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Laboratory Study Of Geosynthetic Clay Liner Shrinkage When Subjected To Wet Dry Cycles
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Book Synopsis Laboratory Study of Geosynthetic Clay Liner Shrinkage when Subjected to Wet/dry Cycles by :
Download or read book Laboratory Study of Geosynthetic Clay Liner Shrinkage when Subjected to Wet/dry Cycles written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geosynthetic Clay Liners (or GCLs) are often used in conjunction with a geomembrane for landfills and heap-leach pads, where their function is to minimize leakage that may occur through holes in the geomembrane. GCLs are installed with overlapping panels and powdered bentonite placed between the overlaps to provide a better seal. Recent field exhumations of GCLs installed beneath a geomembrane left exposed to solar radiation have shown panel shrinkage; in some cases, this shrinkage was enough to leave exposed areas unprotected by the GCL. One hypothesized cause of this shrinkage is cyclic wetting and drying of the GCL. To investigate the hypothesis that wet/dry cycles have the potential to cause irrevocable shrinkage of GCL panels, a total of 8 different products were tested under idealised conditions in the laboratory. Shrinkage was measured using both hand measurements and digital image correlation techniques. A number of variables were tested for their effects on panel shrinkage, including mass per unit area, size and aspect ratio, restraint, moisture content and wetting conditions, and GCL type. Wet/dry cycles were found to cause sufficient shrinkage to explain the shrinkage observed in all but one field case. The shrinkage of any particular product was found to be variable. In particular the shrinkage was found to be sensitive to the distribution of the mass of bentonite within a specimen with the highest shrinkage being observed when there was the greatest variability in mass distribution. It is shown that some GCL products are more prone to shrinkage than others. Consideration is also given to the potential effectiveness of heat-tacking of GCL seams to reduce panel shrinkage in the field. Specimens of GCL which had been heat-tacked in the field were tested under similar cyclic conditions as used in the abovementioned laboratory tests, and the shrinkage response noted. The results indicate that such a technique has promise as a method of inhibiting shrinkage o.
Book Synopsis Geosynthetic Clay Liners Shrinkage Under Simulated Daily Thermal Cycles by :
Download or read book Geosynthetic Clay Liners Shrinkage Under Simulated Daily Thermal Cycles written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geosynthetic clay liners are used as part of composite liner systems in municipal solid waste landfills and other applications to restrict the escape of contaminants into the surrounding environment. This is attainable provided that the geosynthetic clay liner panels continuously cover the subsoil. Previous case histories, however, have shown that some geosynthetic clay liner panels are prone to significant shrinkage and separation when an overlying geomembrane is exposed to solar radiation. Experimental models were initiated to evaluate the potential shrinkage of different geosynthetic clay liner products placed over sand and clay subsoils, subjected to simulated daily thermal cycles (60°C for 8 hours and 22°C for 16 hours) modelling field conditions in which the liner is exposed to solar radiation. The variation of geosynthetic clay liner shrinkage was evaluated at specified times by a photogrammetry technique. The manufacturing techniques, the initial moisture content, and the aspect ratio (ratio of length to width) of the geosynthetic clay liner were found to considerably affect the shrinkage of geosynthetic clay liners. The particle size distribution of the subsoil and the associated suction at the geosynthetic clay liner–subsoil interface was also found to have significant effects on the shrinkage of the geosynthetic clay liner.
Book Synopsis Factors Influencing Dimensional Stability of Multi-Component Geosynthetic Clay Liners by : Nazli Yesiller
Download or read book Factors Influencing Dimensional Stability of Multi-Component Geosynthetic Clay Liners written by Nazli Yesiller and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This investigation was conducted to determine the variations in the dimensions of multi-component geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs). Two GCLs were tested: a sample with a relatively smooth geofilm, and a sample with a textured geofilm. Discrete effects of cyclic wetting-drying, initial moisture content, overburden pressure, temperature, and underlying subgrade soil were determined. Coupled effects of underlying subgrade soil and climatic conditions were evaluated in an outdoor simulated field environment. Cyclic wetting and drying resulted in net shrinkage of GCLs, with shrinkage strains of 11 % and 4 % in the machine and cross-machine directions, respectively. Specimens with high initial moisture contents (75 % to 125 %) underwent more shrinkage in the early wet-dry cycles than those with low initial moisture (22 % to 50 %), however, the initial moisture had no significant effect on the ultimate shrinkage. In the machine direction, strains exceeded values that would cause panel separation in the field within the first two cycles, whereas at least seven cycles were required for panel separation strains in the cross-machine direction. Temperature effects alone did not result in significant shrinkage. Specimens placed on soil subgrades without wetting or drying underwent moisture changes however experienced less shrinkage than those subjected to wet-dry cycling. The GCLs underwent significant diurnal temperature variations (up to 55°C) outdoors. However, the shrinkage of these specimens was similar to that observed in the subgrade tests. The specimens with higher initial moisture contents underwent more dimensional change than the specimens at lower moistures. The type of geosynthetic in contact with the underlying soil influenced GCL-soil systems. Woven geotextile sides on soil subgrades resulted in high moisture transfer and shrinkage.
Book Synopsis Advances in Environmental Geotechnics by : Yunmin Chen
Download or read book Advances in Environmental Geotechnics written by Yunmin Chen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-04 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Advances in Environmental Geotechnics" presents the latest developments in this interdisciplinary field. The topics covered include basic and advanced theories for modeling of geoenvironmental phenomena, testing and monitoring for geoenvironmental engineering, municipal solid wastes and landfill engineering, sludge and dredged soils, geotechnical reuse of industrial wastes, contaminated land and remediation technology, applications of geosynthetics in geoenvironmental engineering, geoenvironmental risk assessment, management and sustainability, ecological techniques and case histories. This proceedings includes papers authored by core members of ISSMGE TC5 (International Society of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering---Environmental Geotechnics) and geoenvironmental researchers from more than 20 countries and regions. It is a valuable reference for geoenvironmental and geotechnical engineers as well as civil engineers. Yunmin Chen, Xiaowu Tang, and Liangtong Zhan are Professors at the Department of Civil Engineering of Zhejiang University, China.
Book Synopsis Multilevel Modeling of Secure Systems in QoP-ML by : Bogdan Księżopolski
Download or read book Multilevel Modeling of Secure Systems in QoP-ML written by Bogdan Księżopolski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-07-02 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducing the Quality of Protection Modeling Language (QoP-ML), this book provides for the abstraction of security systems while maintaining emphasis on the details of quality protection . It delineates the steps used in cryptographic protocol and introduces a multilevel protocol analysis that expands current understanding. Every operation defined by QoP-ML is described within parameters of security metrics, therefore evaluating the impact of the operation on the entire system's security.
Book Synopsis Geosynthetic Clay Liners by : Erwin Gartung
Download or read book Geosynthetic Clay Liners written by Erwin Gartung and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text, based on an international symposium held in 1994, covers geosynthetic clay liners (GCL), a type of geosynthetic material which blends natural soil and geosynthetics in the form of a composite barrier-system. Environmental applications have been a major use of GCL.
Book Synopsis Investigation of the Behavior of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Subjected to Thermal Gradients in Basal Liner Applications by : JM. Southen
Download or read book Investigation of the Behavior of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Subjected to Thermal Gradients in Basal Liner Applications written by JM. Southen and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composite liners comprised of geomembranes and geosynthetic clay liners can be an effective means of minimizing fluid flow and associated groundwater contamination from municipal solid waste landfills. There remains uncertainty, however, regarding the long-term performance of such systems under conditions of elevated temperature that may occur at the base of landfills attributable to exothermic waste degradation processes. The heat generated by these processes may lead to the development of a thermal gradient through the lining system that creates a risk of desiccation within the uppermost portion of the subsoil and the geosynthetic clay liner itself. To investigate this issue, a series of small-scale laboratory experiments were developed in an effort to simulate the hydraulic and thermal conditions existing at the base of a landfill. This paper presents the results of investigations into the influence of various parameters on the behavior of a composite liner. The distribution of temperature and water content over time is discussed, as well as potential impacts on the performance of the geosynthetic clay liner.
Book Synopsis Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers by : National Research Council
Download or read book Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-09-22 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: President Carter's 1980 declaration of a state of emergency at Love Canal, New York, recognized that residents' health had been affected by nearby chemical waste sites. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, enacted in 1976, ushered in a new era of waste management disposal designed to protect the public from harm. It required that modern waste containment systems use "engineered" barriers designed to isolate hazardous and toxic wastes and prevent them from seeping into the environment. These containment systems are now employed at thousands of waste sites around the United States, and their effectiveness must be continually monitored. Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers assesses the performance of waste containment barriers to date. Existing data suggest that waste containment systems with liners and covers, when constructed and maintained in accordance with current regulations, are performing well thus far. However, they have not been in existence long enough to assess long-term (postclosure) performance, which may extend for hundreds of years. The book makes recommendations on how to improve future assessments and increase confidence in predictions of barrier system performance which will be of interest to policy makers, environmental interest groups, industrial waste producers, and industrial waste management industry.
Book Synopsis Journal of Geotechnical Engineering by :
Download or read book Journal of Geotechnical Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Clay Geosynthetic Barriers by : H. Zanzinger
Download or read book Clay Geosynthetic Barriers written by H. Zanzinger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clay geosynthetic barriers are most frequently used in environmental areas, such as landfill cover systems. This work discusses the durability and lifetime aspects of clay geosynthetic barriers related to the synthetic yarns and fibres.
Book Synopsis ASTM Standardization News by : American Society for Testing and Materials
Download or read book ASTM Standardization News written by American Society for Testing and Materials and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design, Construction, and Evaluation of Clay Liners for Waste Management Facilities by : L. J. Goldman
Download or read book Design, Construction, and Evaluation of Clay Liners for Waste Management Facilities written by L. J. Goldman and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Chemistry of Soils by : Garrison Sposito
Download or read book The Chemistry of Soils written by Garrison Sposito and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A revised edition to the bestselling "The Chemistry of Soils" incorporating new research from the last eight years in the fields of environmental chemistry, ecosystem biogeochemistry, and scientific agriculture.
Book Synopsis Self-Healing Polymers by : Wolfgang H. Binder
Download or read book Self-Healing Polymers written by Wolfgang H. Binder and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-29 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-healing is a well-known phenomenon in nature: a broken bone merges after some time and if skin is damaged, the wound will stop bleeding and heals again. This concept can be mimicked in order to create polymeric materials with the ability to regenerate after they have suffered degradation or wear. Already realized applications are used in aerospace engineering, and current research in this fascinating field shows how different self-healing mechanisms proven successful by nature can be adapted to produce even more versatile materials. The book combines the knowledge of an international panel of experts in the field and provides the reader with chemical and physical concepts for self-healing polymers, including aspects of biomimetic processes of healing in nature. It shows how to design self-healing polymers and explains the dynamics in these systems. Different self-healing concepts such as encapsulated systems and supramolecular systems are detailed. Chapters on analysis and friction detection in self-healing polymers and on applications round off the book.
Book Synopsis Geotechnical Investigations and Improvement of Ground Conditions by : Anjan Patel
Download or read book Geotechnical Investigations and Improvement of Ground Conditions written by Anjan Patel and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geotechnical Investigation and Improvement of Ground Conditions covers practical information on ground improvement and site investigation, considering rock properties and engineering geology and its relation to construction. The book covers geotechnical investigation for construction projects, including classic case studies with geotechnical significance. Additional sections cover soil compaction, soil stabilization, drainage and dewatering, grouting methods, the stone column method, geotextiles, fabrics and earth reinforcement, miscellaneous methods and tools for ground improvement, geotechnical investigation for construction projects, and forensic geotechnical engineering. Final sections present a series of site-specific case studies. Dedicated to ground improvement techniques and geotechnical site investigation Provides practical guidance on site-specific geotechnical investigation and the subsequent interpretation of data Presents site-specific case studies with geotechnical significance Includes site investigation of soils and rocks Gives field-oriented information and guidance
Book Synopsis Geotechnical Practice for Waste Disposal by : D.E. Daniel
Download or read book Geotechnical Practice for Waste Disposal written by D.E. Daniel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth scientists and geotechnical engineers are increasingly challenged to solve environmental problems related to waste disposal facilities and cleanup of contaminated sites. The effort has given rise to a new discipline of specialists in the field of environmental geotechnology. To be effective, environmental geotechnologists must not only be armed with the traditional knowledge of fields such as geology and civil engineering, but also be knowledgeable of principles of hydrogeology, chemistry, and biological processes. In addition, the environmental geotechnologist must be completely up to date on the often complex cadre of local and national regulations, must comprehend the often complex legal issues and sometimes mind-boggling financial impli cations of a project, and must be able to communicate effectively with a host of other technical specialists, regulatory officials, attorneys, local land owners, journalists, and others. The field of environmental geo technology will no doubt continue to offer unique challenges. The purpose of this book is to summarize the current state of practice in the field of environmental geotechnology. Part One covers broadly applicable principles such as hydrogeology, geochemistry, and con taminant transport in soil and rock. Part Two describes in detail the underlying principles for design and construction of new waste disposal facilities. Part Three covers techniques for site remediation. Finally, Part Four addresses the methodologies for monitoring. The topics of 'waste disposal' and 'site remediation' are extra ordinarily broad.
Book Synopsis Foundations on Expansive Soils by : Fu Hua Chen
Download or read book Foundations on Expansive Soils written by Fu Hua Chen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foundations on Expansive Soils provides the practicing engineer with a summary of the state-of-the-art of expansive soils and practical solutions based on the author's experience. The book is organized into two parts. Part I deals with theory and practice, and summarizes some of the theoretical physical properties of expansive soils. It also discusses various techniques employed to found structures on expansive soils such as drilled pier foundation, mat foundation, moisture control, soil replacement, and chemical stabilization. Topics covered include the origin, mineralogical composition, and the basic structure of expansive soils; the migration of water, swelling potential, and swelling pressure; site investigations and laboratory testing; moisture control; and soil stabilization. Part II presents case studies on the following: distress caused by pier uplift; distress caused by the improper design and construction of a drilled pier foundation system; distress caused by heaving of footing pad and floor slab; distress caused by heaving of continuous footings; and distress caused by a rise of ground water.
