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Author : Andrew Gilmore Dickson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781897176078
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (76 download)
Download or read book Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements written by Andrew Gilmore Dickson and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Joint Panel on Oceanographic Tables and Standards. Sub-panel on Standards for CO2 Measurements
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Reference Materials for Oceanic Carbon Dioxide Measurements written by Joint Panel on Oceanographic Tables and Standards. Sub-panel on Standards for CO2 Measurements and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : SCOR Working Group 75
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (5 download)
Download or read book Methodology for Oceanic CO2 Measurements written by SCOR Working Group 75 and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : A. G. Dickson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (131 download)
Download or read book Measuring Oceanic CO2 written by A. G. Dickson and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (21 download)
Download or read book Guide to Best Practices for Ocean Acidification Research and Data Reporting written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Measurements of Surface Ocean Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure During WOCE. written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All of the technical goals of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) field program which were supported under the Department of Energy research grant ''Measurements of Surface Ocean Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure During WOCE'' (DE-FG03-90ER60981) have been met. This has included the measurement of the partial pressures of carbon dioxide (C02) and nitrous oxide (N2O) in both the surface ocean and the atmosphere on 24 separate shipboard expedition legs of the WOCE Hydrographic Programme. These measurements were made in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans over a six-and-a-half year period, and over a distance of nearly 200,000 kilometers of ship track. The total number of measurements, including ocean measurements, air measurements and standard gas measurements, is about 136,000 for each gas, or about 34,000 measurements of each gas in the ocean and in the air. This global survey effort is directed at obtaining a better understanding of the role of the oceans in the global atmospheric budgets of two important natural and anthropogenic modulators of climate through the ''greenhouse effect'', CO2 and N2O, and an important natural and anthropogenic modulator of the Earth's protective ozone layer through catalytic processes in the stratosphere, N2O. For both of these compounds, the oceans play a major role in their global budgets. In the case of CO2, roughly half of the anthropogenic production through the combustion of fossil fuels has been absorbed by the world's oceans. In the case of N2O, roughly a third of the natural flux to the atmosphere originates in the oceans. As the interpretation of the variability in the oceanic distributions of these compounds improves, measurements such as those supported by this research project are playing an increasingly important role in improving our understanding of natural and anthropogenic influences on climate and ozone. (B204).
Author : John R. Trabalka
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475719159
Total Pages : 615 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)
Download or read book The Changing Carbon Cycle written by John R. Trabalka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States Government, cognizant of its responsibilities to future generations, has been sponsoring research for nine years into the causes, effects, and potential impacts of increased concentrations of carbon dioxide (C0 ) in the atmosphere. Agencies such as the National Science Foun 2 dation, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) cooperatively spent about $100 million from FY 1978 through FY 1984 directly on the study of CO • The DOE, as the 2 lead government agency for coordinating the government' s research ef forts, has been responsible for about 60% of these research efforts. William James succinctly defined our purpose when he stated science must be based upon " ... irreducible and stubborn facts." Scientific knowledge can and will reduce the present significant uncertainty sur rounding our understanding of the causes, effects, and potential impacts of increasing atmospheric CO2• We have come far during the past seven years in resolving some underlyinig doubts and in narrowing the ranges of disagreement. Basic concepts have become less murky. Yet, much more must be accomplished; more irreducible and stubborn facts are needed to reduce the uncertainties so that we can improve our knowledge base. Uncertainty can never be reduced to zero. However, with a much improved knowledge base, we will be able to learn, under stand, and be in a position to make decisions.
Author : Joint Panel on Oceanographic Tables and Standards
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (74 download)
Download or read book Reference Materials for Oceanic Carbon Dioxide Measurements. Report of the Sub-panel on Standards for CO2 Measurement written by Joint Panel on Oceanographic Tables and Standards and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ian S. Robinson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540426479
Total Pages : 752 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (264 download)
Download or read book Measuring the Oceans from Space written by Ian S. Robinson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-06-30 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the fundamental principles of measuring oceans from space, and also contains state-of-the-art developments in data analysis and interpretation and in sensors. Completely new will be material covering advances in oceanography that have grown out of remote sensing, including some of the global applications of the data. The variety of applications of remotely sensed data to ocean science has grown significantly and new areas of science are emerging to exploit the gobal datasets being recovered by satellites, particularly in relation to climate and climate change, basin-scale, air-sea interaction processes (e.g. El Nino) and the modelling, forecasting and prediction of the ocean.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (847 download)
Download or read book Methodology for Oceanic CO2 Measurements written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030916155X
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Ocean Acidification written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ocean has absorbed a significant portion of all human-made carbon dioxide emissions. This benefits human society by moderating the rate of climate change, but also causes unprecedented changes to ocean chemistry. Carbon dioxide taken up by the ocean decreases the pH of the water and leads to a suite of chemical changes collectively known as ocean acidification. The long term consequences of ocean acidification are not known, but are expected to result in changes to many ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean reviews the current state of knowledge, explores gaps in understanding, and identifies several key findings. Like climate change, ocean acidification is a growing global problem that will intensify with continued CO2 emissions and has the potential to change marine ecosystems and affect benefits to society. The federal government has taken positive initial steps by developing a national ocean acidification program, but more information is needed to fully understand and address the threat that ocean acidification may pose to marine ecosystems and the services they provide. In addition, a global observation network of chemical and biological sensors is needed to monitor changes in ocean conditions attributable to acidification.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)
Download or read book Oceanic CO2 Measurements for the WOCE Hydrographic Survey in the Pacific Ocean, 1990--1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Office of Health and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy (DOE), actively supports global survey investigations of carbon dioxide in the oceans. This large scale study is in conjunction with the hydrographic program of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE/HP). On ocean cruises operated by WOCE/HP, carbon dioxide analysis groups, from various oceanographic institutions, perform shipboard chemical measurements of the inorganic carbon system in the ocean. Measurements of total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) are of central importance to this carbon survey. Shipboard measurements of DIC were made by employing a coulometric technique. The majority of coulometric measurements were made on an integrated automatic device, the Single Operator Multi-Parameter Metabolic Analyzer (SOMMA). In addition to DIC determinations, shipboard analytical groups measured at least one additional parameter of sea water carbon chemistry. This was done to more fully characterize the inorganic carbon system of the sea water sample. This thechnical data report presents DIC and ALK measurements performed in the SIO laboratory on replicate samples collected on the five expedition legs of the WOCE/HP cruises.
Author : Mick Follows
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402020872
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book The Ocean Carbon Cycle and Climate written by Mick Follows and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our desire to understand the global carbon cycle and its link to the climate system represents a huge challenge. These overarching questions have driven a great deal of scientific endeavour in recent years: What are the basic oceanic mechanisms which control the oceanic carbon reservoirs and the partitioning of carbon between ocean and atmosphere? How do these mechanisms depend on the state of the climate system and how does the carbon cycle feed back on climate? What is the current rate at which fossil fuel carbon dioxide is absorbed by the oceans and how might this change in the future? To begin to answer these questions we must first understand the distribution of carbon in the ocean, its partitioning between different ocean reservoirs (the "solubility" and "biological" pumps of carbon), the mechanisms controlling these reservoirs, and the relationship of the significant physical and biological processes to the physical environment. The recent surveys from the JGOFS and WOCE (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study and World Ocean Circulation Ex periment) programs have given us a first truly global survey of the physical and biogeochemical properties of the ocean. These new, high quality data provide the opportunity to better quantify the present oceans reservoirs of carbon and the changes due to fossil fuel burning. In addition, diverse process studies and time-series observations have clearly revealed the complexity of interactions between nutrient cycles, ecosystems, the carbon-cycle and the physical envi ronment.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 3 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Oceanic CO2 Measurements for the WOCE Hydrological Survey in the Pacific Ocean ; Shipboard Alkalinity Analyses During 1991 and 1992. Technical Progress Report, 1 February 1992--31 October, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over a period of several years the DOE Carbon Dioxide Science Team is contributing measurements of the carbon cycle in sea water on transects of the WOCE Hydrological Survey sponsored by the United States. As noted in our report of 6 December, 1991, our laboratory is contributing measurements of titration alkalinity of sea water to this effort. This paper discusses technical progress made in 1992.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (889 download)
Download or read book Reference Materials for Oceanic Carbon Dioxide Measurements written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 3 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Oceanic CO2 Measurements for the WOCE Hydrological Survey in the Pacific Ocean ; Shipboard Alkalinity Analyses During 1991 and 1992. Technical Progress Report, 1 February 1991--31 January 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The DOE Carbon Dioxide Science Team is contributing measurements of the carbon system in sea water on transects of the WOCE Hydrological Survey sponsored by the United States. This project is to provide measurements of titration alkalinity of sea water, an effort that is in addition to our collecting samples of sea water brought back to our shore laboratory and analyzed for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and alkalinity. Our original proposal called for approximately 1200 analyses at sea in 1991 and 4400 in 1992. In preparation for measurements at sea, the project budget called for the construction of a dual potentiometric sea-going titration system. The titration system is of novel design in order to achieve at sea as close as possible the same high precision that we have previously achieved in the laboratory using gravimetric procedures. Two motor driven precision syringes dispense sea water volumetrically to two titration cells, each separately connected to a Dosimat acid dispenser. Each system is driven by a notebook computer that analyzes the full titration curve of sea water and calculates the alkalinity.
Author : SCOR Working Group 75
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (73 download)
Download or read book Methodology for Oceanic CO2 Measurements. Final Report written by SCOR Working Group 75 and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
