Legalizing Identities

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Legalizing Identities

Author : Jan Hoffman French
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807889881
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Legalizing Identities by : Jan Hoffman French

Download or read book Legalizing Identities written by Jan Hoffman French and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2009-06-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropologists widely agree that identities--even ethnic and racial ones--are socially constructed. Less understood are the processes by which social identities are conceived and developed. Legalizing Identities shows how law can successfully serve as the impetus for the transformation of cultural practices and collective identity. Through ethnographic, historical, and legal analysis of successful claims to land by two neighboring black communities in the backlands of northeastern Brazil, Jan Hoffman French demonstrates how these two communities have come to distinguish themselves from each other while revising and retelling their histories and present-day stories. French argues that the invocation of laws by these related communities led to the emergence of two different identities: one indigenous (Xoco Indian) and the other quilombo (descendants of a fugitive African slave community). With the help of the Catholic Church, government officials, lawyers, anthropologists, and activists, each community won government recognition and land rights, and displaced elite landowners. This was accomplished even though anthropologists called upon to assess the validity of their claims recognized that their identities were "constructed." The positive outcome of their claims demonstrates that authenticity is not a prerequisite for identity. French draws from this insight a more sweeping conclusion that, far from being evidence of inauthenticity, processes of construction form the basis of all identities and may have important consequences for social justice.

Legalizing Identities

Author : Jan Hoffman French
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807832928
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Legalizing Identities by : Jan Hoffman French

Download or read book Legalizing Identities written by Jan Hoffman French and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropologists widely agree that identities_even ethnic and racial ones_are socially constructed. Less understood are the processes by which social identities are conceived and developed. Legalizing Identities shows how law can successfully serve

Plurinational Afrobolivianity

Author : Moritz Heck
Publisher : transcript Verlag
ISBN 13 : 383945056X
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Plurinational Afrobolivianity by : Moritz Heck

Download or read book Plurinational Afrobolivianity written by Moritz Heck and published by transcript Verlag. This book was released on 2020-02-29 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Bolivia's plurinational conjuncture, novel political articulations, legal reform, and processes of collective identification converge in unprecedented efforts to 're-found' the country and transform its society. This ethnography explores the experiences of Afrodescendants in plurinational Bolivia and offers a fresh perspective on the social and political transformations shaping the country as a whole. Moritz Heck analyzes Afrobolivian social and cultural practices at the intersections of local communities, politics, and the law, shedding light on novel articulations of Afrobolivianity and evolving processes of collective identification. This study also contributes to broader anthropological debates on blackness and indigeneity in Latin America by pointing out their conceptual entanglements and continuous interactions in political and social practice.

The People of the River

Author : Oscar de la Torre
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469643251
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis The People of the River by : Oscar de la Torre

Download or read book The People of the River written by Oscar de la Torre and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2018-08-17 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this history of the black peasants of Amazonia, Oscar de la Torre focuses on the experience of African-descended people navigating the transition from slavery to freedom. He draws on social and environmental history to connect them intimately to the natural landscape and to Indigenous peoples. Relying on this world as a repository for traditions, discourses, and strategies that they retrieved especially in moments of conflict, Afro-Brazilians fought for autonomous communities and developed a vibrant ethnic identity that supported their struggles over labor, land, and citizenship. Prior to abolition, enslaved and escaped blacks found in the tropical forest a source for tools, weapons, and trade--but it was also a cultural storehouse within which they shaped their stories and records of confrontations with slaveowners and state authorities. After abolition, the black peasants' knowledge of local environments continued to be key to their aspirations, allowing them to maintain relationships with powerful patrons and to participate in the protest cycle that led Getulio Vargas to the presidency of Brazil in 1930. In commonly referring to themselves by such names as "sons of the river," black Amazonians melded their agro-ecological traditions with their emergent identity as political stakeholders.

Frontiers of Citizenship

Author : Yuko Miki
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108278833
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Frontiers of Citizenship by : Yuko Miki

Download or read book Frontiers of Citizenship written by Yuko Miki and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-08 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frontiers of Citizenship is an engagingly-written, innovative history of Brazil's black and indigenous people that redefines our understanding of slavery, citizenship, and the origins of Brazil's 'racial democracy'. Through groundbreaking archival research that brings the stories of slaves, Indians, and settlers to life, Yuko Miki challenges the widespread idea that Brazilian Indians 'disappeared' during the colonial era, paving the way for the birth of Latin America's largest black nation. Focusing on the postcolonial settlement of the Atlantic frontier and Rio de Janeiro, Miki argues that the exclusion and inequality of indigenous and African-descended people became embedded in the very construction of Brazil's remarkably inclusive nationhood. She demonstrates that to understand the full scope of central themes in Latin American history - race and national identity, unequal citizenship, popular politics, and slavery and abolition - one must engage the histories of both the African diaspora and the indigenous Americas.

Between Brown and Black

Author : Antonio José Bacelar da Silva
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 1978808526
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (788 download)

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Book Synopsis Between Brown and Black by : Antonio José Bacelar da Silva

Download or read book Between Brown and Black written by Antonio José Bacelar da Silva and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2022-06-17 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With new momentum, the Brazilian black movement is working to bring attention to and change the situation of structural racism in Brazil. Black consciousness advocates are challenging Afro-Brazilians to define themselves and politically organize around being black, and more Afro-Brazilians are increasingly doing so. Other segments of the Brazilian black movement are working to influence legislation and implement formal mechanisms that aim to promote racial equality, including Affirmative Action Racial Verification Committees. For advocates of these committees, one needs to be phenotypically black enough to be a more likely target of racism to qualify for Affirmative Action programs. Paradoxically, individuals are told to identify as black but only some people are considered black enough to benefit from these policies. Afro-Brazilians are presented with a whole range of identity choices, from how to classify oneself, to whether one votes for political candidates based on shared racial experiences. Between Brown and Black argues that Afro-Brazilian activists’ continued exploration of blackness confronts anti-blackness while complicating understandings of what it means to be black. Blending linguistic and ethnographic accounts, this book raises complex questions about current black struggles in Brazil and beyond, including the black movements’ political initiatives and antiracist agenda.

Identity, Development, and the Politics of the Past

Author : Daniel Bauer
Publisher : University Press of Colorado
ISBN 13 : 1607327600
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Identity, Development, and the Politics of the Past by : Daniel Bauer

Download or read book Identity, Development, and the Politics of the Past written by Daniel Bauer and published by University Press of Colorado. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining personal narrative and ethnography, Identity, Development, and the Politics of the Past examines cultural change in a rural Ecuadorian fishing village where the community has worked to stake claim to an Indigenous identity in the face of economic, social, and political integration. By documenting how villagers have reconstructed their identity through the use of archaeology and political demarcation of territory, author Daniel Bauer shows that ethnicity is part of a complex social matrix that involves politics, economics, and history. Residents in the coastal community of Salango pushed for formal recognition of Indigenous identity while highlighting their pre-Hispanic roots in order to make claims about cultural continuity and ancestrality. Bauer considers the extent to which the politics of identity is embedded in the process of community-based development, paying close attention to how local conceptions of identity and residents’ ideas about their own identity and the identities of others fit within the broader context of Ecuadorian and Latin American notions of mestizaje. He emphasizes ethnogenesis and the fluid nature of identity as residents reference prehistory and the archaeological record as anchor points for claims to an Indigenous ethnic identity. Identity, Development, and the Politics of the Past moves beyond existing studies that center on questions of authenticity and instead focuses on the ways people make claims to identity. This book makes a significant contribution to the growing body of literature on the Ecuadorian coast and directs scholars who focus on Ecuador to expand their focus beyond the highland and Amazonian regions. It will be of interest to students and scholars of Latin American studies, anthropology, ethnology, economic development, and ethnic identity.

Legalizing Sex

Author : Chaitanya Lakkimsetti
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 1479852236
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (798 download)

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Book Synopsis Legalizing Sex by : Chaitanya Lakkimsetti

Download or read book Legalizing Sex written by Chaitanya Lakkimsetti and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2020-01-14 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the rise of HIV in India resulted in government protections for gay groups, transgender people, and sex workers This original ethnographic research explores the relationship between the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the rights-based struggles of sexual minorities in contemporary India. Sex workers, gay men, and transgender people became visible in the Indian public sphere in the mid-1980s when the rise of HIV/AIDS became a frightening issue. The Indian state started to fold these groups into national HIV/AIDS policies as “high-risk” groups in an attempt to create an effective response to the epidemic. Lakkimsetti argues that over time the crisis of HIV/AIDS effectively transformed the relationship between sexual minorities and the state from one that was focused on juridical exclusion to one of inclusion. The new relationship then enabled affected groups to demand rights and citizenship from the Indian state that had been previously unimaginable. By illuminating such tactics as mobilizing against a colonial era anti-sodomy law, petitioning the courts for the recognition of gender identity, and stalling attempts to criminalize sexual labor, this book uniquely brings together the struggles of sex workers, transgender people, and gay groups previously studied separately. A closely observed look at the machinations behind recent victories for sexual minorities, this book is essential reading across several fields.

A Companion to Latin American Legal History

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 900443609X
Total Pages : 627 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis A Companion to Latin American Legal History by :

Download or read book A Companion to Latin American Legal History written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-12-04 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume offers fresh insights on Latin American and Caribbean law before European contact, during the colonial and early republican eras and up to the present. It considers the history of legal education, the legal profession, Indigenous legal history, and the legal history concerning Africans and African Americans, other enslaved peoples, women, immigrants, peasants, and workers. This book also examines the various legal frameworks concerning land and other property, commerce and business, labor, crime, marriage, family and domestic conflicts, the church, the welfare state, constitutional law and rights, and legal pluralism. It serves as a current introduction for those new to the field and provides in-depth interpretations, discussions, and bibliographies for those already familiar with the region’s legal history. Contributors are: Diego Acosta, Alejandro Agüero, Sarah C. Chambers, Robert J. Cottrol, Oscar Cruz Barney, Mariana Dias Paes, Tamar Herzog, Marta Lorente Sariñena, M.C. Mirow, Jerome G. Offner, Brian Owensby, Juan Manuel Palacio, Agustín Parise, Rogelio Pérez-Perdomo, Heikki Pihlajamäki, Susan Elizabeth Ramírez, Timo H. Schaefer, William Suárez-Potts, Victor M. Uribe-Uran, Cristián Villalonga, Alex Wisnoski, and Eduardo Zimmermann.

Native and National in Brazil

Author : Tracy Devine Guzmán
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469602083
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Native and National in Brazil by : Tracy Devine Guzmán

Download or read book Native and National in Brazil written by Tracy Devine Guzmán and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2013 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do the lives of indigenous peoples relate to the romanticized role of "Indians" in Brazilian history, politics, and cultural production? Native and National in Brazil charts this enigmatic relationship from the sixteenth century to the present, focusing on the consolidation of the dominant national imaginary in the postindependence period and highlighting Native peoples' ongoing work to decolonize it. Engaging issues ranging from sovereignty, citizenship, and national security to the revolutionary potential of art, sustainable development, and the gendering of ethnic differences, Tracy Devine Guzman argues that the tensions between popular renderings of "Indianness" and lived indigenous experience are critical to the unfolding of Brazilian nationalism, on the one hand, and the growth of the Brazilian indigenous movement, on the other. Devine Guzmán suggests that the "indigenous question" now posed by Brazilian indigenous peoples themselves-how to be Native and national at the same time-can help us to rethink national belonging in accordance with the protection of human rights, the promotion of social justice, and the consolidation of democratic governance for indigenous and nonindigenous citizens alike.

The Routledge Handbook of Latin American Development

Author : Julie Cupples
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351669680
Total Pages : 731 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Latin American Development by : Julie Cupples

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Latin American Development written by Julie Cupples and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Latin American Development seeks to engage with comprehensive, contemporary, and critical theoretical debates on Latin American development. The volume draws on contributions from across the humanities and social sciences and, unlike earlier volumes of this kind, explicitly highlights the disruptions to the field being brought by a range of anti-capitalist, decolonial, feminist, and ontological intellectual contributions. The chapters consider in depth the harms and suffering caused by various oppressive forces, as well as the creative and often revolutionary ways in which ordinary Latin Americans resist, fight back, and work to construct development defined broadly as the struggle for a better and more dignified life. The book covers many key themes including development policy and practice; neoliberalism and its aftermath; the role played by social movements in cities and rural areas; the politics of water, oil, and other environmental resources; indigenous and Afro-descendant rights; and the struggles for gender equality. With contributions from authors working in Latin America, the US and Canada, Europe, and New Zealand at a range of universities and other organizations, the handbook is an invaluable resource for students and teachers in development studies, Latin American studies, cultural studies, human geography, anthropology, sociology, political science, and economics, as well as for activists and development practitioners.

Indigenous Politics

Author : Mikkel Berg-Nordlie
Publisher : ECPR Press
ISBN 13 : 178552240X
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (855 download)

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Book Synopsis Indigenous Politics by : Mikkel Berg-Nordlie

Download or read book Indigenous Politics written by Mikkel Berg-Nordlie and published by ECPR Press. This book was released on 2016-08-19 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last fifty years, indigenous politics has become an increasingly important field of study. Recognition of self-determination rights are being demanded by indigenous peoples around the world. Indigenous struggles for political representation are shaped by historical and social circumstances particular to their nations but there are, nevertheless, many shared experiences. What are some of the commonalities, similarities and differences to indigenous representation, participation and mobilisation? This anthology offers a comparative perspective on institutional arrangements that provide for varying degrees of indigenous representation, including forms of self-organisation as well as government-created representation structures. A range of comparative and country-specific studies provides a wealth of information on institutional arrangements and processes that mobilise indigenous peoples and the ways in which they negotiate alliances and handle conflict.

Pigmentocracies

Author : Edward Telles
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469617846
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Pigmentocracies by : Edward Telles

Download or read book Pigmentocracies written by Edward Telles and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2014-10-22 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pigmentocracies--the fruit of the multiyear Project on Ethnicity and Race in Latin America (PERLA)--is a richly revealing analysis of contemporary attitudes toward ethnicity and race in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, four of Latin America's most populous nations. Based on extensive, original sociological and anthropological data generated by PERLA, this landmark study analyzes ethnoracial classification, inequality, and discrimination, as well as public opinion about Afro-descended and indigenous social movements and policies that foster greater social inclusiveness, all set within an ethnoracial history of each country. A once-in-a-generation examination of contemporary ethnicity, this book promises to contribute in significant ways to policymaking and public opinion in Latin America. Edward Telles, PERLA's principal investigator, explains that profound historical and political forces, including multiculturalism, have helped to shape the formation of ethnic identities and the nature of social relations within and across nations. One of Pigmentocracies's many important conclusions is that unequal social and economic status is at least as much a function of skin color as of ethnoracial identification. Investigators also found high rates of discrimination by color and ethnicity widely reported by both targets and witnesses. Still, substantial support across countries was found for multicultural-affirmative policies--a notable result given that in much of modern Latin America race and ethnicity have been downplayed or ignored as key factors despite their importance for earlier nation-building.

The SAGE Handbook of Social Anthropology

Author : Richard Fardon
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 144626601X
Total Pages : 1186 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis The SAGE Handbook of Social Anthropology by : Richard Fardon

Download or read book The SAGE Handbook of Social Anthropology written by Richard Fardon and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2012-07-25 with total page 1186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In two volumes, the SAGE Handbook of Social Anthropology provides the definitive overview of contemporary research in the discipline. It explains the what, where, and how of current and anticipated work in Social Anthropology. With 80 authors, contributing more than 60 chapters, this is the most comprehensive and up-to-date statement of research in Social Anthropology available and the essential point of departure for future projects. The Handbook is divided into four sections: -Part I: Interfaces examines Social Anthropology′s disciplinary connections, from Art and Literature to Politics and Economics, from Linguistics to Biomedicine, from History to Media Studies. -Part II: Places examines place, region, culture, and history, from regional, area studies to a globalized world -Part III: Methods examines issues of method; from archives to war zones, from development projects to art objects, and from ethics to comparison -Part IV: Futures anticipates anthropologies to come: in the Brain Sciences; in post-Development; in the Body and Health; and in new Technologies and Materialities Edited by the leading figures in social anthropology, the Handbook includes a substantive introduction by Richard Fardon, a think piece by Jean and John Comaroff, and a concluding last word on futures by Marilyn Strathern. The authors - each at the leading edge of the discipline - contribute in-depth chapters on both the foundational ideas and the latest research. Comprehensive and detailed, this magisterial Handbook overviews the last 25 years of the social anthropological imagination. It will speak to scholars in Social Anthropology and its many related disciplines.

Urban Encounters

Author : A. Cicalo
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137096012
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Encounters by : A. Cicalo

Download or read book Urban Encounters written by A. Cicalo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Latin American Studies Association Brazil Section Book Awards. Utilizing an ethnographic study of a public university and its users, Cicalo analyzes the practical and symbolic potential that affirmative action has to redress historically-produced and territorialized inequalities in the urban space.

Black Bodies, Black Rights

Author : Elizabeth Farfán-Santos
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 1477309241
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (773 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Bodies, Black Rights by : Elizabeth Farfán-Santos

Download or read book Black Bodies, Black Rights written by Elizabeth Farfán-Santos and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2016-05-24 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under a provision in the Brazilian constitution, rural black communities identified as the modern descendants of quilombos—runaway slave communities—are promised land rights as a form of reparations for the historic exclusion of blacks from land ownership. The quilombo provision has been hailed as a success for black rights; however, rights for quilombolas are highly controversial and, in many cases, have led to violent land conflicts. Although thousands of rural black communities have been legally recognized, only a handful have received the rights they were promised. Conflict over quilombola rights is widespread and carries important consequences for race relations and political representations of blackness in twenty-first century Brazil. Drawing on a year of field research in a quilombola community, Elizabeth Farfán-Santos explores how quilombo recognition has significantly affected the everyday lives of those who experience the often-complicated political process. Questions of identity, race, and entitlement play out against a community’s struggle to prove its historical authenticity—and to gain the land and rights they need to survive. This work not only demonstrates the lived experience of a new, particular form of blackness in Brazil, but also shows how blackness is being mobilized and reimagined to gain social rights and political recognition. Black Bodies, Black Rights thus represents an important contribution to the rapidly growing interdisciplinary field of Afro-Latino studies.

Colonial Entanglement

Author : Jean Dennison
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 080783744X
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Colonial Entanglement by : Jean Dennison

Download or read book Colonial Entanglement written by Jean Dennison and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From 2004 to 2006 the Osage Nation conducted a contentious governmental reform process in which sharply differing visions arose over the new government's goals, the Nation's own history, and what it means to be Osage. The primary debates were focused on biology, culture, natural resources, and sovereignty. Osage anthropologist Jean Dennison documents the reform process in order to reveal the lasting effects of colonialism and to illuminate the possibilities for indigenous sovereignty. In doing so, she brings to light the many complexities of defining indigenous citizenship and governance in the twenty-first century. By situating the 2004-6 Osage Nation reform process within its historical and current contexts, Dennison illustrates how the Osage have creatively responded to continuing assaults on their nationhood. A fascinating account of a nation in the midst of its own remaking, Colonial Entanglement presents a sharp analysis of how legacies of European invasion and settlement in North America continue to affect indigenous people's views of selfhood and nationhood.