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Liberias Civil War
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Book Synopsis Liberia's First Civil War by : Edmund Hogan
Download or read book Liberia's First Civil War written by Edmund Hogan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-13 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive narrative history of Liberia’s first civil war, from its origins in the 1980s right through the conflict and up to the peace agreement and conclusion of hostilities in 1997. The first Liberian Civil War was one of Africa’s most devastating conflicts, claiming the lives of more than 200,000 Liberians, and sending shockwaves across the world. Drawing on a wide range of local and international sources, the book traces the background of the war and its long-term and immediate causes, before analysing the detail of the unfolding conflict, the eventual ceasefire, peace agreement and subsequent elections. In particular, the book shines a light on hitherto unseen first-hand Roman Catholic indigenous and missionary sources, which offer a rare intimacy to the analysis. Detailing the impact of Liberia’s individual warlords and peacemakers, the book also explains the roles played by non-governmental agencies, national, regional and international actors, by the UN, ECOWAS and the Organisation of African Unity, and by nations with special interests and influence, such as the USA and other West African states. This book’s detailed narrative analysis of the Liberian conflict will be an important read for anyone with an interest in the Liberian conflict, including researchers within African studies, political science, contemporary history, international relations, and peace and conflict studies.
Book Synopsis The Liberian Civil War by : Mark Huband
Download or read book The Liberian Civil War written by Mark Huband and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The civil war in 1989 promised freedom from ten years of vicious dictatorship; instead the seeds of Liberia's devastation were sown. Mark Huband's account of the conflict is a portrayal of the war as it unfolded, drawing on the author's experience of living amongst the fighters.
Download or read book Liberia written by Gabriel I. H. Williams and published by Trafford Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On December 24, 1989, a group of Libyan-trained armed dissidents, which styled itself the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL), attacked Liberian territory from neighboring Ivory Coast. The band of outlaws was led by Charles Taylor, an ex-Liberia government official who escaped from prison in the United States while facing extradition to Liberia for allegedly embezzling nearly one million dollars of public funds. After he fled the U.S. Taylor returned to West Africa, from where he connected with Libya. Sustained by Libyan support, Taylor went to Liberia to spearhead his murderous brand of civil war. Liberia's dictatorial leader Samuel Doe responded to the NPFL invasion by deploying troops in the conflict area, whose senior ranks were dominated by the military strongman's own ethnic group. The government forces carried out collective punishment against local villagers, killing, looting, and raping, while singling out people from certain ethnic groups whom they regarded as supporters of the invasion by reason of their ethnic identity. The NPFL also targeted members of Doe's ethnic group and other ethnic groups that were seen to be supportive of the government, as well as its officials and sympathizers. As the war spread from the interior toward the Liberian capital of Monrovia amid widespread death and destruction, the United States responded to the deteriorating situation by dispatching four warships with 2,300 marines to evacuate Americans and other foreigners who were in the country. The U.S. decided not to intervene to contain the unfolding catastrophe. Officials of the George Bush administration maintained that Liberia, which was then America's closest traditional ally in Africa, was no longer of strategic importance to the U.S. Coincidentally, the Liberian civil war started at the time the Cold War was ending. Located on the West Coast of Africa, Liberia was founded in 1822 by freed black American slaves who were returned to the continent. Their passage was paid by the American Colonization Society, a philanthropic organization, whose members included Thomas Jefferson and James Monroe. The Liberian capital Monrovia is named after Monroe, who was president of the United States at the time Liberia was founded. The country's national flag of red, white and blue stripes with a star, bears close resemblance to the American flag. The systems of government and education, architecture and other aspects of Liberian life reflect American taste. Names of places in the country include Virginia, Maryland, Georgia, Louisiana and Buchanan. More than anywhere in Africa, spoken English in Liberia echoes the rhythms of Black American speech. Liberia served as the regional headquarters of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and hosted a Voice of America relay station that beamed American propaganda, as well as other major U.S. security installations during the Cold War. The Americans also operated the Omega Navigation Tower, which was intended to track the movement of ships and planes in the region and beyond. Once one of Africa's most stable and prosperous countries, Liberia was regarded as a haven for international trade and commerce because of the use of the American dollar as a legal tender. Major U.S. investments in the country included the Firestone Rubber Plantation, the world's largest plantation, which produce rubber for Firestone tires, Chase Manhattan Bank, and Citibank. Pan American Airlines (PAN AM) once operated Liberia's Roberts International Airport, where U.S. fighter jets have landing rights. During part of the 1970s, Liberia's per capita income was equivalent to that of Japan. Independent since 1847 as Africa's first republic, Liberia's plunge into anarchy began after a bloody military coup that ended the rule of descendants of the freed slaves, who monopolized political and economic power for over a century. During the 1980 coup, President William Tolbert, who tried to institute some meaningful po
Book Synopsis Violent Order by : Nicholai Hart Lidow
Download or read book Violent Order written by Nicholai Hart Lidow and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-11-17 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rebel groups exhibit significant variation in their treatment of civilians, with profound humanitarian consequences. This book proposes a new theory of rebel behavior and cohesion based on the internal dynamics of rebel groups. Rebel groups are more likely to protect civilians and remain unified when rebel leaders can offer cash payments and credible future rewards to their top commanders. The leader's ability to offer incentives that allow local security to prevail depends on partnerships with external actors, such as diaspora communities and foreign governments. This book formalizes this theory and tests the implications through an in-depth look at the rebel groups involved in Liberia's civil war. The book also analyzes a micro-level dataset of crop area during Liberia's war, derived through remote sensing, and an original cross-national dataset of rebel groups.
Book Synopsis The First Liberian Civil War by : George Klay Kieh
Download or read book The First Liberian Civil War written by George Klay Kieh and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2008 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book challenges the dominant view that the first Liberian civil war was caused by ethno-cultural antagonisms between and among the country's various ethnic groups. Alternatively, the book argues that the war was the consequence of the multifaceted crises of underdevelopment - cultural, economic, political, and social - generated by the neo-colonial Liberian State.
Book Synopsis Liberia's Civil War by : Adekeye Adebajo
Download or read book Liberia's Civil War written by Adekeye Adebajo and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 2002 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text aims to unravel the tangled web of the conflict by addressing questions including: why did Nigeria intervene in Liberia and remain committed throughout the seven-year civil war?; and to what extent was ECOMOG's intervention shaped by Nigeria's hegemonic aspirations.
Download or read book Sweet Battlefields written by Mats Utas and published by Mats Utas. This book was released on 2003 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liberia's Women Veterans by : Leena Vastapuu
Download or read book Liberia's Women Veterans written by Leena Vastapuu and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Liberian civil wars of the 1990s and 2000s became notorious for their atrocities, and for the widespread use of child soldiers. Girls and young women accounted for up to 40 per cent of these soldiers, but their unique perspective and experiences have largely been excluded from accounts of the conflict. In Liberia's Women Veterans, Leena Vastapuu uses an innovative auto-photographic methodology to tell the story of two of Africa's most brutal civil wars through the eyes of 133 female former soldiers. Incorporating their testimonies alongside a series of vivid illustrations by Emmi Nieminen, the book provides an in-depth account of these women's experiences of trauma, stigma, and the challenges of reintegration into post-war society, as well as their hopes and aspirations for the future. Vastapuu argues that these women, too often been perceived merely as passive victims of the conflict, can in fact play an important role in post-war reconciliation and peace-building. Overturning gendered perceptions of warfare and militarism, the book provides a unique take on humanitarian practices and post-conflict societies, making essential reading for policymakers as well as students and scholars across the humanities and social sciences.
Download or read book The Walk written by Chantale Wesley-Lamin and published by Wesley Lamin Books. This book was released on 2016-08-10 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *INCLUDES BONUS DISCUSSION GUIDE! **PORTION OF PROCEEDS BENEFIT CHARITY. What is it like to be on the other side of the gun, running for your life and losing everything? What if you are only eleven years old? The Walk is a real life account of an adolescent boy, Brima Lamin, whose desperation for survival took him across several foreign countries ultimately seeking refuge in the United States. In this gripping memoir, the author tells how the entire course of his life was changed on one horrendous day, July 2, 1990 when rebel soldiers armed with AK-47s stormed his neighborhood. Over the course of four years to follow, he witnessed brutal atrocities barely escaping death during what many call one of the most horrific wars of all time, the Liberian Civil War. In the midst of losing it all, he came of age, found God and was able to come to a country that he had always dreamed about. The Walk challenges the reader to wonder how they will "walk" in the midst of the storm.
Book Synopsis Liberian Civil War by : James Youboty
Download or read book Liberian Civil War written by James Youboty and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A graphic account of the very bloody civil war in Liberia. The country was founded in 1822 on the West Coast of Africa by freed American slaves. The ex-slaves dominated & suppressed the native Africans in the region until 1980 when their dynasty was ousted through a bloody coup led by M/sgt. Samuel Kanyon Doe. Doe ruled the country for 10 years to the discontentment of the descendants of the ex-slaves, referred to as Americo-Liberians. They considered him a dictator. One of the Americo-Liberians, Charles Taylor, a member of Doe's government, fell out of favor with President Doe when he visited the USA to purchase merchandise for the government. Instead of returning to Liberia, Taylor pocketed the money. The Liberian government consequently requested his extradition. Taylor was arrested & jailed in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Strangely, he escaped from jail & departed the USA without a "smidgen of detection" in 1985. On December 24, 1989 he invaded Liberia from neighboring Ivory Coast. Under the name of National Patriotic Front of Liberia, Taylor & armed followers roamed the country spreading extreme atrocities instead of going to Monrovia, the Liberian capital, to overthrow the government. Five American nuns were among the 50,000 casualties. Since then, President Doe was captured & tortured to death. Liberia is relegated to a state of anarchy.
Book Synopsis The Mask of Anarchy by : Stephen Ellis
Download or read book The Mask of Anarchy written by Stephen Ellis and published by C. HURST & CO. PUBLISHERS. This book was released on 1999 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mask of Anarchy traces the history of the civil war that has blighted Liberia in recent years and looks at its roots in the way governments have been established in West Africa during the 20th century.
Book Synopsis Liberia Will Rise Again by : Arthur Kulah
Download or read book Liberia Will Rise Again written by Arthur Kulah and published by Abingdon Press. This book was released on 1999-04-01 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For seven years, Liberia was involved in a civil war that cost the lives of more than 200,000 people. That war ended on January 31, 1997. Liberia Will Rise Again outlines the causes of the war, interprets the present situation, and offers suggestions for the future. KEY BENEFITS: * Provides a better understanding of the civil war in Liberia * Shows how the Liberians may have contributed to the problem * Helps readers learn about the treatment of refugees * Discusses issues related to the civil war and suggests lessons to be learned from the bitter experience
Book Synopsis Another America: The Story of Liberia and the Former Slaves Who Ruled It by : James Ciment
Download or read book Another America: The Story of Liberia and the Former Slaves Who Ruled It written by James Ciment and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2013-08-13 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the history of Liberia, founded and settled by a small group of African Americans who left early 19th century America to free themselves from prejudice, but ended up persecuting the area's natives in a way that mirrored their own histories.
Download or read book Little Liberia written by Jonny Steinberg and published by Random House. This book was released on 2012 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In his latest book, Little Liberia: An African Odyssey in New York, Steinberg takes us to Park Hill Avenue on Staten Island, where a community of Liberians have made their home. Through interviews and shadowing of two community leaders, Steinberg strives to understand the peculiarities of this community; while it appears at times as if a piece of Liberia has been sliced off and dropped in New York, the Park Hill community is ravaged by conflict between different interest groups. To understand what is going on in 2008 New York, Steinberg travels back - back to Liberia and back to the country's tragic recent history of civil war, military coups and mass exterminations. The story of Liberia is a gruesome and miserable one but Steinberg's empathy for his subjects never allows the narrative to descend into voyeurism. The combination of hard nosed investigative journalism, a gift for storytelling and an obvious empathy for the characters that he shadows makes Steinberg an author who demands to be read, whatever the subject matter. A brilliant and important book which will delight Steinberg's thousands of followers and doubtless earn him many more"--Book Lounge.
Book Synopsis The Mask of Anarchy by : Stephen Ellis
Download or read book The Mask of Anarchy written by Stephen Ellis and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2001-03 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential explanation to the 1990 civil upheaval in Liberia that rippled through West Africa For the last decade Liberia has been one of Africa's most violent trouble spots. In 1990, when thousands of teenage fighters, including young men wearing women's clothing and bizarre objects of decoration, laid siege to the capital, the world took notice. Since then Liberia has been through devastating civil upheaval and the most feared warlord, Charles Taylor, is now president. What began as a civil conflict, has spread to other West African nations. Western correspondents saw in the Liberian war a primeval, savage Africa-a "heart of darkness." They focused on sensational "primitive" aspects of the conflict, such as the prevalence of traditional healers and soothsayers, and shocked the international community with tales of cannibalism, especially the eating of the body parts of defeated opponents, which was widespread.Eschewing popular stereotypes and simple explanations, Stephen Ellis traces the history of the civil war that has blighted Liberia in recent years and looks at its political, ethnic and cultural roots. He focuses on the role religion and ritual have played in shaping and intensifying this brutal war.
Book Synopsis The Great Escape by : Dorothy Johnson
Download or read book The Great Escape written by Dorothy Johnson and published by iUniverse. This book was released on with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dorothy D. Johnson's "The Great Escape: Background and Memoirs of the Liberian Civil War" is an intriguing account of the years of deteriorating living conditions and political stalemate that gave rise to the Liberian Civil War. It reveals a woman and her family's plight and struggle for survival amidst shooting, bombing and the mental and physical torture carried out by gun toting and drug-addicted rebels. The memoirs unfold the daily encounters and struggles in the bushes, village and church. It also shows the author's deep faith in the Lord coupled with her perseverance and resilience in the face of discouragement, as she and her family trudged along slowly to safety and eventually into freedom.
Download or read book A Walk for Survival written by A. A. Mamy and published by . This book was released on 2018-09-24 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After fleeing my home life in Nimba County-where just being born a girl had been a curse-to seek refuge in Monrovia with one of my older sisters, I was once again confronted with yet another dilemma. A civil war had erupted in Liberia, and I found myself being a member of one of the opposing tribes, and must endeavor to keep my tribal identity hidden. On Christmas Eve of 1989, the West African Nation of Liberia was attacked by a gang of rebel forces led by Charles Taylor through Nimba County. To counter the insurgency, the president sent a special tactical force to Nimba County to restrain the brewing fight. However, the group went on the offensive, attacking and killing civilians indiscriminately. By the time it was over, in just a short time frame, almost thousands of people had been executed, but that was just the beginning of the birth pain-tribes had been pitted against other tribes. The Mano and Gio tribe members of Nimba County were being hunted and killed in Monrovia, just as the president's Krahn ethnic group was being sought after in other parts of the country by rebels. And just like that, being Mano and living in Monrovia, my sister, her family, and I became part of the enemy of the state. To survive, we concealed our tribal identity, endured a series of narrow escapes, and walked several thousand miles to escape Liberia. This is my story and my account of what I saw happened as a child.
