Labor Market Effects Of Long Term Contracts Imports And Offshoring

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Labor Market Effects of Long-term Contracts, Imports and Offshoring

Author : J. Bradford Rice
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Labor Market Effects of Long-term Contracts, Imports and Offshoring by : J. Bradford Rice

Download or read book Labor Market Effects of Long-term Contracts, Imports and Offshoring written by J. Bradford Rice and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Over the last several decades, the scale and scope of modern business have undergone significant change. As a result of increased geographic integration, firms face the constant struggle of finding innovative ways to retain comparative advantages. Workers also face a changing environment; increased cross-border activity results in heightened anxiety as products continue to be imported, services become "offshorable" to other nations, and as domestic firms begin to alter the nature of contract design, placing a larger burden of risk on the employee. This dissertation examines several key elements in contemporary labor economics. In Chapter 1, I analyze the U.S. apparel-manufacturing industry. Since 1970, the industry's employment has fallen more than any other manufacturing sector. Despite this industry-wide decline in employment, the geographic variation in the rate of decline has been quite large. I exploit this variation to determine the principal factors associated with maintaining industry employment. According to several studies, 40% of the U.S. workforce is at risk of losing its job to offshoring. These results are speculative, however, because gaps in technology and education have prevented many "potentially offshorable" jobs from becoming actually offshored. In Chapter 2, I develop a more concrete estimate by examining the pattern of interstate employment trends, within the United States. I then extend the analysis to make a more precise forecast of the expected magnitude of employment change when offshoring services internationally. In Chapter 3, I examine the core contractual relationship between the employee and employer. Using data from a panel of National Basketball Association players, I estimate that effort-related productivity increases nonlinearly, by as much as 10% per year towards the end of a fixed-term contract. In spite of these adverse effort effects, the model lends a sound economic justification for the existence of multi-period contracts: with uncertain output, contracts act as insurance for the worker and, in return for bearing some of the risk, firms can benefit by paying a lower wage. The results have implications for determining the optimal contract length in changing contemporary labor markets.

Service Offshoring, Productivity, and Employment

Author : Mary Amiti
Publisher : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
ISBN 13 : 9781451862577
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Service Offshoring, Productivity, and Employment by : Mary Amiti

Download or read book Service Offshoring, Productivity, and Employment written by Mary Amiti and published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. This book was released on 2005-12-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper estimates the effects of offshoring on productivity in U.S. manufacturing industries between 1992 and 2000, using instrumental variables estimation to address the potential endogeneity of offshoring. It finds that service offshoring has a significant positive effect on productivity in the US, accounting for around 11 percent of productivity growth during this period. Offshoring material inputs also has a positive effect on productivity, but the magnitude is smaller accounting for approximately 5 percent of productivity growth. There is a small negative effect of less than half a percent on employment when industries are finely disaggregated (450 manufacturing industries). However, this affect disappears at more aggregate industry level of 96 industries indicating that there is sufficient growth in demand in other industries within these broadly defined classifications to offset any negative effects.

Offshoring and Labor Markets

Author : David Hummels
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (944 download)

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Book Synopsis Offshoring and Labor Markets by : David Hummels

Download or read book Offshoring and Labor Markets written by David Hummels and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We survey the recent empirical literature on the effects of offshoring on wages, employment and displacement. We start with the measurement of offshoring, focusing on the use of imported inputs that could have been produced by the importing firm. We overview key theories related to offshoring and its labor market effects and survey three waves of the literature on wage effects of offshoring: those using industry data, firm data, and worker data. For each wave we highlight the identification strategies used, critically assess strengths and weaknesses, discuss connections with theory, and draw out potential policy implications of its findings. Closely related, we address a new literature that looks at the differential impact of offshoring across occupations. Finally, we survey the literature that examines how offshoring affects employment and displacement. We highlight the recent development of a novel cohort-based approach that is specifically designed to address selection with displacement and capable of identifying the overall effects of offshoring, including wage changes, displacement, and other types of transitions.

The Factory-free Economy

Author : Lionel Fontagné
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019877916X
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Factory-free Economy by : Lionel Fontagné

Download or read book The Factory-free Economy written by Lionel Fontagné and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An economic analysis of de-industrialization that considers the ongoing transformation of the industrial economies and the consequences for economic policy.

Offshoring and Employment Trends and Impacts

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264030948
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Offshoring and Employment Trends and Impacts by : OECD

Download or read book Offshoring and Employment Trends and Impacts written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2007-07-13 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report defines offshoring in detail, describes the wide-ranging effects that offshoring can have on employment both positively and negatively, and outlines the policy implications, suggesting ways to limit the downside of offshoring while building trust among stakeholders.

Offshoring and the Internationalization of Employment

Author : Peter Auer
Publisher : International Labour Organization
ISBN 13 : 9789290147831
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (478 download)

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Book Synopsis Offshoring and the Internationalization of Employment by : Peter Auer

Download or read book Offshoring and the Internationalization of Employment written by Peter Auer and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papers examines key trends in the internationalisation of employment, drawing on the proceedings of an ILO conference held in Annecy, France in April 2005. The papers focus on three related issues: the impacts of trade and investment abroad, including the offshoring of production of goods and services, and effects on the winners and losers in terms of employment; adjustment methods for coping with the short and medium term problems related to the globalisation of employment; and the importance of international instruments to help ensure a level playing field in trade and promote development, drawing on established rights and international labour standards.

The New Offshoring of Jobs and Global Development

Author : Gary Gereffi
Publisher : International Labour Organization
ISBN 13 : 9789290148050
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Offshoring of Jobs and Global Development by : Gary Gereffi

Download or read book The New Offshoring of Jobs and Global Development written by Gary Gereffi and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the 7th ILO Social Policy Lectures, which are endowed with the ILO's Nobel Peace Prize, held in Kingston, Jamaica in December 2005. In keeping with the topics covered in the lecture series, it uses the global value chains perspective to look at how offshore outsourcing has affected the quantity and quality of jobs in the global economy. While offering an overview of the contemporary global labour market, the book examines the issue of global consolidation and industrial upgrading and its promise and perils for development. It introduces an analytical framework for linking jobs in the industrial structures of both advanced and developing economies through the dynamics of global value chains. It reviews the strategies of leading firms global retailers, branded marketers, and brand-name manufacturers and considers the conceptualisation of jobs in the global economy not by their location in particular industries or countries, but by their role in global value chains.The author argues that, given the special features of global value chains, there is a need to reconsider the contemporary notions of global corporate social responsibility and private as well as public governance

The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309444454
Total Pages : 643 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-07-13 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration finds that the long-term impact of immigration on the wages and employment of native-born workers overall is very small, and that any negative impacts are most likely to be found for prior immigrants or native-born high school dropouts. First-generation immigrants are more costly to governments than are the native-born, but the second generation are among the strongest fiscal and economic contributors in the U.S. This report concludes that immigration has an overall positive impact on long-run economic growth in the U.S. More than 40 million people living in the United States were born in other countries, and almost an equal number have at least one foreign-born parent. Together, the first generation (foreign-born) and second generation (children of the foreign-born) comprise almost one in four Americans. It comes as little surprise, then, that many U.S. residents view immigration as a major policy issue facing the nation. Not only does immigration affect the environment in which everyone lives, learns, and works, but it also interacts with nearly every policy area of concern, from jobs and the economy, education, and health care, to federal, state, and local government budgets. The changing patterns of immigration and the evolving consequences for American society, institutions, and the economy continue to fuel public policy debate that plays out at the national, state, and local levels. The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration assesses the impact of dynamic immigration processes on economic and fiscal outcomes for the United States, a major destination of world population movements. This report will be a fundamental resource for policy makers and law makers at the federal, state, and local levels but extends to the general public, nongovernmental organizations, the business community, educational institutions, and the research community.

Handbook of Industry Studies and Economic Geography

Author : Frank Giarratani
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1782549005
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (825 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Industry Studies and Economic Geography by : Frank Giarratani

Download or read book Handbook of Industry Studies and Economic Geography written by Frank Giarratani and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-12-27 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique Handbook examines the impacts on, and responses to, economic geography explicitly from the perspective of the behaviour, mechanics, systems and experiences of different firms in various types of industries. The industry studies approach all

Employment Protection Deregulation and Labor Shares in Advanced Economies

Author : Gabriele Ciminelli
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484373723
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Employment Protection Deregulation and Labor Shares in Advanced Economies by : Gabriele Ciminelli

Download or read book Employment Protection Deregulation and Labor Shares in Advanced Economies written by Gabriele Ciminelli and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-08-16 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labor market deregulation, intended to boost productivity and employment, is one plausible, yet little studied, driver of the decline in labor shares that took place across most advanced economies since the early 1990s. This paper assesses the impact of job protection deregulation in a sample of 26 advanced economies over the period 1970-2015, using a newly constructed dataset of major reforms to employment protection legislation for regular contracts. We apply the local projection method to estimate the dynamic response of the labor share to our reform events at both the country and the country-industry levels. For the latter, we employ a differences-in-differences identification strategy using two identifying assumptions grounded in theory—namely that job protection deregulation should have larger negative effects in industries characterized by (i) a higher “natural” propensity to adjust the workforce, and (ii) a lower elasticity of substitution between capital and labor. We find a statistically significant, economically large and robust negative effect of deregulation on the labor share. In particular, illustrative back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest that job protection deregulation may have contributed about 15 percent to the average labor share decline in advanced economies. Together with existing evidence regarding the macroeconomic gains from job protection and other labor market reforms, our results also point to the need for policymakers to address efficiency-equity trade-offs when designing such reforms.

Global Goliaths

Author : James R. Hines
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815738560
Total Pages : 585 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Goliaths by : James R. Hines

Download or read book Global Goliaths written by James R. Hines and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-04-20 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How multinationals contribute, or don't, to global prosperity Globalization and multinational corporations have long seemed partners in the enterprise of economic growth: globalization-led prosperity was the goal, and giant corporations spanning the globe would help achieve it. In recent years, however, the notion that all economies, both developed and developing, can prosper from globalization has been called into question by political figures and has fueled a populist backlash around the world against globalization and the corporations that made it possible. In an effort to elevate the sometimes contentious public debate over the conduct and operation of multinational corporations, this edited volume examines key questions about their role, both in their home countries and in the rest of the world where they do business. Is their multinational nature an essential driver of their profits? Do U.S. and European multinationals contribute to home country employment? Do multinational firms exploit foreign workers? How do multinationals influence foreign policy? How will the rise of the digital economy and digital trade in services affect multinationals? In addressing these and similar questions, the book also examines the role that multinational corporations play in the outcomes that policymakers care about most: economic growth, jobs, inequality, and tax fairness.

Growth in services outsourcing to India propellant or drain on the U.S. economy?

Author : William Greene
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428957723
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Growth in services outsourcing to India propellant or drain on the U.S. economy? by : William Greene

Download or read book Growth in services outsourcing to India propellant or drain on the U.S. economy? written by William Greene and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Internationalization of Japanese Firms

Author : Ryuhei Wakasugi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 4431545328
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Internationalization of Japanese Firms by : Ryuhei Wakasugi

Download or read book Internationalization of Japanese Firms written by Ryuhei Wakasugi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-03-10 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes a comprehensive look at Japanese firms engaging in export and foreign direct investment (FDI) and develops new methods and data to investigate the internationalization of firms, which is a focus issue in international trade. Using micro-level data, the book provides an introduction to theoretical and statistical analysis of internationalization modes of Japanese firms with productivity heterogeneity. It makes clear that although the productivity of internationalized Japanese firms is higher on average than that of firms serving only the domestic market, the difference in productivity between exporters and FDI firms is not as obvious in comparison with that of their counterparts in the United States and Europe. Focusing on this point, the book analyzes not only productivity heterogeneity among firms, but also the differences in firm-specific factors other than productivity: industry-specific factors, market-specific factors such as market size and variable and fixed costs for export, and FDI in destination countries. This in-depth investigation reveals how those factors make the modes of Japanese firms’ internationalization different from those in the United States and Europe. Further analysis focuses on the effects of match quality, organizational and institutional factors in the market on firms’ exports, and FDI. As an approach to the current trends in international trade, this book is unique in using detailed firm-level panel data drawn from Japanese government statistics.

Dissertation Abstracts International

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 672 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

OECD Employment Outlook 2019 The Future of Work

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264497005
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (644 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Employment Outlook 2019 The Future of Work by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Employment Outlook 2019 The Future of Work written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-04-25 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2019 edition of the OECD Employment Outlook presents new evidence on changes in job stability, underemployment and the share of well-paid jobs, and discusses the policy implications of these changes with respect to how technology, globalisation, population ageing, and other megatrends are transforming the labour market in OECD countries.

Offshoring in the Global Economy

Author : Robert C. Feenstra
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262013835
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Offshoring in the Global Economy by : Robert C. Feenstra

Download or read book Offshoring in the Global Economy written by Robert C. Feenstra and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feenstra first contrasts the views of trade economists Paul Krugman and Edward Leamer, who both relied (to different ends) on the Heckscher-Ohlin model. He then examines the new type of trade model whereby the production processes transfer across countries.

Exports to Jobs

Author : Erhan Artuc
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464812497
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Exports to Jobs by : Erhan Artuc

Download or read book Exports to Jobs written by Erhan Artuc and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-02-25 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Asia has grown rapidly with significant reductions in poverty, but it has not been able to match the fast-growing working age population, leading to lingering concerns about jobless growth and poor job quality. Could export growth in South Asia result in better labor market outcomes? The answer is yes, according to our study, which rigorously estimates—using a new methodology—the potential impact from higher South Asian exports per worker on wages and employment over a 10-year period. Our study shows the positive side of trade. It finds that increasing exports per worker would result in higher wages—mainly for better-off groups, like more educated workers, males, and more-experienced workers—although less-skilled workers would see the largest reduction in informality. How can the benefits be spread more widely? Our study suggests that scaling up exports in labor-intensive industries could significantly lower informality for groups like rural and less-educated workers in the region. Also, increasing skills, and participation of women and young workers in the labor force could make an even bigger dent in informal employment. The region could achieve these gains by: (i) boosting and connecting exports to people (e.g., removing trade barriers and investment in infrastructure); (ii) eliminating distortions in production (e.g., by more efficient allocation of inputs); and (iii) protecting workers (e.g., by investing in education and skills).