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Latvia And Turkey
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Book Synopsis How Latvia Came Through the Financial Crisis by : Anders Åslund
Download or read book How Latvia Came Through the Financial Crisis written by Anders Åslund and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on 2011 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Latvia stands out as the East European country hardest hit by the global financial crisis; it lost approximately 25 percent of its GDP between 2008 and 2010. It was also the most overheated economy before the crisis. But in the second half of 2010, Latvia returned to economic growth. How did this happen so quickly? Current Latvian Prime Minister Valdis Dombrovskis, who shepherded Latvia through the crisis, and renowned author Anders slund discuss why the Latvian economy became so overheated; why an IMF and European Union stabilization program was needed; what the Latvian government did to resolve the financial crisis and why it made these choices; and what the outcome has been. This book offers a rare insider's look at how a national government responded to a global financial crisis, made tough choices, and led the country back to economic growth.
Download or read book Commerce Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1938-04-23 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Department of State Bulletin by :
Download or read book The Department of State Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Daily Consular and Trade Reports by :
Download or read book Daily Consular and Trade Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1938 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The WTO Promotes Trade, Strongly But Unevenly by : Mr.Arvind Subramanian
Download or read book The WTO Promotes Trade, Strongly But Unevenly written by Mr.Arvind Subramanian and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-09-01 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper furnishes robust evidence that the GATT/WTO has had a powerful and positive impact on trade. The impact has, however, been uneven. GATT/WTO membership for industrial countries has been associated with a large increase in imports estimated at about 40 percent of world trade. The same has not been true for developing country members, although those that joined after the Uruguay Round have benefited from increased imports. Similarly, there have been asymmetric effects among sectors, with WTO membership associated with substantially greater imports in sectors where barriers are low. These results are consistent with the history and design of the institution, which presided over significant trade liberalization by the industrial countries except in sectors such as food and clothing; largely exempted developing countries from the obligations to liberalize under the principle of special and differential treatment; but attempted to redress the latter by imposing greater obligations on developing country members that joined after the Uruguay Round.
Download or read book Foreign Crops and Markets written by and published by . This book was released on 1936 with total page 842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Sovereign Remedy? by : Antoni Estevadeordal
Download or read book The Sovereign Remedy? written by Antoni Estevadeordal and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-23 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on a number of unique new datasets, the authors seek to explore in historical context the relationship between trade agreements and the flow of global trade, and to identify how governments and countries might unilaterally and collectively leverage trade agreements to increase trade and prosperity.
Author :International Monetary Fund. European Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1498351026 Total Pages :133 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (983 download)
Book Synopsis Ukraine by : International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Download or read book Ukraine written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-06-11 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses Ukraine’s 2013 Article IV Consultation and First Post-Program Monitoring. The Ukrainian economy has been in recession since mid-2012, and the outlook remains challenging. In January–September 2013, GDP contracted by 11⁄4 percent year-over-year, reflecting lower demand for Ukrainian exports and falling investments. Consumer prices stayed flat, held down by decreasing food prices and tight monetary policy. The fiscal stance loosened in 2012–2013, contributing to the buildup of vulnerabilities. Ukraine remains current on all its payments to the IMF, and the authorities have reaffirmed their commitment to repay all outstanding IMF credit.
Book Synopsis The Origin of Goods by : Olivier Cadot
Download or read book The Origin of Goods written by Olivier Cadot and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-02-23 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dark side of preferential trade agreements, Rules of Origin (RoO) are used to determine the eligibility of goods to preferential treatment. Ostensibly meant to prevent the trans-shipment of imported products across Free Trade Agreement borders after superficial screwdriver assembly, they act in reality as complex and opaque trade barriers. This book provides evidence strongly suggesting that they do so by intent rather than accidentally—-in other words, that RoOs are policy. Part one draws insights about the effects of RoOs on cross-border trade and outsourcing from recent economic theory. Part two reviews the evidence on RoOs in preferential agreements around the world, putting together the most comprehensive dataset on RoOs to date. Part three explores their "political economy"—-how special interests have shaped them and continue to do so. Part four provides econometric evidence on their costs for exporters and consequent effects on trade flows. Finally, part five explores how they affect trade in the developing world where they spread rapidly and have the potential to do most harm. Beyond the collection of new evidence and its interpretation in light of recent theory, the book's overall message for the policy community is that RoOs are a potentially powerful and new barrier to trade. Rather than being relegated to closed-door technical meetings, their design should hold center-stage in trade negotiations.
Book Synopsis Investing in Youth: Finland by : OECD
Download or read book Investing in Youth: Finland written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Investing in Youth builds on the expertise of the OECD on youth employment, social support and skills. It covers both OECD countries and key emerging economies. The report on Finland presents new results from a comprehensive analysis of the situation of young people in Finland, exploiting various sources of survey-based and administrative data.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1498372813 Total Pages :60 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (983 download)
Book Synopsis Mexico by : International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Download or read book Mexico written by International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-12-01 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses Mexico’s Request for Arrangement Under the Flexible Credit Line (FCL) and Cancellation of the Current Arrangement. Mexico’s macroeconomic policies and policy frameworks remain very strong. Real GDP growth is projected to accelerate to 3.5 percent in 2015. The authorities are requesting a new FCL arrangement for two years at the same level of access. In their view, the risk of a rapid rebalancing of investor portfolios away from emerging markets remains elevated. The IMF staff considers the proposed access level of SDR 47.292 billion to be appropriate. Uncertainties surrounding the global outlook, including risks related to the tightening of monetary policy in the United States, remain high.
Book Synopsis Uneven Odds, Unequal Outcomes by : Nandini Krishnan
Download or read book Uneven Odds, Unequal Outcomes written by Nandini Krishnan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-06-28 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perceptions of eroding living standards and low life satisfaction are widespread in the Middle East and North Africa region today, along with pessimism about prospects for economic mobility. Conventional measures of economic well-being offer little in the way of explanation †“ in most countries in the region, extreme poverty is low and declining and economic inequality is lower than in other parts of the world. This book investigates possible reasons for this disconnect, focusing on the role played by inadequate and unequal access to opportunities to realize one’s aspirations for economic mobility. The inability of most countries in the region to meet the aspirations of citizens is closely linked to persistent weaknesses in the labor markets where the pace of job creation has been chronically below levels required to absorb the growing and increasingly better educated population. A high degree of segmentation in the labor markets also puts the youth and women in the region at a particular disadvantage. While labor markets are critical for mobility, opportunities and life paths can diverge even earlier in life if access to basic services in health, education and infrastructure are unequally distributed among children in their formative years. This book documents sharp disparities in the quality of services available to children of varying birth circumstances in the region. Although the most intense debates in development coalesce around inequality of income or wealth, the notion of inequality of opportunity has an intuitive appeal that can bridge ideological differences. By drawing attention to the notion of equality of opportunity to create a level playing field for all sections of society, the book highlights the need to critically examine the social contract and governance structures that guide the delivery of services and are instrumental for implementing necessary reforms to make labor markets more dynamic and equitable.
Book Synopsis OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2014 by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2014 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2014-11-12 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2014 reviews key trends in science, technology and innovation (STI) policies, and performance in more than 45 economies, including OECD countries and major emerging economies.
Book Synopsis Our Social World by : Jeanne H. Ballantine
Download or read book Our Social World written by Jeanne H. Ballantine and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2022-10-18 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Eighth Edition of Our Social World: Introduction to Sociology inspires students to develop their sociological imaginations, to see the world and personal events from a new perspective, and to confront sociological issues on a day-to-day basis. The consistent application of the Social World Model across chapters helps encourage the practice of using three levels of analysis, and to view sociology as an integrated whole, rather than a set of disparate subjects.
Book Synopsis effects of improving infrastrusture quality on business costs: evidence from firm level data by :
Download or read book effects of improving infrastrusture quality on business costs: evidence from firm level data written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis OECD Economic Surveys: Brazil 2009 by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys: Brazil 2009 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2009-07-14 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OECD's periodic survey of Brazil's economy. This 2009 edition features chapters on looking beyond the economic crisis, reaping the benefits of macroeconomic consolidation, reforming indirect taxes and labour levies, and making government operations ...
Book Synopsis Pensions at a Glance 2017 OECD and G20 Indicators by : OECD
Download or read book Pensions at a Glance 2017 OECD and G20 Indicators written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2017-12-05 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2017 edition of Pensions at a Glance highlights the pension reforms undertaken by OECD countries over the last two years. Moreover, one special chapter focuses on flexible retirement options in OECD countries and discusses people’s preferences regarding flexible retirement.
