Matvei Petrovich Bronstein And Soviet Theoretical Physics In The Thirties

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Matvei Petrovich Bronstein and Soviet Theoretical Physics in the Thirties

Author : Gennady E. Gorelik
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 3034884885
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Matvei Petrovich Bronstein and Soviet Theoretical Physics in the Thirties by : Gennady E. Gorelik

Download or read book Matvei Petrovich Bronstein and Soviet Theoretical Physics in the Thirties written by Gennady E. Gorelik and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The true history of physics can only be read in the life stories of those who made its progress possible. Matvei Bronstein was one of those for whom the vast territory of theoretical physics was as familiar as his own home: he worked in cosmology, nuclear physics, gravitation, semiconductors, atmospheric physics, quantum electrodynamics, astro physics and the relativistic quantum theory. Everyone who knew him was struck by his wide knowledge, far beyond the limits of his trade. This partly explains why his life was closely intertwined with the social, historical and scientific context of his time. One might doubt that during his short life Bronstein could have made truly weighty contributions to science and have become, in a sense, a symbol ofhis time. Unlike mathematicians and poets, physicists reach the peak oftheir careers after the age of thirty. His thirty years of life, however, proved enough to secure him a place in theGreaterSovietEncyclopedia. In 1967, in describing the first generation of physicists educated after the 1917 revolution, Igor Tamm referred to Bronstein as "an exceptionally brilliant and promising" theoretician [268].

Matvei Petrovich Bronstein and Soviet Theoretical Physics in the Thirties

Author : Gennady Gorelik
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 9783034884891
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (848 download)

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Book Synopsis Matvei Petrovich Bronstein and Soviet Theoretical Physics in the Thirties by : Gennady Gorelik

Download or read book Matvei Petrovich Bronstein and Soviet Theoretical Physics in the Thirties written by Gennady Gorelik and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The true history of physics can only be read in the life stories of those who made its progress possible. Matvei Bronstein was one of those for whom the vast territory of theoretical physics was as familiar as his own home: he worked in cosmology, nuclear physics, gravitation, semiconductors, atmospheric physics, quantum electrodynamics, astro physics and the relativistic quantum theory. Everyone who knew him was struck by his wide knowledge, far beyond the limits of his trade. This partly explains why his life was closely intertwined with the social, historical and scientific context of his time. One might doubt that during his short life Bronstein could have made truly weighty contributions to science and have become, in a sense, a symbol ofhis time. Unlike mathematicians and poets, physicists reach the peak oftheir careers after the age of thirty. His thirty years of life, however, proved enough to secure him a place in theGreaterSovietEncyclopedia. In 1967, in describing the first generation of physicists educated after the 1917 revolution, Igor Tamm referred to Bronstein as "an exceptionally brilliant and promising" theoretician [268].

Matvei Petrovich Bronstein and Soviet Theoretical Physics in the Thirties

Author : Геннадий Ефимович Горелик
Publisher : Birkhauser
ISBN 13 : 9780817627522
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (275 download)

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Book Synopsis Matvei Petrovich Bronstein and Soviet Theoretical Physics in the Thirties by : Геннадий Ефимович Горелик

Download or read book Matvei Petrovich Bronstein and Soviet Theoretical Physics in the Thirties written by Геннадий Ефимович Горелик and published by Birkhauser. This book was released on 1994 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The short life and tragic death of Matvei Petrovich Bronstein (1906-1938) may be seen as a symbol of the man's time and his country. One of the most remarkable features of Soviet history was the impressive advance of its physical sciences against the brutal and violent background of totalitarianism. Soviet advances in nuclear and space technology form an important part of world history. These achievements had their roots in the 30s, when Bronstein's generation entered science. Among his friends were the famous physicists Lev Landau and George Gamow. Bronstein worked in the vast field of theoretical physics, ranging from nuclear physics to astrophysics and from relativistic quantum theory to cosmology. His pioneering work on quantizing gravitation goes beyond the history of physics, because today the quantum theory of gravitation occupies a special place in fundamental physics. Bronstein was also a master of scientific explanation thanks to his profound knowledge, enthusiasm as a teacher and a gift for literature. This enabled him to write popular science for children, the widest and most responsive group of readers. He became a writer with the help of his wife Lidiya Chukovskaya, known now as an outstanding writer and fighter for human rights. Bronstein's life was closely intertwined with the social, historical and scientific context of one of the most tragic and intriguing periods of Russian history.

Boris Hessen and Philosophy

Author : Sean Winkler
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538147599
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Boris Hessen and Philosophy by : Sean Winkler

Download or read book Boris Hessen and Philosophy written by Sean Winkler and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-11-21 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1931, Soviet philosopher, Boris Hessen presented a paper at the Second International Congress of the History of Science and Technology in London, England. It was a watershed moment, marking the founding of the ‘externalist’ approach to the history and philosophy of science. Five years after this talk, however, Hessen was executed in what became Joseph Stalin’s Great Purge of the 1930s. Nearly a century after his death, we still know all too little about this pioneering figure and his expansive oeuvre. In this book, Sean Winkler provides a reading of Hessen’s philosophy and its unique approach to understanding the relationship between socioeconomic development, technological progress and natural scientific theory. To further encourage the study of Hessen, the book also includes first-time translations of his contributions to the Soviet Encyclopedia. Through a systematic analysis, Winkler reflects upon Hessen’s contribution to the history and philosophy of science of the past and his possible significance in the world today.

The Intersection of History and Mathematics

Author : Sasaki Chikara
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 3034875215
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis The Intersection of History and Mathematics by : Sasaki Chikara

Download or read book The Intersection of History and Mathematics written by Sasaki Chikara and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

LÃ©on Rosenfeld

Author : Anja Skaar Jacobsen
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814452084
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis LÃ©on Rosenfeld by : Anja Skaar Jacobsen

Download or read book LÃ©on Rosenfeld written by Anja Skaar Jacobsen and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012-01-16 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Léon Rosenfeld (1904–1974) was a remarkable, many-sided physicist of exceptional erudition. He was at the center of modern physics and was well-known as Niels Bohr's close collaborator and spokesman. Besides he reflected deeply on the history and philosophy of science and its social role from a leftist perspective. As both actor and acute spectator of modern physics and as a polyglot cosmopolitan whose life crossed those of many important people in both the East and West, as well as by virtue of his close collaboration and friendship with Bohr, Rosenfeld was an important figure in twentieth century physics. His biography illuminates the development, popularization, and reception of quantum physics and its interpretation in addition to the development of the political Left. The book draws extensively from previously untapped, unpublished sources in more than five languages.Contents: Physicist of the Second Quantum GenerationRosenfeld in CopenhagenPhysics, Philosophy, and Politics in the 1930sSurviving the War in UtrechtCold War and Political CommitmentBohr's Cold Warrior Readership: Students and professionals studying the history of science.

Boris Hessen: Physics and Philosophy in the Soviet Union, 1927–1931

Author : Chris Talbot
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030700453
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Boris Hessen: Physics and Philosophy in the Soviet Union, 1927–1931 by : Chris Talbot

Download or read book Boris Hessen: Physics and Philosophy in the Soviet Union, 1927–1931 written by Chris Talbot and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-17 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents key works of Boris Hessen, outstanding Soviet philosopher of science, available here in English for the first time. Quality translations are accompanied by an editors' introduction and annotations. Boris Hessen is known in history of science circles for his “Social and Economic Roots of Newton’s Principia” presented in London (1931), which inspired new approaches in the West. As a philosopher and a physicist, he was tasked with developing a Marxist approach to science in the 1920s. He studied the history of physics to clarify issues such as reductionism and causality as they applied to new developments. With the philosophers called the “Dialecticians”, his debates with the opposing “Mechanists” on the issue of emergence are still worth studying and largely ignored in the many recent works on this subject. Taken as a whole, the book is a goldmine of insights into both the foundations of physics and Soviet history.

Physics In A Mad World

Author : Shifman Misha
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814619310
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (146 download)

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Book Synopsis Physics In A Mad World by : Shifman Misha

Download or read book Physics In A Mad World written by Shifman Misha and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-08-28 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book tells captivating stories of misadventures of two renowned theoretical physicists in the Soviet Union. The first part is devoted to Friedrich (Fritz) Houtermans, an outstanding Dutch-Austrian-German physicist who was the first to suggest that the source of stars' energy is thermonuclear fusion, and also made a number of other important contributions to cosmochemistry and geochemistry. In 1935, Houtermans, a German communist, in an attempt to save his life from Hilter's Gestapo, fled to the Soviet Union. He took up an appointment at the Kharkov Physico-Technical Institute, working there for two years with the Russian physicist Valentin P Fomin. In the Great Purge of 1937, Houtermans was arrested in December by the NKVD (Soviet Secret Police, KGB's predecessor). He was tortured, and confessed to being a Trotskyist plotter and German spy, out of fear of threats against his wife Charlotte. However, Charlotte had already escaped from the Soviet Union to Denmark, after which she went to England and finally the USA. As a result of the Hilter-Stalin Pact of 1939, Houtermans was turned over to the Gestapo in May 1940 and imprisoned in Berlin.The second part consists of two essays that narrate the life story of Yuri Golfand, one of the codiscoverers of supersymmetry, a major discovery in theoretical physics in the 20th century. In 1973, just two years after the publication of his seminal paper, he was fired from the Lebedev Physics Institute in Moscow. Because of his Jewish origin he could find no job. Under such circumstances, he applied for an exit visa to Israel, but his application was denied. Yuri Golfand became a refusnik and joined the Human rights movement, along with two other prominent physicists, Andrei Sakharov and Yuri Orlov. To earn his living, he had to do manual work, repeatedly being intimidated by KGB. Only 18 years later, shortly before the demise of the Soviet Union, did he obtain permission to leave the country, emigrating to Israel in 1990.These personal life stories of two outstanding theorists are interwined with the tragedies of the 20th century and make for compelling reading.

Stalin's Great Science: The Times And Adventures Of Soviet Physicists

Author : Kojevnikov Alexei B
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 1911298275
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Stalin's Great Science: The Times And Adventures Of Soviet Physicists by : Kojevnikov Alexei B

Download or read book Stalin's Great Science: The Times And Adventures Of Soviet Physicists written by Kojevnikov Alexei B and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004-08-23 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World-class science and technology developed in the Soviet Union during Stalin's dictatorial rule under conditions of political violence, lack of international contacts, and severe restrictions on the freedom of information. Stalin's Great Science: The Times and Adventures of Soviet Physicists is an invaluable book that investigates this paradoxical success by following the lives and work of Soviet scientists — including Nobel Prize-winning physicists Kapitza, Landau, and others — throughout the turmoil of wars, revolutions, and repression that characterized the first half of Russia's twentieth century.The book examines how scientists operated within the Soviet political order, communicated with Stalinist politicians, built a new system of research institutions, and conducted groundbreaking research under extraordinary circumstances. Some of their novel scientific ideas and theories reflected the influence of Soviet ideology and worldview and have since become accepted universally as fundamental concepts of contemporary science. In the process of making sense of the achievements of Soviet science, the book dismantles standard assumptions about the interaction between science, politics, and ideology, as well as many dominant stereotypes — mostly inherited from the Cold War — about Soviet history in general. Science and technology were not only granted unprecedented importance in Soviet society, but they also exerted a crucial formative influence on the Soviet political system itself. Unlike most previous studies, Stalin's Great Science recognizes the status of science as an essential element of the Soviet polity and explores the nature of a special relationship between experts (scientists and engineers) and communist politicians that enabled the initial rise of the Soviet state and its mature accomplishments, until the pact eroded in later years, undermining the communist regime from within.

The Life, Science and Times of Lev Vasilevich Shubnikov

Author : L. J. Reinders
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319720988
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis The Life, Science and Times of Lev Vasilevich Shubnikov by : L. J. Reinders

Download or read book The Life, Science and Times of Lev Vasilevich Shubnikov written by L. J. Reinders and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-27 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the life, times and science of the Soviet physicist Lev Vasilevich Shubnikov (1901-1937). From 1926 to 1930 Shubnikov worked in Leiden where he was the co-discoverer of the Shubnikov-De Haas effect. After his return to the Soviet Union he founded in Kharkov in Ukraine the first low-temperature laboratory in the Soviet Union, which in a very short time became the foremost physics institute in the country and among other things led to the discovery of type-II superconductivity. In August 1937 Shubnikov, together with many of his colleagues, was arrested and shot early in November 1937. This gripping story gives deep insights into the pioneering work of Soviet physicists before the Second World War, as well as providing much previously unpublished information about their brutal treatment at the hands of the Stalinist regime.

Sir Rudolf Peierls

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9814479357
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Download or read book Sir Rudolf Peierls written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Sir Rudolf Peierls

Author : Rudolf Ernst Peierls
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9812790985
Total Pages : 889 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (127 download)

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Book Synopsis Sir Rudolf Peierls by : Rudolf Ernst Peierls

Download or read book Sir Rudolf Peierls written by Rudolf Ernst Peierls and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007 with total page 889 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noncommutative differential geometry is a novel approach to geometry that is paving the way for exciting new directions in the development of mathematics and physics. The contributions in this volume are based on papers presented at a workshop dedicated to enhancing international cooperation between mathematicians and physicists in various aspects of frontier research on noncommutative differential geometry. The active contributors present both the latest results and comprehensive reviews of topics in the area. The book is accessible to researchers and graduate students interested in a variety of mathematical areas related to noncommutative geometry and its interface with modern theoretical physics.

CPT Invariance and the Spin-Statistics Connection

Author : Jonathan Bain
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191044555
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis CPT Invariance and the Spin-Statistics Connection by : Jonathan Bain

Download or read book CPT Invariance and the Spin-Statistics Connection written by Jonathan Bain and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book seeks to answer the question "What explains CPT invariance and the spin-statistics connection?" These properties play foundational roles in relativistic quantum field theories (RQFTs), are supported by high-precision experiments, and figure into explanations of a wide range of phenomena, from antimatter, to the periodic table of the elements, to superconductors and superfluids. They can be derived in RQFTs by means of the famous CPT and Spin-Statistics theorems; but, the author argues, these theorems cannot be said to explain these properties, at least under standard philosophical accounts of scientific explanation. This is because there are multiple, in some cases incompatible, ways of deriving these theorems, and, secondly, because the theorems fail for the types of theories that underwrite the empirical evidence: non-relativistic quantum theories, and realistic interacting RQFTs. The goal of this book is to work towards an understanding of CPT invariance and the spin-statistics connection by first providing an analysis of the necessary and sufficient conditions for these properties, and second by advocating a particular account of explanation appropriate for this context.

Weimar Culture and Quantum Mechanics

Author : Paul Forman
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814293113
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (142 download)

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Book Synopsis Weimar Culture and Quantum Mechanics by : Paul Forman

Download or read book Weimar Culture and Quantum Mechanics written by Paul Forman and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reprints Paul Forman's classic papers on the history of physics in post-World War I Germany and the invention of quantum mechanics. The Forman thesis has become famous as the first argument in favor of the cultural conditioning of scientific knowledge, in particular for its demonstration of the historical connection between the culture of Weimar Germany — known for its irrationality and antiscientism — and the emerging concept of quantum acausality. At the 2007 international conference in Vancouver, Canada, leading historians of physics discussed the implications of the Forman thesis in the historiography of modern science. Their papers collected in this volume represent a cutting-edge research on the history of quantum revolution.

Covered with Deep Mist

Author : Dean Rickles
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199602956
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Covered with Deep Mist by : Dean Rickles

Download or read book Covered with Deep Mist written by Dean Rickles and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-03-05 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of quantum gravity is often viewed as the most pressing unresolved problem of modern physics: our theories of spacetime and matter, described respectively by general relativity (Einstein's theory of gravitation and spacetime) and quantum mechanics (our best theory of matter and the other forces of nature) resist unification. Covered with Deep Mist provides the first book-length treatment of the history of quantum gravity, focusing on its origins and earliest stages of development until the mid-1950s. Readers will be guided through the impacts on the problem of quantum gravity resulting from changes in the two ingredient theories, quantum theory and general relativity, which were themselves still under construction in the years studied. We examine how several of the core approaches of today were formed in an era when the field was highly unfashionable. The book aims to be accessible to a broad range of readers and goes beyond a merely technical examination to include social and cultural factors involved in the changing fortunes of the field. Suitable for both newcomers and seasoned quantum gravity professionals, the book will shine new light on this century-old, unresolved problem.

Ordinary Geniuses

Author : Gino Segre
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0143121308
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis Ordinary Geniuses by : Gino Segre

Download or read book Ordinary Geniuses written by Gino Segre and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fascinating tribute to the forefathers of two of today’s most exciting scientific fields Thanks to Max Delbruck and George Gamow, today we have mapped the human genome and understand the ramifications of the Big Bang. In his characteristically inviting and elegant style, Gino Segre brings to life the story of these two great scientists and their long friendship and offers an accessible inside look the people behind the scenes of science—the collaboration and competition, the quirks and failures, the role of intuition and luck, and the sense of wonder and curiosity that keeps these extraordinary minds going.

Einstein Studies in Russia

Author : Yuri Balashov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780817642631
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Einstein Studies in Russia by : Yuri Balashov

Download or read book Einstein Studies in Russia written by Yuri Balashov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a selection of contributions by Russian scholars - historians and philosophers to science - to the Einstein Studies industry, broadly construed. This work explores the historical and foundational issues in general relativity and relativistic cosmology, Einstein's contributions to early quantum mechanics and the rise of Dirac's quantum electrodynamics. It also includes a detailed description of the physics colloquium Einstein established and coordinated in 1912-1913 and comments on his brief interest in the construction of the plane wing in 1916. most scholars. Materials from various Russian archives shed new light on the famous exchange (regarding the first evolutionary cosmological models) between Einstein and Alexander Friedmann in the early 1920s and on the role of Boris Podolsky and Vladimir Fock in the emergence of quantum electrodynamics. The little-known correspondence between Einstein and a famous German pilot Paul Erhardt suggests that during World War I, the former was involved with aero- and hydrodynamics research and ways of improving airplane design. Other articles introduce new approaches to important foundational questions in general relativity and cosmology.