Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Lausanne Conference On Near Eastern Affaire 1922 1923
Download Lausanne Conference On Near Eastern Affaire 1922 1923 full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Lausanne Conference On Near Eastern Affaire 1922 1923 ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey: Volume 2, Reform, Revolution, and Republic: The Rise of Modern Turkey 1808-1975 by : Stanford J. Shaw
Download or read book History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey: Volume 2, Reform, Revolution, and Republic: The Rise of Modern Turkey 1808-1975 written by Stanford J. Shaw and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1977-05-27 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second book of the two-volume History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey.
Book Synopsis British Documents on the Lausanne Conference (1922-1923) by : Kemal Öke
Download or read book British Documents on the Lausanne Conference (1922-1923) written by Kemal Öke and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Problems of the Near East by : Edward Mead Earle
Download or read book Problems of the Near East written by Edward Mead Earle and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis British documents on the Lausanne Conference, 1922-1923 by :
Download or read book British documents on the Lausanne Conference, 1922-1923 written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States by : United States. Department of State
Download or read book Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States written by United States. Department of State and published by . This book was released on 1938 with total page 1410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis American Interests and Policies in the Middle East, 1900-1939 by : John A. DeNovo
Download or read book American Interests and Policies in the Middle East, 1900-1939 written by John A. DeNovo and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 1963-11-29 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American Interests and Policies in the Middle East, 1900-1939 was first published in 1963. Minnesota Archive Editions uses digital technology to make long-unavailable books once again accessible, and are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions. Scholars concerned with the diplomatic history of the United States have largely neglected the subject of American relations with the Middle East during the four decades before World War I. With this study, Professor DeNovo fills the gap by describing and assessing the United States' cultural, economic, and diplomatic relations with Turkey, Persia, and the Arab East in that period. He traces, chronologically and topically, the activities of such American interest groups as Protestant missionaries, educators, philanthropists, archaeologists, businessmen, and technical advisers, as well as the official actions of their government. The account falls roughly into three chronological periods. The first section traces the interest groups through the pre-World War I years of political and cultural stirring in the Ottoman Empire and Persia. Special attention is given to the Chester Project for railroad development in Turkey. The second part deals with the upheavals accompanying World War I and the tasks of peacemaking from the Mudros armistice through the Lausanne settlement of 1923. The latter chapters detail the rise of the Turkish national movement, the deepening Persian and Arab nationalism, and the accommodation of American cultural and economic groups to these conditions. The author points out that before World War II began, Americans had acquired a significant interest in Middle Eastern oil and had become emotionally involved in the Arab-Zionist tension. In 1939 the United States was on the verge of a new phase in its Middle Eastern relations when that region would become more intimately linked to America's national security.
Book Synopsis When Democracy Died by : Hans-Lukas Kieser
Download or read book When Democracy Died written by Hans-Lukas Kieser and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-30 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Treaty of Lausanne, signed in Switzerland in July 1923, officially settled the conflict between the Ottoman Empire and the Allied forces. Not only did the Treaty establish the borders of the modern Turkish republic, but it also defined boundaries, political systems, and understandings of citizenship in the newly formed post-Ottoman nation-states. Here, Hans-Lukas Kieser recounts how the eight dramatic months of the Lausanne Conference concluded more than ten years of war and genocide in the late Ottoman Empire. Crucially, the Treaty was in favour of a homogeneous Turkish state in Asia Minor and became the basis for the compulsory 'unmixing of people' that facilitated the persecution of minority groups, including Armenians, Kurds, and Arabs. Not only did this significant yet oft-overlooked treaty mark the end of the League of Nations' project of self-determination and security for small peoples, but it was crucial in shaping the modern Middle East, and dictatorships in Turkey and Europe.
Book Synopsis The Day the Great War Ended, 24 July 1923 by : Jay Winter
Download or read book The Day the Great War Ended, 24 July 1923 written by Jay Winter and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-08 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 24 July 1923 the last Treaty ending hostilities in the Great War was signed at Lausanne in Switzerland. That Treaty closed a decade of violence. Jay Winter tells the story of what happened on that day. On the shores of Lake Geneva, diplomats, statesmen, and soldiers came from Ankara and Athens, from London, Paris, and Rome, and from other capital cities to affirm that war was over. The Treaty they signed fixed the boundaries of present-day Greece and Turkey, and marked a beginning of a new phase in their history. That was its major achievement, but it came at a high price. The Treaty contained within it a Compulsory Population Exchange agreement. By that measure, Greek-Orthodox citizens of Turkey, with the exception of those living in Constantinople, lost the right of citizenship and residence in that state. So did Muslim citizens of Greece, except for residents of Western Thrace. This exchange of nearly two million people, introduced to the peace conference by Nobel Prize winner and humanitarian Fridtjof Nansen, provided a solution to the immense refugee problem arising out of the Greek-Turkish war. At the same time, it introduced into international law a definition of citizenship defined not by language or history or ethnicity, but solely by religion. This set a precedent for ethnic cleansing followed time and again later in the century and beyond. The second price of peace was the burial of commitments to the Armenian people that they would have a homeland in the lands from which they had been expelled, tortured and murdered in the genocide of 1915. This book tells the story of the peace conference, and its outcome. It shows how peace came before justice, and how it set in motion forces leading to the global war that followed in 1939.
Book Synopsis The Greeks and the British in the Levant, 1800-1960s by : Anastasia Yiangou
Download or read book The Greeks and the British in the Levant, 1800-1960s written by Anastasia Yiangou and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-01 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the concept of ‘the Levant’ as a component of the regional and international system during the age of imperialism. At its heart is a focus on the experience of Greek-speaking societies and, above all, the independent state of Greece that came into existence in 1830. A key sub-theme running through the account is the Anglo-Hellenic connection stemming from an enhanced British presence in the Eastern Mediterranean from the 1830s and 1840s, and in particular its relationship to the Greek polity. Within this framework the emergence of the idea of ‘Greater Greece’ is integrated into the narrative, including its regional reverberations and ethnic tensions. Other contributions examine trade and finance, gender issues, colonialism and the distinctive experience of Cyprus. The core of the volume deals centrally with three interlocking themes: modernity, nationalism and trans-nationalism. Ultimately these forces were to prove at odds with the ambiguity and elite structures that characterized the Levant in its nineteenth-century heyday. The book analyses the evolution, and increasing definition from the late 1950s, of Greece’s modern European identity, while taking into account the magnetic force of other relationships and regional links. This treatment connects with the choices and dilemmas facing Greece and its surrounding region, which contemporary crises invariably throw into relief. It will be of interest both to specialised historians and students of current affairs seeking to understand the broader historical context.
Book Synopsis Documents on British Foreign Policy, 1919-1939 by : Great Britain. Foreign Office
Download or read book Documents on British Foreign Policy, 1919-1939 written by Great Britain. Foreign Office and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 1156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sovereignty at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 by : Leonard V. Smith
Download or read book Sovereignty at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 written by Leonard V. Smith and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-02 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have known for many decades that the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 "failed", in the sense that it did not prevent the outbreak of World War II. This book investigates not whether the Paris Peace Conference succeeded or failed, but the historically specific international system it created. It explores the rules under which that system operated, and the kinds of states and empires that inhabited it. Deepening the dialogue between history and international relations theory makes it possible to think about sovereignty at the Paris Peace Conference in new ways. Sovereignty in 1919 was about not just determining of answers demarcating the international system, but also the questions. Sovereignty in 1919 was about remaking the world. Most histories of the Paris Peace Conference stop with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles with Germany on 28 June 1919. Sovereignty at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 considers all five treaties produced by the conference as well as the Treaty of Lausanne with Turkey in 1923. It is organized not chronologically or geographically, but according to specific problems of sovereignty. A peace based on "justice" produced a criminalized Great Power in Germany, and a template problematically applied in the other treaties. The conference sought to unmix lands and peoples in the defeated multinational empires by drawing boundaries and defining ethnicities. The conference sought not so much to oppose revolution as to instrumentalize it in the new international system. The League of Nations, so often taken as the supreme symbol of the failure of the conference, is better considered as a continuation of the laboratory of sovereignty established in Paris.
Book Synopsis The Ottoman Empire and Its Successors, 1801-1927 by : William Miller
Download or read book The Ottoman Empire and Its Successors, 1801-1927 written by William Miller and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1966 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis They All Made Peace – What Is Peace? by : Jonathan Conlin
Download or read book They All Made Peace – What Is Peace? written by Jonathan Conlin and published by Gingko Library. This book was released on 2023-07-05 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne from multiple historical, economic, and social perspectives. The last of the post-World War One peace settlements, the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne departed from methods used in the Treaty of Versailles and took on a new peace-making initiative: a forced population exchange that affected one and a half million people. Like its German and Austro-Hungarian allies, the defeated Ottoman Empire had initially been presented with a dictated peace in 1920. In just two years, however, the Kemalist insurgency enabled Turkey to become the first sovereign state in the Middle East, while the Greeks, Armenians, Arabs, Egyptians, Kurds, and other communities previously under the Ottoman Empire sought their own forms of sovereignty. Featuring historical analysis from multiple perspectives, They All Made Peace, What is Peace? considers the Lausanne Treaty and its legacy. Chapters investigate British, Turkish, and Soviet designs in the post-Ottoman world, situate the population exchanges relative to other peacemaking efforts, and discuss the economic factors behind the reallocation of Ottoman debt and the management of refugee flows. Further chapters examine Kurdish, Arab, Iranian, Armenian, and other communities that were refused formal accreditation at Lausanne, but which were still forced to live with the consequences, consequences that are still emerging, one hundred years on.
Book Synopsis Formalizing Displacement by : Umut Özsu
Download or read book Formalizing Displacement written by Umut Özsu and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Umut Özsu situates population transfer within the broader history of international law by examining its emergence as a legally formalized mechanism of nation-building in the early twentieth century. The book's principal focus is the 1922-34 compulsory exchange of minorities between Greece and Turkey, a crucially important endeavor whose legal dimensions remain under-scrutinized.
Book Synopsis The Diplomats, 1919–1939 by : Gordon A. Craig
Download or read book The Diplomats, 1919–1939 written by Gordon A. Craig and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic account of interwar diplomacy examines the curious fate of the diplomat, “the honest man sent to lie abroad for the good of his country,” in the capitals of a darkening Europe. These men—ambassadors in the field and officials in the Foreign Office—worked against time in a world that witnessed the complete reorganization of the European system amid the onslaught of totalitarianism. Leading experts investigate the diplomatic history of these years through the eyes of those entrusted with the extraordinarily delicate task of conducting the fateful negotiations that effect national policy. Drawing on government archives, European memoirs, and diplomatic studies, this book is both an absorbing history of twenty years of crisis and a searching analysis of the role of diplomacy in the modern age.
Book Synopsis The Eastern Question 1774-1923 by : Alexander Lyon Macfie
Download or read book The Eastern Question 1774-1923 written by Alexander Lyon Macfie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-30 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A clear and concise guide to the Eastern Question - the problem facing the European states of how to react to the decline of the Ottoman Empire. A L MacFie's study shows how the question was a major factor in shaping the policies of all the major powers from the Russo-Turkish War of 1768-74 down to the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923.
Book Synopsis Foreign Affairs by : Archibald Cary Coolidge
Download or read book Foreign Affairs written by Archibald Cary Coolidge and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No. 3 of each year (1979- ) has distinctive title: America and the world.
