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Mechanisms And Mediators Of Neuropathic Pain
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Book Synopsis Mechanisms and Mediators of Neuropathic Pain by : Annika B. Malmberg
Download or read book Mechanisms and Mediators of Neuropathic Pain written by Annika B. Malmberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous improvements in our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie neuropathic pain states have come from the development of animal models, most of which involve partial peripheral nerve injury. The animal models have shown that nerve injury initiates a cascade of events resulting in altered neurochemistry and molecular biology of the peripheral neurons, the dorsal root ganglion cell, and changes in neurotransmitter and receptor expression in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Moreover, nerve injury produces anatomical changes with functional consequences. This volume summarises the current understanding of the pathophysiological processes in the peripheral and central nervous system that contribute to the neuropathic pain. It provides a timely review of neuropathic pain mechanisms, written by experts in the field.
Book Synopsis Identification & Characterization of Potential Mediators & Mechanisms Invloved in Neuropathic Pain by : Amin Boroujerdi
Download or read book Identification & Characterization of Potential Mediators & Mechanisms Invloved in Neuropathic Pain written by Amin Boroujerdi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensation and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue injury. Everyone at some point has experienced a painful sensation. Pain can cause unwanted physical, emotional and social anguish throughout one's daily life. According to the American Chronic Pain Association, pain is the number one cause of adult disability in the U.S. costing an estimated $80 billion annually in medical bills and lost productivity. Unfortunately, over the past decades, our understanding of pain mechanisms and efforts to control pain are not adequate. So as a consequence, current medications for pain managements, especially that for chronic pain, are not efficacious, and often associated with intolerable side effects. Therefore, target specific, mechanism based therapeutic medications for effective, and safe pain control is an unmet medical need. In my dissertation I have focused on characterizing the role of two proteins involved in mediating neuropathic pain, a form of chronic pain. I provide evidence showing that the auxiliary subunit of the voltage gated calcium channel alpha 2 delta-1 protein is upregulated in the dorsal spinal cord (DSC) due to peripheral nerve injury. This upregulation can be pervented by blocking ectopic discharges at the site of injury or using intrathecal calcium channel alpha 2 delta-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide preemptively. This inhibition of calcium channel alpha 2 delta-1 levels in DSC result in delay in the development of neuropathic pain, suggesting elevated levels of calcium channel alpha 2 delta-1 in the DSC mediates the initiation of peripheral nerve injury induced neuropathic pain. I have also determined that the calcium channel alpha 2 delta-1 protein plays a role in central neuropathic pain. I observed an upregulation of the calcium channel alpha 2 delta-1 protein in the DSC of spinal cord injured (SCI) rats with neuropathic pain states, and both neuropathic pain states and calcium channel alpha 2 delta-1 protein levels could be reversed by intrathecal calcium channel alpha 2 delta-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. Lastly, I contributed to identifying thrombospondin-4 (TSP4) protein, a synapse inducer, as a novel mediator in the development of neuropathic pain. Similar to the calcium channel alpha 2 delta-1 protein, TSP4 protein levels were also upregulated in DSC of peripheral nerve injury induced neuropathic pain models that correlated with pain states, . Various pharmacological agents could alter both the TSP4 levels in DSC and behavioral hypersensitivity supporting the notion that TSP4 plays a novel role in neuropathic pain. I was also able to show using immunohistchemistry that enhanced levels of TSP4 colocalized with calcium channel alpha 2 delta-1 and presynaptic marker synaptic vesicle-2 protein (sv2) in the DSC, suggesting that interaction of these two proteins plays a possible role in spinal synaptogenesis, leading to neuropathic pain transmission. These findings provide a greater understanding in the mechanism of chronic pain, which can ultimately contribute to development of new target specific medications for alleviating this debilitating disease state.
Book Synopsis Injuries of Nerves and Their Consequences by : Silas Weir Mitchell
Download or read book Injuries of Nerves and Their Consequences written by Silas Weir Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 1872 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Vascular Disease by : Robert Fitridge
Download or read book Mechanisms of Vascular Disease written by Robert Fitridge and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New updated edition first published with Cambridge University Press. This new edition includes 29 chapters on topics as diverse as pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, vascular haemodynamics, haemostasis, thrombophilia and post-amputation pain syndromes.
Book Synopsis Cytokines and Pain by : L.R. Watkins
Download or read book Cytokines and Pain written by L.R. Watkins and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the past few years, it has become recognized that the immune system communicates to the brain. Substances released from activated immune cells (cytokines) stimulate peripheral nerves, thereby signaling the brain and spinal cord that infection/inflammation has occurred. Additionally, peripheral infection/inflammation leads to de novo synthesis and release of cytokines within the brain and spinal cord. Thus, cytokines effect neural activation both peripherally and centrally. Through this communication pathway, cytokines such as interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor markedly alter brain function, physiology and behavior. One important but underrecognized aspect of this communication is the dramatic impact that immune activation has on pain modulation. The purpose of this book is to examine, for the first time, immune-to-brain communication from the viewpoint of its effect on pain processing. It is aimed both at the basic scientist and health care providers, in order to clarify the major role that substances released by immune cells play in pain modulation. This book contains chapters contributed by all of the major laboratories focused on understanding how cytokines modulate pain. These chapters provide a unique vantage point from which to examine this question, as the summarized work ranges from evolutionary approaches across diverse species, to the basics of the immune response, to the effect of cytokines on peripheral and central nervous system sites, to therapeutic potential in humans.
Book Synopsis Acute Pain Management by : Raymond S. Sinatra
Download or read book Acute Pain Management written by Raymond S. Sinatra and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-27 with total page 729 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides an overview of pain management useful to specialists as well as non-specialists, surgeons, and nursing staff.
Download or read book Neuropathic Pain written by Cory Toth and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-07 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Central or peripheral neuropathic pain can be caused by a wide range of injuries, infections and diseases such as: spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, stroke, herpes zoster, diabetes and cancer. Many of these pain syndromes are difficult to treat, representing a challenge for many neurologists not routinely trained in pain management. Written by an international team of experts in the field, Neuropathic Pain: Causes, Management and Understanding gives readers an in-depth understanding of the multitude of conditions causing neuropathic pain. Epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, pathophysiology, outcome measurement and the best evidence-based management of individual and general neuropathic pain conditions are also described in depth. A unique chapter, written from a patient's viewpoint, gives new insight into how chronic neuropathic pain affects the lives of those patients with the condition. This book is essential reading for all pain specialists, neurologists, psychiatrists and anesthesiologists who wish to better understand their patients' neuropathic pain.
Download or read book Analgesia written by Christoph Stein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-26 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the development and experimental validation of the structural test strategy called Oscillation-Based Test – OBT in short. The results presented here assert, not only from a theoretical point of view, but also based on a wide experimental support, that OBT is an efficient defect-oriented test solution, complementing the existing functional test techniques for mixed-signal circuits.
Book Synopsis The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics by : Raymond S. Sinatra
Download or read book The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics written by Raymond S. Sinatra and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-10-14 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics is an invaluable practical resource for clinicians giving pain relief in any clinical setting, describing the pharmacologic principles and clinical use of all available pain medications. As well as detailed overviews of pain processing and analgesic theory, sections are dedicated to oral and panteral opioid analgesics, neuraxial opioids, NSAIDs, local anesthetics, anticonvulsant type analgesics, NMDA antagonists, alpha adrenergic analgesics, antidepressant analgesics, muscle relaxants, adjuvant medications, and new and emerging analgesics. The concise format of the chapters allows for quick and easy reading and assimilation of information. Enhanced by summary tables and figures, each chapter provides an overview of a particular drug, covering chemical structure, mode of activity, indications, contraindications, common doses and uses, advantages and disadvantages, and drug related adverse events. Key references are also provided. Edited by leading experts in pain management, this is essential reading for any clinician involved in pain management.
Book Synopsis Pain Modulation by : Howard L. Fields
Download or read book Pain Modulation written by Howard L. Fields and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents edited material that was presented at a conference on brainstem modulation of spinal nociception held in Beaune, France during July, 1987. Pain Modulation, Volume 77 in the series Progress in Brain Research reviews, analyses and suggests new research strategies on several relevant topics including: the endogenous opioid peptides; sites of action of opiates; the role of biogenic animes and non-opioid peptides in analgesia; dorsal horn circuitry; behavioural factors in the activation of pain modulating networks and clinical studies of nociceptive modulation.
Book Synopsis Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology by : Philip Conaghan
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology written by Philip Conaghan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-10 with total page 1553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A strong clinical emphasis is present throughout this volume from the first section of commonly presenting problems through to the section addressing problems shared with a range of other clinical sub-specialties.
Book Synopsis Essential Clinical Anesthesia by : Charles Vacanti
Download or read book Essential Clinical Anesthesia written by Charles Vacanti and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-07-11 with total page 1191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The clinical practice of anesthesia has undergone many advances in the past few years, making this the perfect time for a new state-of-the-art anesthesia textbook for practitioners and trainees. The goal of this book is to provide a modern, clinically focused textbook giving rapid access to comprehensive, succinct knowledge from experts in the field. All clinical topics of relevance to anesthesiology are organized into 29 sections consisting of more than 180 chapters. The print version contains 166 chapters that cover all of the essential clinical topics, while an additional 17 chapters on subjects of interest to the more advanced practitioner can be freely accessed at www.cambridge.org/vacanti. Newer techniques such as ultrasound nerve blocks, robotic surgery and transesophageal echocardiography are included, and numerous illustrations and tables assist the reader in rapidly assimilating key information. This authoritative text is edited by distinguished Harvard Medical School faculty, with contributors from many of the leading academic anesthesiology departments in the United States and an introduction from Dr S. R. Mallampati. This book is your essential companion when preparing for board review and recertification exams and in your daily clinical practice.
Download or read book Acute Pain written by Lesley Bromley and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-03 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text covers the fundamentals of pain, the pharmacology of drugs used, and summarises the current evidence base for the management of acute pain. It provides practical direct clinical applications and strategies for the management of specific medical conditions in patient groups such as the elderly
Book Synopsis Textbook of Pain by : Patrick D. Wall
Download or read book Textbook of Pain written by Patrick D. Wall and published by Edinburgh : Churchill Livingstone. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 1064 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New Edition of the most comprehensive and scholarly reference book on pain research and management has been completely revised and updated. Covers all aspects of the understanding and management of pain.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Anaesthesia by : Colin Pinnock
Download or read book Fundamentals of Anaesthesia written by Colin Pinnock and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-12 with total page 990 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Fundamentals of Anaesthesia builds upon the success of the first edition, and encapsulates the modern practice of anaesthesia in a single volume. Written and edited by a team of expert contributors, it provides a comprehensive but easily readable account of all of the information required by the FRCA Primary examination candidate and has been expanded to include more detail on all topics and to include new topics now covered in the examination. As with the previous edition, presentation of information is clear and concise, with the use of lists, tables, summary boxes and line illustrations where necessary to highlight important information and aid the understanding of complex topics. Great care has been taken to ensure an unrivalled consistency of style and presentation throughout.
Download or read book Itch written by E. Carstens and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in itch research have elucidated differences between itch and pain but have also blurred the distinction between them. There is a long debate about how somatic sensations including touch, pain, itch, and temperature sensitivity are encoded by the nervous system. Research suggests that each sensory modality is processed along a fixed, direct-line communication system from the skin to the brain. Itch: Mechanisms and Treatment presents a timely update on all aspects of itch research and the clinical treatment of itch that accompanies many dermatological conditions including psoriasis, neuropathic itch, cutaneous t-cells lymphomas, and systemic diseases such as kidney and liver disease and cancer. Composed of contributions from distinguished researchers around the world, the book explores topics such as: Neuropathic itch Peripheral neuronal mechanism of itch The role of PAR-2 in neuroimmune communication and itch Mrgprs as itch receptors The role of interleukin-31 and oncostatin M in itch and neuroimmune communication Spinal coding of itch and pain Spinal microcircuits and the regulation of itch Examining new findings on cellular and molecular mechanisms, the book is a compendium of the most current research on itch, its prevalence in society, and the problems associated with treatment.
Book Synopsis Sickle Cell Pain by : Samir K. Ballas
Download or read book Sickle Cell Pain written by Samir K. Ballas and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sickle Cell Pain is a panoramic, in-depth exploration of every scientific, human, and social dimension of this cruel disease. This comprehensive, definitive work is unique in that it is the only book devoted to sickle cell pain, as opposed to general aspects of the disease. The 752-page book links sickle cell pain to basic, clinical, and translational research, addressing various aspects of sickle pain from molecular biology to the psychosocial aspects of the disease. Supplemented with patient narratives, case studies, and visual art, Sickle Cell Pain’s scientific rigor extends through its discussion of analgesic pharmacology, including abuse-deterrent formulations. The book also addresses in great detail inequities in access to care, stereotyping and stigmatization of patients, the implications of rapidly evolving models of care, and recent legislation and litigation and their consequences.
