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Kinetics Of Mn Based Sorbents For Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization Task 2 Exploratory Experimental Studies
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Book Synopsis Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization by :
Download or read book Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, the Morgantown Energy Technology Center, Department of Energy (DOE/METC) is actively investigating alternative hot fuel gas desulfurization sorbents for application to the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC). A sorbent must be highly active towards sulfur at high temperatures and pressures, and under varying degrees of reducing atmospheres. Also, it must regenerate nearly ideally to maintain activity over numerous cycles. Furthermore, regeneration must yield a sulfur product which is economically recoverable directly or indirectly. Several metal oxides have been investigated as regenerable sorbents for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (the primary sulfur bearing compound) from hot fuel gases. MnO was shown to have an intrinsic reaction rate approximately one order of magnitude greater than the rate or reaction with either CaO or ZnO and two orders of magnitude greater than the reaction rate with V203. Manganese also shows desulfurization potential in the temperature range of 600-700°C where metal oxides currently known to be reactive with H2S are unsatisfactorily. In response to stability difficulties of single and binary metal oxide sorbents, increasing effort is being directed towards incorporation of an inert component into sorbent formulation as witnessed by the various Zn-titanates. Primarily, the inert component increases pore structure integrity while stabilizing the active metal oxide against reduction. This report will address testing of Mn-based sorbents in an ambient pressure fixed-bed reactor. Steady-state H2S concentrations and breakthrough times will be presented.
Book Synopsis Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Task 2 -- Exploratory Experimental Studies by :
Download or read book Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Task 2 -- Exploratory Experimental Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, the Morgantown Energy Technology Center, is actively investigating alternative hot fuel gas desulfurization sorbents for application to the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC). A sorbent must be highly active towards sulfur at high temperatures and pressure's, and under varying degrees of reducing atmospheres. Thus, high conversion of the metal oxide and low hydrogen sulfide exit partial pressures. Also, it must regenerate nearly ideally to maintain activity over numerous cycles. Furthermore, regeneration must yield a sulfur product which is economically recoverable directly or indirectly. This cyclic process requires a holistic approach as any one criteria may eliminate a candidate sorbent from further consideration. Over fifty induration campaigns have been conducted among the fifteens Mn-based sorbent formulations. All indurated sorbents has been tested for crush strength and chemical analysis. Also, fifteen sorbent formulations have been tested in a TGA for at least on e induration condition. Subsequently described are the three main groups of formulations tested. They are the MnCO3 supported with TiO2 (with or without bentonite), MnCO3 supported with Al2O3 (with or without porosity enhancers), and MnO2 ore supported with alundum (with and without bentonite).
Book Synopsis Bemerkungen über den prüfenden Blick eines Vaterland liebenden Bürgers, etc by :
Download or read book Bemerkungen über den prüfenden Blick eines Vaterland liebenden Bürgers, etc written by and published by . This book was released on 1801 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Giglan. - (Titre :) L'Hystoire de Giglan filz de messire Gauvain qui fut roy de Galles et de Geoffroy de Maience son compaignon tous deux chevaliers de la table Ronde. Lesquelz feirent plusieurs et merveilleuses entreprinses... comme on pourra veoir en ce present livre, lequel a este nouvellement translate de langaige espaignol en nostre langaige francoys. - On les vend a Lyon en rue merchiere a l'enseigne de la Sphere cheu Gilles et Jaques Huguetan freres. - (A la fin :) Cy fine le livre de Giglan roy de Galles et de Geoffroy son compaignon, imprime nouvellement a Lyon, par Gilles et Jaques Huguetan frères le second jour de Juing, l'an de grace. Mil. VC.XXXIX. by :
Download or read book Giglan. - (Titre :) L'Hystoire de Giglan filz de messire Gauvain qui fut roy de Galles et de Geoffroy de Maience son compaignon tous deux chevaliers de la table Ronde. Lesquelz feirent plusieurs et merveilleuses entreprinses... comme on pourra veoir en ce present livre, lequel a este nouvellement translate de langaige espaignol en nostre langaige francoys. - On les vend a Lyon en rue merchiere a l'enseigne de la Sphere cheu Gilles et Jaques Huguetan freres. - (A la fin :) Cy fine le livre de Giglan roy de Galles et de Geoffroy son compaignon, imprime nouvellement a Lyon, par Gilles et Jaques Huguetan frères le second jour de Juing, l'an de grace. Mil. VC.XXXIX. written by and published by . This book was released on 1539 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis KINETICS OF Mn-BASED SORBENTS FOR HOT COAL GAS DESULFURIZATION. by :
Download or read book KINETICS OF Mn-BASED SORBENTS FOR HOT COAL GAS DESULFURIZATION. written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manganese-based sorbents have been investigated for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (the primary sulfur bearing compound) from hot coal gases. Four formulations of Mn-based sorbents were tested in an ambient-pressure fixed-bed reactor to determine steady state H2S concentrations, breakthrough times and effectiveness of the sorbent when subjected to cyclic sulfidation and regeneration testing. In previous reports, the sulfidation and regeneration results from cyclic testing done at 550 and 600 °C were presented. Manganese-based sorbents with molar ratios> 1:1 Mn:Substrate were effective in reducing the H2S concentration in simulated coal gases to less than 100 ppmv over five cycles. Actual breakthrough time for formulation C6-2-1100 was as high as 73% of breakthrough time based on wt% Mn in sorbent at 600 °C. Regeneration tests determined that loaded pellets can be essentially completely regenerated in air/steam mixture at 750 °C with minimal sulfate formation. In this report, the performance of the leading formulation (designated C6-2) was investigated for high temperature removal of H2S from simulated coal-derived fuel gas under varying sorbent induration temperature, reaction temperature, and superficial gas velocity. Sulfidation experiments were performed in an ambient pressure fixed-bed reactor between 500 °C and 600 °C. Four tests were conducted with each test consisting of four cycles of sulfidation and regeneration. Results showed that the induration temperature of the sorbent and the reaction temperature greatly affected the H2S removal capacity of the sorbent while the superficial gas velocity between 1090 and 1635 cm/min had minimal affect on the sorbent's breakthrough capacity. Sorbent also showed 30 to 53% loss of its strength over four cycles of sulfidation and regeneration. The former being sorbent indurated at 1115 °C and the prior being sorbent indurated at 1100 °C.
Book Synopsis Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Report, September 15 - December 15, 1996 by :
Download or read book Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Report, September 15 - December 15, 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manganese-based sorbents have been investigated for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (the primary sulfur bearing compound) from hot coal gases prior to its use in combined cycle turbines. Four formulations of Mn-based sorbents were tested in an ambient-pressure fixed-bed reactor to determine steady state H2S concentrations, breakthrough times and effectiveness of the sorbent when subjected to cyclic sulfidation and regeneration testing. In a previous report, the sulfidation results were presented. Manganese-based sorbents with molar ratios> 1:1 Mn:Substrate were effective in reducing the H2S concentration in simulated coal gases to less than 100 ppmv over five cycles. Actual breakthrough time for formulation C6-2-1100 was as high as 73% of breakthrough time based on wt% Mn in sorbent. In this report, the regeneration results will be presented. Regeneration tests determined that loaded pellets can be fully regenerated in air/steam mixture at 750°C with minimal sulfate formation. 16 refs., 9 figs., 5 tabs.
Book Synopsis Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Report, December 15, 1993--March 15, 1997 by :
Download or read book Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Report, December 15, 1993--March 15, 1997 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manganese-based sorbents have been investigated for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (the primary sulfur bearing compound) from hot coal gases prior to its use in combined cycle turbines. Four formulations of Mn-based sorbents were tested in an ambient-pressure fixed-bed reactor to determine steady state H2S concentrations, breakthrough times and effectiveness of the sorbent when subjected to cyclic sulfidation and regeneration testing. In previous reports, the sulfidation and regeneration results from cyclic testing done at 600°C were presented. Manganese-based sorbents, with molar ratios> 1:1 Mn:Substrate were effective in reducing the H2S concentration in simulated coal gases to less than 100 ppmv over five cycles. Actual breakthrough time for formulation C6-2-1100 was as high as 73% of breakthrough time based on wt% Mn in sorbent. Regeneration tests determined that loaded pellets can be fully regenerated in air/steam mixture at 750°C with minimal sulfate formation. In this report, the results from cyclic crush strength tests, Sulfur profile tests and cyclic testing at 550°C and lower flowrate cyclic testing are presented. Crush strength testing done after 5 cycles showed decreases in strength from 12.6% to 57.9%. Cyclic testing at 550°C showed pre breakthrough concentrations as low as 10 ppmv. Cyclic testing done at 2 L/min and 3 L/min did not show any significant difference in pre breakthrough concentrations or capacity.
Book Synopsis Kinetics of MN-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Semiannual Report, December 15, 1996--March 15, 1997 by :
Download or read book Kinetics of MN-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Semiannual Report, December 15, 1996--March 15, 1997 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manganese-based sorbents have been investigated for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (the primary sulfur bearing compound) from hot coal gases prior to its use in combined cycle turbines. Four formulations of Mn-based sorbents were tested in an ambient-pressure fixed-bed reactor to determine steady state H2S concentrations, breakthrough times and effectiveness of the sorbent when subjected to cyclic sulfidation and regeneration testing. In previous reports, the sulfidation and regeneration results from cyclic testing done at 600°C were presented. Manganese-based sorbents with molar ratios>1:1 Mn:substrate were effective in reducing the H2S concentration in simulated coal gases to less than 100 ppmv over five cycles. Actual breakthrough time for formulation C6-2-1100 was as high as 73% of breakthrough time based on wt% Mn in sorbent. Regeneration tests determined that loaded pellets can be fully regenerated in air/steam mixture at 750°C with minimal sulfate formation. In this report, the results from the cyclic crush strength tests, sulfur profile test, and cyclic testing done after 5 cycles showed decreases in strength from 12.6% to 57.9%. Cyclic testing at 550°C showed pre-breakthrough concentrations as low as 10 ppmv. Cyclic testing done at 2 L/min and 3 L/min did not show any significant difference in pre-breakthrough concentrations or capacity.
Book Synopsis Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Progress Report, September 15, 1995--December 15, 1995 by :
Download or read book Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Progress Report, September 15, 1995--December 15, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is actively pursuing the development of reliable and cost-effective processes to clean coal gasifier gases for application to integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) and molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) power plants. A large portion of gas cleanup research has been directed towards hot gas desulfurization using Zn-based sorbents. However, zinc titanate sorbents undergo reduction to the metal at temperatures approaching 700°C and lose reactivity because of volatilization. In addition, sulfate formation during regeneration leads to spalling of reactive surfaces. Because of these problems with zinc-based sorbents, METC has shown interest in formulating and testing manganese-based sorbents. Currently, many proposed IGCC processes include a water quench prior to desulfurization. This quench is required for two reasons; limitations in the process hardware (1000°C), and excessive Zn-based sorbent loss (about 700°C). With manganese, the water quench is not necessary to avoid sorbent loss, since Mn-based sorbents have been shown to retain reactivity under cyclic testing at 900°C. This advantage of manganese over zinc has potential to increase thermal efficiency as the trade-off of increasing the equilibrium H2S over-pressure obtainable with a manganese sorbent. In the work which is reported here, lower loading temperatures (as low as 400°C) are studied. Also formulations containing titania rather then alumina are studied to attempt to improve performance.
Book Synopsis Demnach uns unterschriebenen Pfarrern, und Kirch-Dienern in der Stadt und Graffschafft Mömpelgardt, eine Ehescheidungs-Acte vom 6. October 1714 ... by :
Download or read book Demnach uns unterschriebenen Pfarrern, und Kirch-Dienern in der Stadt und Graffschafft Mömpelgardt, eine Ehescheidungs-Acte vom 6. October 1714 ... written by and published by . This book was released on 1720 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Progress Report, March 15, 1995--July 15, 1995 by :
Download or read book Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Progress Report, March 15, 1995--July 15, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hot gas desulfurization may be accomplished by using solid sorbents such as oxides of those metals that form stable sulfides. The effectiveness of a desulfurizing agent in treating such gases is related to the predicted equilibrium partial pressure of hydrogen sulfide which will be present in a phase combination of the reduced form of sulfide and oxide phases. The focus of much current work being performed by the Department of Energy on sorbent development is in the use of zinc ferrite, zinc titanate, and Z-Sorb. The latter sorbent is a commercial product consisting of ZnO, a promoter, and a proprietary supporting matrix designed to provide stability and prolong sorbent life. Although these Zn-based sorbents have been the subject of extensive pilot-scale and process development work, all sorbents produced to date still experience structural and reactive degradation over multi-cycle use at relatively moderate temperatures. An effective alternative to zinc-based sorbents could be manganese sorbents which withstand high temperature operation and also maintain structural and reactive integrity over many cycles, as investigations by Ben-Slimane and Hepworth have indicated. Thermodynamic limits may prevent MnO from achieving the low sulfur specifications of the product gas for use in a molten carbonate fuel cell, but under the correct conditions the guideline for IGCC systems can easily be achieved. Furthermore, manganese sorbents could possibly be used in conjunction with a polishing sorbent (such as zinc oxide) possessing more favorable thermodynamic properties to reach levels acceptable for fuel cell applications (
Book Synopsis Kinetics of MN Based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas. Quarterly Report, September--December 1996 by :
Download or read book Kinetics of MN Based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas. Quarterly Report, September--December 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manganese-based sorbents have been investigated for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (the primary sulfur bearing compound) from hot coal gases prior to its use in combined cycle turbines. Four formulations of Mn-based sorbents were tested in an ambient-pressure fixed-bed reactor to determine steady state H2S concentrations, breakthrough times and effectiveness of the sorbent when subjected to cyclic sulfidation and regeneration testing. In a previous report, the sulfidation results were presented. Manganese-based sorbents with molar ratios> 1:1 Mn:Substrate were effective in reducing the H2S concentration in simulated coal gases to less than 100 ppmv over five cycles. Actual breakthrough time for formulation C6-2-1100 was as high as 73% of breakthrough time based on wt% Mn in sorbent. In this report, the regeneration results will be presented. Regeneration tests determined that loaded pellets can be fully regenerated in air/steam mixture at 750°C with minimal sulfate formation. 16 refs., 9 figs., 5 tabs.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 938 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mechanistic and Kinetic Studies of High-temperature Coal Gas Desulfurization Sorbents by :
Download or read book Mechanistic and Kinetic Studies of High-temperature Coal Gas Desulfurization Sorbents written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall objective of this project was to investigate the properties of and evaluate mixed oxides of zinc and titanium for hot fuel gas desulfurization. Uncombined ZnO was also investigated as a base case. Detailed investigation of the reduction and sulfidation reactions of Zn-Ti-O sorbents was performed. The intrinsic kinetics and the product layer diffusion rates in reduction and sulfidation were determined. Kinetic experiments with sorbents containing various Zn/Ti atomic ratios were performed. Chemical phase and structural transformations were followed by various methods. The results were compared to similar experiments performed with ZnO. The purpose of these experiments was to determine how the presence of titanium dioxide affects the reduction and sulfidation of ZnO. This information would be used to identify and select the sorbent composition that gives the best combination of low reduction rate and acceptable sulfidation performance at temperatures exceeding 600°C. (VC).
Book Synopsis Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization with Manganese-based Sorbents by :
Download or read book Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization with Manganese-based Sorbents written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mechanistic and Kinetic Studies of High-temperature Coal Gas Desulfurization Sorbents. Final Report, July 1988--July 1991 by :
Download or read book Mechanistic and Kinetic Studies of High-temperature Coal Gas Desulfurization Sorbents. Final Report, July 1988--July 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall objective of this project was to investigate the properties of and evaluate mixed oxides of zinc and titanium for hot fuel gas desulfurization. Uncombined ZnO was also investigated as a base case. Detailed investigation of the reduction and sulfidation reactions of Zn-Ti-O sorbents was performed. The intrinsic kinetics and the product layer diffusion rates in reduction and sulfidation were determined. Kinetic experiments with sorbents containing various Zn/Ti atomic ratios were performed. Chemical phase and structural transformations were followed by various methods. The results were compared to similar experiments performed with ZnO. The purpose of these experiments was to determine how the presence of titanium dioxide affects the reduction and sulfidation of ZnO. This information would be used to identify and select the sorbent composition that gives the best combination of low reduction rate and acceptable sulfidation performance at temperatures exceeding 600°C. (VC).
