Medicine Law And The State In Imperial Russia

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Medicine, Law, and the State in Imperial Russia

Author : Elisa M. Becker
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 9639776874
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (397 download)

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Book Synopsis Medicine, Law, and the State in Imperial Russia by : Elisa M. Becker

Download or read book Medicine, Law, and the State in Imperial Russia written by Elisa M. Becker and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2011-07-20 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the theoretical and practical outlook of forensic physicians in Imperial Russia, from the 18th to the early 20th centuries, arguing that the interaction between state and these professionals shaped processes of reform in contemporary Russia. It demonstrates the ways in which the professional evolution of forensic psychiatry in Russia took a different turn from Western models, and how the process of professionalization in late imperial Russia became associated with liberal legal reform and led to the transformation of the autocratic state system.

Law and the Russian State

Author : William E. Pomeranz
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1474224245
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis Law and the Russian State by : William E. Pomeranz

Download or read book Law and the Russian State written by William E. Pomeranz and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-12-27 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia is often portrayed as a regressive, even lawless country, and yet the Russian state has played a major role in shaping and experimenting with law as an instrument of power. In Law and the Russian State, William E. Pomeranz examines Russia's legal evolution from Peter the Great to Vladimir Putin, addressing the continuities and disruptions of Russian law during the imperial, Soviet, and post-Soviet. The book covers key themes, including: * Law and empire * Law and modernization * The politicization of law * The role of intellectuals and dissidents in mobilizing the law * The evolution of Russian legal institutions * The struggle for human rights * The rule-of-law * The quest to establish the law-based state It also analyzes legal culture and how Russians understand and use the law. With a detailed bibliography, this is an important text for anyone seeking a sophisticated understanding of how Russian society and the Russian state have developed in the last 350 years.

Murder Most Russian

Author : Louise McReynolds
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 080146546X
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Murder Most Russian by : Louise McReynolds

Download or read book Murder Most Russian written by Louise McReynolds and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2012-12-15 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How a society defines crimes and prosecutes criminals illuminates its cultural values, social norms, and political expectations. In Murder Most Russian, Louise McReynolds draws on a fascinating series of murders and subsequent trials that took place in the wake of the 1864 legal reforms enacted by Tsar Alexander II. For the first time in Russian history, the accused were placed in the hands of juries of common citizens in courtrooms that were open to the press. Drawing on a wide array of sources, McReynolds reconstructs murders that gripped Russian society, from the case of Andrei Gilevich, who advertised for a personal secretary and beheaded the respondent as a way of perpetrating insurance fraud, to the beating death of Marianna Time at the hands of two young aristocrats who hoped to steal her diamond earrings. As McReynolds shows, newspapers covered such trials extensively, transforming the courtroom into the most public site in Russia for deliberation about legality and justice. To understand the cultural and social consequences of murder in late imperial Russia, she analyzes the discussions that arose among the emergent professional criminologists, defense attorneys, and expert forensic witnesses about what made a defendant’s behavior "criminal." She also deftly connects real criminal trials to the burgeoning literary genre of crime fiction and fruitfully compares the Russian case to examples of crimes both from Western Europe and the United States in this period. Murder Most Russian will appeal not only to readers interested in Russian culture and true crime but also to historians who study criminology, urbanization, the role of the social sciences in forging the modern state, evolving notions of the self and the psyche, the instability of gender norms, and sensationalism in the modern media.

Soviet Medicine

Author : Frances Lee Bernstein
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501756621
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Soviet Medicine by : Frances Lee Bernstein

Download or read book Soviet Medicine written by Frances Lee Bernstein and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to the opening of archives and the forging of exchanges between Russian and Western scholars interested in the history of medicine, it is now possible to write new forms of social and political history in the Soviet medical field. Using the lenses of critical social histories of healthcare and medical science, and looking at both new material from Russian archives and interviews with those who experienced the Soviet health system, the contributors to this volume explore the ways experts and the Soviet state radically reshaped medical provision after the Revolution of 1917. Soviet Medicine presents the work of an international group of leading scholars. Twelve essays—treating subjects that span the 74-year history of the Soviet Union—cover such diverse topics as how epidemiologists handled plague on the Soviet borderlands in the revolutionary era, how venereologists fighting sexually transmitted disease struggled to preserve the patient's right to secrecy, and how Soviet forensic experts falsified the evidence of the Katyn Forest massacre of 1940. This important volume demonstrates the crucial role played by medical science, practice, and culture in the shaping of a modern Soviet Union and illustrates how the study of Soviet medical history can benefit historians of medicine, science, the Soviet Union, and social and gender historians.

The Crisis of Religious Toleration in Imperial Russia

Author : Thomas Marsden
Publisher : Oxford Historical Monographs
ISBN 13 : 0198746369
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Crisis of Religious Toleration in Imperial Russia by : Thomas Marsden

Download or read book The Crisis of Religious Toleration in Imperial Russia written by Thomas Marsden and published by Oxford Historical Monographs. This book was released on 2015 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about an unprecedented attempt by the government of Russia's Tsar Nicholas I (1825-1855) to eradicate what was seen as one of the greatest threats to its political security: the religious dissent of the Old Believers. The Old Believers had long been reviled by the ruling Orthodox Church, for they were the largest group of Russian dissenters and claimed to be the guardians of true Orthodoxy; however, their industrious communities and strict morality meant that the civil authorities often regarded them favourably. This changed in the 1840s and 1850s when a series of remarkable cases demonstrated that the existing restrictions upon the dissenters' religious freedoms could not suppress their capacity for independent organisation. Finding itself at a crossroads between granting full toleration, or returning to the fierce persecution of earlier centuries, the tsarist government increasingly inclined towards the latter course, culminating in a top secret 'system' introduced in 1853 by the Minister of Internal Affairs Dmitrii Bibikov. The operation of this system was the high point of religious persecution in the last 150 years of the tsarist regime: it dissolved the Old Believers' religious gatherings, denied them civil rights, and repressed their leading figures as state criminals. It also constituted an extraordinary experiment in government, instituted to deal with a temporary emergency. Paradoxically the architects of this system were not churchmen or reactionaries, but representatives of the most progressive factions of Nicholas's bureaucracy. Their abandonment of religious toleration on grounds of political intolerability reflected their nationalist concerns for the future development of a rapidly changing Russia. The system lasted only until Nicholas's death in 1855; however, the story of its origins, operation, and collapse, told for the first time in this study, throws new light on the religious and political identity of the autocratic regime and on the complexity of the problems it faced.

Wages of Evil

Author : Anna Schur
Publisher : Northwestern University Press
ISBN 13 : 0810128489
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Wages of Evil by : Anna Schur

Download or read book Wages of Evil written by Anna Schur and published by Northwestern University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anna Schur incorporates sources from philosophy, criminology, psychology, and history to argue that Dostoevsky's thinking was shaped not only by his Christian ethics but also by the debates on punishment theory and practice unfolding during his lifetime.

Murder Most Russian

Author : Louise McReynolds
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801465907
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Murder Most Russian by : Louise McReynolds

Download or read book Murder Most Russian written by Louise McReynolds and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How a society defines crimes and prosecutes criminals illuminates its cultural values, social norms, and political expectations. In Murder Most Russian, Louise McReynolds uses a fascinating series of murders and subsequent trials that took place in the wake of the 1864 legal reforms enacted by Tsar Alexander II to understand the impact of these reforms on Russian society before the Revolution of 1917. For the first time in Russian history, the accused were placed in the hands of juries of common citizens in courtrooms that were open to the press. Drawing on a wide array of sources, McReynolds reconstructs murders that gripped Russian society, from the case of Andrei Gilevich, who advertised for a personal secretary and beheaded the respondent as a way of perpetrating insurance fraud, to the beating death of Marianna Time at the hands of two young aristocrats who hoped to steal her diamond earrings. As McReynolds shows, newspapers covered such trials extensively, transforming the courtroom into the most public site in Russia for deliberation about legality and justice. To understand the cultural and social consequences of murder in late imperial Russia, she analyzes the discussions that arose among the emergent professional criminologists, defense attorneys, and expert forensic witnesses about what made a defendant's behavior "criminal." She also deftly connects real criminal trials to the burgeoning literary genre of crime fiction and fruitfully compares the Russian case to examples of crimes both from Western Europe and the United States in this period. Murder Most Russian will appeal not only to readers interested in Russian culture and true crime but also to historians who study criminology, urbanization, the role of the social sciences in forging the modern state, evolving notions of the self and the psyche, the instability of gender norms, and sensationalism in the modern media.

Russian History: A Very Short Introduction

Author : Geoffrey Hosking
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199580987
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Russian History: A Very Short Introduction by : Geoffrey Hosking

Download or read book Russian History: A Very Short Introduction written by Geoffrey Hosking and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-29 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A leading international authority discusses all aspects of Russian history, from the struggle by the state to control society to the transformation of the nation into a multi-ethnic empire, Russia's relations with the West and the post-Soviet era. Original.

Marriage, Property, and Law in Late Imperial Russia

Author : William G. Wagner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Marriage, Property, and Law in Late Imperial Russia by : William G. Wagner

Download or read book Marriage, Property, and Law in Late Imperial Russia written by William G. Wagner and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first systematic study of civil law in late Imperial Russia. It shows that efforts to adjust family, property, and inheritance law to changing social and economic conditions often became intertwined with attempts to shape society in accordance with competing ideological ideals. Through a restructuring of the family's legal basis, members of the growing educated and professional strata of society in particular endeavoured to promote conflicting conceptions of authority, individuality, gender, and law. Legal reform also served for members of the emerging legal and medical professions as a way to establish their authority, often at the expense of the state administration and the Orthodox Church. Civil law in late Imperial Russia therefore constituted both an important medium for ideological redefinition and a field of battle for those seeking to reform, to overthrow, or to defend the ancien regime. Because this battle extended into the state bureaucracy, legislative change proved extremely difficult. Newly empowered by the 1864 judicial reform, the judiciary responded to legislative inaction by not merely adapting the law, but also by promoting an ideal of the family whose values and principles challenged those underlying the autocracy. Professor Wagner's detailed and scholarly analysis of these issues offers many important insights into cultural attitudes, political structures, and the role of law in late Imperial Russia.

The Velizh Affair

Author : Eugene M. Avrutin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190640545
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The Velizh Affair by : Eugene M. Avrutin

Download or read book The Velizh Affair written by Eugene M. Avrutin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On April 22, 1823, a three-year-old boy named Fedor finished his lunch and went to play outside. Fedor never returned home from his walk. Several days later, a neighbor found his mutilated body drained of blood and repeatedly pierced. In small market towns, where houses were clustered together, residents knew each other on intimate terms, and people gossiped in taverns, courtyards, and streets, even the most trivial bits of news spread like wildfire. It did not take long before rumors began to emerge that Jews murdered the little boy. The Velizh Affair reconstructs the lives of Jews and their Christian neighbors caught up in the aftermath of this chilling criminal act. The investigation into Fedor's death resulted in the charging of forty-three Jews with ritual murder, theft and desecration of Church property, and the forcible conversion of three town residents. Drawing on an astonishing number of newly discovered trial records, historian Eugene M. Avrutin explores the multiple factors that not only caused fear and conflict in everyday life, but also the social and cultural worlds of a multiethnic population that had coexisted for hundreds of years. This beautifully crafted book provides an intimate glimpse into small-town life in eastern Europe. The case unfolded in a town like any other town in the Russian Empire where lives were closely interwoven, where rivalries and confrontations were part of day-to-day existence, and where the blood libel was part of a well-established belief system.

The Russian Empire 1450-1801

Author : Nancy Shields Kollmann
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199280517
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis The Russian Empire 1450-1801 by : Nancy Shields Kollmann

Download or read book The Russian Empire 1450-1801 written by Nancy Shields Kollmann and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia's imperial past has shaped modern Russian identity and historical experience. The Russian Empire 1450-1801 surveys the empire's emergence and governance, exploring how the state maintained control of defense, criminal law, taxation, and mobilization of resources, while tolerating local religions, languages, cultures, and institutions.

Bolshevik Sexual Forensics

Author : Dan Healey
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501768557
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Bolshevik Sexual Forensics by : Dan Healey

Download or read book Bolshevik Sexual Forensics written by Dan Healey and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an effort to modernize criminal and civil investigations, early Bolsheviks gave forensic doctors—most of whom had been trained under the tsarist regime—new authority over issues of sexuality. Revolutionaries believed that forensic medicine could provide scientific and objective solutions to sexual disorder in the new society. Bolshevik Sexual Forensics explores the institutional history of Russian and Soviet forensic medicine and examines the effects of its authority when confronting sexual disorder. Healey compares sex crime investigations from Petrograd and Sverdlovsk in the 1920s to the numerous publications by forensic doctors and psychiatrists of the prerevolutionary and early Soviet periods to illustrate the role that these specialists played. In addition, Healey presents a fascinating look at how doctors diagnosed and treated hermaphroditism, showing how Soviet physicians revolutionized the standard scientific view in these cases by taking into account individual desire. This study sheds light on unexplored radical and reactionary forces that shaped the Bolshevik "sexual revolution" as lawmakers defined new ways of seeing sexual crime and disorder. Forensic doctors struggled to interpret the replacement of the age of consent with a standard of "sexual maturity," a designation that made female sexuality a collective "resource," not part of an individual's personality. "Innocence," "experience," and virginity played a major role in the expertise doctors furnished in rape and abuse trials. Psychiatrists recoiled from the language of sexual psychology in their investigations of sex criminals. Yet in the clinic, Soviet physicians probed the desires of the two-sexed citizen, whose psychology served as the basis for a distinctly modern approach to the "erasure" of the hermaphrodite. Healey concludes that the vision of men and women as equals after a "sexual revolution" was undermined from the outset of the Soviet experiment. Law and medicine failed to protect women and girls from violence, and Soviet medicine's physiological and biological model of sexual citizenship erased the vision of sexual self-expression, especially for women. This groundbreaking study will appeal to Soviet historians and those interested in gender studies, sexuality, medicine, and forensics.

Everyday Jewish Life in Imperial Russia

Author : ChaeRan Y. Freeze
Publisher : Brandeis University Press
ISBN 13 : 1611684552
Total Pages : 665 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Everyday Jewish Life in Imperial Russia by : ChaeRan Y. Freeze

Download or read book Everyday Jewish Life in Imperial Russia written by ChaeRan Y. Freeze and published by Brandeis University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-03 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book makes accessibleÑfor the first time in EnglishÑdeclassified archival documents from the former Soviet Union, rabbinic sources, and previously untranslated memoirs, illuminating everyday Jewish life as the site of interaction and negotiation among and between neighbors, society, and the Russian state, from the beginning of the nineteenth century to World War I. Focusing on religion, family, health, sexuality, work, and politics, these documents provide an intimate portrait of the rich diversity of Jewish life. By personalizing collective experience through individual life storiesÑreflecting not only the typical but also the extraordinaryÑthe sources reveal the tensions and ruptures in a vanished society. An introductory survey of Russian Jewish history from the Polish partitions (1772Ð1795) to World War I combines with prefatory remarks, textual annotations, and a bibliography of suggested readings to provide a new perspective on the history of the Jews of Russia.

Russian Masculinities in History and Culture

Author : B. Clements
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230501796
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Russian Masculinities in History and Culture by : B. Clements

Download or read book Russian Masculinities in History and Culture written by B. Clements and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-12-18 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the romantic liaisons of Peter the Great to the birth of the Russian 'queen', this collection of essays presents recent research from the new field of Russian masculinity studies. Peasant patriarchs, aristocratic dandies, anxious young bureaucrats, workers in search of father figures, heroic warriors, promiscuous bathhouse attendants and vodka-soaked athletic stars populate this volume. Its essays take as a starting point the notion that masculinity, like femininity, has a history.

Legal Medicine in History

Author : Michael Clark
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521395143
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Legal Medicine in History by : Michael Clark

Download or read book Legal Medicine in History written by Michael Clark and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-06-09 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of essays on the social history of legal medicine including case studies on infanticide, abortion, coroners' inquests and criminal insanity.

Smoking under the Tsars

Author : Tricia Starks
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501722077
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Smoking under the Tsars by : Tricia Starks

Download or read book Smoking under the Tsars written by Tricia Starks and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-15 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approaching tobacco from the perspective of users, producers, and objectors, Smoking under the Tsars provides an unparalleled view of Russia’s early adoption of smoking. Tricia Starks introduces us to the addictive, nicotine-soaked Russian version of the cigarette—the papirosa—and the sensory, medical, social, cultural, and gendered consequences of this unique style of tobacco use. Starting with the papirosa’s introduction in the nineteenth century and its foundation as a cultural and imperial construct, Starks situates the cigarette’s emergence as a mass-use product of revolutionary potential. She discusses the papirosa as a moral and medical problem, tracks the ways in which it was marketed as a liberating object, and concludes that it has become a point of increasing conflict for users, reformers, and purveyors. The heavily illustrated Smoking under the Tsars taps into bountiful material in newspapers, industry publications, etiquette manuals, propaganda posters, popular literature, memoirs, cartoons, poetry, and advertising. Starks frames her history within the latest scholarship in imperial and early Soviet history and public health, anthropology and addiction studies. The result is an ambitious social and cultural exploration of the interaction of institutions, ideas, practice, policy, consumption, identity, and the body. Starks has reconstructed how Russian smokers experienced, understood, and presented their habit in all its biological, psychological, social, and sensory inflections, providing the reader with incredible images and a unique application of anthropology and sensory analysis to the experience of tobacco dependency.

Bodies in Balance

Author : Theresia Hofer
Publisher : University of Washington Press
ISBN 13 : 0295807083
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (958 download)

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Book Synopsis Bodies in Balance by : Theresia Hofer

Download or read book Bodies in Balance written by Theresia Hofer and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2018-01-08 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bodies in Balance: The Art of Tibetan Medicine is the first comprehensive, interdisciplinary exploration of the triangular relationship among the Tibetan art and science of healing (Sowa Rigpa), Buddhism, and arts and crafts. Generously illustrated with more than 200 images, Bodies in Balance includes essays on contemporary practice, pharmacology and compounding medicines, astrology and divination, history and foundational treatises. The volume brings to life the theory and practice of this ancient healing art. 2015 Best Art Book Accolade, ICAS Book Prize in the Humanities Category Bodies in Balance: The Art of Tibetan Medicine is the first comprehensive, interdisciplinary exploration of the triangular relationship among the Tibetan art and science of healing (Sowa Rigpa), Buddhism, and arts and crafts. This book is dedicated to the history, theory, and practice of Tibetan medicine, a unique and complex system of understanding body and mind, treating illness, and fostering health and well-being. Sowa Rigpa has been influenced by Chinese, Indian, and Greco-Arab medical traditions but is distinct from them. Developed within the context of Buddhism, Tibetan medicine was adapted over centuries to different health needs and climates across the region encompassing the Tibetan Plateau, the Himalayas, and Mongolia. Its focus on a holistic approach to health has influenced Western medical thinking about the prevention, diagnoses, and treatment of illness. Generously illustrated with more than 200 images, Bodies in Balance includes essays on contemporary practice, pharmacology and compounding medicines, astrology and divination, history and foundational treatises. The volume brings to life the theory and practice of this ancient healing art.