La Conferenza di Helsinki e le conseguenze sull'Europa centro-orientale

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Author :
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis La Conferenza di Helsinki e le conseguenze sull'Europa centro-orientale by : Gaetano Vacca

Download or read book La Conferenza di Helsinki e le conseguenze sull'Europa centro-orientale written by Gaetano Vacca and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La seconda guerra mondiale si era conclusa senza che un trattato internazionale riconoscesse le frontiere appena delineate in Europa dall'occupazione territoriale delle forze armate. Tale occupazione aveva determinato un nuovo ordine mondiale basato sulla bipolarizzazione Stati Uniti-Unione Sovietica e sulla divisione in zone di influenza politiche, economiche e militari già prima che la vera e propria "guerra fredda" fosse ufficialmente iniziata. La situazione dell'Europa alla fine della Seconda guerra mondiale era completamente diversa da quello che si sarebbe potuto immaginare negli anni precedenti allo scoppio del conflitto. L'Europa stava perdendo, per la prima volta nella storia, sia la sua centralità politica che quella economica nello scenario geopolitico globale che si andava delineando. A livello geografico, i confini di molti dei suoi Stati venivano completamente ridisegnati da nuovi attori politici che poco o niente avevano a che fare con il continente europeo. Lo spostamento ad Occidente della Polonia e la divisione della Germania in quattro zone distinte (successivamente ridotte a due) furono solo gli effetti più eclatanti del nuovo ordine europeo dettato dalle due superpotenze. La massiccia presenza militare sovietica su tutto il territorio dell'Europa orientale condizionava pesantemente la vita di interi Paesi e di intere popolazioni, favorendo la più o meno graduale imposizione di governi e regimi apparentemente autonomi ma, in realtà, nominati e gestiti direttamente da Mosca. L'espansione senza precedenti della presenza militare stanziale dell'Unione Sovietica sui territori di altri Stati europei era stata largamente prevista dalle cancellerie occidentali già verso la seconda metà del conflitto. Quello che non poteva essere calcolato con precisione era l'entità di tale presenza militare e, soprattutto, la sua durata temporale. Conoscendo i disegni di Stalin, per le cancellerie occidentali non fu difficile rassegnarsi alla perdita di buona parte dell'Europa centro-orientale nell'ottica della sconfitta immediata di Hitler e del nazifascismo europeo, impossibile senza l'intervento delle truppe sovietiche. La decisione di non ritirare dai territori europei le truppe dell'Armata Rossa alla fine della guerra rispondeva ad un disegno preciso di Stalin che puntava apertamente ad estendere il "modello sovietico" sui governi postbellici d'Europa. Il modo in cui tale influenza fu perseguita non lascia alcun dubbio sulla volontà di richiedere un "bottino di guerra" agli Stati liberati dai nazisti. Il risultato di quella strategia politica sovietica fu l'imposizione di governi nazionali vicini a Mosca. L'Occidente non tardò a rispondere con una nuova strategia che, con la creazione dell'Alleanza Atlantica (NATO), arginava il pericolo di un'invasione sovietica nel cuore dell'Europa. Con la creazione della Nato calava definitivamente fra le due Europe un'impenetrabile «cortina di ferro» di cui nessuno avrebbe potuto prevedere la fine. Dopo la morte di Stalin, in una prospettiva di reazione alla NATO, i sovietici avevano iniziato a proporre a Stati Uniti, Gran Bretagna e Francia (i tre Grandi occidentali) un «reciproco accordo» tra tutti i Paesi europei per garantire la sicurezza dell'Europa e della sua popolazione. Quella proposta venne ripetuta e modulata in ogni tono, sempre incontrando il rifiuto degli occidentali, ai quali l'esperienza aveva insegnato che i regimi sovietici cercavano la sicurezza solo nella lotta per la distruzione del potere rivale, considerando il compromesso politico come una tappa necessaria, ma, comunque, sempre provvisoria.

Making the Social World

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199745862
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Making the Social World by : John Searle

Download or read book Making the Social World written by John Searle and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-12 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are few more important philosophers at work today than John Searle, a creative and contentious thinker who has shaped the way we think about mind and language. Now he offers a profound understanding of how we create a social reality--a reality of money, property, governments, marriages, stock markets and cocktail parties. The paradox he addresses in Making the Social World is that these facts only exist because we think they exist and yet they have an objective existence. Continuing a line of investigation begun in his earlier book The Construction of Social Reality, Searle identifies the precise role of language in the creation of all "institutional facts." His aim is to show how mind, language and civilization are natural products of the basic facts of the physical world described by physics, chemistry and biology. Searle explains how a single linguistic operation, repeated over and over, is used to create and maintain the elaborate structures of human social institutions. These institutions serve to create and distribute power relations that are pervasive and often invisible. These power relations motivate human actions in a way that provides the glue that holds human civilization together. Searle then applies the account to show how it relates to human rationality, the freedom of the will, the nature of political power and the existence of universal human rights. In the course of his explication, he asks whether robots can have institutions, why the threat of force so often lies behind institutions, and he denies that there can be such a thing as a "state of nature" for language-using human beings.

The Russian Officer Corps of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars

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Author :
Publisher : Savas Beatie
ISBN 13 : 161121002X
Total Pages : 549 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis The Russian Officer Corps of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars by : Alexander Mikaberidze

Download or read book The Russian Officer Corps of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars written by Alexander Mikaberidze and published by Savas Beatie. This book was released on 2005-01-19 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Russian Officer Corps of The Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, 1795–1815 features more than 800 detailed biographies of the commanders of that era. Foreword by Professor Donald H. Horward, Institute on Napoleon and the French Revolution, Florida State University Based upon years of research in Russian archives, historian Alexander Mikaberidze’s biographies include the subject’s place of birth, family history, educational background, a detailed description of his military service, his awards and promotions, wounds, transfers, commands, and other related information, including the date and place of his death and internment, if known. In addition, an introductory chapter presents in meticulous detail the organization of the Russian military, how it was trained, the educational and cultural background of the officer corps, its awards and their history and meaning, and much more. This outstanding overview is supported and enhanced by three dozen charts, tables, and graphics that illustrate the rich history of the Russian officer corps. This study also includes an annotated bibliography to help guide students of the period through the available Russian sources. Stunning in its scope and depth of coverage, The Russian Officer Corps is essential reading for historians, scholars, genealogists, hobbyists, war gamers, and anyone working or studying late eighteenth and early nineteenth-century European history. Every student of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as well as every academic library, will find this impressive reference work of this momentous period of history absolutely indispensable.

Brodsky

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Publisher : Baskerville Publishers, Inc.
ISBN 13 : 9781880909706
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Brodsky by : Людмила Штерн

Download or read book Brodsky written by Людмила Штерн and published by Baskerville Publishers, Inc.. This book was released on 2004 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brodsky was a friend of the author's family and confided his thoughts and feelings to her, as well as poetry in progress, over more than thirty years both before and after their emigration. Includes never before published poems and numerous photographs.

New Hollywood Violence

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Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780719067235
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (672 download)

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Book Synopsis New Hollywood Violence by : Steven Jay Schneider

Download or read book New Hollywood Violence written by Steven Jay Schneider and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2004-11-27 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the depiction of violence and related issues in Hollywood productions, this book focuses on the motivations and cultural politics of violence on the big screen, as well as its effects on viewers and society as a whole.

Globalization and Regionalization

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780789005137
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Globalization and Regionalization by : Peter J. Buckley

Download or read book Globalization and Regionalization written by Peter J. Buckley and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization and Regionalization: Strategies, Policies, and Their Economic Environment puts you on top of the world, with the big picture of global trade and rapid business internationalization at your feet. You’ll see how the two opposing market forces, globalization and regionalization, have created a new international trade environment. In addition, you’ll see how the recent upsurge in preferential trading arrangements, the new technologies adapted by firms, and the foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade policies of countries and blocs have combined to dramatically change how and why international business is conducted. Globalization and Regionalization is just what it says it is--a guide to understanding the strategies and policies that countries and firms employ to prosper in an international business environment in which globalization and regionalization seem to act as opposing forces. In this unique volume, you’ll discover how some of the top competing business scholars in the world see the way that regionalization and globalization can function as complements to each other, actually becoming the building blocks that lead to global strategies. Specifically, this book gives you world-class information about: how to evaluate trade creation and trade diversion at the country level the dynamics of optimal entry strategy for multinational enterprises (MNEs) the effects of differences between countries’competition policies on cross border mergers and acquisitions the internationalization of services through international banking strategy how an open door policy allows China to play an important role in the recrudescence of globalization Vietnam as host to foreign business activity Globalization and Regionalization is the collective and international result of the World Conference on Globalization and Regionalization at the University of Paris I Pantheon-Sorbonne. If you’re an educator, international business director, scholar of international studies, or entrepreneur, you’ll definitely want to get the information that was presented at this important international venue. Overall, this collection will give you a clearer picture of the current direction of international trade in today’s rapidly shifting and progressive global trade environment.

On Grief and Reason

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Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 0374525099
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (745 download)

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Book Synopsis On Grief and Reason by : Joseph Brodsky

Download or read book On Grief and Reason written by Joseph Brodsky and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 1995 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "On Grief and Reason c"ollects the essays Joseph Brodsky wrote between his reception of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1987 and his death in January 1996. The volume includes his Nobel lecture; essays on the condition of exile, the nature of history, the art of reading, and the notion of the poet as an inveterate DonGiovanni; his "Immodest Proposal" for the future of poetry, written when he was serving as Poet Laureate of the United States; a consideration of the poetry of Robert Frost; Brodsky's searching estimations of Hardy, Horace, and Rilke; and an affecting memoir of Stephen Spender.

French Volunteers of the Waffen-SS

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Publisher : Merriam Press
ISBN 13 : 1576382753
Total Pages : 572 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (763 download)

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Book Synopsis French Volunteers of the Waffen-SS by :

Download or read book French Volunteers of the Waffen-SS written by and published by Merriam Press. This book was released on with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Ego and His Own

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Ego and His Own by : Max Stirner

Download or read book The Ego and His Own written by Max Stirner and published by . This book was released on 1907 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ego and His Own by Steven Tracy Byington Max Stirner, first published in 1907, is a rare manuscript, the original residing in one of the great libraries of the world. This book is a reproduction of that original, which has been scanned and cleaned by state-of-the-art publishing tools for better readability and enhanced appreciation. Restoration Editors' mission is to bring long out of print manuscripts back to life. Some smudges, annotations or unclear text may still exist, due to permanent damage to the original work. We believe the literary significance of the text justifies offering this reproduction, allowing a new generation to appreciate it.

The Aesthetics of Murder

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Aesthetics of Murder by : Joel Black

Download or read book The Aesthetics of Murder written by Joel Black and published by . This book was released on 1991-09 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "What connects the Romantic essays of Thomas De Quincey and the violent cinema of Brian De Palma? Or the "beautiful" suicides of Hedda Gabler and Yukio Mishima? Or the shootings of John Lennon and Ronald Reagan? In The Aesthetics of Murder, Joel Black explores the sometimes gruesome interplay between life and art, between actual violence and images of violence in a variety of literary texts, paintings, and films. Rather than exclude murder from critical consideration by dismissing it as a crime, Black urges us to ponder the killer's artistic role -- and our own experience as audience, witness, or voyeur. Black examines murder as a recurring, obsessive theme in the Romantic tradition, approaching the subject from an aesthetic rather than a moral, psychological, or philosophical perspective. And he brings into his discussion contemporary instances of sensational murders and assassinations, treating these as mimetic or cathartic activities in their own right. Combining historical documentation with theoretical insights, Black shows that the possibilities of representing violence -- and of experiencing it -- as art were recognized early in the nineteenth century as logical extensions of Romantic theories of the sublime. Since then, both traditional art forms and the modern mass media have contributed to the growing aestheticization of daily experience -- including murder, suicide, and terrorism." -- Book cover.

Budapest

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Publisher : Merriam Press
ISBN 13 : 1576381293
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (763 download)

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Book Synopsis Budapest by : Richard Landwehr

Download or read book Budapest written by Richard Landwehr and published by Merriam Press. This book was released on 1998-05 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Killing for Culture

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Killing for Culture by : David Kerekes

Download or read book Killing for Culture written by David Kerekes and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Germanic Isle

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521782654
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (826 download)

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Book Synopsis The Germanic Isle by : Gerwin Strobl

Download or read book The Germanic Isle written by Gerwin Strobl and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-10-26 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An account of Nazi preoccupation with Britain as a role model, even during the war.

Enquiry Concerning Political Justice, and Its Influence on Morals and Happiness

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Enquiry Concerning Political Justice, and Its Influence on Morals and Happiness by : William Godwin

Download or read book Enquiry Concerning Political Justice, and Its Influence on Morals and Happiness written by William Godwin and published by . This book was released on 1798 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Inhumanities

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139560859
Total Pages : 946 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (395 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhumanities by : David B. Dennis

Download or read book Inhumanities written by David B. Dennis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-14 with total page 946 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhumanities is an unprecedented account of the ways Nazi Germany manipulated and mobilized European literature, philosophy, painting, sculpture and music in support of its ideological ends. David B. Dennis shows how, based on belief that the Third Reich represented the culmination of Western civilization, culture became a key propaganda tool in the regime's program of national renewal and its campaign against political, national and racial enemies. Focusing on the daily output of the Völkischer Beobachter, the party's official organ and the most widely circulating German newspaper of the day, he reveals how activists twisted history, biography and aesthetics to fit Nazism's authoritarian, militaristic and anti-Semitic world views. Ranging from National Socialist coverage of Germans such as Luther, Dürer, Goethe, Beethoven, Wagner and Nietzsche to 'great men of the Nordic West' such as Socrates, Leonardo and Michelangelo, Dennis reveals the true extent of the regime's ambitious attempt to reshape the 'German mind'.

Rescue and Resistance

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Publisher : Macmillan Reference USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Rescue and Resistance by :

Download or read book Rescue and Resistance written by and published by Macmillan Reference USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Macmillan Profiles series is a collection of volumes featuring profiles of famous people, places and historical events. This text profiles heroes and activists of the Holocaust, including Elie Wiesel, Oskar Schindler, Simon Wiesenthal, Primo Levi, Anne Frank and Raoul Wallenberg, as well as soldiers, Partisans, ghetto leaders, diplomats and ordinary citizens who fought German aggression and risked their lives to save Jews.

Aryan Idols

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226028607
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Aryan Idols by : Stefan Arvidsson

Download or read book Aryan Idols written by Stefan Arvidsson and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2006-09-15 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critically examining the discourse of Indo-European scholarship over the past two hundred years, Aryan Idols demonstrates how the interconnected concepts of “Indo-European” and “Aryan” as ethnic categories have been shaped by, and used for, various ideologies. Stefan Arvidsson traces the evolution of the Aryan idea through the nineteenth century—from its roots in Bible-based classifications and William Jones’s discovery of commonalities among Sanskrit, Latin, and Greek to its use by scholars in fields such as archaeology, anthropology, folklore, comparative religion, and history. Along the way, Arvidsson maps out the changing ways in which Aryans were imagined and relates such shifts to social, historical, and political processes. Considering the developments of the twentieth century, Arvidsson focuses on the adoption of Indo-European scholarship (or pseudoscholarship) by the Nazis and by Fascist Catholics. A wide-ranging discussion of the intellectual history of the past two centuries, Aryan Idols links the pervasive idea of the Indo-European people to major scientific, philosophical, and political developments of the times, while raising important questions about the nature of scholarship as well.