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Living Controlled Radical Polymerization In A Continuous Tubular Reactor
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Book Synopsis Living/controlled Radical Polymerization in a Continuous Tubular Reactor by : Thomas Edward Enright
Download or read book Living/controlled Radical Polymerization in a Continuous Tubular Reactor written by Thomas Edward Enright and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant advances have been made in the understanding of living/controlled radical polymerization processes since their discovery in the early 1990's. These processes enable an unprecedented degree of control over polymer architecture that was previously not possible using conventional radical polymerization processes, and this has made possible the synthesis of many new and interesting materials. However, there has been only limited success in commercializing these new methods. Recently there has been increased focus on the development of more industrially viable processes. Dispersed aqueous phase reactions have received much attention because these water-based processes have several technical, economic, and environmental benefits over the more common solution and bulk reactions that were originally developed. Likewise, there has been some investigation of using continuous reactors that have potential technical and economic benefits over the more commonly employed batch reactors. This thesis presents an in-depth study that combines the three aforementioned technologies: living/controlled radical polymerization, dispersed phase aqueous reactions, and continuous reactors. Specifically, the system of interest is a nitroxide-mediated miniemulsion polymerization reaction in a continuous tubular reactor to produce polymer latex. Design of the continuous tubular reactor is discussed in some detail with a focus on specific technical challenges that were faced in building a functional apparatus for this system. Scoping experiments are described which identified a significant effect of temperature ramping rate that is critical to understand when moving to larger scale reactors for this system. The unexpected phenomenon of room temperature polymerization initiated by ascorbic acid is also described. There is demonstration for the first time that bulk and miniemulsion polymers can be produced in a tubular reactor under controlled nitroxide-mediated polymerization conditions, and copolymers can be produced. A detailed residence time distribution study for the tubular reactor is also shown, and several interesting phenomena are discussed that have implications on the practical operating conditions of the tubular reactor. This particular study makes it clear that one should experimentally verify the residence time distribution within a continuous system with the reactants of interest, and that model systems may not give an accurate picture of the real system.
Book Synopsis Free Radical Polymerization in a Continuous Filled Tubular Reactor with Multifunctional Initiators by : Won Jung Yoon
Download or read book Free Radical Polymerization in a Continuous Filled Tubular Reactor with Multifunctional Initiators written by Won Jung Yoon and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Control of Polymerization Reactors by : Joseph Schork
Download or read book Control of Polymerization Reactors written by Joseph Schork and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-20 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference and text provides an in-depth description of developments in control techniques and their application to polymerization reactors and offers important introductory background information on polymerization reaction engineering.;Discussing modelling, identification, linear, nonlinear and multivariable schemes, Control of Polymerization Reactors: presents all available techniques that can be used to control reactors properly for optimal performance; shows how to manipulate pivotal variables that affect reactor control; examines methods for deriving dynamic process models to improve reactor efficiency; reviews reactor control problems and points out end-use properties; supplies methods for measuring process variables, and ways to estimate variables that can't be measured; and explains how single-input, single-output (SISO) strategies can be effectively used for control.;Filled with illustrative examples to clarify concepts, including more than 730 figures, tables and equations, Control of Polymerization Reactors is intended for use as a reference for chemical, process development, process design, research and development, control systems, and polymer engineers; and polymer chemists and physicists; as well as a text for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in polymerization reactor control courses.
Book Synopsis Advances in Controlled/living Radical Polymerization by : Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
Download or read book Advances in Controlled/living Radical Polymerization written by Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization presents new developments in controlled/living radical polymerization in three areas: atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), nitroxide mediated polymerization (NMP), and reversible addition-fragmentation transfer (RAFT). This book also includes synthesis and characterization of many new materials.
Book Synopsis Controlled Polymerization and Polymeric Structures by : Akihiro Abe
Download or read book Controlled Polymerization and Polymeric Structures written by Akihiro Abe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic, and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles, and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Controlled/living Radical Polymerization by : Nicolay V. Tsarevsky
Download or read book Fundamentals of Controlled/living Radical Polymerization written by Nicolay V. Tsarevsky and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2013 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an in-depth history, description, and mechanistic understanding of each of the controlled/living radical polymerization techniques and practical details necessary to carry out the reactions.
Book Synopsis Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization with Low Catalyst Concentration in Continuous Processes by : Nicky C. F. Chan
Download or read book Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization with Low Catalyst Concentration in Continuous Processes written by Nicky C. F. Chan and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is a dynamic technique that possesses tremendous potential for the synthesis of novel polymeric materials not possible through conventional free radical polymerization. However, its use on an industrial scale has been limited by the high level of transition metal complex required. Significant advances have been made in the last 5 years towards lowering the level of copper complexes used in ATRP, resulting in novel variants called "activator regenerated by electron transfer" (ARGET) and "single electron transfer-living radical polymerization" (SET-LRP). To fully realize the potential of ATRP, its use in industrially relevant processes must be studied. Continuous processes such as tubular flow reactors and stirred tank reactors (CSTR) can reduce waste, improve productivity and facilitate process scale-up when compared to common batch reactors. The combination of low copper concentration ATRP techniques and continuous processes are especially attractive towards the design of a commercially viable process. This thesis presents a study into ARGET ATRP and SET-LRP as applied to continuous tubular and stirred tank reactors for the production of acrylic and methacrylic polymers. The equilibrium which governs polymerization rate and control over molecular architecture is studied through batch ARGET ATRP experiments. The improved understanding of ARGET ATRP enabled the reduction of ligand from a 3 to 10 fold excess used previously down to a stoichiometric ratio to copper salts. ARGET ATRP was then adapted to a continuous tubular reactor, as well as to a semi-automated CSTR. The design of the reactors and the effect of reaction conditions such as reducing agent concentration and residence time are discussed. The use of common elemental copper(0) such as copper wire and copper tubing is also investigated with SET-LRP for room temperature polymerization of methyl acrylate. SET-LRP is adapted to a CSTR to observe the effects of residence time on reaction rate, molecular weight control as well as copper consumption rate. The use of copper tubing as a catalyst source for SET-LRP is demonstrated and the design of a continuous tubular reactor using a combination of copper and stainless steel tubing is discussed.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Vinyl Polymers by : Munmaya Mishra
Download or read book Handbook of Vinyl Polymers written by Munmaya Mishra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radical polymerization is one of the most widely used means of producing vinyl polymers, supporting a myriad of commercial uses. Maintaining the quality of the critically acclaimed first edition, the Handbook of Vinyl Polymers: Radical Polymerization, Process, and Technology, Second Edition provides a fully updated, single-volume source on t
Download or read book Nitroxides written by Olivier Ouari and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-05-13 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitroxides are versatile small organic molecules possessing a stabilised free radical. With their unpaired electron spin they display a unique reactivity towards various environmental factors, enabling a diverse range of applications. They have uses as synthetic tools, such as catalysts or building blocks; imaging agents and probes in biomedicine and materials science; for medicinal antioxidant applications; and in energy storage. Polynitroxides (polymers bearing pendant nitroxide sidechains) have been used in organic radical batteries, oxidation catalysts and in exchange reactions for constructing complex architectures. Chapters in this book cover the synthesis of nitroxides, EPR studies and magnetic resonance applications, physiochemical studies, and applications including in batteries, imaging and organic synthesis. With contributions from leaders in the field, Nitroxides will be of interest to graduate students and researchers across chemistry, physics, biology and materials science.
Book Synopsis Mathematical Modeling of Bulk and Solution Free Radical Polymerization in Tubular Reactors by : Carl John Stevens
Download or read book Mathematical Modeling of Bulk and Solution Free Radical Polymerization in Tubular Reactors written by Carl John Stevens and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Controlled/living Radical Polymerization by : Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
Download or read book Controlled/living Radical Polymerization written by Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines recent progress in controlled/living radical polymerization. The volume focuses on three synthetic methods: atom transfer radical polymerization, nitroxide mediated polymerization and degenerative transfer via addition fragmentation. In addition, the volume covers the preparation and characterization of many never before seen materials using ATRP, NMP and RAFT.
Book Synopsis Flow Chemistry – Applications by : Ferenc Darvas
Download or read book Flow Chemistry – Applications written by Ferenc Darvas and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fully up-dated edition of the two-volume work covers both the theoretical foundation as well as the practical aspects. A strong insight in driving a chemical reaction is crucial for a deeper understanding of new potential technologies. New procedures for warranty of safety and green principles are discussed. Vol. 1: Fundamentals.
Book Synopsis Controlled/living Radical Polymerization by : Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
Download or read book Controlled/living Radical Polymerization written by Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and published by Academic. This book was released on 2009 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent progress in the field of controlled/living radical polymerization.
Book Synopsis Continuous Polymerization of Styrene in a Tubular Reactor by : David William Foster
Download or read book Continuous Polymerization of Styrene in a Tubular Reactor written by David William Foster and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Controlled Radical Polymerization by : Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
Download or read book Controlled Radical Polymerization written by Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent work in polymer chemistry has allowed scientists to control the polymerization reaction and produce increasingly well-defined polymers. This volume examines current work in the field and describes the synthesis of new materials. It includes discussions of nitroxide-mediated and metal-mediated radical polymerizations. It also includes an overview of the fundamentals of radical chemistry, making it accessible to a wide range of chemists and materials scientists.
Book Synopsis Continuous Polymerization Reactors by : American Institute of Chemical Engineers
Download or read book Continuous Polymerization Reactors written by American Institute of Chemical Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Radical Polymerization: Kinetics and Mechanism by :
Download or read book Radical Polymerization: Kinetics and Mechanism written by and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2006-08-22 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
