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Measurements Of Cirrus Backscatter Phase Functions Using A High Spectral Resolution Lidar
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Book Synopsis Measurements of Cirrus Backscatter Phase Functions Using a High Spectral Resolution Lidar by : Robert E. Holz
Download or read book Measurements of Cirrus Backscatter Phase Functions Using a High Spectral Resolution Lidar written by Robert E. Holz and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurement of Cirrus Cloud Optical Properties by High Spectral Resolution Lidar by : Christian John Grund
Download or read book Measurement of Cirrus Cloud Optical Properties by High Spectral Resolution Lidar written by Christian John Grund and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Technique to Measure Cirrus Cloud Effective Particle Size Using a High Spectral Resolution Lidar by : Ralph E. Kuehn
Download or read book A Technique to Measure Cirrus Cloud Effective Particle Size Using a High Spectral Resolution Lidar written by Ralph E. Kuehn and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measuring Atmospheric Extinction and Backscatter with a High Spectral Resolution Lidar by : Edwin W. Eloranta
Download or read book Measuring Atmospheric Extinction and Backscatter with a High Spectral Resolution Lidar written by Edwin W. Eloranta and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The University of Wisconsin High Spectral Resolution Lindar (HSRL) is designed to make unambiguous, remote measurements of extinction cross sections and backscatter phase functions. This investigation was planned to observe the dependence of aerosol scattering properties on relative humidity. A series of observations were performed. These data showed the expected increase of scattering cross section with increases in relative humidity. In addition the measurements showed that the backscatter phase function appeared to be constant while the total scattering cross section varied. This was a puzzling result. Mean particle size in an aerosol haze should increase with relative humidity; Mie scattering calculations predict that the backscatter phase function is a function of the mean size. A careful analysis of the measurement confidence limits indicated that we could not eliminate calibration uncertainties were unacceptable. At this point we changed the focus of our effort from measurements to instrument improvements.
Book Synopsis Advances in Atmospheric Remote Sensing with Lidar by : Albert Ansmann
Download or read book Advances in Atmospheric Remote Sensing with Lidar written by Albert Ansmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lidar or laser radar, the depth-resolved remote measurement of atmospheric parameters with optical means, has become an important tool in the field of atmospheric and environmental remote sensing. In this volume the latest progress in the development of Lidar methods, experiments, and applications is described. The content is based on selected and thoroughly refereed papers presented at the 18th International Laser Radar Conference, Berlin, 22 - 26 July 1996. The book is divided into six parts which cover the topics of tropospheric aerosols and clouds, Lidar in space, wind, water vapor, troposheric trace gases and plumes, and stratospheric and mesospheric profiling. As a supplement to fundamental LIDAR textbooks this volume may serve as a guide through the blossoming field of modern Lidar techniques.
Book Synopsis The Measurement of Cirrus Cloud Structure and Optical Properties with a High Spectral Resolution Lidar and a Volume Imaging Lidar by : Edwin Walter Eloranta
Download or read book The Measurement of Cirrus Cloud Structure and Optical Properties with a High Spectral Resolution Lidar and a Volume Imaging Lidar written by Edwin Walter Eloranta and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurement of Cirrus Cloud Structure and Optical Properties with a High Spectral Resolution Lidar and a Volume Imaging Lidar by :
Download or read book Measurement of Cirrus Cloud Structure and Optical Properties with a High Spectral Resolution Lidar and a Volume Imaging Lidar written by and published by . This book was released on 1900 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization of Cirrus Clouds from Ground-based Remote Sensing Using the Synergy of Lidar and Multi-spectral Infrared Radiometry by : Friederike Hemmer
Download or read book Characterization of Cirrus Clouds from Ground-based Remote Sensing Using the Synergy of Lidar and Multi-spectral Infrared Radiometry written by Friederike Hemmer and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a broad consensus that cirrus clouds strongly influence the climate of the Earth. However, their net radiative effect is still poorly quantified nowadays due to an insufficient knowledge of their microphysical properties. This thesis aims to improve our understanding of the complex microphysics of this cloud type mainly composed of irregularly shaped ice crystals and thereby improve estimates of the ice water content (IWC). For this purpose, we developed an algorithm to retrieve vertical profiles of the IWC of cirrus clouds. The methodology combines the measurements of a ground-based lidar and a thermal infrared (TIR) radiometer in a common optimal estimation framework. It follows three steps: (1) An algorithm to retrieve the vertically integrated amount of ice (ice water path, IWP) from the passive TIR measurements is established. (2) The information about the vertical distribution of the IWC inside the cloud is obtained from the active lidar measurements. These retrievals strongly depend on the backscatter-to-extinction ratio of the ice crystals which is obtained from a bulk ice microphysical model. The scattering phase function of this model used to define the backscatter-to-extinction ratio assumes a flat ending without backscattering peak. We show that this assumption is unrealistic since it results in the retrieval of IWC profiles which are inconsistent with the TIR measurements. (3) Consequently, both types of measurements are combined in a synergistic algorithm allowing to estimate together with the IWC profiles a correction factor for the phase function in backscattering direction. Finally, the retrieval results and associated hypotheses are discussed.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Visible and Infrared Cirrus Cloud Optical Properties Using High Spectral Resolution Remote Sensing by : Daniel H. DeSlover
Download or read book Analysis of Visible and Infrared Cirrus Cloud Optical Properties Using High Spectral Resolution Remote Sensing written by Daniel H. DeSlover and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Weather Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Observations of Tropical Cirrus by Elastic Backscatter Lidars and the Development of a Cloud and Aerosol Retrieval Algorithm for Raman Lidars by : Tyler J. Thorsen
Download or read book Observations of Tropical Cirrus by Elastic Backscatter Lidars and the Development of a Cloud and Aerosol Retrieval Algorithm for Raman Lidars written by Tyler J. Thorsen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical cirrus cloud properties from elastic backscatter lidars--- namely the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program's ground-based micropulse lidars (MPL) and the spaceborne Cloud-Aerosol Lidar Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) lidar--- are examined. The MPL detects significantly less cirrus clouds relative to CALIPSO, particularly during the daytime. However, the MPL samples enough cirrus at night to provide similar statistics of macrophysical and optical properties as CALIPSO. Both sets of lidar observations are supplemented with cloud radar observations to calculate radiative heating rate profiles from a ground-based and spaceborne perspective. The inferred radiative effect of clouds is much smaller when using the ground-based data, mostly due to the lack of cirrus detected by the MPL. The relatively new and more advance ARM Raman lidar (RL) is shown to be more sensitive to cirrus than the ARM MPL and detects a similar amount of cirrus as CALIPSO. Daytime measurements using the RL elastic channel are relatively unaffected by the solar background and are therefore suited for checking the observed diurnal cycles from the MPL and CALIPSO. Comparisons with RL observations show that the geometrical thickness of cirrus from the MPL and CALIPSO datasets are biased thin during the daytime due to increased noise. Various upgrades since its conception have made the ARM RL a viable tool for cloud studies as demonstrated by this thesis. Since the ARM RL was not originally designed for cloud observations, the current automated processing algorithms do not identify all clouds nor attempt to retrieve cloud extinction profiles. Therefore an improved Feature detection and EXtinction retrieval (FEX) algorithm is developed. The approach of FEX is to use multiple quantities to identify features (clouds and aerosols) using range-dependent context-sensitive detection thresholds. The use of multiple quantities provides complementary depictions of cloud and aerosol locations. The extinction profiles are directly retrieved using the Raman method, which are supplemented by other retrieval methods developed for elastic backscatter lidars. A classification of feature type is made guided by the atmosphere's thermodynamic state and the feature's scattering properties. The contribution of multiple scattering, which is significant for hydrometeors, is explicitly considered for each of the ARM RL channels. The FEX framework is also suitable for other advance lidars, i.e. high spectral resolution lidars (HSRL). The continuously operated, automated ARM RLs paired with FEX provide an enormous wealth of water vapor, temperature, aerosol and cloud data unmatched by other remote sensing systems.
Book Synopsis Measurement of Ice Water Content in Cirrus Clouds with the High Spectral Resolution Lidar by : Edwin Walter Eloranta
Download or read book Measurement of Ice Water Content in Cirrus Clouds with the High Spectral Resolution Lidar written by Edwin Walter Eloranta and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cirrus written by David K. Lynch and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-01-24 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cirrus clouds are high, thin, tropospheric clouds composed predominately of ice. In the last ten years, considerable work has shown that cirrus is widespread--more common than previously believed--and has a significant impact on climate and global change. As the next generation weather satellites are being designed, the impact of cirrus on remote sensing and the global energy budget must be recognized and accommodated. This book, the first to be devoted entirely to cirrus clouds, captures the state of knowledge of cirrus and serves as a practical handbook as well. Each chapter is based on an invited review talk presented at Cirrus, a meeting hosted by the Optical Society of America and co-sponsored by the American Geophysical Union and the American Meteorological Society. All aspects of cirrus clouds are covered, an approach that reaches into diverse fields. Topics include: the definition of cirrus, cirrus climatologies, nucleation, evolution and dissipation, mixed-phase thermodynamics, crystallinity, orientation mechanisms, dynamics, scattering, radiative transfer, in situ sampling, processes that produce or influence cirrus (and vice versa), contrails, and the influence of cirrus on climate.
Book Synopsis Laboratory Measurements of Atmospheric Temperature and Backscatter Ratio Using a High Spectral Resolution Lidar Technique by : Frank J. Lehmann
Download or read book Laboratory Measurements of Atmospheric Temperature and Backscatter Ratio Using a High Spectral Resolution Lidar Technique written by Frank J. Lehmann and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis FIRE Science Results 1989 by : David S. MacDougal
Download or read book FIRE Science Results 1989 written by David S. MacDougal and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis of Multiple Wavelength Lidar Backscatter from Cirrus by : John R. Roadcap
Download or read book Analysis of Multiple Wavelength Lidar Backscatter from Cirrus written by John R. Roadcap and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lidar backscatter from cirrus cloud particles at multiple wavelengths (532 nm, 1064 nm, 10591 nm) was measured at Hanscom AFB, MA in August 2001. Range-resolved measurements were made for several hours daily at altitudes from 9 km to 16 km over a temperature range of -30C to -70C. Three days were selected for study -- 9 August, 14 August, and 16 August 2001. Cirrus backscatter measurements were analyzed in combination with scattering theory for ice spheres and long ice cylinders to better understand their behavior. For 532 nm and 1064 nm, the logarithm (base 10) of backscatter magnitudes (/m-sr) ranged from 4.5 to -6.0 within the cloud area while backscatter magnitudes for 10591 nm ranged from -6.5 to -8.5. Agreement existed between the range of measured backscatter wavelength ratio magnitudes and those computed from scattering theory but no consistent information was discerned concerning modal particle sizes. Calculations of cirrus ice water content, exinction-to- backscatter ratio, and optical depth yielded magnitudes consistent with published values for in-situ and remote measurements.