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Material Characterization Of Alaskan Asphalt Mixtures Containing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Rap
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Book Synopsis Material Characterization of Alaskan Asphalt Mixtures Containing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) by : Beaux M. Kemp
Download or read book Material Characterization of Alaskan Asphalt Mixtures Containing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) written by Beaux M. Kemp and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) material has been combined with hot-mix asphalt (HMA) paving for several decades to reduce construction costs and environmental impacts. In Alaska, the HMA specification allows up to 15% RAP for Type-II A mixes (typically used in wearing courses) and 25% for Type II-B mixes (used in wearing or base courses). Highway construction projects statewide are expected to see an increase in the use of RAP in future mix designs. Pavement engineers use mechanistic procedures (e.g. Alaska Flexible Pavement Design software and Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide) to develop flexible pavement design alternatives. These procedures require material engineering properties as an input source. Consequently, it is essential to properly establish the engineering properties of HMA mixtures containing RAP. In order to characterize Alaskan HMA materials containing RAP, this study evaluated 11 HMA mixtures comprised of three typical Alaskan asphalt binders (PG 52-28, PG 58-34 and PG 52-40) containing 0%, 25% and 35% RAP that were either produced in the lab or a hot-plant (i.e. collected from actual paving projects in Alaska). Various binder and mix properties were determined including; true high binder grades, complex shear modulus (G*) and phase angle (delta) at high performance temperatures, as well as asphalt mixture performance tests (AMPT); dynamic modulus (E*) and flow number (FN). The original (h-based) and the modified (G*-based) Witczak (E*) predictive models were evaluated for these mixtures based on job mix formulae availability for use in mechanistic design procedures. It was found that the incorporation of RAP into Alaskan HMA increased E* and FN of the mixtures, which indicates that the addition of RAP increased the stiffness and rutting resistance of the mixtures tested. A local calibration of the Witczak predictive models may be required for increased accuracy of E* predictions. For Alaskan conditions, a savings of $13.60/ton of mix was estimated for a 25% RAP mix. For an 18-feet wide one lane-mile of HMA mat, it is estimated to have a 21% savings in the 25% RAP mix compared to the conventional virgin (no RAP) mix.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Alaskan Modified Asphalt Binders and Mixtures by : Jun Liu
Download or read book Characterization of Alaskan Modified Asphalt Binders and Mixtures written by Jun Liu and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Modified asphalt binders and mixtures have been used more in recent years in Alaska. However, there has not been systematic characterization and performance data development for these materials. This study intends to systematically characterize the Alaskan asphalt binders and mixtures and identify the performance benefits of these materials through laboratory tests and field sections monitoring. The research contains five sections: 1) a comprehensive characterization on the morphologies, chemical and rheological properties of modified asphalt binders and mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures with these modified asphalt binders. The lab testing results were further confirmed through field surveys of recent paving projects constructed in Alaska and data from pavement sections in long-term pavement performance database. 2) an investigation on the applicability of the multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) tests to evaluate the rutting resistance of Alaskan modified asphalt binders. Within the scope of the study, significance of MSCR key testing factors was assessed through four test methods with different testing protocols and procedures. 3) an evaluation of cracking susceptibility of Alaskan modified asphalt binders using various chemical and rheological indices. 4) an investigation on the connections between the chemical changes by oxidation with the rheological parameters. 5) A study to characterize the fatigue behaviors of the Alaskan highly polymerized asphalt binders using newly developed linear amplitude sweep (LAS) test with viscoelastic continuum damage (VECD) model"--Abstract, page iv.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Reclaimed Asphalt and Performance Based Evaluation of Its Use in Recycled Mixtures by : Jesse David Doyle
Download or read book Characterization of Reclaimed Asphalt and Performance Based Evaluation of Its Use in Recycled Mixtures written by Jesse David Doyle and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is a valuable resource that can be recycled into new asphalt mixtures. In recent years, the continued rise of raw material costs has generated considerable interest in increasing RAP usage. Warm mix asphalt (WMA) is a modern development in the asphalt industry that can potentially help increase RAP usage and achieve adequate mixture performance. The purpose of this dissertation is to: 1) develop a method to characterize the absorbed, inert and effective bituminous components in RAP; and 2) evaluate performance of high RAP-WMA mixtures for various pavement applications including airfield surfaces, highway surfaces and highway bases. A unique approach was taken to characterize RAP properties that coupled a dataset of 568 asphalt mix designs spanning five years of practice and testing 100% RAP with added virgin binder; 394 compacted specimens and 68 loose specimens were tested. A method to predict RAP absorbed asphalt was developed and shown to yield more reasonable results than conventional methods which were shown very likely to give incorrect absorbed asphalt contents in some conditions. The relative effectiveness of RAP surface asphalt was evaluated and estimates of inert and effective RAP asphalt were made for a variety of temperature, compactive effort, and warm mix additive conditions. Results showed different behaviors between RAP sources and between hot and warm mix temperatures. These results were also observed in volumetrics of high RAP mixtures. Performance evaluation was based on testing 75 slab specimens and more than 1100 gyratory specimens. Test data indicated a potential for decreased durability as RAP content increases; however 25% RAP highway surface mixtures and 50% RAP base mixtures had similar performance to current practice. Low temperature mixture stiffness testing and thermal cracking analysis indicated slightly increased stiffness with high RAP and 25% RAP highway surface mixtures that had comparable performance to current practice. Dry rut testing indicated high RAP mixtures are rut resistant. Moisture damage testing of high RAP mixtures indicated passing results in tensile strength ratio testing but potential for moisture damage in loaded wheel tracking. Overall, 25% RAP highway surface mixtures are recommended for immediate implementation.
Book Synopsis Characterization of HMA Mixtures Containing High Recycled Asphalt Pavement Content with Crumb Rubber Additives by : Samuel B. Cooper
Download or read book Characterization of HMA Mixtures Containing High Recycled Asphalt Pavement Content with Crumb Rubber Additives written by Samuel B. Cooper and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization of HMA Mixtures Containing High Recycled Asphalt Pavement Content with Crumb Rubber Additives by : Samuel B. Cooper
Download or read book Characterization of HMA Mixtures Containing High Recycled Asphalt Pavement Content with Crumb Rubber Additives written by Samuel B. Cooper and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mixture Design Procedure for Recycled Asphalt Pavements by : Thomas William Kennedy
Download or read book Mixture Design Procedure for Recycled Asphalt Pavements written by Thomas William Kennedy and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemical Characterization of Asphalts Related to Their Performance by : William Howard Daly
Download or read book Chemical Characterization of Asphalts Related to Their Performance written by William Howard Daly and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this project the researchers studied a correlation between molecular structure and corresponding compositional analysis of asphalt binders of conventional hot mix asphalt mixtures (HMA) as well as mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and/or recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) with their cracking potential at intermediate temperature. The molecular size and structure of asphalt components of RAP and RAS undergo large changes during their exposure to environmental factors, which affects the physical properties imparted to their mixtures with conventional asphalt liquids. The composition of the mixtures prepared using a PG 70-22M binder was ascertained using thin layer chromatograpy/FID detection (Iatroscan), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The distribution of species by molecular mass as determined by deconvoluting gel permeation chromatographs, emphasizing in particular, the amount of asphaltenes as they are related to the age hardening of asphalt materials. The extent of sample aging is apparent from the carbonyl oxygen content from FTIR measurements of the mixtures. Fracture resistance of laboratory produced mixtures was assessed using the Semi Circular Bend Test (SCB) test procedure; a minimal value of 0.5 kJ/m2 was considered acceptable. Mixtures containing up to 5% RAS, 15% RAP and 15% RAP/5% RAS met the SCB standard. Molecular fractionation through GPC of mixtures containing RAS confirmed the presence of highly associated asphaltenes in greater concentrations than mixtures containing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP). High concentrations of high molecular weight associated asphaltenes (mol wt > 20K Daltons) which are present in RAS samples decrease the fracture resistance of the asphalt mixtures. The use of recycling agents, Cyclogen-L, Hydrogreen, Asphalt Flux and Re-refined engine oil bottoms (REOB), did not reduce the concentration of the highly associated asphaltenes, further they failed to improve the cracking resistance of the asphalt mixtures evaluated in this study. However, the recycling agents effected quantitative extraction of the RAS asphalt component.
Book Synopsis Laboratory Testing and Economic Analysis of High RAP Warm Mixed Asphalt by : Isaac Lem Howard
Download or read book Laboratory Testing and Economic Analysis of High RAP Warm Mixed Asphalt written by Isaac Lem Howard and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterisation of Warm Asphalt Mixtures with Addition of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Materials by : D. M. Abd
Download or read book Characterisation of Warm Asphalt Mixtures with Addition of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Materials written by D. M. Abd and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Materials Characterization and Economic Considerations of Cold-mix Recycled Asphalt Pavements by : Luis Humberto Castedo-Franco
Download or read book Materials Characterization and Economic Considerations of Cold-mix Recycled Asphalt Pavements written by Luis Humberto Castedo-Franco and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Materials Characterization and Economic Considerations of Cold-mix Recycled Asphalt Pavements by : Luis Humberto Castado-Franco
Download or read book Materials Characterization and Economic Considerations of Cold-mix Recycled Asphalt Pavements written by Luis Humberto Castado-Franco and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rutting Evaluation of Alaskan Asphalt Pavement Containing Sustainable Materials by : Sheng Zhao
Download or read book Rutting Evaluation of Alaskan Asphalt Pavement Containing Sustainable Materials written by Sheng Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Permanent pavement deformation, or rutting, is one of the most noticeable distresses in hot mix asphalt. In Alaska, pavement rutting concerns exist at different levels because of seasonal climate change and traffic variation across the entire state. A number of sustainable materials in recent years have been used in Alaska's pavement construction for their durability and economic and environmental benefits. These materials include modified or highly modified asphalt, warm mix asphalt (WMA), and recycled asphalt pavement (RAP). Using these materials in asphalt pavements may overturn the current understanding of rutting performance in Alaska. Therefore, this study aimed at conducting comprehensive rutting evaluations of these sustainable materials and their applications in Alaska. Based on data collected from 29 Alaskan mixtures, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (?) was used to discover the link between asphalt pavement analyzer (APA) rut depth and asphalt mixture performance tester parameters for rutting evaluation in order to identify good rutting indicators. The correlation of APA rut depth and flow number (FN) was found to be the strongest, and FN was recommended for rutting evaluation if the APA test was not available. APA results confirmed the good rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures containing high-end modified binders, such as WMA that is produced by adding Sasobit and RAP. Preliminary field evaluation showed no significant rutting concerns in Alaska regarding the application of mixtures containing modified binders, WMA, and RAP.
Book Synopsis 100 % Recycled Hot Mix Asphalt and the Use of Rejuvenators by : Martins Zaumanis
Download or read book 100 % Recycled Hot Mix Asphalt and the Use of Rejuvenators written by Martins Zaumanis and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The desire to find more sustainable paving practices as well as the dramatically rising binder costs driven by the growing global demand for paved roads, has led to increased interest of the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in very high amounts. So far the major industry trend has been to develop procedures, invest in technologies and build confidence in mixtures with up to 40 % RAP content. However, a few innovators have refined 100 % recycling technologies over the past four decades to a level where routine production of 100 % recycled hot mix asphalt is in clear sight. Rejuvenators are an integral part of 100 % recycled asphalt production and they can also allow to significantly increase the RAP content for conventionally produced asphalt mixtures. An evaluation of the feasibility of production of 100 % recycled hot-mix asphalt was made and the use of rejuvenators is presented in this study. 100 % recycling is discussed by evaluating ten readily available production technologies along with proposing mix design procedures and identifying best RAP management strategies. A total of eleven different products were evaluated for restoring the RAP binder grade with a definite conclusion that achieving target grade (PG or empirical specification) is possible. In addition a rheological, micromechanical and chemical characterization was performed with select rejuvenators and binders from Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) library. To further assess the rejuvenators and feasibility of 100 % RAP recycling a series of 100 % mixture tests were performed that indicated significant improvement in low temperature and fatigue cracking resistance while providing a rut resistant mixture. With the use of some rejuvenators a performance equal to that of reference virgin mix was achieved. Based on these findings of rejuvenator effectiveness a methodology for choice of rejuvenator type and dose was proposed. Finally, a cradle-to-gate analysis of environmental effects was performed which indicated 35 % CO2eq savings per ton of produced 100 % RAP asphalt mixture compared to virgin mix while cost analysis showed at least 50 % savings in material related expenses. A short video summarizing the research is available at http://youtu.be/y-rYvdGiEbY.
Book Synopsis Fatigue Characterization of Alaskan Paving Materials by : Nicolaas Francois Coetzee
Download or read book Fatigue Characterization of Alaskan Paving Materials written by Nicolaas Francois Coetzee and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Influences of Preheating Temperature of RAP on Properties of Hot-Mix Recycled Asphalt Mixture by : T. Ma
Download or read book Influences of Preheating Temperature of RAP on Properties of Hot-Mix Recycled Asphalt Mixture written by T. Ma and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyzed the agglomerate characteristics of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) material and evaluated the influences of the preheating temperature of RAP on the properties of recycled asphalt mixture. Specific surface-area analysis was conducted to reveal the agglomerate characteristics of RAP. A triaxial shear test was conducted for RAP with different preheating conditions to evaluate the dispersion characteristics of RAP and its influences on RAP property. Freeze-thaw splitting test, wheel tracking test, and low-temperature bending-beam test were conducted to evaluate the influences by preheating temperature of RAP on the properties of recycled asphalt mixture. It is found that, because of the agglomerates of RAP, the specific surface area of RAP is much lower than that of real aggregates. Sufficient preheating of RAP can promote the dispersion of RAP by activating the flowability of aged asphalt in RAP. The properties of recycled asphalt mixture keep improving with the increase of the preheating temperature of RAP. There is a minimum-temperature limit for RAP preheating to guarantee the properties of recycled asphalt mixture.
Book Synopsis Experimental Study of Hot Recycled Asphalt Mixtures with High Percentages of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Different Recycling Agents by : Jinhai Yan
Download or read book Experimental Study of Hot Recycled Asphalt Mixtures with High Percentages of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Different Recycling Agents written by Jinhai Yan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hot recycled mixture has been widely used as binder course on highways in the Jiangsu Province, China. The objectives of this study were to evaluate recycled mixture's performance with different Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) contents and recycling agents (RA). At first, optimum RA contents were determined according to asphalt blending charts based on penetration index. Secondly, the performance of recycled mixtures and control virgin asphalt mixture was evaluated based on retained stability, Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR), dynamic stability (DS), failure strain, and fatigue life. Thirdly, statistical significance on the basis of analysis of variance was evaluated as a function of RAP contents and RA type. The results indicated that adding RA could improve moisture stability, low temperature cracking resistance, while decreasing high temperature stability and strength performance of recycled mixture. Recycled asphalt mixture Sup-20 with RA has similar performance compared to virgin asphalt mixture Sup-20. The former has better moisture stability and high temperature stability than that of the latter, with a slight reduction in low temperature cracking and fatigue resistance. With a fixed RA-2, TSR, and failure strain of recycled mixes decreases, and DS first slightly decreases and then increases, while fatigue life first increases and then decreases with increasing RAP contents. The results indicated that the interface status and blending level between recycled asphalt and aggregate is variable due to the mixing process and material compositions, which results in the varied performance results of recycled mixes due to the different test temperatures, loading modes, and testing periods, etc. Furthermore, the results of analysis of variance are consistent with the experimental test results.
Book Synopsis An Acoustic Emission-based Test to Evaluate Low Temperature Behavior of Asphalt Materials by :
Download or read book An Acoustic Emission-based Test to Evaluate Low Temperature Behavior of Asphalt Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
