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Language Structure Discourse And The Access To Consciousness
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Book Synopsis Language Structure, Discourse and the Access to Consciousness by : Maxim I. Stamenov
Download or read book Language Structure, Discourse and the Access to Consciousness written by Maxim I. Stamenov and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1997-09-02 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this collective volume is on the mutual determination of language structure, discourse patterns and the accessibility to consciousness of mental contents of different types of organization and complexity. The contributions address the following problems, among others: the history of the interpretation of ‘conscious’ and ‘unconscious’ mind in the theoretical discourse of modern linguistics; the determination of the structure of consciousness by the grammatical structure; the levels of access of grammatical and lexical information to consciousness; the development of cognitive complexity and control in ontogeny; pathologies of consciousness access in discourse comprehension and production; the cognitive contextual prerequisites for the representation of meaning in consciousness; the relationships between language structure and qualia in the phenomenology of experience; the dialogical structure of intentionality and meaning representation, etc. (Series B)
Book Synopsis Discourse, Consciousness, and Time by : Wallace Chafe
Download or read book Discourse, Consciousness, and Time written by Wallace Chafe and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1994-10-15 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wallace Chafe demonstrates how the study of language and consciousness together can provide an unexpectedly broad understanding of the way the mind works. Relying on analyses of conversational speech, written fiction and nonfiction, the North American Indian language Seneca, and the music of Mozart and of the Seneca people, he investigates both the flow of ideas through consciousness and the displacement of consciousness by way of memory and imagination. Chafe draws on several decades of research to demonstrate that understanding the nature of consciousness is essential to understanding many topics of linguistic importance, such as anaphora, tense, clause structure, and intonation, as well as stylistic usages such as the historical present and free indirect style. This book offers a comprehensive picture of the dynamic natures of language and consciousness for linguists, psychologists, literary scholars, computer scientists, anthropologists, and philosophers.
Book Synopsis The Self in Neuroscience and Psychiatry by : Tilo Kircher
Download or read book The Self in Neuroscience and Psychiatry written by Tilo Kircher and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-08-07 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years the clinical and cognitive sciences and neuroscience have contributed important insights to understanding the self. The neuroscientific study of the self and self-consciousness is in its infancy in terms of established models, available data and even vocabulary. However, there are neuropsychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia, in which the self becomes disordered and this aspect can be studied against healthy controls through experiment, building cognitive models of how the mind works, and imaging brain states. In this 2003 book, the first to address the scientific contribution to an understanding of the self, an eminent, international team focuses on current models of self-consciousness from the neurosciences and psychiatry. These are set against introductory essays describing the philosophical, historical and psychological approaches, making this a uniquely inclusive overview. It will appeal to a wide audience of scientists, clinicians and scholars concerned with the phenomenology and psychopathology of the self.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Consciousness by : Philip David Zelazo
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Consciousness written by Philip David Zelazo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-05-14 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge Handbook of Consciousness is the first of its kind in the field, and its appearance marks a unique time in the history of intellectual inquiry on the topic. After decades during which consciousness was considered beyond the scope of legitimate scientific investigation, consciousness re-emerged as a popular focus of research towards the end of the last century, and it has remained so for nearly 20 years. There are now so many different lines of investigation on consciousness that the time has come when the field may finally benefit from a book that pulls them together and, by juxtaposing them, provides a comprehensive survey of this exciting field. An authoritative desk reference, which will also be suitable as an advanced textbook.
Book Synopsis Motivation in Language by : H. Cuyckens
Download or read book Motivation in Language written by H. Cuyckens and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Topics covered in this volume include: extreme subjectification - English tense and modals; schemas and lexical blends; valency and diathesis; functions of the preposition "kuom" in Dholou; and grammaticalization of postpositions in German.
Book Synopsis Sentence Processing: A Crosslinguistic Perspective by : Dieter Hillert
Download or read book Sentence Processing: A Crosslinguistic Perspective written by Dieter Hillert and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1998-07-13 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The innovative element of this volume is its overview of the fundamental psycholinguistic topics involved in sentence processing. While most psycholinguistic studies focus on a single language and induce a general model of universal sentence processing, this volume proposes a cross-linguistic approach. It contains two distinct features first embraced in the 18th century by brothers Freiherr Wilhelm von Humboldt and Alexander von Humboldt. First, it offers a linguistic theory that characterizes universal cognitive features of the human language processor (or the mind and its biological source), independent of a single language structure. Second, it contains a language theory which considers the diversity of linguistic structures and provides a powerful theory of language processing. Contributors cover a wide range of topics, including word recognition, fixed expressions, grammatical constraints, empty categories, and parsing. Their research involves analyses of 12 languages. This book provides an overview of central psycholinguistic topics in sentence processing; and combines deductive and inductive methods in fashioning an innovative approach. The contributors address word recognition, fixed expressions, grammatical constraints, empty categories, and parsing. Its original papers form a coherent presentation.
Book Synopsis Hate Speech by : Victoria Guillén-Nieto
Download or read book Hate Speech written by Victoria Guillén-Nieto and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2023-01-30 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hate speech has been extensively studied by disciplines such as social psychology, sociology, history, politics and law. Some significant areas of study have been the origins of hate speech in past and modern societies around the world; the way hate speech paves the way for harmful social movements; the socially destructive force of propaganda; and the legal responses to hate speech. On reviewing the literature, one major weakness stands out: hate speech, a crime perpetrated primarily by malicious and damaging language use, has no significant study in the field of linguistics. Historically, pragmatic theories have tended to address language as cooperative action, geared to reciprocally informative polite understanding. As a result of this idealized view of language, negative types of discourse such as harassment, defamation, hate speech, etc. have been neglected as objects of linguistic study. Since they go against social, moral and legal norms, many linguists have wrongly depicted those acts of wrong communication as unusual, anomalous or deviant when they are, in fact, usual and common in modern societies all over the world. The book analyses the challenges legal practitioners and linguists must meet when dealing with hate speech, especially with the advent of new technologies and social networks, and takes a linguistic perspective by targeting the knowledge the linguist can provide that makes harassment actionable.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Companion to Consciousness by : Tim Bayne
Download or read book The Oxford Companion to Consciousness written by Tim Bayne and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consciousness is undoubtedly one of the last remaining scientific mysteries and hence one of the greatest contemporary scientific challenges. How does the brain's activity result in the rich phenomenology that characterizes our waking life? Are animals conscious? Why did consciousness evolve? How does science proceed to answer such questions? Can we define what consciousness is? Can we measure it? Can we use experimental results to further our understanding of disorders of consciousness, such as those seen in schizophrenia, delirium, or altered states of consciousness? These questions are at the heart of contemporary research in the domain. Answering them requires a fundamentally interdisciplinary approach that engages not only philosophers, but also neuroscientists and psychologists in a joint effort to develop novel approaches that reflect both the stunning recent advances in imaging methods as well as the continuing refinement of our concepts of consciousness. In this light, the Oxford Companion to Consciousness is the most complete authoritative survey of contemporary research on consciousness. Five years in the making and including over 250 concise entries written by leaders in the field, the volume covers both fundamental knowledge as well as more recent advances in this rapidly changing domain. Structured as an easy-to-use dictionary and extensively cross-referenced, the Companion offers contributions from philosophy of mind to neuroscience, from experimental psychology to clinical findings, so reflecting the profoundly interdisciplinary nature of the domain. Particular care has been taken to ensure that each of the entries is accessible to the general reader and that the overall volume represents a comprehensive snapshot of the contemporary study of consciousness. The result is a unique compendium that will prove indispensable to anyone interested in consciousness, from beginning students wishing to clarify a concept to professional consciousness researchers looking for the best characterization of a particular phenomenon.
Book Synopsis Current Trends in Pragmatics by : Piotr Cap
Download or read book Current Trends in Pragmatics written by Piotr Cap and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2009-03-26 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume brings together twenty articles written by established linguists, language philosophers, sociologists and psychologists, sharing their academic interest in a broad and interdisciplinary field of linguistic pragmatics. The collection consists of four thematic parts: “Pragmatics and Cognition,” “The Semantics-Pragmatics Interface,” “Conversational and Text Analysis” and “Pragmatics, Social Research and Didactics.” It aims to contribute to the debate on the present-day status of pragmatics, by examining three fundamental issues. The first involves the question of the current explanatory power of pragmatics, namely, how successful is the existing apparatus of pragmatics and the basic-level parameters (theories of speech acts, relevance, implicature, presupposition, deixis, politeness, etc.) in the elucidation of various aspects of meaning. The second issue involves the methodological assistance that pragmatics might need in order to enhance its explanatory power. The third has to do with the fuzzily defined boundaries of the discipline of pragmatics and the resulting temptation for analysts to concentrate solely on its fragmented sub-domains. As the collection unfolds, these issues form a continuum which, it seems, is often a process that a linguist goes through as his or her methodological awareness deepens. Thus, the orientation of the volume towards the analyst and the analytic mind-set, as well as the attempted balance in presentation of the alternative approaches, seem the major theoretical characteristic of the book.
Book Synopsis Dimensions of Conscious Experience by : Paavo Pylkkänen
Download or read book Dimensions of Conscious Experience written by Paavo Pylkkänen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is by now commonly agreed that the proper study of consciousness requires a multidisciplinary approach which focuses on the varieties and dimensions of conscious experience from different angles. This book, which is based on a workshop held at the University of Skövde, Sweden, provides a microcosm of the emerging discipline of consciousness studies and focuses on some important but neglected aspects of consciousness. The book brings together philosophy, psychology, cognitive neuroscience, linguistics, cognitive and computer science, biology, physics, art and the new media. It contains critical studies of subjectivity vs objectivity, nonconceptuality vs conceptuality, language, evolutionary aspects, neural correlates, microphysical level, creativity, visual arts and dreams. It is suitable as a text-book for a third-year undergraduate or a graduate seminar on consciousness studies. (Series A)
Book Synopsis Stylistic Innovation, Conscious Experience, and the Self in Modernist Women's Poetry by : Kristina Marie Darling
Download or read book Stylistic Innovation, Conscious Experience, and the Self in Modernist Women's Poetry written by Kristina Marie Darling and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-10-07 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stylistic Innovation, Conscious Experience, and the Self in Modernist Women's Poetry examines representations of philosophical discourses in Modernist women's writing. Philosophers argued in the early twentieth century for an understanding of the self as both corporeal and relational, shaped and reshaped by interactions within a community. The once clear distinction between self and other was increasingly called into question. This breakdown of boundaries between self and world often manifested in the style of early twentieth-century literary works. Modernist poetry, like stream of consciousness fiction, used metaphor, sound, and a revision of received grammatical structures to blur the boundaries between the individual and collective. This book explores the ways that feminist writers like Mina Loy, H.D., Gertrude Stein, and Marianne Moore used style and technique to respond to these philosophical debates, reclaiming agency over a predominantly male philosophical discourse. While many critics have addressed the thematic content of these writers' work, few scholars have taken up this question while focusing on the style of the writing. This book shows how these feminist poets used seemingly small stylistic choices in poetry to make necessary contributions to contemporary philosophical discourses, ultimately rendering these philosophical conversations more inclusive.
Book Synopsis Mirror Neurons and the Evolution of Brain and Language by : Maksim Stamenov
Download or read book Mirror Neurons and the Evolution of Brain and Language written by Maksim Stamenov and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of language, social intelligence, and tool development are what made homo sapiens sapiens differentiate itself from all other biological species in the world. The use of language and the management of social and instrumental skills imply an awareness of intention and the consideration that one faces another individual with an attitude analogical to that of one's own. The metaphor of 'mirror' aptly comes to mind.Recent investigations have shown that the human ability to 'mirror' other's actions originates in the brain at a much deeper level than phenomenal awareness. A new class of neurons has been discovered in the premotor area of the monkey brain: 'mirror neurons'. Quite remarkably, they are tuned to fire to the enaction as well as observation of specific classes of behavior: fine manual actions and actions performed by mouth. They become activated independent of the agent, be it the self or a third person whose action is observed. The activation in mirror neurons is automatic and binds the observation and enaction of some behavior by the self or by the observed other. The peculiar first-to-third-person 'intersubjectivity' of the performance of mirror neurons and their surprising complementarity to the functioning of strategic communicative face-to-face (first-to-second person) interaction may shed new light on the functional architecture of conscious vs. unconscious mental processes and the relationship between behavioral and communicative action in monkeys, primates, and humans. The present volume discusses the nature of mirror neurons as presented by the research team of Prof. Giacomo Rizzolatti (University of Parma), who originally discovered them, and the implications to our understanding of the evolution of brain, mind and communicative interaction in non-human primates and man.(Series B)
Book Synopsis The Evolution of Human Language by : Wolfgang Wildgen
Download or read book The Evolution of Human Language written by Wolfgang Wildgen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wolfgang Wildgen presents three perspectives on the evolution of language as a key element in the evolution of mankind in terms of the development of human symbol use. (1) He approaches this question by constructing possible scenarios in which mechanisms necessary for symbolic behavior could have developed, on the basis of the state of the art in evolutionary anthropology and genetics. (2) Non-linguistic symbolic behavior such as cave art is investigated as an important clue to the developmental background to the origin of language. Creativity and innovation and a population's ability to integrate individual experiments are considered with regard to historical examples of symbolic creativity in the visual arts and natural sciences. (3) Probable linguistic 'fossils' of such linguistic innovations are examined. The results of this study allow for new proposals for a 'protolanguage' and for a theory of language within a broader philosophical and semiotic framework, and raises interesting questions as to human consciousness, universal grammar, and linguistic methodology. (Series B)
Book Synopsis Language, Vision, and Music by : Paul Mc Kevitt
Download or read book Language, Vision, and Music written by Paul Mc Kevitt and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language, vision and music: what common cognitive patterns underlie our competence in these disparate modes of thought? Language (natural & formal), vision and music seem to share at least the following attributes: a hierarchical organisation of constituents, recursivity, metaphor, the possibility of self-reference, ambiguity, and systematicity. Can we propose the existence of a general symbol system with instantiations in these three modes or is the only commonality to be found at the level of such entities as cerebral columnar automata? Answers are to be found in this international collection of work which recognises that one of the basic features of consciousness is its MultiModality, that there are possibilities to model this with contemporary technology, and that cross-cultural commonalities in the experience of, and creativity within, the various modalities are significant. With the advent of Intelligent MultiMedia this aspect of consciousness implementation in mind/brain acquires new significance. (Series B)
Book Synopsis Languages of Sentiment by : Gary B. Palmer
Download or read book Languages of Sentiment written by Gary B. Palmer and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working from Radcliffe-Brown's landmark concept of social sentiments, anthropologists and linguists examine pragmatic and cognitive dimensions of emotion-language in several societies. Introductory and concluding chapters devote special attention to emotional consciousness. Chapters cover language primordialism in Tamil (Harold Schiffman), the erasure of lamentation in Bangla in favor of referential language praxis (James Wilce), women's discourse in Java that creates dignity by reframing the pain of humiliation (Laine Berman), speech styles signalling intimacy and remoteness in Japanese (Cynthia Dunn), divergent conceptions of love in Japanese and translated American romance novels (Janet Shibamoto-Smith), the syntax of emotion-mimetics in Japanese (Debra Occhi), the grammar of emotion-metaphors in Tagalog (Gary Palmer, Heather Bennett and Lester Stacey), and the lexical organization of emotions in the English and Spanish of second language learners (Howard Grabois). Zoltán Kövecses (with Palmer) examines the complementary relationship of social construction theory to the search for universals of emotional experience. (Series B)
Book Synopsis Handbook of Pragmatics by : Jan-Ola Östman
Download or read book Handbook of Pragmatics written by Jan-Ola Östman and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2007 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This encyclopaedia of one of the major fields of language studies is a continuously updated source of state-of-the-art information for anyone interested in language use. The IPrA Handbook now contains nearly 5,000 pages. It provides easy access for scholars with widely divergent backgrounds but with convergent interests in the use and functioning of language to the different topics, traditions and methods which together make up the field of Pragmatics, broadly conceived as the cognitive, social and cultural study of language and communication. The Handbook of Pragmatics is a unique reference work for researchers: the main body of the Handbook is produced in loose-leaf format in 3-ring binders and is accompanied by the bound Manual. The loose-leaf Handbook forms the basis of the Handbook proper giving an overview of the subfields, traditions, methodologies and concepts of Pragmatics. The Handbook is used as a basis for the online version: the Handbook of Pragmatics Online has been expanded and revised annually since 2003. Future versions will add further records and will include updates, rewritings and extensive revisions of already existing records. The Handbook of Pragmatics Online is available from www.benjamins.com/online with a free 90-day trial. The Handbook is also available in combination with the Bibliography of Pragmatics Online at a discounted rate. SPECIAL OFFER: 30% discount for a complete set order (Manual + Installments 1995-2009).
Book Synopsis Thought-based Linguistics by : Wallace Chafe
Download or read book Thought-based Linguistics written by Wallace Chafe and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The extent to which language is inseparable from thought has long been a major subject of debate across linguistics, psychology, philosophy and other disciplines. In this study, Wallace Chafe presents a thought-based theory of language that goes beyond traditional views that semantics, syntax, and sounds are sufficient to account for language design. Language begins with thoughts in the mind of a speaker and ends by affecting thoughts in the mind of a listener. This obvious observation is seldom incorporated in descriptions of language design for two major reasons. First, the role of thought is usually usurped by semantics. But semantic structures are imposed on thought by languages and differ from one language to another. Second, thought does not lend itself to familiar methods of linguistic analysis. Chafe suggests ways of describing thoughts, traces the path languages follow from thoughts to sounds, and explores ways in which thoughts are oriented in time, memory, imagination, reality, and emotions.
