Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Method And Composition For Improving Flux Pinning And Critical Current In Superconductors
Download Method And Composition For Improving Flux Pinning And Critical Current In Superconductors full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Method And Composition For Improving Flux Pinning And Critical Current In Superconductors ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Method and Composition for Improving Flux Pinning and Critical Current in Superconductors by :
Download or read book Method and Composition for Improving Flux Pinning and Critical Current in Superconductors written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Superconducting materials and methods of forming superconducting materials are disclosed. Highly oxidized superconductors are heated at a relatively high temperature so as to release oxygen, which migrates out of the material, and form a non-superconducting phase which does not diffuse out of grains of the material. The material is then reoxidized at a lower temperature, leaving the non-superconducting inclusions inside a superconducting phase. The non-superconducting inclusions act as pinning centers in the superconductor, increasing the critical current thereof.
Book Synopsis Flux Pinning in Superconductors by : Teruo Matsushita
Download or read book Flux Pinning in Superconductors written by Teruo Matsushita and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-31 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the flux pinning mechanisms and properties and the electromagnetic phenomena caused by the flux pinning common for metallic, high-Tc and MgB2 superconductors. The condensation energy interaction known for normal precipitates or grain boundaries and the kinetic energy interaction proposed for artificial Nb pins in Nb-Ti, etc., are introduced for the pinning mechanism. Summation theories to derive the critical current density are discussed in detail. Irreversible magnetization and AC loss caused by the flux pinning are also discussed. The loss originally stems from the ohmic dissipation of normal electrons in the normal core driven by the electric field induced by the flux motion. The influence of the flux pinning on the vortex phase diagram in high Tc superconductors is discussed, and the dependencies of the irreversibility field are also described on other quantities such as anisotropy of superconductor, specimen size and electric field strength. Recent developments of critical current properties in various high-Tc superconductors and MgB2 are introduced. The 3rd edition has been thoroughly updated, with a new chapter on critical state model. The mechanism of irreversible properties is discussed in detail. The author provides calculations of pinning loss by the equation of motion of flux lines in the pinning potential and hysteresis loss. The readers will learn why the resultant loss is of hysteresis type in spite of such mechanism. This book aims for graduate students and researchers studying superconductivity as well as engineers working in electric utility industry.
Book Synopsis Critical Current, Flux Pinning and Optical Studies of High Temperature Superconductors by : Anant Narlikar
Download or read book Critical Current, Flux Pinning and Optical Studies of High Temperature Superconductors written by Anant Narlikar and published by Nova Science Pub Incorporated. This book was released on 1997 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Superconductivity III by : Koji Kajimura
Download or read book Advances in Superconductivity III written by Koji Kajimura and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of high temperature superconductors, many new materials have been invented. In the last year, several new materials were also discovered, but their critical temperatures are still below lOOK. Precise physical and chemical work has made tremendous progress in the theoretical and experimental study of physical properties and carrier state characterizations. The de Haas van Alphen effect measurement showed the existence of a Fermi surface in YBCO. Flux dynamics is a well-known new problem in which flux creep and irreversibility line features are especially important for a fundamental understanding of the critical current and flux pinning. Flux pinning centers which are intentionally added using non-superconducting precipitates, neutrons, and protons, etc. increase critical currents to practical levels. The analysis of electric and magnetic properties are expected to reveal the pinning mechanism and also to further application development. As for wires and bulks, many melt-like sintering techniques have improved the material performance of critical current densities. A new seeding Quench-Melt Growth technique enlarged crystal size and increased the repulsion force. These melting processes, in conjunction with a mechanical strength improvement have been effectively introduced into wire fabrication in order to realize kilometer range wires and will put the oxide wires to practical use. Where thin film is con cerned, when many fabrication methods had been developed using the assistance effect of activated oxygen such as ozone and oxygen radicals, a high current 2 density of 106A/cm at 77K was reported.
Book Synopsis Critical Currents In Superconductors For Practical Applications - Proceedings Of The International Workshop by : Lian Zhou
Download or read book Critical Currents In Superconductors For Practical Applications - Proceedings Of The International Workshop written by Lian Zhou and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998-02-28 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings volume reviews the recent developments of superconducting materials for practical applications and critical current characteristics. It contains 18 invited papers and 72 contributed papers. The scope of these papers includes: (1) synthesis and processing of practical materials, (2) properties of high-Tc tapes, coils and bulk materials, (3) critical currents and microstructure, (4) flux dynamics and pinning mechanisms, (5) applications of high-Tc materials, (6) applications of low-Tc superconductors, (7) processing, physical properties and applications of high-Tc thin films.
Book Synopsis Critical Currents In Superconductors - Proceedings Of The 8th International Workshop by : Teruo Matsushita
Download or read book Critical Currents In Superconductors - Proceedings Of The 8th International Workshop written by Teruo Matsushita and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996-11-26 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This workshop includes about 110 papers describing the flux pinning and related electromagnetic phenomena in superconductors. Various problems are argued on exotic properties of flux lines, flux dynamics, flux pinning mechanisms, critical current density and critical state phenomena in both high- and low-temperature superconductors.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Superconducting Materials by : David A. Cardwell
Download or read book Handbook of Superconducting Materials written by David A. Cardwell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 1120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advent of High Temperature Superconductivity and the increasing reliability of fabrication techniques, superconductor technology has moved firmly into the mainstream of academic and industrial research. There is currently no single source of practical information giving guidance on which technique to use for any particular category of superconductor. An increasing number of materials scientists and electrical engineers require easy access to practical information, sensible advice and guidance on 'best-practice' and reliable, proven fabrication and characterisation techniques.The Handbook will be the definitive collection of material describing techniques for the fabrication and analysis of superconducting materials. In addition to the descriptions of techniques, authoritative discussions written by leading researchers will give guidance on the most appropriate technique for a particular situation.Characterisation and measurement techniques will form an important part of the Handbook, providing researchers with a standard reference for experimental techniques. The tutorial style description of these techniques makes the Handbook particularly suitable for use by graduate students.The Handbook will be supported by a comprehensive web site which will be updated with new data as it emerges.The Handbook has six main sections: -- Fundamentals of Superconductivity - characteristic properties, elementary theory, critical current of type II superconductors-- Processing - bulk materials, wires and tapes, thick and think films, contact techniques-- Characterisation Techniques - structure/microstructure, measurement and interpretation of electromagnetic properties,measurement of physics properties-- Materials - characteristic properties of low and high Tc materials-- Applications - high current applications, trapped flux devices, high frequency devices, josephson junction devic
Book Synopsis Flux Pinning and Critical Currents in A-15 Superconductors by : J. D. Livingston
Download or read book Flux Pinning and Critical Currents in A-15 Superconductors written by J. D. Livingston and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between processing, microstructure, and properties was studied for A-15 compounds in multifilamentary composites produced by solid-state diffusion and in thin-film samples produced by vapor deposition. Grain sizes of A-15 superconducting compounds were measured by transmission electron microscopy of multifilamentary composites reacted at various temperatures. Critical current densities at 4.2 K and fields up to 6 T were found to be similar for niobium-tin, vanadium-gallium, and vanadium-silicon of the same grain size. Study of the Cu-V-Si phase diagram led to the production of improved multifilamentary vanadium-silicon conductors. The effects of various alloying elements on A-15 layers produced by solid-state diffusion were studied. The most promising new observation was that tantalum can be incorporated into niobium-tin reaction layers, leading to an enhancement of critical currents at high fields. The critical temperature of vapor-deposited, niobium-germanium films has been studied as a function of deposition rates, flux stoichiometry, substrate temperature, and, especially, gas composition. Introduction of controlled levels of oxygen has been found to expand the range of Nb-Ge flux ratios which yield high critical temperatures. (Author).
Book Synopsis Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office by :
Download or read book Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Superconductivity VII by : Kaoru Yamafuji
Download or read book Advances in Superconductivity VII written by Kaoru Yamafuji and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of high-temperature superconductivity has encouraged an inter disciplinary approach to research. It has required significant cooperation and collaboration among researchers, each of whom has brought to it a rich variety of experience from many other fields. Recently, great improvements have been made in the quality of research. The subject has matured and been launched into the next stage through the resonance between science and technology. The current progress of materials processing and engineering in this field is analogous to that previously seen in the development of semiconductors. These include the appearance of materials taking the place of YBa2Cu307 owing to their improved properties (higher critical temperatures and stronger flux pin ning) in which rare earth ions with large radii (La, Nd, Sm) substitute for Y; the development of technology enabling growth control on the nanometer scale; and precise and reproducible measurements that can be used as rigorous tests of theoretical models, which in turn are expected to lead to the develop ment of new devices. For further progress in high-T research, academics and c technologists must pool their knowledge and experience. I hope that this volume will promote that goal by providing the reader with the latest results of high-temperature superconductor research and will stimulate further discussion and collaboration.
Book Synopsis Flux Pinning in Superconductors by : Teruo Matsushita
Download or read book Flux Pinning in Superconductors written by Teruo Matsushita and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-20 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers the flux pinning mechanisms and properties and the electromagnetic phenomena caused by the flux pinning common for metallic, high-Tc and MgB2 superconductors. The condensation energy interaction known for normal precipitates or grain boundaries and the kinetic energy interaction proposed for artificial Nb pins in Nb-Ti, etc. are introduced for the pinning mechanism. Summation theories to derive the critical current density are discussed in detail. Irreversible magnetization and AC loss caused by the flux pinning are also discussed. The loss originally stems from the ohmic dissipation of normal electrons in the normal core driven by the electric field induced by the flux motion. The readers will learn why the resultant loss is of hysteresis type in spite of such mechanism. The influence of the flux pinning on the vortex phase diagram in high Tc superconductors is discussed and the dependencies of the irreversibility field are also described on other quantities such as anisotropy of superconductor, specimen size and electric field strength. Recent developments of critical current properties in various high-Tc superconductors and MgB2 are introduced. Other topics are: singularity in the case of transport current in a parallel magnetic field such as deviation from the Josephson relation, reversible flux motion inside pinning potentials which causes deviation from the critical state model prediction, the concept of the minimization of energy dissipation in the flux pinning phenomena which gives the basis for the critical state model, etc. Significant reduction in the AC loss in AC wires with very fine filaments originates from the reversible flux motion which is dominant in the two-dimensional pinning. The concept of minimum energy dissipation explains also the behavior of flux bundle size which determines the irreversibility line under the flux creep. The new edition has been thoroughly updated, with new sections on the progress in enhancing the critical current density in high temperature superconductors by introduction of artificial pinning centers, the effect of packing density on the critical current density and irreversibility field in MgB2 and derivation of the force-balance equation from the minimization of the free energy including the pinning energy.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Flux Pinning and Critical Current Densities in Type II Superconductors by : Martin Ashkin
Download or read book Investigation of Flux Pinning and Critical Current Densities in Type II Superconductors written by Martin Ashkin and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main purpose of this work was to develop and employ new metallurgical techniques for determining the microstructural features controlling the critical current of Type II superconductors. Another purpose was to study the critical current in thin films by magnetization measurements. From the data both the critical current density and magnetic flux pinning force as a function of field were calculated. The study in Appendix I identifies dislocation cell boundaries as the prominent microstructural feature of commercial multifilamentary superconductors. This feature is correlated with critical current and guidelines are provided for critical current enhancement in commercial conductors. The report in Appendix II describes a new technique for measuring grain size and thicknesses of the thin layers on the order of .5 micrometer which occur in the fabrication of Nb3Sn by diffusion reactions. The method is rapid and inexpensive compared to competing techniques and will be useful in new conductor development.
Book Synopsis Advances in Superconductivity VI by : Toshizo Fujita
Download or read book Advances in Superconductivity VI written by Toshizo Fujita and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than seven years have passed since the dramatic breakthrough in the critical temperature for superconductors. During this period, a host of new materials have been discovered, and efforts have been stepped up in a variety of domains including device and systems applications, commercialization, and basic research on the properties of superconductive materials. Recent progress in areas such as bulk single crystal production, long-scale wire and tape produc tion, flywheel and bearing applications, and electronic device applications for thin films indicate that science and technology have been working hand in hand in this field, as has been the case in the research and development of semi conductors. This interdisciplinary "resonance" will be certain to lead to further outstanding advances in the years to come. It goes without saying that worldwide information exchange is the key to accelerating progress in superconductivity science and technology. As in previous years, the ISS '93 served as a venue where visions of future develop ments were shared in addition to presentations and extensive discussions on the most up-to-date research results. I hope that the Proceedings contained in this volume will be consulted not only as a summary of the current "state of the art" in high-Tc superconductivity but also as a stimulating source of ideas regarding future applications of superconductivity research.
Book Synopsis Magnetization Critical Current and Flux Pinning Mechanisms in High Tc Superconductors by : Mark S. Boley
Download or read book Magnetization Critical Current and Flux Pinning Mechanisms in High Tc Superconductors written by Mark S. Boley and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Vortex Physics and Flux Pinning by : A. V. Narlikar
Download or read book Vortex Physics and Flux Pinning written by A. V. Narlikar and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of High Temperature Superconductors, Volume 48 - Vortex Physics & Flux Pinning
Book Synopsis Magnetic Relaxation, Flux Pinning and Critical Currents in Superconductors by : Karl S. Lichtenberger
Download or read book Magnetic Relaxation, Flux Pinning and Critical Currents in Superconductors written by Karl S. Lichtenberger and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Index of Patents Issued from the United States Patent and Trademark Office by :
Download or read book Index of Patents Issued from the United States Patent and Trademark Office written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 2424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
