry, but so too did history and the social sciences - particularly economics, sociology and anthropology. And now, new 'monsters' are emerging - for example, medicine and political science as disciplined inquiries. This raises anew a much older question, namely whether the conception of science is to be distinguished from a wider conception of learning and inquiry? Or is science to be more deeply understood as the most adequate form of learning and inquiry, whose methods reach every domain of rational thought? Is modern science matured reason, or is it simply one historically adapted and limited species of western reason? In our colloquia at Boston University, over the past fourteen years, we have been probing and testing the scope of philosophy of science.
Author : Robert Sonné Cohen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792329893
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (298 download)
Download or read book Science, Politics and Social Practice written by Robert Sonné Cohen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1995-02-28 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In three volumes, a distinguished group of scholars from a variety of disciplines in the natural and social sciences, the humanities and the arts contribute essays in honor of Robert S. Cohen, on the occasion of his 70th birthday. The range of the essays, as well as their originality, and their critical and historical depth, pay tribute to the extraordinary scope of Professor Cohen's intellectual interests, as a scientist-philosopher and a humanist, and also to his engagement in the world of social and political practice. In Science, Politics and Social Practice, (Volume II of Essays in Honor of Robert S. Cohen), an international group of scholars -- philosophers, sociologists, historians, and political scientists -- discuss issues at the cutting edge of contemporary social and political thought, and its bearing on science. Several essays discuss the relations of Marxism to science, and specifically, to the philosophies of science of Carnap and Popper, as well as Soviet Marxism, and the effects of Stalinism on Soviet science. There are also essays on the philosophy and methodology of the social sciences, on questions of method and aim in historical narrative, on the issue of cultural relativism, and more.
Author : Marx W. Wartofsky (Ed)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Methodological and Historical Essays in the Natural and Social Sciences. Edited by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky written by Marx W. Wartofsky (Ed) and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : S. Turner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401734615
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)
Download or read book The Search for a Methodology of Social Science written by S. Turner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stephen Turner has explored the ongms of social science in this pioneering study of two nineteenth century themes: the search for laws of human social behavior, and the accumulation and analysis of the facts of such behavior through statistical inquiry. The disputes were vigorously argued; they were over questions of method, criteria of explanation, interpretations of probability, understandings of causation as such and of historical causation in particular, and time and again over the ways of using a natural science model. From his careful elucidation of John Stuart Mill's proposals for the methodology of the social sciences on to his original analysis of the methodological claims and practices of Emile Durkheim and Max Weber, Turner has beautifully traced the conflict between statistical sociology and a science offactual description on the one side, and causal laws and a science of nomological explanation on the other. We see the works of Comte and Quetelet, the critical observations of Herschel, Buckle, Venn and Whewell, and the tough scepticism of Pearson, all of these as essential to the works of the classical founders of sociology. With Durkheim's essay on Suicide and Weber's monograph on The Protestant Ethic, Turner provides both philosophical analysis to demonstrate the continuing puzzles over cause and probability and also a perceptive and wry account of just how the puzzles of our late twentieth century are of a piece with theirs. The terms are still familiar: reasons vs.
Author : W. Krajewski
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400977050
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Polish Essays in the Philosophy of the Natural Sciences written by W. Krajewski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Philosophy of Science Association
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9789027704092
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (4 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of the 1972 Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association written by Philosophy of Science Association and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1974-09-30 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : P.L. Kapitza
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400989776
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Experiment, Theory, Practice written by P.L. Kapitza and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In tbis splendid collection of the articles and addresses of P. L. Kapitza, the author remarks on the insight of the 18th century Ukrainian philosopher Skovoroda who wrote: "We must be grateful to God that He created the world in such a way that everytbing simple is true, and everything compli cated is untrue. " At another place, Kapitza meditates on the roles played by instinct, imagination, audacity, experiment, and hard work in the develop ment of science, and for a moment seems to despair at understanding the dogged arguments of great scientists: "Einstein loved to refer to God when there was no more sensible argument!" With Academician Kapitza, there are reasoned arguments, plausible alter natives, humor and humane discipline, energy and patience, a skill for the practical, and transcendent clarity about what is at issue in theoretical practice as in engineering necessities. Kapitza has been physicist, engineer, research manager, teacher, humanist, and tbis book demonstrates that he is a wise interpreter of historical, philosophical, and social realities. He is also, in C. P. Snow's words, strong, brave, and good (Variety of Men, N. Y. 1966, p. 19). In this preface, we shall point to themes from Kapitza's interpretations of science and life. On scientific work. Good work is never done with someone else's hands. The separation of theory from experience, from experimental work, and from practice, above all harms theory itself.
Author : H.R. Maturana
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400989474
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Autopoiesis and Cognition written by H.R. Maturana and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a bold, brilliant, provocative and puzzling work. It demands a radical shift in standpoint, an almost paradoxical posture in which living systems are described in terms of what lies outside the domain of descriptions. Professor Humberto Maturana, with his colleague Francisco Varela, have undertaken the construction of a systematic theoretical biology which attempts to define living systems not as they are objects of observation and description, nor even as in teracting systems, but as self-contained unities whose only reference is to them selves. Thus, the standpoint of description of such unities from the 'outside', i. e. , by an observer, already seems to violate the fundamental requirement which Maturana and Varela posit for the characterization of such system- namely, that they are autonomous, self-referring and self-constructing closed systems - in short, autopoietic systems in their terms. Yet, on the basis of such a conceptual method, and such a theory of living systems, Maturana goes on to define cognition as a biological phenomenon; as, in effect, the very nature of all living systems. And on this basis, to generate the very domains of interac tion among such systems which constitute language, description and thinking.
Author : F.R. Burwick
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400939175
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Approaches to Organic Form written by F.R. Burwick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frederick Burwick's modest but comprehensive and insightful intro duction is preface enough to these sensible essays in the history and philosophical criticism of ideas. If we want to understand how some in quiring and intelligent thinkers sought to go beyond mechanism and vitalism, we will find Burwick's labors of assembling others and reflect ing on his own part to be as stimulating as anywhere to be found. And yet his initial cautious remark is right: 'approaches', not 'attainments'. The problems associated with clarifying 'matter' and 'form' are still beyond any consensus as to their solution. Even more do we recognize the many forms and meanings of 'form', and this is so even for 'organic form'. That wise scientist-philosopher-engineer Lancelot Law Whyte struggled in a place neighboring to Burwick's, and his essay of thirty years ago might be a scientist's preface to Burwick and his colleagues: see Whyte'S Accent on Form (N. Y., Harper, 1954) and his Symposium of 1951 Aspects of Form (London, Percy Lund Humphries 1951; and Indiana University Press 1961), itself arranged in honor of D' Arcy Thompson's classical monograph On Growth and Form. Philosophy and history of science must deal with these issues, and with the mixture of hard-headedness and imagination that they de mand.
Author : A. Shimony
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400937350
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Naturalistic Epistemology written by A. Shimony and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. AIMS OF THE INTRODUCTION The systematic assessment of claims to knowledge is the central task of epistemology. According to naturalistic epistemologists, this task cannot be well performed unless proper attention is paid to the place of the knowing subject in nature. All philosophers who can appropriately be called 'naturalistic epistemologists' subscribe to two theses: (a) human beings, including their cognitive faculties, are entities in nature, inter acting with other entities studied by the natural sciences; and (b) the results of natural scientific investigations of human beings, particularly of biology and empirical psychology, are relevant and probably crucial to the epistemological enterprise. Naturalistic epistemologists differ in their explications of theses (a) and (b) and also in their conceptions of the proper admixture of other components needed for an adequate treatment of human knowledg- e.g., linguistic analysis, logic, decision theory, and theory of value. Those contributors to this volume who consider themselves to be naturalistic epistemologists (the majority) differ greatly in these respects. It is not my intention in this introduction to give a taxonomy of naturalistic epistemologies. I intend only to provide an overview which will stimulate a critical reading of the articles in the body of this volume, by facilitating a recognition of the authors' assumptions, emphases, and omissions.
Author : Maria Carla Galavotti
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402012519
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Observation and Experiment in the Natural and Social Sciences written by Maria Carla Galavotti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-04-30 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a contribution to the ongoing debate on the distinction between a ‘context of justification’ and a ‘context of discovery’. It is meant for researchers and advanced students in philosophy of science, and for natural and social scientists interested in foundational topics. Spanning a wide range of disciplines, it combines the viewpoint of philosophers and scientists and casts a new interdisciplinary perspective on the problem of observation and experimentation.
Author : O. Costa-de-Beauregard
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940093811X
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Time, The Physical Magnitude written by O. Costa-de-Beauregard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an age characterized by impersonality and a fear of individuality this book is indeed unusual. It is personal, individualistic and idiosyncratic - a record of the scientific adventure of a single mind. Most scientific writing today is so depersonalized that it is impossible to recognize the man behind the work, even when one knows him. Costa de Beauregard's scientific career has focused on three domains - special relativity, statistics and irreversibility, and quantum mechanics. In Time, the Physical Magnitude he has provided a personal vade mecum to those problems, concepts, and ideas with which he has been so long preoccupied. Some years ago we were struck by a simple and profound observa tion of Mendel Sachs, the gist of which follows. Relativity is based on very simple ideas but, because it requires highly complicated mathe matics, people find it difficult. Quantum mechanics, on the other hand, derives from very complicated principles but, since its mathematics is straightforward, people feel they understand it. In some ways they are like the bourgeois gentilhomme of Moliere in that they speak quantum mechanics without knowing what it is. Costa de Beauregard recognizes the complexity of quantum mechanics. A great virtue of the book is that he does not hide or shy away from the complexity. He exposes it fully while presenting his ideas in a non-dogmatic way.
Author : Vincent M. Colapietro
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110873451
Total Pages : 477 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)
Download or read book Peirce's Doctrine of Signs written by Vincent M. Colapietro and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-09-12 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Babette Babich
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792357421
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (574 download)
Download or read book Nietzsche, Theories of Knowledge, and Critical Theory written by Babette Babich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-08-31 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nietzsche, Theories of Knowledge, and Critical Theory, the first volume of a two-volume book collection on Nietzsche and the Sciences, ranges from reviews of Nietzsche and the wide variety of epistemic traditions - not only pre-Socratic, but Cartesian, Leibnizian, Kantian, and post-Kantian -through essays on Nietzsche's critique of knowledge via his critique of grammar and modern culture, and culminates in an extended section on the dynamic of Nietzsche's critical philosophy seen from the perspective of Habermas and critical theory. This volume features a first-time English translation of Habermas's afterword to his own German-language collection of Nietzsche's Epistemological Writings.
Author : Boris G. Kuznetsov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400945906
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Reason and Being written by Boris G. Kuznetsov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boris Kuznetsov was a scientist among humanists, a philosopher among scientists, a historian for those who look to the future, an optimist in an age of sadness. He was steeped in classical European culture, from earliest times to the latest avant-garde, and he roamed through the ages, an inveterate time-traveller, chatting and arguing with Aristotle and Descartes, Heine and Dante, among many others. Kuznetsov was also, in his intelligent and thoughtful way, a Marxist scholar and a practical engineer, a patriotic Russian Jew of the first sixty years of the Soviet Union. Above all he meditated upon the revolutionary developments of the natural sciences, throughout history to be sure but particularly in his own time, the time of what he called 'non-classical science', and of his beloved and noblest hero, Albert Einstein. Kuznetsov was born in Dnepropetrovsk on October 5, 1903 (then Yekaterinoslav). By early years he had begun to teach, first in 1921 at an institute of mining engineering and then at other technological institutions. By 1933 he had received a scientific post within the Academy of Science of the U. S. S. R. , and then at the end of the Second World War he joined several colleagues at the new Institute of the History of Science and Technology. For more than 40 years he worked there until his death two years ago.
Author : Trevor H. Levere
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940091878X
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Nature, Experiment, and the Sciences written by Trevor H. Levere and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays is a tribute to Stillman Drake by some of his friends and colleagues, and by others on whom his work has had a formative influence. It is difficult to know him without succumbing to his combination of discipline and enthusiasm, even in fields remote from Renaissance physics and natural philosophy; and so he should not be surprised in this volume to see emphases and methods congenial to him, even on topics as remote as Darwin or the chemical revolution. Therein lies whatever unity the discerning reader may find in this book, beyond the natural focus and coherence of the largest section, on Galileo, and the final section on Drake's collection of books, a major and now accessible resource for research in the field that he has made his own. We have chosen, as the occasion for presenting the volume to Stillman Drake, Galileo's birthday; Galileo has had more than one birthday party in Toronto since Drake came to the University of Toronto. As for the title, it reflects a shared conviction that experiment is the key to science; it is what scientists do. Drake has already asserted that emphasis in the title of his magisterial Galileo at Work, and we echo it here. Those who have had the privilege and pleasure of working and arguing with Stillman over the years know his tenacity, penetration, and vigour. They also know his generosity and humility. We owe him much.
