Mediators And Drugs In Gastrointestinal Motility

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Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility I

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642684378
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility I by :

Download or read book Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility I written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the exhaustive Handbook of Physiology (Alimentary Canal, Section 6, Motility) edited by CHARLES F. CODE in 1968, no complete survey of the morphological basis and the physiological control of intestinal motility has been published, in spite of the enormous amount of new data in the literature on this topic. The new techniques and methodologies, the use of electron microscopy, radioimmunoassay and binding techniques, as weIl as ever more sophisticated electrophysiological procedures have made possible areal flood of discoveries in this field. Moreover, the possibility ofnew studies ofthe endocrine cells in biopsies of human intestinal mucosa even during routine endoscopies, has opened new horizons for gastroenterologists and generated a number of important contribu tions to our knowledge of the morphology and physiopathology of the gut. As usual, new discoveries have also revealed both ignorance and many new problems. For tbis reason, although many of the data reported in this volume can be considered as firmly established, others still require confirmation, and the results of new research in this field are awaited with extreme interest. Since advances are occurring so rapidly, even experts in the specific topics need frequent comprehensive reviews. To avoid an excessively large volume, considera tions ofthe pancreas, liver, and biliary system were not included in this Handbook, which, nevertheless, has attempted to off er the reader the essence of more than 1,500 papers.

Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility II

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642684742
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility II by :

Download or read book Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility II written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume places more emphasis on endogenous mediators of gut motility than on drugs used to treat patients with deranged motility. In this respect it resembles most other books on gastroenterology, for while only a relatively small number of drugs are really useful for a rational therapy, a tremendous amount of data is available on neural and hormonal factors regulating the motility of the alimentary canal. Moreover, it must be considered that some of the drugs which can routinely be employed to modify deranged motility of the digestive system are represented by pure or slightly modified endogenous compounds (e. g. , cholecystokinin, its C terminal octapeptide and caerulein), and it is easy to foresee that their number is destined to increase in the near future. Other drugs are simply antagonists of physiological substances acting on specific receptors (e. g. , histamine H -blockers 2 and opioid compounds). The real explosion of research in this field and the extreme specialization often connected with the use of very sophisticated techniques and methodologies would probably have required a larger number of experts to cover some very specific fields from both an anatomical (lower esophageal sphincter, stomach, pylorus, small and large intestine) and a biochemical (hormones, candidate hormones, locally active substances, neurotransmitters etc. ) point of view.

Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility

Author : Giulio Bertaccini
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility by : Giulio Bertaccini

Download or read book Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility written by Giulio Bertaccini and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility I

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783540112969
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility I by :

Download or read book Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility I written by and published by Springer. This book was released on 1982-06-01 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the exhaustive Handbook of Physiology (Alimentary Canal, Section 6, Motility) edited by CHARLES F. CODE in 1968, no complete survey of the morphological basis and the physiological control of intestinal motility has been published, in spite of the enormous amount of new data in the literature on this topic. The new techniques and methodologies, the use of electron microscopy, radioimmunoassay and binding techniques, as weIl as ever more sophisticated electrophysiological procedures have made possible areal flood of discoveries in this field. Moreover, the possibility ofnew studies ofthe endocrine cells in biopsies of human intestinal mucosa even during routine endoscopies, has opened new horizons for gastroenterologists and generated a number of important contribu tions to our knowledge of the morphology and physiopathology of the gut. As usual, new discoveries have also revealed both ignorance and many new problems. For tbis reason, although many of the data reported in this volume can be considered as firmly established, others still require confirmation, and the results of new research in this field are awaited with extreme interest. Since advances are occurring so rapidly, even experts in the specific topics need frequent comprehensive reviews. To avoid an excessively large volume, considera tions ofthe pancreas, liver, and biliary system were not included in this Handbook, which, nevertheless, has attempted to off er the reader the essence of more than 1,500 papers.

Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility I

Author : H. G. Baumgarten
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783642684388
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility I by : H. G. Baumgarten

Download or read book Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility I written by H. G. Baumgarten and published by . This book was released on 1982-06 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility II

Author : A. Bennett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783642684753
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (847 download)

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Book Synopsis Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility II by : A. Bennett

Download or read book Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility II written by A. Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1982-07-01 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility: Morphological basis and neurophysiological control

Author : H. G. Baumgarten
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility: Morphological basis and neurophysiological control by : H. G. Baumgarten

Download or read book Mediators and Drugs in Gastrointestinal Motility: Morphological basis and neurophysiological control written by H. G. Baumgarten and published by Springer. This book was released on 1982 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Colonic Motility

Author : Sushil K. Sarna
Publisher : Biota Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1615041516
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Colonic Motility by : Sushil K. Sarna

Download or read book Colonic Motility written by Sushil K. Sarna and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three distinct types of contractions perform colonic motility functions. Rhythmic phasic contractions (RPCs) cause slow net distal propulsion with extensive mixing/turning over. Infrequently occurring giant migrating contractions (GMCs) produce mass movements. Tonic contractions aid RPCs in their motor function. The spatiotemporal patterns of these contractions differ markedly. The amplitude and distance of propagation of a GMC are several-fold larger than those of an RPC. The enteric neurons and smooth muscle cells are the core regulators of all three types of contractions. The regulation of contractions by these mechanisms is modifiable by extrinsic factors: CNS, autonomic neurons, hormones, inflammatory mediators, and stress mediators. Only the GMCs produce descending inhibition, which accommodates the large bolus being propelled without increasing muscle tone. The strong compression of the colon wall generates afferent signals that are below nociceptive threshold in healthy subjects. However, these signals become nociceptive; if the amplitudes of GMCs increase, afferent nerves become hypersensitive, or descending inhibition is impaired. The GMCs also provide the force for rapid propulsion of feces and descending inhibition to relax the internal anal sphincter during defecation. The dysregulation of GMCs is a major factor in colonic motility disorders: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and diverticular disease (DD). Frequent mass movements by GMCs cause diarrhea in diarrhea predominant IBS, IBD, and DD, while a decrease in the frequency of GMCs causes constipation. The GMCs generate the afferent signals for intermittent short-lived episodes of abdominal cramping in these disorders. Epigenetic dysregulation due to adverse events in early life is one of the major factors in generating the symptoms of IBS in adulthood.

The Enteric Nervous System

Author : John Barton Furness
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Enteric Nervous System by : John Barton Furness

Download or read book The Enteric Nervous System written by John Barton Furness and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Dopamine Receptor Agonists

Author : George Poste
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475703104
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Dopamine Receptor Agonists by : George Poste

Download or read book Dopamine Receptor Agonists written by George Poste and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dopamine, in addition to its importance as a precursor of norepinephrine, is now known to be an important neurotransmitter in regulating functional activities in a number of major organ systems, including the central ner vous system. the cardiovascular system, the kidney, and the gut. Recent advances in our understanding of the functional role of dopamine, its mechanism of action and the pharmacology of dopaminergic agents have occurred on a broad front. The last few years have witnessed significant progress in the identification and classification of central and peripheral dopamine receptors and the factors that affect their responsiveness to inhibitory and stimulatory ligands. These advances have been paralleled by new insights into the contribution of alterations in dopaminergic reg ulation in causing disease and the utility of dopamine agonists and an tagonists as therapeutic modalities. This volume, the first in a series of publications arising from the annual Smith Kline and French Research Symposium on New Horizons in Therapeutics, provides a comprehensive survey of current research on peripheral dopamine receptors and the physiologic and therapeutic con sequences of stimulating pre-and postsynaptic dopamine receptors. Research in dopamine pharmacology mirrors the remarkable ad vances that are occurring in the field of pharmacology at large as a con sequence of the involvement of an ever-larger number of scientific dis ciplines in the study of drug action.

Oral Drug Absorption

Author : Jennifer B. Dressman
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420077341
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Oral Drug Absorption by : Jennifer B. Dressman

Download or read book Oral Drug Absorption written by Jennifer B. Dressman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oral Drug Absorption, Second Edition thoroughly examines the special equipment and methods used to test whether drugs are released adequately when administered orally. The contributors discuss methods for accurately establishing and validating in vitro/in vivo correlations for both MR and IR formulations, as well as alternative approaches for MR an

Gastrointestinal Motility

Author : James Christensen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Gastrointestinal Motility by : James Christensen

Download or read book Gastrointestinal Motility written by James Christensen and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Neural Control of Gastrointestinal Function

Author : David Grundy
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1615043578
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Control of Gastrointestinal Function by : David Grundy

Download or read book Neural Control of Gastrointestinal Function written by David Grundy and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011-12 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gastrointestinal tract is a long, muscular tube responsible for the digestion of food, assimilation of nutrients and elimination of waste. This is achieved by secretion of digestive enzymes and absorption from the intestinal lumen, with different regions playing specific roles in the processing of specific nutrients. These regions come into play sequentially as ingested material is moved along the length of the GI tract by contractions of the muscle layers. In some regions like the oesophagus transit it rapid and measured in seconds while in others like the colon transit is measured in hours and even days, commensurate with the relative slow fermentation that takes place in the large bowel. An hierarchy of controls, neural and endocrine, serve to regulate the various cellular targets that exist in the gut wall. These include muscle cells for contraction and epithelial cells for secretion and absorption. However, there are complex interactions between these digestive mechanisms and other mechanisms that regulate blood flow, immune function, endocrine secretion and food intake. These ensure a fine balance between the ostensibly conflicting tasks of digestion and absorption and protection from potentially harmful ingested materials. They match assimilation of nutrients with hunger and satiety and they ensure that regions of the GI tract that are meters apart work together in a coordinated fashion to match these diverse functions to the digestive needs of the individual. This ebook will provide an overview of the neural mechanisms that control gastrointestinal function. Table of Contents: Neural Control of Gastrointestinal Function / Cells and Tissues / Enteric Nervous System / From Gut to CNS: Extrinsic Sensory Innervation / Sympathetic Innervation of the Gut / Parasympathetic Innervation of the Gut / Integration of Function / References

Geriatric Gastroenterology

Author : C. S. Pitchumoni
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441916237
Total Pages : 660 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Geriatric Gastroenterology by : C. S. Pitchumoni

Download or read book Geriatric Gastroenterology written by C. S. Pitchumoni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As aging trends in the United States and Europe in particular are strongly suggestive of increasingly older society, it would be prudent for health care providers to better prepare for such changes. By including physiology, disease, nutrition, pharmacology, pathology, radiology and other relevant associated topics, Geriatric Gastroenterology fills the void in the literature for a volume devoted specifically to gastrointestinal illness in the elderly. This unique volume includes provision of training for current and future generations of physicians to deal with the health problems of older adults. It will also serve as a comprehensive guide to practicing physicians for ease of reference. Relevant to the geriatric age group, the volume covers epidemiology, physiology of aging, gastrointestinal physiology, pharmacology, radiology, pathology, motility disorders, luminal disorders, hepato-biliary disease, systemic manifestations, neoplastic disorders, gastrointestinal bleeding, cancer and medication related interactions and adverse events, all extremely common in older adults; these are often hard to evaluate and judge, especially considering the complex aging physiology. All have become important components of modern medicine. Special emphasis is be given to nutrition and related disorders. Capsule endoscopy and its utility in the geriatric population is also covered. Presented in simple, easy to read style, the volume includes numerous tables, figures and key points enabling ease of understanding. Chapters on imaging and pathology are profusely illustrated. All chapters are written by specialists and include up to date scientific information. Geriatric Gastroenterology is of great utility to residents in internal medicine, fellows in gastroenterology and geriatric medicine as well as gastroenterologists, geriatricians and practicing physicians including primary care physicians caring for older adults.

Gastrointestinal Pharmacology

Author : Beverley Greenwood-Van Meerveld
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319563602
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Gastrointestinal Pharmacology by : Beverley Greenwood-Van Meerveld

Download or read book Gastrointestinal Pharmacology written by Beverley Greenwood-Van Meerveld and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-19 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume aims to connect current ideas and concepts about GI disorders with the search for novel therapeutics. Towards this goal, authors provide a timely state-of-the-art overview of the GI tract in health and disease, current treatment approaches and ongoing developments in drug discovery, and their potential for the better treatment of patients with GI disorders.

Incretins and Insulin Secretion

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123815347
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Download or read book Incretins and Insulin Secretion written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-12-16 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1943, Vitamins and Hormones is the longest-running serial published by Academic Press. The Editorial Board now reflects expertise in the field of hormone action, vitamin action, X-ray crystal structure, physiology, and enzyme mechanisms. Under the capable and qualified editorial leadership of Dr. Gerald Litwack, Vitamins and Hormones continues to publish cutting-edge reviews of interest to endocrinologists, biochemists, nutritionists, pharmacologists, cell biologists, and molecular biologists. Others interested in the structure and function of biologically active molecules like hormones and vitamins will, as always, turn to this series for comprehensive reviews by leading contributors to this and related disciplines. This volume focuses on insulin and IGFs. Longest running series published by Academic Press Contributions by leading international authorities

The Gastrointestinal Circulation

Author : Peter R. Kvietys
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1615041176
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gastrointestinal Circulation by : Peter R. Kvietys

Download or read book The Gastrointestinal Circulation written by Peter R. Kvietys and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The microcirculation of the gastrointestinal tract is under the control of both myogenic and metabolic regulatory systems. The myogenic mechanism contributes to basal vascular tone and the regulation of transmural pressure, while the metabolic mechanism is responsible for maintaining an appropriate balance between O2 demand and O2 delivery. In the postprandial state, hydrolytic products of food digestion elicit a hyperemia, which serves to meet the increased O2 demand of nutrient assimilation. Metabolically linked factors (e.g., tissue pO2, adenosine) are primarily responsible for this functional hyperemia. The fenestrated capillaries of the gastrointestinal mucosa are relatively permeable to small hydrolytic products of food digestion (e.g., glucose), yet restrict the transcapillary movement of larger molecules (e.g., albumin). This allows for the absorption of hydrolytic products of food digestion without compromising the oncotic pressure gradient governing transcapillary fluid movement and edema formation. The gastrointestinal microcirculation is also an important component of the mucosal defense system whose function is to prevent (and rapidly repair) inadvertent epithelial injury by potentially noxious constituents of chyme. Two pathological conditions in which the gastrointestinal circulation plays an important role are ischemia/reperfusion and chronic portal hypertension. Ischemia/reperfusion results in mucosal edema and disruption of the epithelium due, in part, to an inflammatory response (e.g., increase in capillary permeability to macromolecules and neutrophil infiltration). Chronic portal hypertension results in an increase in gastrointestinal blood flow due to an imbalance in vasodilator and vasoconstrictor influences on the microcirculation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy / Regulation of Vascular Tone and Oxygenation / Extrinsic Vasoregulation: Neural and Humoral / Postprandial Hyperemia / Transcapillary Solute Exchange / Transcapillary Fluid Exchange / Interaction of Capillary and Interstitial Forces / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Defense / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology I: Ischemia/Reperfusion / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology II: Chronic Portal Hypertension / Summary and Conclusions / References / Author Biography