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Mechano Calcium Mechano Electric And Mechano Metabolic Feedback Loops Contribution To The Myocardium Contraction In Health And Diseases
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Book Synopsis Mechano-Calcium, Mechano-Electric, and Mechano-Metabolic Feedback Loops: Contribution to the Myocardium Contraction in Health and Diseases by : Leonid Katsnelson
Download or read book Mechano-Calcium, Mechano-Electric, and Mechano-Metabolic Feedback Loops: Contribution to the Myocardium Contraction in Health and Diseases written by Leonid Katsnelson and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-06-01 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Editorial: Mechano-calcium, Mechano-electric, and Mechano-metabolic Feedback Loops: Contribution to the Myocardial Contraction in Health and Diseases by : Remi Peyronnet
Download or read book Editorial: Mechano-calcium, Mechano-electric, and Mechano-metabolic Feedback Loops: Contribution to the Myocardial Contraction in Health and Diseases written by Remi Peyronnet and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Strength Under Pressure by : Rafael Alexander Shimkunas
Download or read book Strength Under Pressure written by Rafael Alexander Shimkunas and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Heart and cardiovascular diseases account for more than 30% of deaths in the U.S., motivating an urgent need to better understand cardiac function. The heart has intrinsic mechanisms capable of adjusting cardiac contractility to compensate for physiological changes in mechanical loading and maintain the needed cardiac output. Excessive mechanical loading under pathological conditions such as hypertension, infarction and fibrosis, however, can lead to arrhythmias and heart failure (HF). Critical knowledge gaps exist in the mechanisms of mechano-chemo-transduction (MCT) that transduce mechanical loads to regulate calcium signaling and contractility. In this study, we investigated MCT at the cellular and molecular level in cells from healthy non-failing (NF) and HF hearts. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key mediators in MCT, essential in the excitation-contraction coupling process for regulating calcium signaling under increased mechanical load. Methods: The novel Cell-in-Gel system was developed and tuned to apply mechanical load onto cells in a cross-linked 3-D viscoelastic hydrogel. Intact ventricular myocytes isolated from NF and pressure and volume overload-induced HF rabbits were embedded in the gels. Cytosolic and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium concentrations were measured with fluorescent calcium indicators Fura-2 and Fluo-5N, respectively. Concurrent cell contraction measurements were acquired by sarcomere length quantification. Cells in-gel were compared with cells in solution not under mechanical load (load-free). The dissolvable gel also enabled measurements of the same cell in-gel and load-free, offering paired measurement comparisons. Results: Cardiomyocytes from NF hearts contracting in-gel under mechanical load showed significantly increased systolic calcium transients from load-free cells (Fura-2 ratio 2.71 ± 0.07 and 2.08 ± 0.04, respectively), suggesting a compensatory MCT mechanism that transduces mechanical load to increase calcium transients. Furthermore, SR calcium content and fractional release were larger in-gel, demonstrating augmented SR calcium cycling under mechanical load. Inhibition of NO synthases (NOS) with 1 mM L-NAME to reduce NO production attenuated SR calcium cycling and calcium transients in-gel to nearly load-free levels, revealing the importance of NOS-NO signaling in mediating MCT in healthy hearts. These results indicate that MCT enhanced cell contractility under mechanical load. Cells from HF animals exhibited a significant reduction in systolic calcium transients in-gel (Fura-2 ratio 2.19 ± 0.08) compared with NF, yet a pronounced but attenuated MCT calcium compensation effect remained present under mechanical load in HF. Furthermore, SR calcium content was augmented in-gel in HF, demonstrating a capacity for MCT calcium regulation in HF. NOS inhibition had no effect on calcium cycling in HF, while inhibition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2)-derived ROS by 1 [mu]m gp91 ds-tat completely abolished the MCT augmentation of calcium in-gel. This finding suggests NOX2-ROS signaling mediated MCT regulation of calcium in HF to enhance contractility. Conclusions: Our study elucidates an important MCT mechanism that autoregulates calcium cycling to enhance contractility in response to increased mechanical loading. NOS inhibition attenuates the compensatory MCT effect in NF cardiomyocytes, revealing the MCT pathway is mediated by NOS-NO signaling. In HF, the MCT calcium autoregulation effect is maintained yet is attenuated compared with NF. Strikingly, MCT in HF is mediated by NOX2-ROS signaling, but not NOS-NO signaling, suggesting there is a notable and significant shift in the chemical modulators of MCT signaling in disease conditions. Taken together, these finding demonstrate the MCT mechanism contributes to the Anrep effect and is fundamental for cardiac regulation in health and disease.
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1990 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Book Synopsis Cardiac Electrophysiology: from Cell to Bedside by : Douglas P. Zipes
Download or read book Cardiac Electrophysiology: from Cell to Bedside written by Douglas P. Zipes and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-10-25 with total page 1395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiac Electrophysiology: From Cell to Bedside puts the latest knowledge in this subspecialty at your fingertips, giving you a well-rounded, expert grasp of every cardiac electrophysiology issue that affects your patient management. Drs. Zipes, Jalife, and a host of other world leaders in cardiac electrophysiology use a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to guide you through all of the most recent cardiac drugs, techniques, and technologies. Get well-rounded, expert views of every cardiac electrophysiology issue that affects your patient management from preeminent authorities in cardiology, physiology, pharmacology, pediatrics, biophysics, pathology, cardiothoracic surgery, and biomedical engineering from around the world. Visually grasp and easily absorb complex concepts through an attractive full-color design featuring color photos, tables, flow charts, ECGs, and more! Integrate the latest scientific understanding of arrhythmias with the newest clinical applications, to select the right treatment and management options for each patient. Stay current on the latest advancements and developments with sweeping updates and 52 NEW chapters - written by many new authors - on some of the hottest cardiology topics, such as new technologies for the study of the molecular structure of ion channels, molecular genetics, and the development of new imaging, mapping and ablation techniques. Get expert advice from Dr. Douglas P. Zipes - a leading authority in electrophysiology and editor of Braunwald's Heart Disease and the Heart Rhythm Journal - and Dr. Jose Jalife - a world-renowned leader and researcher in basic and translational cardiac electrophysiology. Access the full text online at Expert Consult, including supplemental text, figures, tables, and video clips. Your purchase entitles you to access the web site until the next edition is published, or until the current edition is no longer offered for sale by Elsevier, whichever occurs first. If the next edition is published less than one year after your purchase, you will be entitled to online access for one year from your date of purchase. Elsevier reserves the right to offer a suitable replacement product (such as a downloadable or CD-ROM-based electronic version) should online access to the web site be discontinued.
Book Synopsis Heart Rate and Rhythm by : Onkar N. Tripathi
Download or read book Heart Rate and Rhythm written by Onkar N. Tripathi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-02 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathological heart rhythms are a major health issue. In this book experts from various fields provide an important context for understanding the complicated molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie normal and pathophysiological cardiac rhythms. Individual chapters cover a full range of topics, including the ionic basis of pacemaking, the role of specific channels and transporters in sinoatrial node pacemaking, altered intracellular Ca2+ handling in response to disease, computer modeling of the action potentials of pacemaker and working cardiomyocytes, genetic and molecular basis of inherited arrhythmias and a review of established and novel antiarrhythmic agents. Due to the key importance of the specialized pacemaker cells and tissue (sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes) in maintaining heart rate and rhythm, special emphasis is placed on the peculiar electrophysiology of these cells.
Book Synopsis Cardiac Electrophysiology: From Cell to Bedside E-Book by : Douglas P. Zipes
Download or read book Cardiac Electrophysiology: From Cell to Bedside E-Book written by Douglas P. Zipes and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-10-11 with total page 1397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiac Electrophysiology: From Cell to Bedside puts the latest knowledge in this subspecialty at your fingertips, giving you a well-rounded, expert grasp of every cardiac electrophysiology issue that affects your patient management. Drs. Zipes, Jalife, and a host of other world leaders in cardiac electrophysiology use a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to guide you through all of the most recent cardiac drugs, techniques, and technologies. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Compatible with Kindle®, nook®, and other popular devices. Get well-rounded, expert views of every cardiac electrophysiology issue that affects your patient management from preeminent authorities in cardiology, physiology, pharmacology, pediatrics, biophysics, pathology, cardiothoracic surgery, and biomedical engineering from around the world. Visually grasp and easily absorb complex concepts through an attractive full-color design featuring color photos, tables, flow charts, ECGs, and more! Integrate the latest scientific understanding of arrhythmias with the newest clinical applications, to select the right treatment and management options for each patient. Stay current on the latest advancements and developments with sweeping updates and 52 NEW chapters - written by many new authors - on some of the hottest cardiology topics, such as new technologies for the study of the molecular structure of ion channels, molecular genetics, and the development of new imaging, mapping and ablation techniques. Get expert advice from Dr. Douglas P. Zipes - a leading authority in electrophysiology and editor of Braunwald’s Heart Disease and the Heart Rhythm Journal - and Dr. Jose Jalife - a world-renowned leader and researcher in basic and translational cardiac electrophysiology. Access the full text online at Expert Consult, including supplemental text, figures, tables, and video clips.
Book Synopsis The Biology of Exercise by : Michael J. Joyner
Download or read book The Biology of Exercise written by Michael J. Joyner and published by Perspectives Cshl. This book was released on 2017 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exercise training provokes widespread transformations in the human body, requiring coordinated changes in muscle composition, blood flow, neuronal and hormonal signaling, and metabolism. These changes enhance physical performance, improve mental health, and delay the onset of aging and disease. Understanding the molecular basis of these changes is therefore important for optimizing athletic ability and for developing drugs that elicit therapeutic effects. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine examines the biological basis of exercise from the molecular to the systemic levels. Contributors discuss how transcriptional regulation, cytokine and hormonal signaling, glucose metabolism, epigenetic modifications, microRNA profiles, and mitochondrial and ribosomal functions are altered in response to exercise training, leading to improved skeletal muscle, hippocampal, and cardiovascular function. Cross talk among the pathways underlying tissue-specific and systemic responses to exercise is also considered. The authors also discuss how the understanding of such molecular mechanisms may lead to the development of drugs that mitigate aging and disease. This volume will therefore serve as a vital reference for all involved in the fields of sports science and medicine, as well as anyone seeking to understand the molecular mechanisms by which exercise promotes whole-body health.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 1894 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cardiac Mechano-Electric Coupling and Arrhythmias by : Peter Kohl
Download or read book Cardiac Mechano-Electric Coupling and Arrhythmias written by Peter Kohl and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiac Mechano-Electric Coupling and Arrhythmias offers a thoroughly reviewed compendium written by leading experts in the field on the mechanism and consequences of cardiac mechano-electrical coupling. Its coverage ranges from stretch-activated ion channels to mechanically induced arrhythmias and mechanical interventions for heart rhythm correction. Information is grouped into logical sections, from molecular mechanisms, to cell, tissue and whole organ responses, right through to patient-based observations and insight emerging from clinical trials. The information provided carefully highlights both consensus insight and current shortcomings in our understanding of cardiac mechano-electric coupling. The book has been thoroughly revised and expanded since publication of the first edition in 2005, extensively updated to reflect recent developments in the field, and now offers a more balanced view of mechano-electrical interactions in the heart and develops a more clinical focus. Written with the practising cardiologist and junior doctor in mind, it offers interesting new insight for the established physician with an interest in cardiac arrhythmogenesis and heart rhythm management.
Book Synopsis Heart Development and Disease by : Benoit G. Bruneau
Download or read book Heart Development and Disease written by Benoit G. Bruneau and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of the heart is a complex process and can lead to serious congenital disease if the process goes awry. This book provides a detailed description of the cell lineages involved in heart development and how their migration and morphogenesis are controlled. It also examines the genetic and environmental bases for congenital heart disease and how model systems are revealing more about the processes involved. Topics covered in this essential volume include: - Anatomy of a Developing Heart - Genetic and Epigenetic Control of Heart Development - Development of the Cardiac Conduction System - Genetic Basis of Human Congenital Heart Disease - In Vivo and In Vitro Genetic Models of Congenital Heart Disease
Book Synopsis Disorders of Voluntary Muscle by : George Karpati
Download or read book Disorders of Voluntary Muscle written by George Karpati and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-07-12 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rewritten and redesigned, this remains the one essential text on the diseases of skeletal muscle.
Book Synopsis Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow by : Michitoshi Inoue
Download or read book Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow written by Michitoshi Inoue and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research centering on blood flow in the heart continues to hold an important position, especially since a better understanding of the subject may help reduce the incidence of coronary arterial disease and heart attacks. This book summarizes recent advances in the field; it is the product of fruitful cooperation among international scientists who met in Japan in May, 1990 to discuss the regulation of coronary blood flow.
Book Synopsis Cardiac Cell Biology by : Elissavet Kardami
Download or read book Cardiac Cell Biology written by Elissavet Kardami and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-02-28 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiac cell biology has come of age. Recognition of activated or modified signaling molecules by specific antibodies, new selective inhibitors, and fluorescent fusion tags are but a few of the tools used to dissect signaling pathways and cross-talk mechanisms that may eventually allow rational drug design. Understanding the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy in all its complexity remains a fundamental goal of cardiac research. Since the advancement of adenovirally mediated gene transfer, transfection efficiency is no longer a limiting factor in the study of cardiomyocytes. A limiting factor in considering cell transplantion as a strategy to repair the damaged heart is cell availability at the right time. Cardiac gap junctions, intercellular communication channels that allow electrical and metabolic coupling and play an important role in arrhythmogenesis are now understood to be exquisite sensors of cardiac change. The reports in this volume incLude elegant studies that made use of cutting edge technological advances and many specialized reagents to address these issues.
Book Synopsis Mechanosensitivity and Mechanotransduction by : Irina Kiseleva
Download or read book Mechanosensitivity and Mechanotransduction written by Irina Kiseleva and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-18 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest findings in the field of research of mechanosensitivity and mechanotransduction in different cells and tissues. Mechanosensitivity and mechanotransduction of the heart and vascular cells, in the lung, in bone and joint tissues, in sensor systems and in blood cells are described in detail. This Volume focuses on molecular mechanisms of mechanosensitivity and mechanotransduction via cytoskeleton. Integrin-mediated mechanotransduction, the role of actin cytoskeleton and the role of other cytoskeletal elements are discussed. It contains a detailed description of several stretch-induced signaling cascades with multiple levels of crosstalk between different pathways. It contains a description of the role of nitric oxide in regulation of cardiac activity and in regulation of mechanically gated channels in the heart. In the heart mechanical signals are propagated into the intracellular space primarily via integrin-linked complexes, and are subsequently transmitted from cell to cell via paracrine signaling. Biochemical signals derived from mechanical stimuli activate both acute phosphorylation of signaling cascades, such as in the PI3K, FAK, and ILK pathways, and long-term morphological modii cations via intracellular cytoskeletal reorganization and extracellular matrix remodelling. Cellular and molecular effects of mechanical stretch on vascular cells are also discussed. This Volume highlights the role of mechanotransduction in the lung, in bone and joint tissues. For the first time mechanosensitivity and mechanotransduction in blood cells are discussed. It contains new insights into mechanosensitive K+ channels functioning in mouse B lymphocytes. This book is a unique collection of reviews outlining current knowledge and future developments in this rapidly growing field. Currently, investigations of the molecular mechanisms of mechanosensitivity and mechanotransduction are focused on several issues. The majority of studies investigate intracellular signaling pathways. Knowledge of the mechanisms which underlie these processes is necessary for understanding of the normal functioning of different organs and tissues and allows to predict changes, which arise due to alterations of their environment. Possibly such knowledge will allow the development of new methods of artificial intervention and therapies. This book brings up the problem closer to the experts in related medical and biological sciences as well as practicing doctors besides just presenting the latest achievements in the field.
Book Synopsis Regenerative Rehabilitation by : Sarah M. Greising
Download or read book Regenerative Rehabilitation written by Sarah M. Greising and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contributed volume presents the current state of research on regenerative rehabilitation across a broad range of neuro- and musculoskeletal tissues. At its core, the primary goal of regenerative rehabilitation is to restore function after damage to bones, skeletal muscles, cartilage, ligaments/tendons, or tissues of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The authors describe the physiology of these neuro- and musculoskeletal tissue types and their inherent plasticity. The latter quality is what enables these tissues to adapt to mechanical and/or chemical cues to improve functional capacity. As a result, readers will learn how regenerative rehabilitation exploits that quality, to trigger positive changes in tissue function. Combining basic, translational, and clinical aspects of the topic, the book offers a valuable resource for both scientists and clinicians in the regenerative rehabilitation field.
Book Synopsis Microdomains in the Cardiovascular System by : Viacheslav Nikolaev
Download or read book Microdomains in the Cardiovascular System written by Viacheslav Nikolaev and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book comprehensively presents new findings in cardiovascular research related to signaling microdomains in health and disease. Important second messengers such as cAMP, cGMP, calcium and their role in microdomain signaling are discussed. The book offers and explains methodical approaches and technical ways how to successfully analyze microdomain signaling, also in the context of disease. It further provides scientific perspectives and strategies that are based on the concept of signaling within microdomains and that can revolutionize pharmacology and eventually lead to the effective treatment of cardiovascular diseases in future.This book is written for scientists in cardiovascular research, pharmacology, molecular and cellular biology as well as medical doctors in cardiology, angiology and nephrology.
