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Lay Theories And Their Role In The Perception Of Social Groups
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Book Synopsis Lay Theories and Their Role in the Perception of Social Groups by : Ying-yi Hong
Download or read book Lay Theories and Their Role in the Perception of Social Groups written by Ying-yi Hong and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2003-07-30 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue addresses the nature, development, and consequences of a variety of lay theories for group perception and behavior. The articles illuminate the structural, functional, and dynamic properties of lay theories, as well as their scope. Addressing the development of the theories from diverse theoretical perspectives-evolutionary, cognitive, developmental, and sociocultural learning-each paper documents the consequences of different lay theories for understanding group inferences and judgements. Collectively the articles propose theoretical extensions and suggest practical implications of the lay theories approach for reducing prejudice.
Book Synopsis Lay Theories and Their Role in the Perception of Social Groups by : Ying-Yi Hong
Download or read book Lay Theories and Their Role in the Perception of Social Groups written by Ying-Yi Hong and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue addresses the nature, development, and consequences of a variety of lay theories for group perception and behavior. The articles illuminate the structural, functional, and dynamic properties of lay theories, as well as their scope. Addressing the development of the theories from diverse theoretical perspectives-evolutionary, cognitive, developmental, and sociocultural learning-each paper documents the consequences of different lay theories for understanding group inferences and judgements. Collectively the articles propose theoretical extensions and suggest practical implications of the lay theories approach for reducing prejudice.
Book Synopsis Lay Theories and Their Role in the Perception of Social Groups by : Ying-yi Hong
Download or read book Lay Theories and Their Role in the Perception of Social Groups written by Ying-yi Hong and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001-06-12 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue addresses the nature, development, and consequences of a variety of lay theories for group perception and behavior. The articles illuminate the structural, functional, and dynamic properties of lay theories, as well as their scope. Addressing the development of the theories from diverse theoretical perspectives-evolutionary, cognitive, developmental, and sociocultural learning-each paper documents the consequences of different lay theories for understanding group inferences and judgements. Collectively the articles propose theoretical extensions and suggest practical implications of the lay theories approach for reducing prejudice.
Download or read book Lay Theories written by Michael Argyle and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lay theories - the informal, common-sense explanations people give for particular social behaviours - are often very different from formal 'scientific' explanations of what actually happens. While they have been studied in the past, this is the first attempt to review, in detail, the nature of these beliefs. More specifically, it is the first study to consider such fundamental questions as the structure, aetiology, stability and consequence of lay theories about a range of topics. Each chapter covers a different area, such as psychology, psychiatry, medicine, economics, statistics, law and education.
Book Synopsis Confronting Prejudice and Discrimination by : Robyn K. Mallett
Download or read book Confronting Prejudice and Discrimination written by Robyn K. Mallett and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-03-09 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Confronting Prejudice and Discrimination: The Science of Changing Minds and Behaviors focuses on confrontation as a strategy for reducing bias and discrimination. The volume tackles questions that people face when they wish to confront bias: What factors influence people’s decisions to confront or ignore bias in its various forms? What are the motives and consequences of confrontation? How can confrontation be approached individually, through education and empowerment, and in specific contexts (e.g., health care) to yield favourable outcomes? These questions are paramount in contemporary society, where confrontation of bias is increasingly evident. Moreover, great strides in the scientific study of confrontation in the past 20 years has yielded valuable insights and answers. This volume is an essential resource for students and researchers with an interest in prejudice and prejudice reduction, and will also be valuable to non-academics who wish to stand up to bias through confrontation. Addresses factors that determine individuals’ decisions to confront stereotyping, prejudice and discrimination Analyzes how personal and collective motives shape responses in confrontation-relevant situations Examines the consequences of confrontation from the perspectives of targets, perpetrators and bystanders Provides a roadmap for how to prepare for and engage in successful confrontations at the individual level Covers confronting bias in various settings including in schools, health care, the workplace and on the internet Discusses confrontation in the context of racism, sexism, sexual harassment and other forms of bias, including intersectional forms of bias
Book Synopsis Language, Interaction and Social Cognition by : G. R. Semin
Download or read book Language, Interaction and Social Cognition written by G. R. Semin and published by Sage Publications (CA). This book was released on 1992 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of language is increasingly acknowledged within social psychology. In this seminal book, a group of distinguished authors goes beyond general theory to address, from a research base, key issues in the interrelationship between language, interaction and social cognition. Their starting point is that the ways in which we perceive and, therefore, interact with others are structured by the language available to us, as a socially constructed system above and beyond individual minds. The relationship between language and social cognition is not, however, a fixed or unicausal one: linguistic terms are also generated in response to social and cultural development. The interplay is dialectical - a dialectic of the social. The authors explore this dialectic through such themes as: the use and power of category labels; trait-behaviour relations in social information processing; and interpersonal verbs and attribution. They examine the significance of language use in the persistence of stereotypes, and the links between syntactical reasoning processes and social cognition, as well as the impact of perspectivity. They consider the ways in which communication roles and context shape, and are shaped by, language. Language, Interaction and Social Cognition will be essential reading for all those in social psychology, psycholinguistics, linguistics and communication studies concerned with the role of language in interaction and social cognition.
Book Synopsis The Psychology of Group Perception by : Vincent Yzerbyt
Download or read book The Psychology of Group Perception written by Vincent Yzerbyt and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking work by leading social psychologists, who have all contributed in important ways to the psychology of group perception, focuses in particular on three interrelated issues: (1) whether groups are seen to be diverse or relatively homogeneous; (2) whether groups are seen as real and stable or only transitory and ephemeral; and (3) whether group membership derives from some essential quality of the members or rather is based on social constructions.
Book Synopsis Stereotypes as Explanations by : Craig McGarty
Download or read book Stereotypes as Explanations written by Craig McGarty and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-08 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stereotyping is one of the biggest single issues in social psychology, but relatively little is known about how and why stereotypes form. This is the first book to explore the process of stereotype formation, the way that people develop impressions and views of social groups. Conventional approaches to stereotyping assume that stereotypes are based on erroneous and distorted processes, but the authors of this book take a very different view, namely that stereotypes form in order to explain aspects of social groups and in particular to explain relationships between groups.
Book Synopsis Intergroup Cognition and Intergroup Behavior by : Constantine Sedikides
Download or read book Intergroup Cognition and Intergroup Behavior written by Constantine Sedikides and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social psychology has maintained a keen interest over the years in issues related to intergroup behavior, such as ingroup favoritism and discrimination. The field has also been preoccupied with ways to reduce prejudice and discrimination. Intergroup contact has been offered as the main mechanism for prejudice and discrimination reduction. In the last 15 years, the social cognitive perspective has been applied to the study of intergroup relations. Theoretical advances have been made regarding such issues as the representation of information about ingroup and outgroup members, the structural properties of stereotypes, the relation between cognitive representation and judgment, and the ways in which cognition, effect, and motivation interactively influence the perception, judgment, and memory of ingroup and outgroup members. The first volume in this new series, this book seeks to bring the above two traditions together. Focusing on the interplay between cognition and behavior in intergroup settings, it addresses four general questions: * How does intergroup cognition (perceptions, judgments, and memories) influence intergroup behavior (ingroup favoritism and discrimination)? * How does intergroup behavior subsequently change intergroup cognition? * What is the mediational role of effect, motivational processes, and social context? * How effective can change in intergroup cognition be in altering intergroup behavior? This volume focuses not on a specific theory but rather on an approach. This approach is the interface between intergroup cognition and intergroup behavior. The various contributors are leading investigators in these areas and share the belief that the field has reached a level of maturity where it can start asking the hard questions regarding the complex and multifaceted ways in which intergroup cognition and behavior are related. The investigators do not just summarize their work. Instead, they connect aspects of their work to the theme of the volume and integrate their work with existing approaches in the relevant literature.
Book Synopsis Social Psychology by : Daniel W. Barrett
Download or read book Social Psychology written by Daniel W. Barrett and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2015-12-19 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Employing a lively and accessible writing style, author Daniel W. Barrett integrates up-to-date coverage of social psychology’s core theories, concepts, and research with a discussion of emerging developments in the field—including social neuroscience and the social psychology of happiness, religion, and sustainability. Social Psychology: Core Concepts and Emerging Trends presents engaging examples, Applying Social Psychology sections, and a wealth of pedagogical features to help readers cultivate a deep understanding of the causes of social behavior.
Book Synopsis The Psychology of Group Perception by : Vincent Yzerbyt
Download or read book The Psychology of Group Perception written by Vincent Yzerbyt and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Book Synopsis The Science of Lay Theories by : Claire M. Zedelius
Download or read book The Science of Lay Theories written by Claire M. Zedelius and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-14 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely and important collection broadens our understanding of the ways in which lay theories (also known as folk psychologies, implicit theories, naïve theories, or mindsets) impact our lives and social relations. Moving well beyond lay theories as applied to intelligence and achievement, this volume considers lay theories in an admirably wide context, including perspectives on prejudice, creativity, self-regulation, health, free will, justice, magic, religion and more. Eminent and emerging scholars alike provide a comprehensive overview that presents and synthesizes cutting edge contemporary research on lay theories, spanning social, cognitive, developmental, cultural, and clinical psychology. Structurally, this volume is organized in three parts. Beginning with a preface by renowned scholar Carol Dweck, the first part looks at the origins and nature of lay theories, and how malleable they are. The second part explores lay theories about common psychological phenomena. The third section discusses lay theories about the metaphysical or supernatural. Finally, the last section explores the important question of how lay theories impact health and health behavior. Taken together, the chapters provide an integrative survey of the science of lay theories, bringing together many perspectives that previously have been studied largely in isolation. This volume is more than the sum of its parts—perspectives from different strands of research provide insights that cut across research disciplines, making novel connections and prompting new directions for this field of study. Shedding light on how our beliefs shape all facets of our lives, The Science of Lay Theories: How Beliefs Shape Our Cognition, Behavior, and Health will appeal to researchers and practitioners in psychology, as well as philosophers, cognitive and developmental neuroscientists, religious scholars, sociologists, and anthropologists. It is very rare to say of an edited volume of scholarly chapters “I couldn’t put it down!” Yet that was the case with this book. It’s not just that I have worked in this field for many years, but rather, with every chapter I felt I was gaining new insights into what, deep down, people really believe and how these beliefs influence their lives—Carol Dweck, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Book Synopsis Navigating the Social World by : Mahzarin R. Banaji
Download or read book Navigating the Social World written by Mahzarin R. Banaji and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-26 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Navigating the social world requires sophisticated cognitive machinery that, although present quite early in crude forms, undergoes significant change across the lifespan. This book will be the first to report on evidence that has accumulated on an unprecedented scale, showing us what capacities for social cognition are present at birth and early in life, and how these capacities develop through learning in the first years of life. The volume will highlight what is known about the discoveries themselves but also what these discoveries imply about the nature of early social cognition and the methods that have allowed these discoveries -- what is known concerning the phylogeny and ontogeny of social cognition. To capture the full depth and breadth of the exciting work that is blossoming on this topic in a manner that is accessible and engaging, the editors invited 70 leading researchers to develop a short report of their work that would be written for a broad audience. The purpose of this format was for each piece to focus on a single core message: are babies aware of what is right and wrong, why do children have the same implicit intergroup preferences that adults do, what does language do to the building of category knowledge, and so on. The unique format and accessible writing style will be appealing to graduate students and researchers in cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, and social psychology.
Book Synopsis Cultural Divides by : Deborah Prentice
Download or read book Cultural Divides written by Deborah Prentice and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 1999-06-24 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thirty years of progress on civil rights and a new era of immigration to the United States have together created an unprecedented level of diversity in American schools, workplaces, and neighborhoods. But increased contact among individuals from different racial and ethnic groups has not put an end to misunderstanding and conflict. On the contrary, entrenched cultural differences raise vexing questions about the limits of American pluralism. Can a population of increasingly mixed origins learn to live and work together despite differing cultural backgrounds? Or, is social polarization by race and ethnicity inevitable? These are the dilemmas explored in Cultural Divides, a compendium of the latest research into the origins and nature of group conflict, undertaken by a distinguished group of social psychologists who have joined forces to examine the effects of culture on social life. Cultural Divides shows how new lines of investigation into intergroup conflict shape current thinking on such questions as: Why are people so strongly prone to attribute personal differences to group membership rather than to individual nature? Why are negative beliefs about other groups so resistent to change, even with increased contact? Is it possible to struggle toward equal status for all people and still maintain separate ethnic identities for culturally distinct groups? Cultural Divides offers new theories about how social identity comes to be rooted in groups: Some essays describe the value of group membership for enhancing individual self-esteem, while others focus on the belief in social hierarchies, or the perception that people of different skin colors and ethnic origins fall into immutably different categories. Among the phenomena explored are the varying degrees of commitment and identification felt by many black students toward their educational institutions, the reasons why social stigma affects the self-worth of some minority groups more than others, and the peculiar psychology of hate crime perpetrators. The way cultural boundaries can impair our ability to resolve disputes is a recurrent theme in the volume. An essay on American cultures of European, Asian, African, and Mexican origin examines core differences in how each traditionally views conflict and its proper methods of resolution. Another takes a hard look at the multiculturalist agenda and asks whether it can realistically succeed. Other contributors describe the effectiveness of social experiments aimed at increasing positive attitudes, cooperation, and conflict management skills in mixed group settings. Cultural Divides illuminates the beliefs and attitudes that people hold about themselves in relation to others, and how these social thought processes shape the formation of group identity and intergroup antagonism. In so doing, Cultural Divides points the way toward a new science of cultural contact and confronts issues of social change that increasingly affect all Americans.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology by : Paul A M Van Lange
Download or read book Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology written by Paul A M Van Lange and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2011-08-31 with total page 1148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a comprehensive exploration of the major developments of social psychological theories that have taken place over the past half century, this innovative two-volume handbook is a state of the art overview of the primary theories and models that have been developed in this vast and fascinating field. Authored by leading international experts, each chapter represents a personal and historical narrative of the theory′s development including the inspirations, critical junctures, and problem-solving efforts that effected theoretical choices and determined the theory′s impact and its evolution. Unique to this handbook, these narratives provide a rich background for understanding how theories are created, nurtured, and shaped over time, and examining their unique contribution to the field as a whole. To examine its societal impact, each theory is evaluated in terms of its applicability to better understanding and solving critical social issues and problems.
Book Synopsis Cultures of Growth by : Mary C. Murphy
Download or read book Cultures of Growth written by Mary C. Murphy and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2024-03-12 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘Required reading for anyone who has wondered how to create a culture that supports innovation, risk-taking, integrity and inclusion. I simply loved this book!’ ANGELA DUCKWORTH, bestselling author of Grit In her multi-million-copy bestseller Mindset Carol Dweck coined the terms ‘fixed’ and ‘growth’ mindset, transforming our view of individual success. In a fixed mindset, talent and intelligence are viewed as predetermined traits, while in a growth mindset, talent and intelligence can be nurtured, In Cultures of Growth, award-winning social psychologist Mary C. Murphy argues that mindset transcends individuals. Drawing on compelling examples from her work with Fortune 500 companies, startups and schools, she shows how we can all create a growth mindset culture. Murphy’s original decade-long research reveals that organisations and teams more geared toward growth inspire deeper learning, spark collaboration, spur innovation, and build trust necessary for risk-taking and inclusion. They are also less likely to cheat, cut corners, or steal each other’s ideas. And they’re more likely to achieve top results. In these cultures, great ideas come from people from all backgrounds and at all levels - not just those anointed as brilliant or talented. In a world where success seems reserved for a chosen few, Cultures of Growth unveils a radically different approach to creating organisations that inspire learning, growth, and success at all levels.
Book Synopsis The Wiley Handbook of Entrepreneurship by : Gorkan Ahmetoglu
Download or read book The Wiley Handbook of Entrepreneurship written by Gorkan Ahmetoglu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-07-13 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading scholars, The Wiley Handbook of Entrepreneurship provides a distinctive overview of methodological, theoretical and paradigm changes in the area of entrepreneurship research. It is divided into four parts covering history and theory, individual differences and creativity, organizational aspects of innovation including intrapreneurship, and macroeconomic aspects such as social entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship in developing countries. The result is a must-have resource for seasoned researchers and newcomers alike, as well as practitioners and advanced students of business, entrepreneurship, and social and organizational psychology.
