Low Cost And Scalable Material Designs And Processes For Next Generation Lithium Ion Battery Anodes

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Low-Cost and Scalable Material Designs and Processes for Next-Generation Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

Author : Jesse Adam Baucom
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Low-Cost and Scalable Material Designs and Processes for Next-Generation Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes by : Jesse Adam Baucom

Download or read book Low-Cost and Scalable Material Designs and Processes for Next-Generation Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes written by Jesse Adam Baucom and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern human civilization depends on the production and utilization of vast quantities of energy. While innovations in technology are generally met with applause, discoveries over the potential catastrophic impacts of our current ways of generating energy on our climate and society have prompted worldwide efforts to mitigate these issues. Although environmentally-friendly and sustainable methods for electricity generation such as solar photovoltaic energy hold promise for solving our energy issues, a complete shift towards renewable energy would require the development of grid-scale energy storage systems due to the intermittent nature of such technology. In addition, the automotive industry is undergoing a complete transformation to electrification in efforts to reduce the environmental impact of vehicles and comply with increasingly stringent regulations, representing yet another urgent need for high-performance energy storage systems. Of all energy storage technologies for potentially enabling grid storage and electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries are of particular interest due to their rechargeability, high energy and power densities, and energy efficiency. Although lithium-ion batteries are now widely used for a variety of applications, their prohibitively high cost has prevented their application in these crucial technologies. For specific applications such as electric vehicles and portable electronics, lithium-ion batteries have yet to achieve the energy and power density requirements necessary, posing additional barriers. On top of these obstacles, the commercial viability of lithium-ion batteries for these applications depends on the ability to scale up the production processes to satisfy the market need, creating yet another challenge for solving these important issues. While the development of high-capacity anode materials for lithium-ion batteries is a promising route towards enabling these applications, many of the novel designs for such materials are prohibitively expensive or difficult to scale, preventing them from achieving widespread market adoption. In this dissertation, we describe novel materials and processes for producing three high-capacity anode materials of great industry and academic interest: graphene, silicon, and lithium metal. First, we present a novel method for induction heating-mediated synthesis of freestanding anodes for improving the scalability of traditional chemical vapor deposition processes through reduced process downtimes while enabling higher energy and volumetric densities in lithium-ion batteries by virtue of the freestanding nature of the electrode design, reducing the mass and volume of electrochemically-inactive components. Next, we describe a method for the production of silicon/PVA/graphite composite anodes with long cycling life through the use of a 1-step ball milling method utilizing low-cost precursors for scalable production of high-capacity anode materials. Finally, we reveal a design for air-stable lithium metal hosts fabricated from a scalable powder metallurgic approach, which allows for the fabrication of high-performance lithium metal batteries compatible with existing infrastructure, circumventing the need for a high-cost assembly in an inert atmosphere.

Engineered Nano-architectures as Advanced Anode Materials for Next Generation Lithium Ion Batteries

Author : Fathy Mohamed Hassan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Engineered Nano-architectures as Advanced Anode Materials for Next Generation Lithium Ion Batteries by : Fathy Mohamed Hassan

Download or read book Engineered Nano-architectures as Advanced Anode Materials for Next Generation Lithium Ion Batteries written by Fathy Mohamed Hassan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Li-ion batteries have a predominant market share as mobile energy storage devices, especially in consumer electronics. New concepts for electrode material designs are, however, necessary to boost their energy and power densities, and most importantly, the long term cycle stability. This will allow for these devices to gain widespread acceptance in electric vehicles, an area with immense market potential and environmental benefits. From a practical perspective, new electrode materials must be developed by simplistic, environmentally friendly and low cost processes. As a new class of electrode materials, mesoporous Sn/SnO2/Carbon composites with uniformly distributed Sn/SnO2 embedded within the carbon pore walls have been rationally designed and synthesized. These nanocomposites have been characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and tested as negative electrodes in a cell using lithium foil as the counter electrode. The inclusion of metallic Sn in SnO2/CMK3 resulted in a unique, ordered structure and provided a synergistic effect which resulted in an impressive initial reversible capacity of 799 mAh g-1. In addition, at a high current of 800 mAg-1, the heterogeneous structure was able to provide a stable capacity of 350 mAhg-1 and a retention capacity of ~ 670 mAh g-1 after 60 cycles. While Sn/SnO2 composites have been deemed very promising, Si materials boast improved energy storage capacities, inspiring us to investigate these materials as new anode structure. A novel one-pot synthesis for the sub-eutectic growth of (111) oriented Si nanowires on an in-situ formed nickel nanoparticle catalyst prepared from an inexpensive nickel nitrate precursor is developed. Anchoring the nickel nanoparticles to a simultaneously reduced graphene oxide support created synergy between the individual components of the c-SiNW-G composite, which greatly improved the reversible charge capacity and its retention at high current density when applied as an anode for a lithium-ion battery. The c-SiNW-G electrodes in a Li-ion battery achieved excellent high-rate performance, producing a stable reversible capacity of 550 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles at 6.8 A g-1 (78% of that at 0.1 A g-1). Thus, this process creates an important building block for a new wave of low cost silicon nanowire materials and a promising avenue for high rate Li-ion batteries. While excellent rate capability was obtained by using SiNW/graphene based material, simplifying the process may drive Si based materials to commercialization. A novel, economical flash heat treatment to fabricate silicon based electrodes is introduced to boost the performance and cycle capability of Li-ion batteries. The treatment results in a high mass fraction of Si, improved interfacial contact, synergistic SiO2/C coating and a conductive cellular network for improved electronic conductivity, as well as flexibility for stress compensation. The developed electrodes achieve first cycle efficiency of ~84% and a maximum charge capacity of 3525 mA h g-1, which is almost 84% of silicon's theoretical maximum. Furthermore, a stable reversible charge capacity of 1150 mA h g-1 at 1.2 A g-1 can be achieved over 500 cycles. Thus, the flash heat treatment method introduces a promising avenue for the production of industrially viable, next-generation Li-ion batteries. Even though we obtained a dramatic improvement to a treated electrode based on commercial silicon, we still need to boast the cycle stability and high areal capacity achieved by higher electrode loading. Thus, we report a scalable approach that relies on covalent binding commercially available Si nanoparticles (SiNP) to sulfur-doped graphene (SG) followed by shielding them with cyclized polyacrylonitrile. The covalent synergy led to improved material property that can deliver stable reversible capacity of 1033 mAh g-1 for more than 2000 cycles at a rate of 1 A g-1. The areal capacity was 3.5 mAh cm-2 at 0.1 A g-1, approaching the commercial demand. The spatial arrangement of Si after cycling reveals that it was confined in nanowires morphology. This reveals that the solid electrolyte interphase remains stable leading to superior cyclability. Our DFT calculations revealed covalent hybrid interaction between Si, S, and C leading to stable material configuration. Furthermore, the structure synergy facilitated lithium diffusion, which strongly supports our results. This simple, low cost, feasible, and safe approach provide new avenues for engineering electrode structure for enhanced performance.

Nanostructured Materials for Next-Generation Energy Storage and Conversion

Author : Qiang Zhen
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3662586754
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanostructured Materials for Next-Generation Energy Storage and Conversion by : Qiang Zhen

Download or read book Nanostructured Materials for Next-Generation Energy Storage and Conversion written by Qiang Zhen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-10 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 3 of a 4-volume series is a concise, authoritative and an eminently readable and enjoyable experience related to lithium ion battery design, characterization and usage for portable and stationary power. Although the major focus is on lithium metal oxides or transition metal oxide as alloys, the discussion of fossil fuels is also presented where appropriate. This monograph is written by recognized experts in the field, and is both timely and appropriate as this decade will see application of lithium as an energy carrier, for example in the transportation sector. This Volume focuses on the fundamentals related to batteries using the latest research in the field of battery physics, chemistry, and electrochemistry. The research summarised in this book by leading experts is laid out in an easy-to-understand format to enable the layperson to grasp the essence of the technology, its pitfalls and current challenges in high-power Lithium battery research. After introductory remarks on policy and battery safety, a series of monographs are offered related to fundamentals of lithium batteries, including, theoretical modeling, simulation and experimental techniques used to characterize electrode materials, both at the material composition, and also at the device level. The different properties specific to each component of the batteries are discussed in order to offer tradeoffs between power and energy density, energy cycling, safety and where appropriate end-of-life disposal. Parameters affecting battery performance and cost, longevity using newer metal oxides, different electrolytes are also reviewed in the context of safety concerns and in relation to the solid-electrolyte interface. Separators, membranes, solid-state electrolytes, and electrolyte additives are also reviewed in light of safety, recycling, and high energy endurance issues. The book is intended for a wide audience, such as scientists who are new to the field, practitioners, as well as students in the STEM and STEP fields, as well as students working on batteries. The sections on safety and policy would be of great interest to engineers and technologists who want to obtain a solid grounding in the fundamentals of battery science arising from the interaction of electrochemistry, solid-state materials science, surfaces, and interfaces.

Silicon Based Thin Film Anodes for Next Generation Lithium Ion Battery

Author : Polat Karahan Billur Deniz
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783659767470
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (674 download)

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Book Synopsis Silicon Based Thin Film Anodes for Next Generation Lithium Ion Battery by : Polat Karahan Billur Deniz

Download or read book Silicon Based Thin Film Anodes for Next Generation Lithium Ion Battery written by Polat Karahan Billur Deniz and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-08-12 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the selection criteria for material and production process are explained to improve the capacity and the cycle life of negative electrodes for lithium ion battery. In this sense, importance of Si thin film anode has been widely discussed. Among alternative production processes, magnetron sputtering is highlighted since it leads to form highly adherent amorphous/nano-sized crystaline structured film due to energetic particles deposition. Moreover to improve the electonic conductivity and to promote the mechanical resistance, Cu atoms are deposited with Si. The test results of different Si-Cu films show that compositionally graded film represents the most promising anode material because high Cu content at the bottom of the film enhances the adhesion and the low Cu content on top increases the capacity and the reversibility of lithiation/delithiation reactions. In the concept of the book, a clear understanding on the relationship between morphological, structural design and electrochemical performance of the thin films has been made. This would increase the likelihood of making high capacity anodes for next generation lithium ion batteries.

Structure Design of Silicon Anodes for High Energy Lithium Batteries

Author : Nian Liu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Structure Design of Silicon Anodes for High Energy Lithium Batteries by : Nian Liu

Download or read book Structure Design of Silicon Anodes for High Energy Lithium Batteries written by Nian Liu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than two centuries old, battery technology has never attracted so much attention as it is today from all over academia, industry, government, and general public. Its extended application in our daily life, from portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, to power grid storage is driving the urgent need for major breakthroughs, in energy density, cycle life, and cost. One of the materials of choice is silicon. Silicon anodes have an order of magnitude higher capacity than state-of-the-art graphite anodes, providing great promise for use not only in Li-ion, but also in next generation high energy Li-S and Li-O2 batteries. However, Si anodes of conventional structure have very short cycle life, because the volume change of Si upon cycling leads to fracture and unstable interfaces. In this dissertation, I employed nanoscale materials design to overcome these problems, by rationally making accurate void space available inside the structure, and limiting the surfaces that are exposed to the electrolyte. The first-generation "yolk-shell" anode prevents fracture, stabilizes the interface, and significantly extends cycle life at small mass loading. Then I designed a second-generation "pomegranate" anode that has reduced interface side-reaction, increased energy density, and enhanced electrode-level conductivity. This design performs excellently even at mass loading as high as commercial batteries. Moreover, its fabrication is highly scalable. Next, I developed a method that produces the key source material for the above designs, Si nanoparticles, from rice husks, an agricultural byproduct with extremely high annual yield, and low cost. Finally, a prelithiation method has been developed for silicon anodes so that it could be paired with high-energy sulfur cathodes to make a full battery. Such a combination can give almost 400% the energy of state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries, enabling the next generation of battery technology.

Novel Materials for Next Generation Lithium Batteries

Author : Xing Xing
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Novel Materials for Next Generation Lithium Batteries by : Xing Xing

Download or read book Novel Materials for Next Generation Lithium Batteries written by Xing Xing and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium-ion batteries are one of the most promising energy storage devices for their light weight and superior cycling stability. However, the state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries cannot satisfy the ever-increasing market demand of high energy density electrochemical energy devices. Advanced lithium batteries based on novel electrode materials could provide higher energy density thus become a hot research topic.This dissertation will discuss the designs and applications of novel electrode materials to address the performance challenges for different types of energy storage devices. Chapter 2 provides a new strategy to fabricate a "lithium-free" all-solid-state battery. The 3D hybrid anode design improves the cycling stability of all-solid-state batteries by overcoming the commonly observed cell failure due to the electrode volume change and lithium dendrite growth. This design provides a promising approach towards a high energy density, long life, and low-cost all-solid-state battery technology. In Chapter 3, a concentrated ether--based electrolyte with LiTFSI and LiNO3 as cosalts is proposed, which enables stable cycling of a Li-SPAN battery. In addition to providing excellent protection for lithium metal anodes by forming the solid electrolyte interface (SEI), the electrolyte promotes the formation of a crystalline cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) on the SPAN surface composed of LiF and LiNO2. The CEI effectively prevents the formation of soluble polysulfide species and enables stable cycling of the Li-SPAN batteries. In Chapter 4, a V2O5-Si multi-layer composite anode is proposed and fabricated. The mixed conductive V2O5 layer effectively confines the volume change of Si layer and prevents the parasitic reactions between Si and electrolyte. This strategy enables the anode a long cycle life as well as a long calendar life while maintaining high energy density.

Functional Materials For Next-generation Rechargeable Batteries

Author : Jiangfeng Ni
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9811230684
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Functional Materials For Next-generation Rechargeable Batteries by : Jiangfeng Ni

Download or read book Functional Materials For Next-generation Rechargeable Batteries written by Jiangfeng Ni and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-02-10 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over-consumption of fossil fuels has caused deficiency of limited resources and environmental pollution. Hence, deployment and utilization of renewable energy become an urgent need. The development of next-generation rechargeable batteries that store more energy and last longer has been significantly driven by the utilization of renewable energy.This book starts with principles and fundamentals of lithium rechargeable batteries, followed by their designs and assembly. The book then focuses on the recent progress in the development of advanced functional materials, as both cathode and anode, for next-generation rechargeable batteries such as lithium-sulfur, sodium-ion, and zinc-ion batteries. One of the special features of this book is that both inorganic electrode materials and organic materials are included to meet the requirement of high energy density and high safety of future rechargeable batteries. In addition to traditional non-aqueous rechargeable batteries, detailed information and discussion on aqueous batteries and solid-state batteries are also provided.

Materials Understanding for Development of Next Generation Li-ion Battery Anodes

Author : Fuqun Grace Vasiknanonte
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Materials Understanding for Development of Next Generation Li-ion Battery Anodes by : Fuqun Grace Vasiknanonte

Download or read book Materials Understanding for Development of Next Generation Li-ion Battery Anodes written by Fuqun Grace Vasiknanonte and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern lithium-ion batteries rely on the anode material to contain the capacity of the battery safely and reliably for maximum rechargeability, but the current mode of operation cannot be sustained without new tools and material options as the need for improved fast charging capability increases. Traditional graphite has been able to fulfill demands in consumer electronics with smaller cell capacity, but with industrial automotive cell packs, the anode is limited in its volumetric and gravimetric capacity and highly susceptible to hazardous Li plating, especially at high charging rates. Key to addressing these problems will be industrially relevant strategies to enable new, higher capacity materials and practical characterization tools. This work aims to explore the relevant criteria and methods to develop a mechanically and chemically stable silicon anode through facile carbon coating and conversion techniques. Furthermore, with current understanding of anode volume expansion principles, a platform has been developed to probe the behaviors of pressure in informing long-term cell degradation. It is through this work that improved cycle life of bare silicon anode and reliable measurements of pressure can be achieved.

Rational Design of Lithium/Sodium Ion Battery Anode for High Performance Energy Storage

Author : Xianyang Li
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Rational Design of Lithium/Sodium Ion Battery Anode for High Performance Energy Storage by : Xianyang Li

Download or read book Rational Design of Lithium/Sodium Ion Battery Anode for High Performance Energy Storage written by Xianyang Li and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid increasing consumption of fossil fuels since the industrial revolution has brought about environmental and ecological contamination and its depletion, thus, humankind must stop to utilize more clean and renewable energy such as solar, hydraulic power, wind power as alternative. In this case, an effective and efficient medium is a must since those sorts of renewable energy are difficult to be stored and utilized in a standard way. As the invention and improvement of battery, electrical power come up to be the chosen solution. Therefore, electrical vehicles are already commercialized for a long time and growing up rapidly, grabbing the market share from traditional Inner Combustion Engine vehicles. Among the various battery chemistries, Lithium-ion Batteries (LIBs) have acquire most of attention from both academia and industry. With a similar mechanism, Sodium-ion Batteries (SIBs) are acting as an alternative for LIBs for their low cost. However, the current battery performance cannot satisfy the market of electrical vehicle and consumer electronics, thus, energy density and power density as two of the crucial factors for battery performance must be enhanced. To address these issues, the anode of LIBs and SIBs need to be improved. In this dissertation, novel ideas for anode materials design were given, towards not only the current anode modification, but next generation anode production as well. With a high theoretical capacity of 2595 mAh g-1 from alloy reaction, phosphorus is one of the most promising candidates as next generation anode material for lithium/sodium ion battery. Nonetheless, it is suffering volume expansion (300% for LIBs and 500% for SIBs) and low conductivity during cycling, leading to sacrificed robustness of the electrode. Herein, we developed an efficient and effective high energy ball milling route to crystalline phosphorus within carbon matrix as anode material for LIB and SIB. The special structure offers many advantages: enhanced the conductivity; shortened distance for Li+ or Na+ diffusion; buffered volumetric expansion and more stable structure. Benefitting from the merits, the composite delivers a capacity over 1000 mAh g-1 for about 300 cycles at a specific current of 1 A g-1. Both half-cell and full cell cycling test show an 80% retention around 300th cycle. More essentially, crystalline phosphorus can be still found after many cycles. As-prepared material also delivered a high sodium capacity over 700 mAh g-1 over 300 cycles. For increasing utilization in electrical vehicles, the limitation of power density has become a severe issue for LIBs. Therefore, LIBs with advanced high rate performance is highly desirable. A major issue for developing high rate battery is the performance of anode as their sluggish intercalation kinetics. Herein, we provide a new strategy for advanced performance LIB anode design and its demonstration. To fabricate anode with both high energy and power density, two different materials with each character respectively were mixed to achieve the goal, meanwhile, they need to have different charge and discharge plateaus. As the redox plateaus of these materials are different, the electrochemical interaction will occur when they are being charged or discharged as composite, thus enhance the performance as anode for LIBs. Phosphorus-carbon composite and commercialized LTO were utilized to demonstrate this strategy. The current anode system in commercialized LIBs are difficult to be substituted in the near future because of their low charging potential which leads to a high energy density for full cell. In this case, the development of LIBs in EV are highly depends on modification of the current system in recent years. Therefore, we developed a new route for graphite anode improvement with the additive of Metal-organic Framework (MOF). With its special structure, open metal sites (OMS), MOF can immobilize the anion of electrolyte by forming coordination bond, thereby prevents the electrolyte from decomposition, so as to eliminate the byproduct and heat release. With these advantages from MOF additive, the graphite anode performance was improved a great deal especially fast discharging (full cell). And post-cycle characterization explores that MOF keeps higher crystallinity of graphite and lower down the decomposition of the electrolyte LiPF6.

Advanced Battery Materials

Author : Chunwen Sun
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119407702
Total Pages : 654 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Battery Materials by : Chunwen Sun

Download or read book Advanced Battery Materials written by Chunwen Sun and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-03-26 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details the latest R&D in electrochemical energy storage technologies for portable electronics and electric vehicle applications. During the past three decades, great progress has been made in R & D of various batteries in terms of energy density increase and cost reduction. One of the biggest challenges is increasing the energy density to achieve longer endurance time. In this book, recent research and development in advanced electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage devices is covered. Topics covered in this important book include: Carbon anode materials for sodium-ion batteries Lithium titanate-based lithium-ion batteries Rational material design and performance optimization of transition metal oxide-based lithium ion battery anodes Effects of graphene on the electrochemical properties of the electrode of lithium ion batteries Silicon-based lithium-ion battery anodes Mo-based anode materials for alkali metal ion batteries Lithium-sulfur batteries Graphene in Lithium-Ion/Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Graphene-ionic liquid supercapacitors Battery electrodes based on carbon species and conducting polymers Doped graphene for electrochemical energy storage systems Processing of graphene oxide for enhanced electrical properties

Towards Low Cost, Environmentally and Socially Responsible Materials for Next-generation Lithium-ion Batteries

Author : Shyam Subramaniam Sharma
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Towards Low Cost, Environmentally and Socially Responsible Materials for Next-generation Lithium-ion Batteries by : Shyam Subramaniam Sharma

Download or read book Towards Low Cost, Environmentally and Socially Responsible Materials for Next-generation Lithium-ion Batteries written by Shyam Subramaniam Sharma and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rechargeable batteries are key to unlocking the potential held by both electric vehicles and clean energy technologies. However, while batteries are at the center of the clean energy revolution, they are not free of their own impacts on the planet. Here, we first provide a robust, holistic framework for researchers to use to assess these impacts for any battery material. The framework addresses four key issues present during the battery manufacturing process: (i) total energy use and emissions, (ii) toxicity, (iii) habitat destruction, and (iv) social impact. This article also includes impact assessments for three battery chemistries that are being intensely pursued: (i) LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) - Graphite, (ii) LiFePO4 (LFP)-Graphite, and (iii) aqueous Na-ion. Based on these assessments, we highlight the need to eliminate the use of cobalt and the N-methlypyrrolidone (NMP) solvent. Additionally, we demonstrate the safety benefits of low toxicity electrolyte salts and non-toxic binders. Lastly, we show the land use reductions afforded by using iron and manganese-based cathodes, sodium as the working ion, and cellulose over polyethylene separators. Based on the findings of our initial study, we propose the use of freestanding Al-based foils as low cost, environmentally friendly anodes for future Li-ion batteries. Specifically, we demonstrate the positive effect of as low as 1% silicon doping (Al99.0Si1.0) on the performance of a free-standing, aluminum foil anode. The Al99.0Si1.0 foil anode displays substantial improvements in both cycle life (> 100 cycles) and coulombic efficiency (> 99.5%) compared to pure Al in both half and full cells. Ex-situ morphological analysis with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals the formation of a large, interconnected network of deep cracks in Al99.0Si1.0 after the initial cycle, generating nanostructured, porous aluminum “islands” supported by a pristine, unreacted aluminum substrate. We believe that this highly stable structure allows for facile lithium transport and has the capability to freely expand/contract without isolation from the base foil, preventing rapid mechanical failures of the electrode. Our results demonstrate the potential of Si-doped Al foil anodes as a low cost, sustainable battery material, and the study will stimulate further exploration of Al-alloy foil anodes

Towards Highly Scalable, Environmentally Benign, High Performance Silicon-cased Lithium-ion Battery Anodes

Author : Zachary James Favors
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321734959
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis Towards Highly Scalable, Environmentally Benign, High Performance Silicon-cased Lithium-ion Battery Anodes by : Zachary James Favors

Download or read book Towards Highly Scalable, Environmentally Benign, High Performance Silicon-cased Lithium-ion Battery Anodes written by Zachary James Favors and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicon dioxide is discussed and analyzed as a potential next-generation LIB material in the form of SiO2 NTs synthesized via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of polydimethylsiloxane (PMDS) elastomer on anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. SiO2 NTs produce a highly stable specific capacity of 1266 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles with Coulombic efficiencies (CEs) in excess of 98.5%.

Silicon-based Nanomaterials

Author : Handong Li
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461481694
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Silicon-based Nanomaterials by : Handong Li

Download or read book Silicon-based Nanomaterials written by Handong Li and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-02 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A variety of nanomaterials have excellent optoelectronic and electronic properties for novel device applications. At the same time, and with advances in silicon integrated circuit (IC) techniques, compatible Si-based nanomaterials hold promise of applying the advantages of nanomaterials to the conventional IC industry. This book focuses not only on silicon nanomaterials, but also summarizes up-to-date developments in the integration of non-silicon nanomaterials on silicon. The book showcases the work of leading researchers from around the world who address such key questions as: Which silicon nanomaterials can give the desired optical, electrical, and structural properties, and how are they prepared? What nanomaterials can be integrated on to a silicon substrate and how is this accomplished? What Si-based nanomaterials may bring a breakthrough in this field? These questions address the practical issues associated with the development of nanomaterial-based devices in applications areas such as solar cells, luminous devices for optical communication (detectors, lasers), and high mobility transistors. Investigation of silicon-based nanostructures is of great importance to make full use of nanomaterials for device applications. Readers will receive a comprehensive view of Si-based nanomaterials, which will hopefully stimulate interest in developing novel nanostructures or techniques to satisfy the requirements of high performance device applications. The goal is to make nanomaterials the main constituents of the high performance devices of the future.

Rational Design of Graphene-based Architectures for High-performance Lithium-ion Battery Anodes

Author : Huan Wang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Rational Design of Graphene-based Architectures for High-performance Lithium-ion Battery Anodes by : Huan Wang

Download or read book Rational Design of Graphene-based Architectures for High-performance Lithium-ion Battery Anodes written by Huan Wang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in synthesis and processing of nanocarbon materials, particularly graphene, have presented the opportunity to design novel Li-ion battery (LIB) anode materials that can meet the power requirements of next-generation power devices. This thesis presents three studies on electrochemical behavior of three-dimensional (3D) nanostructured anode materials formed by pure graphene sheets and graphene sheets coupled with conversion active materials (metal oxides). In the first project, a microgel-templated approach for fabrication of 3D macro/mesoporous reduced graphene oxide (RGO) anode is discussed. The mesoporous 3D structure provides a large specific surface area, while the macropores also shorten the transport length of Li ions. The second project involves the use of a novel magnetic field-induced method for fabrication of wrinkled Fe3O4@RGO anode materials. The applied magnetic field improves the interfacial contact between the anode and current collector and increases the stacking density of the active material. The magnetic field treatment facilitates the kinetics of Li ions and electrons and improves electrode durability and the surface area of the active material. In the third project, poly (methacrylic acid) (PMAA)-induced self-assembly process was used to design super-mesoporous Fe3O4@RGO anode materials and their electrochemical performance as anode materials is also investigated. To establish correlations between electrode properties (morphological and chemical) and LIB performance, a variety of techniques were used to characterize the samples. The significant improvement in LIB performance of the 3D anodes mentioned above is largely attributed to the unique properties of graphene and the resulting 3D architecture.

Lithium-ion Batteries Enabled by Silicon Anodes

Author : Chunmei Ban
Publisher : IET
ISBN 13 : 1785619551
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (856 download)

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Book Synopsis Lithium-ion Batteries Enabled by Silicon Anodes by : Chunmei Ban

Download or read book Lithium-ion Batteries Enabled by Silicon Anodes written by Chunmei Ban and published by IET. This book was released on 2021-08-26 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Model predictive control (MPC) is a method for controlling a process while satisfying a set of constraints. The use of MPC for controlling power systems has been gaining traction in recent years. This work presents the use of MPC for distributed renewable power generation in microgrids.

Materials Design and Fundamental Understanding of Lithium Metal Anode for Next-generation Batteries

Author : Yayuan Liu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Materials Design and Fundamental Understanding of Lithium Metal Anode for Next-generation Batteries by : Yayuan Liu

Download or read book Materials Design and Fundamental Understanding of Lithium Metal Anode for Next-generation Batteries written by Yayuan Liu and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium batteries profoundly impact our society, from portable electronics to the electrification of transportation and even to grid−scale energy storage for intermittent renewable energies. In order to achieve much higher energy density than the state−of−the−art, new battery chemistries are currently being actively investigated. Among all the possible material choices, metallic lithium is the ultimate candidate for battery anode, thanks to its highest theoretical capacity. Therefore, after falling into oblivion for several decades due to safety concerns, metallic Li is now ready for a revival. In the first chapter, I introduce the working mechanisms and limitations of the state−of−the−art battery chemistries and provide an overview of promising new battery chemistries based on metallic lithium anode. The current status of lithium metal anode research is also comprehensively summarized. In the second chapter, I discuss one particular failure mode of metallic lithium anode that has long been overlooked by the battery community, which is the infinite relative volume change of the electrode during cycling. To tackle this problem, novel three−dimensional lithium metal−host material composite designs will be demonstrated. Chapter three focuses on further improving the electrochemical performance of three−dimensional lithium metal anodes with surface coatings. Two examples of lithium metal coatings are given, which have been demonstrated effective for protecting reactive lithium from parasitic reactions with liquid electrolytes and mechanically suppressing nonuniform lithium deposition morphology. Chapter four discusses how the physiochemical properties of the solid−electrolyte interphase, dictated by electrolyte composition, affect the electrochemical behavior of metallic lithium. A special electrolyte additive has been discovered to enable high efficiency lithium cycling in carbonate−based electrolytes used exclusively in almost all commercial lithium-ion batteries. Moreover, the mechanisms behind the improved performance have been studied based on the structure, ion−transport properties, and charge−transfer kinetics of the modified interfacial environment using advanced characterization techniques. In Chapter five, I explore a paradigm shift in designing solid−state lithium metal batteries based on three−dimensional lithium architecture and a flowable interfacial layer. The new design concept can be generally applied to various solid electrolyte systems and the resulting solid-state batteries are capable of high−capacity, high−power operations. In the final part of the dissertation, I present my perspectives and outlooks for the future research in this field. The commercialization of high−energy and safe batteries based on lithium metal chemistry requires continuous efforts in various aspects, including electrode design, electrolyte engineering, development of advanced characterization/diagnosis technologies, full−battery engineering, and possible sensor design for safe battery operation, etc. Ultimately, the combinations of various approaches might be required to make lithium metal anode a viable technology.

Development of Nanostructured Alloy-based Composite Anode Materials for Lithium- and Sodium-ion Batteries

Author : Sang Ok Kim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (966 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Nanostructured Alloy-based Composite Anode Materials for Lithium- and Sodium-ion Batteries by : Sang Ok Kim

Download or read book Development of Nanostructured Alloy-based Composite Anode Materials for Lithium- and Sodium-ion Batteries written by Sang Ok Kim and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium-ion batteries are the dominant energy storage technology in portable electronic applications due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate. Efforts to extend their implementation into rapidly growing electric vehicles and large-scale stationary energy storage devices require further improvements of performance and safety, as well as cost reduction. In this regard, the development of low-cost, advanced electrode materials for next generation lithium-ion batteries or sodium-ion batteries is increasingly being pursued to achieve these requirements. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore and develop several types of composite alloy-based anodes that can possibly lead to the enhancement of lithium- or sodium-storage performance. Alloy anodes have shown great potential for realization of high-performance lithium- or sodium-ion battery systems with enhanced safety as they offer high theoretical specific capacity and higher operating voltages than graphite. In addition, the successful employment of earth-abundant materials such as silicon and phosphorus could also result in a reduction in battery manufacturing cost. However, the major obstacles associated with the large volume change upon electrochemical reactions give rise to severe capacity fading in the first few cycles, making their implementation into commercial cells quite challenging. In order to overcome this issue, the alloy-based composite anodes are synthesized by applying the active/inactive matrix concept. The composites are capable of possessing the following advantages: (i) structural reinforcement and suppression of particle agglomeration upon cycling through a mechanically durable buffer; (ii) enhanced electrochemical reversibility and fast electrode kinetics through nanoscale active materials; (iii) high conductivity and facile electron transport through a conducting phase; (iv) high chemical and electrochemical stability through an electrochemically inert buffer. Moreover, the composites synthesized have reasonably high tap density that is beneficial for improving the volumetric capacity of lithium- or sodium-ion cells. In this dissertation, three different low-cost alloy-based composite anodes are developed by a low-cost, facile, and scalable high-energy mechanical milling: silicon-, zinc-, and phosphorus-based composites. All the composite systems studied in this work demonstrate enhancements in lithium- or sodium-ion storage performance in terms of high capacity, long cycle life, and high rate capability, while maintaining high tap density. By controlling the type and amount of an inactive matrix, the effects of each inactive matrix on the electrochemical performance of the composite anodes are investigated. In addition, the mechanism for the performance improvement is discussed.