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Japans Unequal Trade
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Book Synopsis Japan's Unequal Trade by : Edward J. Lincoln
Download or read book Japan's Unequal Trade written by Edward J. Lincoln and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2001-06-29 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With all the rapid economic success in Japan, it is easy to forget just how insular the nation has been, and how strikingly different its trading patterns remain from those of other industrialized nations. Japan is moving into an era of greater interaction with the world, but Lincoln contends that this does not mean the United States and other nations can end their pressure on Japan to continue opening its markets. "Now is the time to bring Japan into the fold," Lincoln writes in his introduction. Lincoln focuses on the question of access to Japanese markets, Japan's pattern of trade on imports, and the consequences of large trade and current-account imbalances. He argues against the United States abandoning its free-trade ideal and offers suggestions for applying pressure to encourage greater real access to Japanese markets.
Book Synopsis The Origins of Japanese Trade Supremacy by : Christopher Howe
Download or read book The Origins of Japanese Trade Supremacy written by Christopher Howe and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1999-12-15 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many in the West, the emergence of Japan as an economic superpower has been as surprising as it has been sudden. After its defeat in World War II, Japan hardly appeared a candidate to lead industrialized nations in productivity and technological innovation, and the "Japanese miracle" is often explained as the result of U.S. aid and protection in the postwar years. In The Origins of Japanese Trade Supremacy, Christopher Howe locates the sources of Japan's current commercial and financial strength in events tnat occurred well before 1945. In this revisionist account, Howe traces the history of Japanese trade over four centuries to show that the Japanese mastery of trade with the outside world began as long ago as the sixteenth century, with Japan's first contact with European trading partners. Although profitable, this early contact was so destabilizing that the Japanese leadership soon restricted foreign trade mainly to Asian partners. From the early seventeenth to the middle of the nineteenth centuries, Japan developed in relative isolation. Though secluded from the scientific and economic revolutions in the West, Japan proved adept at finding novel solutions to its own problems, and its economy grew in size, diversity, and technological and institutional sophistication. By the nineteenth century, when contacts with the West were reestablished. Japan had developed a remarkable capacity to absorb foreign technologies and to adapt and create new institutions, while retaining significant elements of its traditional system of values. Most importantly, Japan's long-standing reliance on its own ingenuity to solve problems continued to flourish. This tradition, born of necessity, is the most important foundation for Japan's current position as a world economic power.
Book Synopsis Dilemmas of a Trading Nation by : Mireya Solis
Download or read book Dilemmas of a Trading Nation written by Mireya Solis and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2017-08-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The balancing of competing interests and goals will have momentous consequences for Japan—and the United States—in their quest for economic growth, social harmony, and international clout. Japan and the United States face difficult choices in charting their paths ahead as trading nations. Tokyo has long aimed for greater decisiveness, which would allow it to move away from a fragmented policymaking system favoring the status quo in order to enable meaningful internal reforms and acquire a larger voice in trade negotiations. And Washington confronts an uphill battle in rebuilding a fraying domestic consensus in favor of internationalism essential to sustain its leadership role as a champion of free trade. In Dilemmas of a Trading Nation, Mireya Solís describes how accomplishing these tasks will require the skillful navigation of vexing tradeoffs that emerge from pursuing desirable, but to some extent contradictory goals: economic competitiveness, social legitimacy, and political viability. Trade policy has catapulted front and center to the national conversations taking place in each country about their desired future direction—economic renewal, a relaunched social compact, and projected international influence. Dilemmas of a Trading Nation underscores the global consequences of these defining trade dilemmas for Japan and the United States: decisiveness, reform, internationalism. At stake is the ability of these leading economies to upgrade international economic rules and create incentives for emerging economies to converge toward these higher standards. At play is the reaffirmation of a rules-based international order that has been a source of postwar stability, the deepening of a bilateral alliance at the core of America's diplomacy in Asia, and the ability to reassure friends and rivals of the staying power of the United States. In the execution of trade policy today, we are witnessing an international leadership test dominated by domestic governance dilemmas.
Book Synopsis Unfair Trade by : Industrial Structure Council of Japan Staff
Download or read book Unfair Trade written by Industrial Structure Council of Japan Staff and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Negotiating with Imperialism by : Michael R. Auslin
Download or read book Negotiating with Imperialism written by Michael R. Auslin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan's modern international history began in 1858 with the signing of the 'unequal' commercial treaty with the US. Over the next 15 years, Japanese diplomacy was reshaped in response to the Western imperialist challenge. This book explains the emergence of modern Japan through early treaty relations.
Book Synopsis An Ocean Apart by : Stephen D. Cohen
Download or read book An Ocean Apart written by Stephen D. Cohen and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 1998-01-30 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Closing a critical gap in the literature examining the strained relationship between the U.S. and Japan, this book synthesizes the economic, political, historical, and cultural factors that have led these two nations, both practitioners of capitalism, along quite different paths in search of different goals. Taking an objective, multidisciplinary approach, the author argues that there is no single explanation for Japan's domestic economic or foreign trade successes. Rather, his analysis points to a systemic mismatch that has been misdiagnosed and treated with inadequate corrective measures. This systemic mismatch in the corporate strategy, economic policies, and attitudes of the U.S. and Japan created and is perpetuating three decades of bilateral economic frictions and disequilibria. As long as both the U.S. and Japan deal more with symptoms than causes, bilateral problems will persist. This book's unique analysis will encourage a better understanding on both sides of the Pacific of what has happened, is happening, and will continue to happen if corporate executives and policymakers in the two countries do not better realize the extent of their differences and adopt better corrective measures.
Book Synopsis Unequal Equities by : Robert Zielinski
Download or read book Unequal Equities written by Robert Zielinski and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1992 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite its prominence in world finance, Japan's stock market has remained an enigma to many investors. This book aims to remove the mystery, revealing how Japanese corporations have moulded the market into a cheap source of capital; why most shares of corporations are held by other corporations; what the Keiretsu - secretive stockbroking, insurance and banking cartels - really do; and how the market's 1990 collapse affected these interlocking relationships.
Book Synopsis Troubled Times by : Edward J. Lincoln
Download or read book Troubled Times written by Edward J. Lincoln and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Edward J. Lincoln tackles the thorny issue of U.S. trade relations with Japan, the subject of so much tension in the 1990s. In so doing, he builds on his earlier Brookings book, Japan's Unequal Trade. Lincoln argues that statistical evidence shows only modest progress in diminishing Japan's "distinctiveness." Despite an upturn in the mid-1990s, import penetration, intra-industry trade, and inward foreign direct investment all remain low relative to most other nations. High profile negotiating efforts by both the Bush and Clinton administrations made progress in chipping away at protectionist barriers but fundamental problems remain. While Lincoln offers suggestions on what needs to be done by both sides, the most important lesson drawn from recent experience is that expectations should be lowered. Any feasible approach to making markets more open in Japan is likely to yield slow progress. Such realism--not to be confused with defeatism--is the only approach that has any chance of realizing gains over time.
Book Synopsis Japan Comes of Age by : Louis G. Perez
Download or read book Japan Comes of Age written by Louis G. Perez and published by Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the sweltering summer of 1894 Foreign Minister Mutsu Munemitsu knelt before the Japanese emperor Meiji to report that Japan's "long nightmare" was over at last. After forty years of humiliation, Japan was ridding itself of the hateful "Unequal Treaties." These treaties had been imposed upon a politically divided and militarily weakened nation by powerful mercantilist Western nations in mid-century. The treaties had hindered Japan's economic development because of discriminatory tariff restrictions, they had poisoned Japan's foreign relations, and they had truncated its legal sovereignty by virtue of extraterritoriality. The final six months of negotiations are carefully examined, employing Mutsu's extensive personal and official correspondence as well as telegrams and secret British and Japanese documents.
Author :United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee. Subcommittee on Economic Goals and Intergovernmental Policy Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :198 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (121 download)
Book Synopsis Impact on the U.S. Economy of Imbalanced and Unfair Trade Relations--the Case of Japan by : United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee. Subcommittee on Economic Goals and Intergovernmental Policy
Download or read book Impact on the U.S. Economy of Imbalanced and Unfair Trade Relations--the Case of Japan written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee. Subcommittee on Economic Goals and Intergovernmental Policy and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Japan-U.S. Trade by : William H. Cooper
Download or read book Japan-U.S. Trade written by William H. Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Trade and the Labor Market by : Kojiro Sakurai
Download or read book Trade and the Labor Market written by Kojiro Sakurai and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-04 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an integrated overview and evidence, taking Japan as an example, on how international trade, especially with developing countries, affects labor market in developed countries, which has been keenly debated among international and labor economists since the late 1980s. The unique point of this book is that it integrates international trade and labor market into the same framework. The analysis includes both theory and empirical study. It especially pays attention to wage inequality between skilled and unskilled labor represented by nonproduction and production workers, and college graduates and high-school graduates. The estimation method used is to analyze input-output tables containing 55 manufacturing industries during the period 1995-2005, and to measure factor content of trade using these tables. Main results are as follows: First, both relative wage and relative employment of nonproduction to production workers, and college graduates to high-school graduates increased as a trend since the 1980s, suggesting a relative demand shift toward skilled labor. Second, analysis using input-output tables revealed that employment reduction due to increased imports is greater in production workers than in nonproduction workers, and that employment increase due to increased exports is greater in nonproduction workers than in production workers, suggesting the comparative advantage being at work in line with the Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson model. Third, analysis using factor content of trade revealed that increased trade during 1995-2005 especially with Asian countries raised the relative wage of nonproduction to production workers in the aggregated manufacturing sector by 0.023 points (1.400 to 1.422), or by 1.6 percent in terms of rate of change. This estimation result suggests that increased trade in this period played a certain role in widening wage inequality between nonproduction to production workers. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the effect of globalization on labor market in the field of economics.
Download or read book Trade Conflict written by Kazuo Ogura and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Japanese Industrial Collusion and Trade by :
Download or read book Japanese Industrial Collusion and Trade written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Globalization and Inequality by : Elhanan Helpman
Download or read book Globalization and Inequality written by Elhanan Helpman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the world’s leading experts on international trade explains that we must look beyond globalization to explain rising inequality. Globalization is not the primary cause of rising inequality. This may come as a surprise. Inequality within nations has risen steadily in recent decades, at a time when countries around the world have eased restrictions on the movement of goods, capital, and labor. Many assume a causal relationship, which has motivated opposition to policies that promote freer trade. Elhanan Helpman shows, however, in this timely study that this assumption about the effects of globalization is more myth than fact. Globalization and Inequality guides us through two decades of research about the connections among international trade, offshoring, and changes in income, and shows that the overwhelming conclusion of contemporary research is that globalization is responsible for only a small rise in inequality. The chief causes remain difficult to pin down, though technological developments favoring highly skilled workers and changes in corporate and public policies are leading suspects. As Helpman makes clear, this does not mean that globalization creates no problems. Critics may be right to raise concerns about such matters as cultural autonomy, child labor, and domestic sovereignty. But if we wish to curb inequality while protecting what is best about an interconnected world, we must start with a clear view of what globalization does and does not do and look elsewhere to understand our troubling and growing divide.
Book Synopsis Japan’s Trade Frictions by : A. M. El-Agraa
Download or read book Japan’s Trade Frictions written by A. M. El-Agraa and published by Springer. This book was released on 1988-06-18 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling Japanese-American Trade by : Peter A. Petri
Download or read book Modeling Japanese-American Trade written by Peter A. Petri and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1984 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines, in rigorous, quantitative detail, the structure of trade between Japan and the United States, tracing the evolution of trade interdependence and the causes of its increasing intensity. It also looks at sectoral differences in interdependence--at the patterns behind changes in the composition of trade and the complex factors that determine how individual sectors of each economy respond to economic change in all the others. In the first part, the author designs and estimates a multicountry, multisectoral general equilibrium model. The model is operationalized with careful estimates of the parameters that govern demand, production, and trade in both economies. In the second part, the model is employed to explore various aspects of interdependence and commercial policy. Peter Petri's findings indicate, among other things, that the American and Japanese economies are more closely related than one might judge from the size of their trade. As a result of differences in the structures of the two economies, their interdependence is sharply asymmetric, with economic events in the United States having a greater impact on Japan than vice versa. The study also shows that the roots of bilateral conflict can be traced to structural causes, and suggests that recent structural changes may have increased the incentives for protectionism.
