Lytropic Liquid Crystals

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The Physics of Lyotropic Liquid Crystals

Author : Antônio M. Figueiredo Neto
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191523488
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physics of Lyotropic Liquid Crystals by : Antônio M. Figueiredo Neto

Download or read book The Physics of Lyotropic Liquid Crystals written by Antônio M. Figueiredo Neto and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2005-01-27 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a comprehensive description of the physical properties of lyotropic liquid crystals. Structural features, phase transitions and phase diagrams are discussed in detail. The available experimental data on lyotropic mixtures is presented in the unifying context of the Landau theories. This phenomenological approach is used for establishing connections between structural properties and phase diagrams. The book is suitable for use as a pedagogical introduction to the subject.

Liquid Crystals

Author : Shri Singh
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9789810242503
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Liquid Crystals by : Shri Singh

Download or read book Liquid Crystals written by Shri Singh and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2002 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid crystals are partially ordered systems without a rigid, long-range structure. The study of these materials covers a wide area: chemical structure, physical properties and technical applications. Due to their dual nature -- anisotropic physical properties of solids and rheological behavior of liquids -- and easy response to externally applied electric, magnetic, optical and surface fields liquid crystals are of greatest potential for scientific and technological applications. The subject has come of age and has achieved the status of being a very exciting interdisciplinary field of scientific and industrial research. This book is an outgrowth of the enormous advances made during the last three decades in both our understanding of liquid crystals and our ability to use them in applications. It presents a systematic, self-contained and up-to-date overview of the structure and properties of liquid crystals. It will be of great value to graduates and research workers in condensed matter physics, chemical physics, biology, materials science, chemical and electrical engineering, and technology from a materials science and physics viewpoint of liquid crystals.

Self-Assembled Supramolecular Architectures

Author : Nissim Garti
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118336577
Total Pages : 503 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (183 download)

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Book Synopsis Self-Assembled Supramolecular Architectures by : Nissim Garti

Download or read book Self-Assembled Supramolecular Architectures written by Nissim Garti and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-08-15 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will describe fundamentals and recent developments in the area of Self-Assembled Supramolecular Architecture and their relevance to the understanding of the functionality of membranes as delivery systems for active ingredients. As the heirarchial architectures determine their performance capabilities, attention will be paid to theoretical and design aspects related to the construction of lyotropic liquid crystals: mesophases such as lamellar, hexagonal, cubic, sponge phase micellosomes. The book will bring to the reader mechanistic aspects, compositional considerations, transition within phases, solubilization capacities, drug entrapment and release mechanisms and transmembrane, transdermal, and other transport phenomena. It will stress the importance of these mesostructures to crystallization and polymorphism of drugs, fats, and nutraceuticals and will discuss regioselectivity of organic and enzymatic reactions that take place at interfaces and within the channels of the mesophase. The book will bring studies on the use of these mesophase as crystallization or particulation media for the formation of nanoparticles and nanocrystals. Chapters will discuss applications in the areas of pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, plastics, paper, agro-chemistry and industrial applications.

Nanoscience with Liquid Crystals

Author : Quan Li
Publisher : Springer Science & Business
ISBN 13 : 3319048678
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanoscience with Liquid Crystals by : Quan Li

Download or read book Nanoscience with Liquid Crystals written by Quan Li and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the exciting topic of nanoscience with liquid crystals: from self-organized nanostructures to applications. The elegant self-organized liquid crystalline nanostructures, the synergetic characteristics of liquid crystals and nanoparticles, liquid crystalline nanomaterials, synthesis of nanomaterials using liquid crystals as templates, nanoconfinement and nanoparticles of liquid crystals are covered and discussed, and the prospect of fabricating functional materials is highlighted. Contributions, collecting the scattered literature of the field from leading and active players, are compiled to make the book a reference book. Readers will find the book useful and of benefit both as summaries for works in this field and as tutorials and explanations of concepts for those just entering the field. Additionally, the book helps to stimulate future developments.

Liquid Crystals With Nano And Microparticles (In 2 Volumes)

Author : Jan P F Lagerwall
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814619272
Total Pages : 944 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (146 download)

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Book Synopsis Liquid Crystals With Nano And Microparticles (In 2 Volumes) by : Jan P F Lagerwall

Download or read book Liquid Crystals With Nano And Microparticles (In 2 Volumes) written by Jan P F Lagerwall and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-10-10 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The overall book content is excellently coordinated to form a synchronised story, interesting to a broad scientific audience … The book summarises the present knowledge in the field, introduces fundamental concepts to the beginners, describes key measuring methods and presents several different typical demonstrative systems, some of them exhibiting an extraordinary rich spectrum of structures and superstructures. I am sure that with time the book will become an attractor to a broad audience (physicists, chemists, material scientists, engineers, etc.), ranging from students, beginners in the field to experienced researchers. To summarise, this is the book that I have been missing on my bookshelf.'Liquid Crystals TodayWhile liquid crystals are today widely known for their successful application in flat panel displays (LCDs), academic liquid crystal research is more and more targeting situations where these anisotropic fluids are put to completely different use, in varying contexts. A particularly strong focus is on colloidal liquid crystals, where particles, bubbles or drops are dispersed in a liquid crystal phase. The liquid crystal can act as a host phase, with the inclusions constituting foreign guests that disturb the local order in interesting ways, often resulting in large-scale positional arrangement and/or uniform alignment of the guests. But it may also be formed by solid particles themselves, if these are of nanoscale dimensions and of disc- or rod-shape, and if they are suspended in an isotropic liquid host at sufficient concentration.This book aims to cover both the modern research tracks, gathering pioneering researchers of the different subfields to give a concise overview of the basis as well as the prospects of their respective specialties. The scope spans from curiosity-driven fundamental scientific research to applied sciences. Over the course of the next decade, the former is likely to generate new tracks of the latter type, considering the exploratory and productive phase of this young research field.

Lyotropic Liquid Crystals

Author : Ingo Dierking
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192653822
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Lyotropic Liquid Crystals by : Ingo Dierking

Download or read book Lyotropic Liquid Crystals written by Ingo Dierking and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-07-16 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to review the field of lyotropic liquid crystals from amphiphilic to colloidal systems, bridging the gap between the two worlds of lyotropics and thermotropics by showing that many of the features observed in standard thermotropic liquid crystals may also be observed in lyotropic systems and vice versa. Indeed, for a long time, lyotropic liquid crystals have been overshadowed by their thermotropic counterparts, mainly due to the potential for application of the latter in the display industry. This picture has somewhat shifted over the last decade, with numerous novel lyotropic systems having been discovered and formulated, bringing to light their importance in wider scientific research. For example, the understanding of viruses forming self-assembled ordered phases has largely increased as mineral liquid crystals and clays have experienced a renaissance leading to fundamental research and work on structure formation in nanotechnology. Similarly, nano-rods, nano-wires, nanotubes and 2D materials like graphene oxide and others have been shown to exhibit liquid crystalline behaviour, which may be exploited in self-assembly, drug delivery or biosensors. Cellulose nanocrystals have become an important and popular field of research. The self-assembly of short chain DNA fragments has led to liquid crystal behaviour previously thought to be impossible. Chromonics were shown to exhibit fascinating physical properties, and the combination of active fluids with liquid crystals has opened a whole new field of research to be explored - 'living liquid crystals'.

The Molecular Dynamics of Liquid Crystals

Author : G.R. Luckhurst
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401111685
Total Pages : 612 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis The Molecular Dynamics of Liquid Crystals by : G.R. Luckhurst

Download or read book The Molecular Dynamics of Liquid Crystals written by G.R. Luckhurst and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid-crystalline phases are now known to be formed by an ever growing range of quite diverse materials, these include those of low molecular weight as well as the novel liquid-crystalline polymers, such phases can also be induced by the addition of a solvent to amphiphilic systems leading to lyotropic liquid crystals. Irrespective of the structure of the constituent molecules these numerous liquid-cl)'Stailine phases are characterised by their long range orientational order. In addition certain phases exhibit elements of long range positional order. Our understanding, both experimental and theoretical, at the molecular level of the static behaviour of these fascinating and important materials is now well advanced. In contrast the influence of the long range order; both orientational and positional, on the molecular dynamics in liquid Cl)'Stais is less well understood. In an attempt to address this situation a NATO Advanced Study Institute devoted to liquid ctystal dynamics was held at n Ciocco, Barga, Italy in September 1989. This brought together experimentalists and theoreticians concerned with the various dynamical processes occurring in all liquid crystals. The skills of the participants was impressively wide ranging; they spanned the experimental techniques used in the study of molecular dynamics, the nature of the systems investigated and the theoretical models employed to understand the results. While much was learnt it was also recognised that much more needed to be done in order to advance our understanding of molecular dynamics in liquid Cl)'Stais.

Phase Transitions in Complex Fluids

Author : Pierre Toldano
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9789810232603
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (326 download)

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Book Synopsis Phase Transitions in Complex Fluids by : Pierre Toldano

Download or read book Phase Transitions in Complex Fluids written by Pierre Toldano and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important and timely book deals with the theoretical and experimental investigation of the phase transitions which occur in complex fluid systems, namely lyotropic systems, microemulsions, colloids, gels, polymers, biological membranes, Langmuir monolayers, and ferrofluids. It contains 20-odd review papers from the major contributors to this rapidly growing field of research, summarizing the main results obtained in the description and understanding of the phase transitions taking place between the isotopic, nematic, cholesteric, lamellar, hexagonal, and cubic mesophases of complex fluids.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies in Lyotropic Liquid Crystals

Author : CL Khetrapal
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642454739
Total Pages : 89 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies in Lyotropic Liquid Crystals by : CL Khetrapal

Download or read book Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies in Lyotropic Liquid Crystals written by CL Khetrapal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Lyotropic Liquid Crystals The class of compounds known as thermotropic liquid crystals has been widely utilized in basic research and industry during recent years. The properties of these materials are such that on heating from the solid to the isotropic liquid state, phase transitions occur with the formation of one or more intermediate anisotropic liquids. The unique and sometimes startling properties of these liquid crystals are the properties of pure compounds. However, there exists a second class of substances known as lyotropic liquid crystals which obtain their anisotropic properties from the mixing of two or more components. One of the components is amphiphilic, containing a polar head group (generally ionic or zwitterionic) attached to one or more long-chain hydrocarbons; the second component is usually water. Lyotropic liquid crystals occur abundantly in nature, particularly in all living systems. As a consequence, a bright future seems assured for studies on such systems. Even now, many of the properties of these systems are poorly understood. It is the purpose of this review to consolidate the results obtained from nuclear magnetic resonance studies of such systems and to provide a coherent picture of the field. Probably the most familiar example of a lyotropic liquid crystal is soap in water. A common soap is sodium dodecylsulphate where an ionic group (sulphate) is attached to a hydrocarbon chain containing twelve carbons.

Organic Materials as Smart Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery

Author : Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
Publisher : William Andrew
ISBN 13 : 0128136642
Total Pages : 770 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Organic Materials as Smart Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery by : Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu

Download or read book Organic Materials as Smart Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery written by Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2018-03-26 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic Materials as Smart Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery presents the latest developments in the area of organic frameworks used in pharmaceutical nanotechnology. An up-to-date overview of organic smart nanocarriers is explored, along with the different types of nanocarriers, including polymeric micelles, cyclodextrins, hydrogels, lipid nanoparticles and nanoemlusions. Written by a diverse range of international academics, this book is a valuable reference for researchers in biomaterials, the pharmaceutical industry, and those who want to learn more about the current applications of organic smart nanocarriers. - Explores the most recent molecular- and structure-based applications of organic smart nanocarriers in drug delivery - Highlights different smart nanocarriers and assesses their intricate organic structural properties for improving drug delivery - Assesses how molecular organic frameworks lead to more effective drug delivery systems

Liquid Crystals

Author : Horst Stegemeyer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662083930
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Liquid Crystals by : Horst Stegemeyer

Download or read book Liquid Crystals written by Horst Stegemeyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1959, about 1400 compounds forming liquid crystalline phases were known; by 1992, this number had increased to about 50 000. In portable devices like wristwatches, pocket caculators, measuring instruments, and laptop computers the liquid crystal display technology has gained total acceptance and is on the way to encompass the market of colour TV screens. This development makes a volume devoted to liquid crystals in the series Topics in Physical Chemistry desirable. Following the concept of this series, an easy introduction to liquid crystals is given, enabling the reader to understand the basic problems of liquid crystals research and application. Because of the widespread field of different research activities in liquid crystals and applications, various competent authors have been involved in writing chapters on: - Phase types, structures, and chemistry of liquid crystals; - Thermodynamical behavior and physical properties of thermotropic liquid crystals; - Liquid crystalline polymers; - Lyotropic liquid crystals; - Application of liquid crystals in spectroscopy; - Application of liquid crystals in display technology.

Phase Transitions in Liquid Crystals

Author : Arthur N. Chester
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468491512
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Phase Transitions in Liquid Crystals by : Arthur N. Chester

Download or read book Phase Transitions in Liquid Crystals written by Arthur N. Chester and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nato Advanced Study Institute "Phase Transitions in Liquid Crystals" was held May 2-12, 1991, in Erice, Sicily. This was the 16th conference organized by the International School of Quantum Electronics, under the auspices of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. The subject of "Liquid Crystals" has made amazing progress since the last ISQE Course on this subject in 1985. The present Proceedings give a tutorial introduction to today's most important areas, as well as a review of current results by leading researchers. We have brought together some of the world's acknowledged experts in the field to summarize both the present state of their research and its background. Most of the lecturers attended all the lectures and devoted their spare hours to stimulating discussions. We would like to thank them all for their admirable contributions. The Institute also took advantage of a very active audience; most of the students were active researchers in the field and contributed with discussions and seminars. Some of these student seminars are also included in these Proceedings. We did not modify the original manuscripts in editing this book, but we did group them according to the following topics: 1) "Theoretical Foundations"; 2) "Thermotropic Liquid Crystals"; 3) "Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals"; 4) "Polymeric Liquid Crystals"; and 5) "Lyotropic Liquid Crystals".

The Language of Shape

Author : S. Hyde
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080542549
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis The Language of Shape by : S. Hyde

Download or read book The Language of Shape written by S. Hyde and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-11-19 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops the thesis that structure and function in a variety of condensed systems - from the atomic assemblies in inorganic frameworks and organic molecules, through molecular self-assemblies to proteins - can be unified when curvature and surface geometry are taken together with molecular shape and forces. An astonishing variety of synthetic and biological assemblies can be accurately modelled and understood in terms of hyperbolic surfaces, whose richness and beauty are only now being revealed by applied mathematicians, physicists, chemists and crystallographers. These surfaces, often close to periodic minimal surfaces, weave and twist through space, carving out interconnected labyrinths whose range of topologies and symmetries challenge the imaginative powers.The book offers an overview of these structures and structural transformations, convincingly demonstrating their ubiquity in covalent frameworks from zeolites used for cracking oil and pollution control to enzymes and structural proteins, thermotropic and lyotropic bicontinuous mesophases formed by surfactants, detergents and lipids, synthetic block copolymer and protein networks, as well as biological cell assemblies, from muscles to membranes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The relation between structure and function is analysed in terms of the previously neglected hidden variables of curvature and topology. Thus, the catalytic activity of zeolites and enzymes, the superior material properties of interpenetrating networks in microstructured polymer composites, the transport requirements in cells, the transmission of nerve signals and the folding of DNA can be more easily understood in the light of this.The text is liberally sprinkled with figures and colour plates, making it accessible to both the beginning graduate student and researchers in condensed matter physics and chemistry, mineralogists, crystallographers and biologists.

Liquid Crystals Beyond Displays

Author : Quan Li
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118078616
Total Pages : 598 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Liquid Crystals Beyond Displays by : Quan Li

Download or read book Liquid Crystals Beyond Displays written by Quan Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-29 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chemistry, physics, and applications of liquid crystals beyond LCDs Liquid Crystals (LCs) combine order and mobility on a molecular and supramolecular level. But while these remarkable states of matter are most commonly associated with visual display technologies, they have important applications for a variety of other fields as well. Liquid Crystals Beyond Displays: Chemistry, Physics, and Applications considers these, bringing together cutting-edge research from some of the most promising areas of LC science. Featuring contributions from respected researchers from around the globe, this edited volume emphasizes the chemistry, physics, and applications of LCs in areas such as photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, filed-effect transistors, lasers, molecular motors, nanophotonics and biosensors. Specific chapters look at magnetic LCs, lyotropic chromonic LCs, LC-based chemical sensors, LCs in metamaterials, and much more. Introducing readers to the fundamentals of LC science through the use of illustrative examples, Liquid Crystals Beyond Displays covers not only the most recent research in the myriad areas in which LCs are being utilized, but also looks ahead, addressing potential future developments. Designed for physicists, chemists, engineers, and biologists working in academia or industry, as well as graduate students specializing in LC technology, this is the first book to consider LC applications across a wide range of fields.

Biaxial Nematic Liquid Crystals

Author : Geoffrey R. Luckhurst
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470871954
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Biaxial Nematic Liquid Crystals by : Geoffrey R. Luckhurst

Download or read book Biaxial Nematic Liquid Crystals written by Geoffrey R. Luckhurst and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-05-04 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the nematic liquid crystal phase, rod-shaped molecules move randomly but remain essentially parallel to one another. Biaxial nematics, which were first predicted in 1970 by Marvin Freiser, have their molecules differentially oriented along two axes. They have the potential to create displays with fast switching times and may have applications in thin-film displays and other liquid crystal technologies. This book is the first to be concerned solely with biaxial nematic liquid crystals, both lyotropic and thermotropic, formed by low molar mass as well as polymeric systems. It opens with a general introduction to the biaxial nematic phase and covers: • Order parameters and distribution functions • Molecular field theory • Theories for hard biaxial particles • Computer simulation of biaxial nematics • Alignment of the phase • Display applications • Characterisation and identification • Lyotropic, thermotropic and colloidal systems together with material design With a consistent, coherent and pedagogical approach, this book brings together theory, simulations and experimental studies; it includes contributions from some of the leading figures in the field. It is relevant to students and researchers as well as to industry professionals working in soft matter, liquid crystals, liquid crystal devices and their applications throughout materials science, chemistry, physics, mathematics and display engineering.

Introduction to Liquid Crystals

Author : Peter J. Collings
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351988786
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Liquid Crystals by : Peter J. Collings

Download or read book Introduction to Liquid Crystals written by Peter J. Collings and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-06 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text relies on only introductory level physics and chemistry as the foundation for understanding liquid crystal science. Liquid crystals combine the material properties of solids with the flow properties of fluids. As such they have provided the foundation for a revolution in low- power, flat-panel display technology LCDs. In this book, the essential elements of liquid crystal science are introduced and explained from the perspectives of both the chemist and the physicist.; The text begins with an historical account of the discovery of liquid crystals and continues with a description of how different phases are generated and how different molecular architectures affect liquid crystalline properties. The rest of the book is concerned with understanding and explaining the properties of the various types of liquid crystals, and in the final part of the book, the technology of LCDs is discussed and illustrated.

Liquid Crystals, Laptops and Life

Author : Michael R. Fisch
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9789812389015
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Liquid Crystals, Laptops and Life by : Michael R. Fisch

Download or read book Liquid Crystals, Laptops and Life written by Michael R. Fisch and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life, Laptops and Liquid Crystals connects the science of one of the icons of the digital age, the laptop computer, with life itself via liquid crystals, the phase of matter essential to both. The book begins with a review of basic chemistry and physics, then goes on to discuss semiconductors, polymers, liquid crystals, and the molecules of life. Applications of these basic concepts to electronic devices, liquid crystal displays, art, and of course the laptop computer, complete the text. Physics, chemistry, materials science, electronics, and biology are all essential to understanding those topics. The necessary concepts in each field are developed with an eye to emphasizing molecules and molecular interactions. Each chapter concludes with review exercise, as well as references and research questions that encourage the reader to explore the topics in more depth.