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Kinetics And Structural Evolution Of Sorbents At High Temperatures Final Report September 1 1992 August 31 1993
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Book Synopsis Kinetics and Structural Evolution of Sorbents at High Temperatures. Final Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Kinetics and Structural Evolution of Sorbents at High Temperatures. Final Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this project is on furnace sorbent injection technology using dry, calcium-based sorbents for flue gas desulfurization. The goal is to provide fundamental research kinetics and the effects of sorbent properties, aimed at improving SO2 removal and increasing sorbent utilization in a cost-effective fashion. The main focus of the third year work has been to obtain fundamental kinetic data for calcination, sintering and sulfation of calcium hydroxide sorbent. The results, their interpretation, and discussions are the primary focus of this report. Other major portions of this year's work covered in the report include the additions and modifications made to the experimental system, and preliminary results of the studies with modified Ca(OH)2. Most of the reactor system and the analytical and measurement techniques were developed in the second year and formed the necessary framework for realizing the project goal. A few design and experimental constraints necessitated modifications and additions which were made in the beginning of this year. A continuous micro-feeder was built in order to feed very small quantities of sorbent, which is essential to maintain differential conditions with respect to SO2 during sulfation experiments. The particle collection probe was modified with an insulating ceramic cover and cap, in order to reduce its cooling effect and achieve better isothermality within the reactor. A cascade cyclone sampler was added to replace the impactor because the particle loading capacity of the impactor was not sufficient to hold enough powder required for post-reaction analyses.
Book Synopsis Legaré's First Poems and His Early Career by : James E. Kibler
Download or read book Legaré's First Poems and His Early Career written by James E. Kibler and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-08 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Kinetics and Structural Evolution of Sorbents at High Temperatures. Final Report, September 1, 1994--February 29, 1996 by :
Download or read book Kinetics and Structural Evolution of Sorbents at High Temperatures. Final Report, September 1, 1994--February 29, 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this project is on furnace sorbent injection technology using dry calcium-based sorbents for the flue gas desulfurization. The goal is to provide fundamental research kinetics and effects of sorbent properties, aimed at improving SO2 removal and increasing sorbent utilization in a cost-effective manner. The fifth year project work has been carried out in two phases: (1) modified sorbent studies to understand the influence of sorbent modifications (both physical and chemical) on reaction mechanisms, and (2) development of a comprehensive sulfation model to interpret and predict short-time simultaneous calcination, sulfation and sintering processes. This report discusses these two phases of research.
Download or read book Acid Precipitation written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1044 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Novel Copper-based Sorbents for Hot Gas Cleanup: Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992 Through August 31, 1993 by : Andy H. Hill
Download or read book Development of Novel Copper-based Sorbents for Hot Gas Cleanup: Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992 Through August 31, 1993 written by Andy H. Hill and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Final Technical Report by : Illinois Clean Coal Institute
Download or read book Final Technical Report written by Illinois Clean Coal Institute and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Kinetic Studies of Dry Sorbents for Medium Temperature Application. Final Report, September 1, 1993--August 31, 1994 by :
Download or read book Kinetic Studies of Dry Sorbents for Medium Temperature Application. Final Report, September 1, 1993--August 31, 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this project is to study the fundamental nature of the sorbent reactivity and reaction kinetics in the medium temperature range from 600°F to 1200°F available in the convective pass of a boiler upstream of the economizer, where dry sorbents are injected to remove SO2 from the flue gas. Research focus is on the fundamental mechanisms of sorbent-flue gas interaction under economizer and hot baghouse conditions utilizing the experimental setup and the results of the first three years of research. During the fourth year, the interference of carbonation reaction to sulfation reaction was studied as well as the concentration dependency of the sulfation reaction. The data to date showed that the carbonation did not interfere the sulfation reaction rate for reactions taking place less than 1 second. However, there was significant decrease in carbonation conversion when the sulfation reaction took place simultaneously. The levels of SO2 concentration had negligible effects on reaction rates when the concentration was maintained above 3000 ppM. An n-th order deactivation kinetic model was also developed during the fourth year to model the kinetics of various reactions. This model is particularly useful for the dry sorbent reactions, since the apparent rate constants rapidly decrease during the first 1 second of exposure to various gaseous reactants.
Book Synopsis Development of Novel Copper-based Sorbents for Hot-gas Cleanup. Final Technical Report, 1 September 1992--31 August, 1993 by :
Download or read book Development of Novel Copper-based Sorbents for Hot-gas Cleanup. Final Technical Report, 1 September 1992--31 August, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this investigation is to evaluate two novel copper-based sorbents, namely Cu-Cr and Cu-Ce, for their effectiveness in removing hydrogen sulfide from fuel gas in the temperature range of 650 to 850 C. Such high temperatures will be required for the new generation of gas turbines in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle systems. Structural and kinetic studies were conducted on various compositions of the two Cu-based sorbents to determine the optimum sorbent composition. The effect to operating conditions on the performance of the sorbents along with the stability and regenerability of the selected sorbents in successive sulfidation/regeneration operation were determined. Overall, the CuO-lean binaries (with Cr2O3 or CeO2) may benefit the H2S breakthrough levels. While this is at the expense of sulfur capacity for the Cu-Cr-O sorbents, it may not affect the capacity of the Cu-Ce-O sorbents. Parametric multicycle desulfurization tests were conducted in a bench-scale quartz reactor at one atmosphere using the CuCr2O4 and CuO-CeO2 sorbents. The parameters studied included temperature, space velocity, and feed gas composition. Both sorbents were able to reduce the H2S concentration of the reactor feed gas from 5,000 ppmv to less than 1 ppmv to 10 ppmv at 750 to 850 C. Both sorbents were found to consume H2 and produce SO2 during the initial stages of sulfidation. Analysis of partially sulfided samples identified predominantly Cu metal, the additive oxide and small amounts of oxidic copper. For the Cu-Cr-O sorbents, the latter is apparently sufficient to keep the H2S pre-breakthrough levels as low as has been reported in this work. For the Cu-Ce-O sorbents, in which very little or no oxidic copper remained, the low H2S levels may be due to the participation of CeO2, whose sulfidation is promoted by Cu.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coal Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flue Gas Desulfurization and Industrial Minerals by : M. Michael Miller
Download or read book Flue Gas Desulfurization and Industrial Minerals written by M. Michael Miller and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains 4,101 references on FGD [Flue Gas Desulfurization] ... primarily from 1982 through June 1993. Complements the "Flue Gas Desulfurization and Denitrification" bibliography published by the U.S. Dept. of Energy in Jan. 1985. References were located on the Energy, Science and Technology, Pollution Abstracts, and Environmental Bibliography databases. Primarily covers FGD and the use of industrial minerals in the desulfurization process or in by-product utilization and disposal. Emphasizes post-combustion removal of sulfur dioxide through processes such as in-duct injection and wet and dry scrubbing.
Book Synopsis Stabilization of Spent Sorbents from Coal Gasification. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Stabilization of Spent Sorbents from Coal Gasification. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this investigation was to determine the rates of reactions involving partially sulfided dolomite and oxygen, which is needed for the design of the reactor system for the stabilization of sulfide-containing solid wastes from gasification of high sulfur coals. To achieve this objective, samples of partially sulfided dolomite were reacted with oxygen at a variety of operating conditions in a fluidized-bed reactor. The effect of external diffusion was eliminated by using small quantities of the sorbent and maintaining a high flow rate of the reactant gas. The reacted sorbents were analyzed to determine the extent of conversion as a function of operating variables including sorbent particle size, reaction temperature and pressure, and oxygen concentration. The results of sulfation tests indicate that the rate of reaction increases with increasing temperature, increasing oxygen partial pressure, and decreasing sorbent particle size. The rate of the sulfation reaction can be described by a diffuse interface model where both chemical reaction and intraparticle diffusion control the reaction rate. The kinetic model of the sulfation reaction was used to determine the requirements for the reactor system, i.e., reactor size and operating conditions, for successful stabilization of sulfide-containing solid wastes from gasification of high sulfur coals (with in-bed desulfurization using calcium based sorbents). The results indicate that the rate of reaction is fast enough to allow essentially complete sulfation in reactors with acceptable dimensions. The optimum sulfation temperature appears to be around 800°C for high pressure as well as atmospheric stabilization of the spent sorbents.
Book Synopsis Sorbent Preparation/modification/additives. Final Report, September 1, 1992--November 30, 1993 by :
Download or read book Sorbent Preparation/modification/additives. Final Report, September 1, 1992--November 30, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sorbent preparation techniques used today have generally been adapted from techniques traditionally used by the lime industry. Traditional dry hydration and slaking processes have been optimized to produce materials intended for use in the building industry. These preparation techniques should be examined with an eye to optimization of properties important to the SO[sub 2] capture process. The study of calcium-based sorbents for sulfur dioxide capture is complicated by two factors: (1) little is known about the chemical mechanisms by which the standard sorbent preparation and enhancement techniques work, and (2) a sorbent preparation technique that produces a calcium-based sorbent that enjoys enhanced calcium utilization in one regime of operation [flame zone (>2400 F), in-furnace (1600--2400 F), economizer (800--1100 F), after air preheater (
Book Synopsis Microbial Stabilization of Sulfur-laden Sorbents. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Microbial Stabilization of Sulfur-laden Sorbents. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clean coal technologies that involve limestone for sulfur capture generate lime/limestone products laden with sulfur at various oxidation states. If sulfur is completely stabilized as sulfate, the spent sorbent is ready for commercial utilization as gypsum. However, the presence of reduced sulfur species requires additional processing. Thermal oxidation of reduced sulfur can result in undesirable release of SO2. Microbial oxidation might provide an inexpensive and effective alternative. Sorbents laden with reduced forms of sulfur such as sulfide or sulfite can serve as growth substrates for sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, which convert all sulfur to sulfate. The goals of this project are the following: (1) to optimize conditions for sulfate generation from sulfide, thiosulfate, and sulfite; (2) to test and optimize the effectiveness of microbial processing on spent sorbents from flue gas desulfurization, coal gasification, and fluidized bed combustion; (3) to search for hyperalkalinophilic thiobacilli, which would be effective up to pH 11.
Book Synopsis Property and Energy Conversion Technology of Solid Composite Sorbents by : Liwei Wang
Download or read book Property and Energy Conversion Technology of Solid Composite Sorbents written by Liwei Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid chemisorption technology is an effective form of energy conversion for recovering low-grade thermal energy, but limited thermal conductivity and agglomeration phenomena greatly limit its performance. Over the past 20 years, researchers have explored the use of thermal conductive porous matrix to improve heat and mass transfer performance. Their efforts have yielded composite sorption technology, which is now extensively being used in refrigeration, heat pumps, energy storage, and de-NOx applications. This book reviews the latest technological advances regarding composite solid sorbents. Various development methods are introduced and compared, kinetic models are presented, and different cycles are analyzed. Given its scope, the book will benefit experts involved in developing novel materials and cycles for energy conversion, as well as engineers working to develop effective commercialized energy conversion systems based on solid sorption technology
