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Author : United States. Central Intelligence Agency
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)
Download or read book The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by United States. Central Intelligence Agency and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484399005
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-06-26 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Macedonian labor market exhibits a high unemployment rate, yet does not demonstrate obvious and large enough constraints on the demand or supply side. Considerable achievements can be made by maintaining macroeconomic stability, attracting FDI, and closing the educational gaps. The second paper assesses ways in which the Macedonian financial sector could better contribute to growth and real convergence, taking stock of where the sector stands and its recent developments. Streamlining bankruptcy procedures, improving collateral and systematic collection and publication of real estate sales data, and revisiting the interest rate cap may serve to moderately boost credit supply.
Author : International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498376150
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-07-25 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper on Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) of Macedonia investigates the macroeconomic impact of remittances on long-run external sustainability and growth. The paper presents stylized facts pertaining to the characteristics of remittances in Macedonia, highlighting their countercyclicality and importance in sustaining the purchasing power of domestic agents. The paper reviews to help set up a theoretical framework for assessing their macroeconomic impact, highlighting the possible risk of “Dutch disease” developments. The paper uses a Bayesian vector autoregression (BVAR) model to empirically investigate both hypotheses of countercyclicality and Dutch disease effects and puts forward a few policy options that may be explored to better harness remittances to support investment and long-term growth. The paper suggests that strong political engagement in support of diaspora projects is a key point. The mobilization of diaspora savings for private and public investment would maximize the long-term benefits of remittances.
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until 1991, Macedonia was a constituent Republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. During the disintegration of the federation in the early 1990s, the Republic of Macedonia elected its first democratic parliamentary assembly (the Sobranie) in November 1990. A referendum on independence was held on 8 September 1991. On the basis of this referendum, the Sobranie declared the independence and sovereignty of the Republic of Macedonia1 on 17 September 1991. The Sobranie adopted a Constitution, establishing the foundations of parliamentary democracy, civil society, the rule of law and a market economy, on 17 November 1991. The Republic of Macedonia was accepted as a member state of the United Nations on 8 April 1993. The Republic of Macedonia is a member of the OSCE (12 October 1995), the Council of Europe (9 November 1995), the NATO Partnership for Peace (15 November 1995), WTO (4 April 2003), and other international organisations and institutions. The Republic of Macedonia signed the Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU on 6 April 2001. After the ratification by all 15 EU member states, the SAA entered into force on 1 April 2004. On 22 March 2004 the Republic of Macedonia submitted its application for EU membership. In 2001 armed conflict in the Republic of Macedonia began. The conflict was settled with the signing of the Ohrid Framework Agreement on 13 August 2001 by the four leading political parties (Union of Social-Democrats (SDSM), Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organisation (VMRO-DPMNE), Party for Democratic Prosperity (PDP) and Democratic Party of the Albanians (DPA)). The Ohrid Agreement stipulates adoption and implementation of constitutional and other reforms which improve the rights of ethnic minorities, in accordance with international standards and principles. After the constitution of the Republic of Macedonia was adopted, the first parliamentary elections were held in 1991. The most recent general elections took place on 15 September 2002 and the coalition called "Together for Macedonia" won
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451826133
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2007-07-30 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia’s Second Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement and Request for Waiver of Performance Criteria and Rephasing of the Program. The 2007 fiscal deficit target increased modestly to 1 percent of GDP. Taxes were cut and budget quality improved, but there remain fiscal risks, in particular in delivering the planned reduction in transfers and subsidies. Over the medium term, the government aims to keep the fiscal deficit below 11⁄2 percent of GDP, cutting overall government spending by 2 percent of GDP while raising public investment.
Author : Hans Jorn Jansen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (614 download)
Download or read book The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by Hans Jorn Jansen and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451826052
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-05-21 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper and Statistical Appendix sheds light on the Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) of Macedonia’s low growth and high unemployment during the 1990s by analyzing enterprise level data. The paper provides some background information on FYR Macedonia’s enterprise sector. It presents an assessment of enterprise sector developments during the 1990s, including the extent of firm entrance and exit. The paper also describes the results of an econometric study that examines the factors that have facilitated restructuring in surviving firms since FYR Macedonia’s independence in September 1991.
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451826095
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2006-05-16 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses key findings of the First Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement for Macedonia. Macroeconomic performance of Macedonia remains strong. Through end-December 2005, the authorities met all of the program’s quantitative performance criteria. Growth has remained steady at about 4 percent. Gross reserves have risen above €1 billion, allowing interest rates on National Bank of Macedonia bills to fall since November from 10 percent to 7 percent. To complete the First Review, the authorities have committed to strong policies, including measures to correct for delays in the program’s structural reforms.
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451826141
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-03-21 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macedonia’s economic performance under the program has remained strong, reflecting the authorities’ commitment to build on the progress made and to advance the reform agenda. The average inflation rate was 2.3 percent, although it started to pick up recently owing to a relatively high increase in food prices, reflecting the global trend. On the expenditure side, the authorities will improve the quality of spending and redirect public spending to more productive uses, such as health, education, and infrastructure.
Author : Louis Whitman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Human Rights in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by Louis Whitman and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Charalampos Lekkas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781423524038
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (24 download)
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by Charalampos Lekkas and published by . This book was released on 2001-12-01 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent (2001) crisis inside the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) concerning it's Albanian ethnic minority did not come as a surprise to the southeastern European as well as the international security chessboard. It had nearly been predicted from the first years of the new state's independent life, and confirmed by most analysts during and after the war in Kosovo (1998-99). This thesis will examine the survivability of the small post- cold war Balkan state, in relation to the historical background of the Macedonian Question', the so-called Macedonian Identity', the resurgence of nationalist inclinations in the area, the ethnic minorities (especially the Albanian one), the economy, and the regional (four neighboring states) as well as the international relations of FYROM. The author will argue that prevention of conflict in FYROM is urgent for the stability of all the Balkans, and has to be coordinated from the international community towards all governmental and nongovernmental actors involved. Integration of FYROM into European institutions provides a reliable measure. Respect and protection of human/civil rights of minorities, as well as democratization of the civilian sector are also dominant factors for the survival of the multi- ethnic nation. Ethnic minorities should finally develop proper political, social, and economic relationships with majority populations in order to work together for the common well being.
Author : Julie Kim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (548 download)
Download or read book The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) written by Julie Kim and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Wolfgang Hörner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402048742
Total Pages : 879 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book The Education Systems of Europe written by Wolfgang Hörner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-03 with total page 879 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique handbook offers an analytical review of the education systems of all European countries, following common analytical guidelines, and highlighting the paradox that education simultaneously pursues a universal value as well as a national character. Coverage includes international student performance studies, and a comparison of education dynamics in Eastern "new Europe" with "older" western EU members. The book provides a differentiated analytical data base, and offers suggestions for further research.
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451825986
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-09-23 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews economic developments in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia during 1994–98. In 1994–95, the authorities reasserted control over monetary policy, stabilized the exchange rate, and undertook a substantial fiscal adjustment. As a result, price stability was restored by 1996 and the decline in output was arrested. Programs for recapitalizing banks and accelerating the process of enterprise adjustment and privatization began in 1995. In 1996, the economy started to pick up, but a surge in industrial output in late 1996, partly reflecting the restarting of the oil refinery, could not be maintained.
Author : Dimitar Bechev
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538119625
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)
Download or read book Historical Dictionary of North Macedonia written by Dimitar Bechev and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Located in the middle of the Balkans, North Macedonia reflects the turbulent history of the region. The country emerged from former Yugoslavia in the 1990s without violence but struggled to achieve international recognition due to a dispute with neighboring Greece over its name and symbols. The name issue was resolved only in 2018 with the signature of the Prespa Agreement reviving prospects for membership in NATO and the European Union (EU). Yet North Macedonia’s story goes centuries back, to the Middle Ages, the period of Ottoman Rule which lasted until 1912, and the various reincarnations of Yugoslavia. The historical dictionary traces the country’s past and present with a wealth of articles on issues, events, institutions, personalities shaping political, economic and cultural life. It looks at the majority Macedonian as well as other ethnic communities such as the Albanians, Turks and the Roma. There are also entries on North Macedonia’s relations with neighbors, in history and today, as well as with global powers. This second edition of Historical Dictionary of North Macedonia contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 500 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about North Macedonia.
Author : Stanislava Dodeva
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (841 download)
Download or read book Contribution of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by Stanislava Dodeva and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484392663
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-01-27 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: KEY ISSUES The jobs and growth agenda should remain a top policy priority, with efforts focused on relaxing key constraints for domestic firms. Priorities include properly implementing and monitoring recent initiatives to enforce payment discipline in both public and private sector contracts, as well as upgrading the professional status of inspection bodies, clarifying their mandate, and streamlining their work. The public-sector led growth strategy will put pressure on other types of spending if consolidation is to proceed in the current low-tax environment. Investment spending should target gaps in transport and energy infrastructure to maximize the payoff for medium-term growth. At the same time, with public debt rising steadily to over 50 percent of GDP by 2017, fiscal policy should aim at reducing the deficit to below 2.6 percent of GDP by 2016. In the absence of further tax policy changes to boost revenues, a comprehensive spending review that seeks to minimize the growth impact of current expenditure compression should therefore be undertaken. More comprehensive public debt management is needed to support external sustainability. To further reduce risks, particularly currency risk, the strategy should be expanded to cover the debt of SOEs and contingent liabilities. Increased reliance on foreign currency borrowing also has important implications for central bank reserve developments and domestic liquidity that should be taken into account in evaluating government financing options. The monetary easing cycle has reached its end. The combination of relaxed financial conditions and tight prudential regulation has helped revive credit growth while preserving the health of the financial sector. While temporary supply-side developments have recently generated deflationary pressures, the focus of monetary policy henceforth should be on maintaining the attractiveness of holding denar-denominated assets in support of the exchange rate peg. Outstanding credit is scheduled to fall below 200 percent of quota at end-year. The external position and capacity to pay are sufficiently strong to allow for a cessation of post-program monitoring.
