Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Lingua
Download Lingua full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Lingua ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis A Select Collection of Old Plays: The miseries of inforced marriage; Lingua or, The combat of the Tongue and the Five Senses; The merry devil of Edmonton; A mad world, my masters; Ram-alley or, Merry tricks by : Robert Dodsley
Download or read book A Select Collection of Old Plays: The miseries of inforced marriage; Lingua or, The combat of the Tongue and the Five Senses; The merry devil of Edmonton; A mad world, my masters; Ram-alley or, Merry tricks written by Robert Dodsley and published by . This book was released on 1825 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lingua written by George J. Henderson and published by . This book was released on 1888 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Lingua Franca by : Natalie Operstein
Download or read book The Lingua Franca written by Natalie Operstein and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-11-17 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whose name is hidden behind the anonymity of the key publication on Mediterranean Lingua Franca? What linguistic reality does the label 'Lingua Franca' conceal? These and related questions are explored in this new book on an enduringly important topic. The book presents a typologically informed analysis of Mediterranean Lingua Franca, as documented in the Dictionnaire de la langue franque ou petit mauresque, which provides an important historical snapshot of contact-induced language change. Based on a close study of the Dictionnaire in its historical and linguistic context, the book proposes hypotheses concerning its models, authorship and publication history, and examines the place of the Dictionnaire's Lingua Franca in the structural typological space between Romance languages, on the one hand, and pidgins, on the other. It refines our understanding of the typology of contact outcomes while at the same time opening unexpected new avenues for both linguistic and historical research.
Book Synopsis Manual de fonética e fonologia da língua portuguesa by : Willis C. Fails
Download or read book Manual de fonética e fonologia da língua portuguesa written by Willis C. Fails and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Escrito inteiramente em português, o Manual de fonética e fonologia da língua portuguesa é uma obra que abrange todos os aspectos fonéticos e fonológicos desse idioma, inclusive as questões de fonética acústica e auditiva, fonotática e traços suprassegmentais, que a maioria dos livros didáticos não aborda. Neste livro, o estudante encontrará uma introdução detalhada e exata, mas acessível, à fonética e à fonologia da língua portuguesa. Inclui capítulos introdutórios que contextualizam essas disciplinas no campo geral da linguística e salientam o papel dos sons e sua representação na comunicação humana. Principais características: ● Escrito por fonetistas qualificados e versados nas questões atuais da ciência fonética. ● Não é preciso já saber linguística, pois o livro expõe todos os termos e conceitos linguísticos necessários. ● Cada capítulo conta com um resumo, uma lista de conceitos e termos, perguntas de revisão e exercícios de pronúncia relevantes destinados à prática dos conselhos e sugestões específicos do capítulo. ● Os capítulos que abordam a produção física dos sons contêm seções de "Dicas Pedagógicas", "Conselhos Práticos" e "Exercícios de Pronúncia" que ligam a teoria aos aspectos práticos da boa pronúncia. ● Uma característica exclusiva deste livro é a exposição da fonética e fonologia das três principais normas cultas da língua portuguesa: a de São Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro para o português brasileiro (PB), e a de Lisboa para o português europeu (PE). ● Numerosas imagens, gráficos e tabelas para ilustrar claramente cada conceito. ● Recursos eletrônicos, disponíveis online nos materiais de eResource, com a pronúncia dos sons, frases e exercícios do livro. O Manual de fonética e fonologia da língua portuguesa é uma introdução abrangente a esses campos, escrita de modo a ser clara e acessível aos estudantes de português em nível avançado, para ajudá-los a entender como melhorar a própria pronúncia. O livro é excelente também tanto para alunos de pós-graduação, como para professores, linguistas e profissionais de letras. Written entirely in Portuguese, Manual de fonética e fonologia da língua portuguesa presents an accurate yet accessible introduction to Portuguese phonetics and phonology. The book covers all phonetic and phonological aspects of the language, including those often missing from other textbooks, such as acoustic and auditory phonetics, phonotactics, and suprasegmentals. The book maintains a careful balance between the theoretical and practical aspects of the topic and is designed to help learners improve their pronunciation through an understanding of the linguistic principles of phonetics and phonology combined with the application of these principles through exercises and practice. Additional pronunciation resources are available online at www.routledge.com/9780367179915. Written in a clear and accessible manner, the book is ideal for advanced students of Portuguese with no prior knowledge of linguistics.
Download or read book Lingua written by Thomas Tomkis and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Negotiating Lingua Francas by : Dr. Shahinaz Bukhari
Download or read book Negotiating Lingua Francas written by Dr. Shahinaz Bukhari and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2020-08-05 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work was originally written as a PhD thesis at University of Southampton. It is inspired by The Butterfly Effect Theories to investigate lingua franca phenomena as complex adaptive systems within other complex adaptive systems. It focuses on English as a lingua franca and highlights Arabic as a lingua franca as well. This study’s large-scale surveys and interviews are aimed to explore users’ (in)tolerance towards misalignment with standard and native language usages and how their positions relate to their reported language practices, beliefs, attitudes, motives, identity management, ideologies, religions, context, and time. As a butterfly fapping its wings may cause a hurricane, this work shows how any small change in any small part, especially in contextual and temporal dimensions, has the power to set off a string of escalating changes in lingua franca and transcultural interactions.
Book Synopsis International Perspectives on English as a Lingua Franca by : Hugo Bowles
Download or read book International Perspectives on English as a Lingua Franca written by Hugo Bowles and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection brings new insight into the relationship between English as a lingua franca and language teaching. It explores how the pedagogy of intelligibility, culture and language awareness, as well as materials analysis and classroom management, can be viewed from an ELF perspective in school and university contexts.
Book Synopsis English as a Lingua Franca for EFL Contexts by : Nicos C. Sifakis
Download or read book English as a Lingua Franca for EFL Contexts written by Nicos C. Sifakis and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the interfaces of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) pedagogy. It presents the theoretical aspects of ELF, discusses issues and challenges that ELF raises for the EFL classroom, and demonstrates how EFL practitioners can make use of ELF theorizing for classroom instruction, teacher education, developing language learning materials, policymaking and testing and assessment. Accounts of innovative and practical pedagogical practices and researchers’ insights from diverse geographical, cultural and institutional contexts will inform and inspire EFL practitioners to reconsider their practices and adopt new techniques in order to meet their learners’ diverse communicative needs in international contexts.
Book Synopsis English as a Lingua Franca in Teacher Education by : Telma Gimenez
Download or read book English as a Lingua Franca in Teacher Education written by Telma Gimenez and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-11-07 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lingua franca perspective into English language teaching in Brazil has only recently take flight. As an emerging economy, the country faces enormous challenges when it comes to language education in schools, where English has traditionally been taught as a foreign language. This collection brings the perspectives of academics and language practitioners in their efforts to incorporate an ELF approach into teacher education, thus offering a voice sorely missed in the international community interested in developing new approaches to English in a global world.
Book Synopsis Pragmatics in English as a Lingua Franca by : Ian Walkinshaw
Download or read book Pragmatics in English as a Lingua Franca written by Ian Walkinshaw and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-01-19 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses two current gaps in pragmatics research in English as a lingua franca (ELF): Firstly, the contexts, approaches and theories of pragmatics generally that remain under-explored in studies of ELF speakers; secondly, the paucity of ELF pragmatics studies investigating Asia, despite its economic and geo-political importance and the role of English as a region-wide lingua franca. The volume draws together a range of pragmatics-related chapters contributed by leading experts in pragmatics, both in English as a lingua franca and more broadly. These either present new research that extends the current state of the field, or introduce approaches and theories from other areas of pragmatics that translate readily to analysis of ELF interaction. Five of the chapters are Asia-focused, examining pragmatic aspects of communication among Asian ELF users. The volume therefore offers scope for ELF pragmatics researchers to further broaden the field’s theoretical and analytical horizons, and adds to the quantity of knowledge about pragmatics in ELF communication in Asia. Its publication raises the visibility of this research area within the broader field of pragmatics.
Book Synopsis The Last Lingua Franca by : Nicholas Ostler
Download or read book The Last Lingua Franca written by Nicholas Ostler and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English is the world's lingua franca-the most widely spoken language in human history. And yet, as historian and linguist Nicholas Ostler persuasively argues, English will not only be displaced as the world's language in the not-distant future, it will be the last lingua franca, not replaced by another. Empire, commerce, and religion have been the primary raisons d'etre for lingua francas--Greek, Latin, Arabic have all held the position--and Ostler explores each through the lens of civilizations spanning the globe and history, from China and India to Russia and Europe. Three trends emerge that suggest the ultimate decline of English and other lingua francas. Movements throughout the world towards equality in society will downgrade the status of elites--and since elites are the prime users of non-native English, the language will gradually retreat to its native-speaking territories. The rising wealth of Brazil, Russia, India, and China will challenge the dominance of native-English-speaking nations--thereby shrinking the international preference for English. Simultaneously, new technologies will allow instant translation among major languages, enhacing the status of mother tongues and lessening the necessity for any future lingua franca. Ostler predicts a soft landing for English: It will still be widely spoken, if no longer worldwide, sustained by America's continued power on the world stage. But its decline will be both symbolic and significant, evidence of grand shifts in the cultural effects of empire. The Last Lingua Franca is both an insightful examination of the trajectory of our own mother tongue and a fascinating lens through which to view the sweep of history.
Book Synopsis The Acquisition of Sociolinguistic Competence in a Lingua Franca Context by : Mercedes Durham
Download or read book The Acquisition of Sociolinguistic Competence in a Lingua Franca Context written by Mercedes Durham and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2014-02-26 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world where an increasing amount of communication takes place in English among non-native speakers, this study presents data from email exchanges to provide the first examination of sociolinguistic competence and the acquisition of native-like variability in an English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) context. The analysis of a range of linguistic variables (future tense, relative pronoun choice, complementizer use and adverbial placement) in the online interactions of Swiss speakers (with German, French and Italian mother tongues) allows the reader to gain a greater understanding of which linguistic features are source language-related and which are learning-related. This book will be a valuable resource for postgraduates and researchers interested in language variation and change, ELF and second language acquisition, as well as for undergraduates wanting guidance on different ways of examining sociolinguistic variables.
Book Synopsis The Ambiguity of English as a Lingua Franca by : Stephanie Rudwick
Download or read book The Ambiguity of English as a Lingua Franca written by Stephanie Rudwick and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-08-29 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grounded in ethnography, this monograph explores the ambiguity of English as a lingua franca by focusing on identity politics of language and race in contemporary South Africa. The book adopts a multidisciplinary approach which highlights how ways of speaking English constructs identities in a multilingual context. Focusing primarily on isiZulu and Afrikaans speakers, it raises critical questions around power and ideology. The study draws from literature on English as a lingua franca, raciolinguistics, and the cultural politics of English and dialogues between these fields. It challenges long-held concepts underpinning existing research from the global North by highlighting how they do not transfer and apply to identity politics of language in South Africa. It sketches out how these struggles for belonging are reflected in marginalisation and empowerment and a vast range of local, global and glocal identity trajectories. Ultimately, it offers a first lens through which global scholarship on English as a lingua franca can be decolonised in terms of disciplinary limitations, geopolitical orientations and a focus on the politics of race that characterize the use of English as a lingua franca all over the world. This book will be of interest to students and researchers in linguistic anthropology, sociolinguistics, World Englishes, ELF and African studies.
Book Synopsis English as a Lingua Franca by : Stefania Taviano
Download or read book English as a Lingua Franca written by Stefania Taviano and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-08 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) has grown considerably in the last decades, and a wide number of issues related to this field have been addressed through a variety of lenses. These range from the changes occurring in spoken English, to the much-debated notion of the native-speaker; from the threat that English represents for minority languages, to the metadiscourse(s) contributing to the myth of English as a language equally accessible to speakers of all nationalities. Adopting different perspectives and positions, the articles in this special issue of The Interpreter and Translator Trainer all demonstrate that ELF poses many challenges to the teaching of translation and that, while there are no simple and ready-made solutions, such challenges need to be taken on board to fill the current gap between translation pedagogy and translation practice. The volume is intended as a starting point to encourage educators to rethink their approach to translation pedagogy by envisaging tools and practices that can contribute to preparing students to become professional translators of ELF and reflective practitioners who are aware of the centrality of translation in the digital age.
Book Synopsis Esperanto – Lingua Franca and Language Community by : Sabine Fiedler
Download or read book Esperanto – Lingua Franca and Language Community written by Sabine Fiedler and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2022-09-09 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses a fascinating topic – a constructed language that has turned from a project into a fully-fledged language used by some of its speakers on a daily basis. Based on extensive fieldwork, this book provides rare and profound insights into the use of Esperanto in a large number of communicative areas. It studies the speakers’ use of code-switching, phraseology and metaphors, techniques they employ to enhance understanding, such as metacommunication and repair strategies, as well as their predilection for humour. The study also contributes to a comparison between the communication in Esperanto and in the language that is now predominantly used as a lingua franca – English – and allows conclusions to be drawn on the question of what a lingua franca is all about.
Book Synopsis English as a Lingua Franca in the International University by : Jennifer Jenkins
Download or read book English as a Lingua Franca in the International University written by Jennifer Jenkins and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-08-15 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Jennifer Jenkins, one of the leading proponents of English as a Lingua Franca, explores current academic English language policy in higher education around the world. Universities around the world are increasingly presenting themselves as "international" but their English language policies do not necessarily reflect this, even as the diversity of their student bodies grows. While there have been a number of attempts to explore the implications of this diversity from a cultural perspective, little has been said from the linguistic point of view, and in particular, about the implications for what kind(s) of English are appropriate for English lingua franca communication in international higher education. Throughout the book Jenkins considers the policies of English language universities in terms of the language attitudes and ideologies of university management and staff globally, and of international students in a UK setting. The book concludes by considering the implications for current policies and practices, and what is needed in order for universities to bring themselves in line linguistically with the international status they claim. English as a Lingua Franca in the International University is an essential read for researchers and postgraduate students working in the areas of Global Englishes, English as a Lingua Franca and English for Academic Purposes.
Book Synopsis English as a Lingua Franca by : Ian Mackenzie
Download or read book English as a Lingua Franca written by Ian Mackenzie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English as a Lingua Franca: Theorizing and Teaching English examines the English used among non-native speakers around the world today and its relation to English as a native language, as well as the implications for English language teaching. Challenging and incisive, this book analyses positive and negative accounts of English as a lingua franca, and its linguistic features, within the context of: native and World Englishes multilingualism and intercultural communication sociolinguistic issues including accent and identity classroom teaching and learning English as a Lingua Franca is a useful guide for teachers and trainee teachers, and will be essential reading for advanced students and linguists concerned with multilingualism, language contact, language learning, language change, and the place of English in the world today.
