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Isotope Production
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Book Synopsis Medical Isotope Production Without Highly Enriched Uranium by : National Research Council
Download or read book Medical Isotope Production Without Highly Enriched Uranium written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-06-27 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the product of a congressionally mandated study to examine the feasibility of eliminating the use of highly enriched uranium (HEU2) in reactor fuel, reactor targets, and medical isotope production facilities. The book focuses primarily on the use of HEU for the production of the medical isotope molybdenum-99 (Mo-99), whose decay product, technetium-99m3 (Tc-99m), is used in the majority of medical diagnostic imaging procedures in the United States, and secondarily on the use of HEU for research and test reactor fuel. The supply of Mo-99 in the U.S. is likely to be unreliable until newer production sources come online. The reliability of the current supply system is an important medical isotope concern; this book concludes that achieving a cost difference of less than 10 percent in facilities that will need to convert from HEU- to LEU-based Mo-99 production is much less important than is reliability of supply.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309445310 Total Pages :264 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-28 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decay product of the medical isotope molybdenum-99 (Mo-99), technetium-99m (Tc-99m), and associated medical isotopes iodine-131 (I-131) and xenon-133 (Xe-133) are used worldwide for medical diagnostic imaging or therapy. The United States consumes about half of the world's supply of Mo-99, but there has been no domestic (i.e., U.S.-based) production of this isotope since the late 1980s. The United States imports Mo-99 for domestic use from Australia, Canada, Europe, and South Africa. Mo-99 and Tc-99m cannot be stockpiled for use because of their short half-lives. Consequently, they must be routinely produced and delivered to medical imaging centers. Almost all Mo-99 for medical use is produced by irradiating highly enriched uranium (HEU) targets in research reactors, several of which are over 50 years old and are approaching the end of their operating lives. Unanticipated and extended shutdowns of some of these old reactors have resulted in severe Mo-99 supply shortages in the United States and other countries. Some of these shortages have disrupted the delivery of medical care. Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging examines the production and utilization of Mo-99 and associated medical isotopes, and provides recommendations for medical use.
Book Synopsis Isotope Production and Applications in the 21st Century by : Nigel R Stevenson
Download or read book Isotope Production and Applications in the 21st Century written by Nigel R Stevenson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000-10-09 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Third International Conference on Isotopes focused on the theme of “Isotope Production and Applications in the 21st Century” and included presentations by several eminent experts in this field. The three central subjects — Isotopes in Medicine, Industry and the Environment — were supplemented by presentations on the latest developments in isotope production and synthesis, research into radiopharmaceuticals, applications in agriculture, analytical applications, radiocarbon dating, AMS and PET. Various views on the future directions for producers and users of isotopes were considered at this multi-disciplinary meeting. Contents:Isotope Facilities and ProgramsRadiochemical Synthesis I–II, Nuclear Analytical Applications of Radioisotopes I–IIRadioisotope ProductionSeparation and Applications of Stable IsotopesIndustrial Applications and Radiation SafetyRadiopharmaceutical Applications and Medical Imaging I–IIProduction and Applications of Isotope Tracers in Industry I–IIUse of Isotopes in Environmental Studies I–IIApplications of Isotopes in Medical Imaging and TherapyRadiation Safety Aspects at Isotope FacilitiesApplications in Agriculture and NutritionAMS and Radiocarbon Dating TechniquesPoster SessionApplications of Isotopes in Environmental StudiesProduction and Applications of Short-Lived RadioisotopesLabeling Compounds and Other Applications of TritiumNovel Applications of Isotopes and Opportunities for Technology TransferClosing Plenary Session: “Isotope Production and Applications in the 21st Century” Readership: Radiochemists, radiopharmacists, environmental scientists, reactor and accelerator physicists, and nuclear medicine researchers. Keywords:
Book Synopsis Development of Isotope Production in the USSR by : Yu. S. Frolov
Download or read book Development of Isotope Production in the USSR written by Yu. S. Frolov and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Isotope Production and Applications in the 21st Century by : Nigel R. Stevenson
Download or read book Isotope Production and Applications in the 21st Century written by Nigel R. Stevenson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Third International Conference on Isotopes focused on the theme of ?Isotope Production and Applications in the 21st Century? and included presentations by several eminent experts in this field. The three central subjects ? Isotopes in Medicine, Industry and the Environment ? were supplemented by presentations on the latest developments in isotope production and synthesis, research into radiopharmaceuticals, applications in agriculture, analytical applications, radiocarbon dating, AMS and PET. Various views on the future directions for producers and users of isotopes were considered at this multi-disciplinary meeting.
Book Synopsis Isotopes for Medicine and the Life Sciences by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Isotopes for Medicine and the Life Sciences written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-01-27 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radioactive isotopes and enriched stable isotopes are used widely in medicine, agriculture, industry, and science, where their application allows us to perform many tasks more accurately, more simply, less expensively, and more quickly than would otherwise be possible. Indeed, in many casesâ€"for example, biological tracersâ€"there is no alternative. In a stellar example of "technology transfer" that began before the term was popular, the Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessors has supported the development and application of isotopes and their transfer to the private sector. The DOE is now at an important crossroads: Isotope production has suffered as support for DOE's laboratories has declined. In response to a DOE request, this book is an intensive examination of isotope production and availability, including the education and training of those who will be needed to sustain the flow of radioactive and stable materials from their sources to the laboratories and medical care facilities in which they are used. Chapters include an examination of enriched stable isotopes; reactor and accelerator-produced radionuclides; partnerships among industries, national laboratories, and universities; and national isotope policy.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Energy Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :304 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (18 download)
Book Synopsis Isotope Production by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Energy
Download or read book Isotope Production written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Energy and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Manual for Reactor Produced Radioisotopes by : International Atomic Energy Agency
Download or read book Manual for Reactor Produced Radioisotopes written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :18 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis American Medical Isotopes Production Act by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
Download or read book American Medical Isotopes Production Act written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Beneficial Uses and Production of Isotopes by : OECD Nuclear Energy Agency
Download or read book Beneficial Uses and Production of Isotopes written by OECD Nuclear Energy Agency and published by Nuclear Energy Agency. This book was released on 1998 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is the first international survey on the beneficial uses and production of isotopes. It provides an overview of their main uses, and detailed information on the facilities that produce them world-wide.
Book Synopsis Isotope Production and Availability from Power Reactors by : D. E. Deonigi
Download or read book Isotope Production and Availability from Power Reactors written by D. E. Deonigi and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Isotope Production and Applications in the 21st Century, 3rd International Conference on Isotopes by : Nigel R. Stevenson
Download or read book Isotope Production and Applications in the 21st Century, 3rd International Conference on Isotopes written by Nigel R. Stevenson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation The Third International Conference on Isotopes focused on the theme of "Isotope Production and Applications in the 21st Century" and included presentations by several eminent experts in this field. The three central subjects -- Isotopes in Medicine, Industry and the Environment -- were supplemented by presentations on the latest developments in isotope production and synthesis, research into radiopharmaceuticals, applications in agriculture, analytical applications, radiocarbon dating, AMS and PET. Various views on the future directions for roducers and users of isotopes were considered at the multi-disciplinary meeting.
Book Synopsis Isotopes Development Program by : U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. Office of Isotopes Development
Download or read book Isotopes Development Program written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. Office of Isotopes Development and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Stable Isotope Research and Production Division Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages : pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Inventory of Electromagnetically-enriched Isotopes by : Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Stable Isotope Research and Production Division
Download or read book Inventory of Electromagnetically-enriched Isotopes written by Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Stable Isotope Research and Production Division and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :030946627X Total Pages :87 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Opportunities and Approaches for Supplying Molybdenum-99 and Associated Medical Isotopes to Global Markets by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Opportunities and Approaches for Supplying Molybdenum-99 and Associated Medical Isotopes to Global Markets written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-12 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Participants of the July 17-18, 2017, symposium titled Opportunities and Approaches for Supplying Molybdenum-99 and Associated Medical Isotopes to Global Markets examined current trends in molybdenum-99 production, prospects for new global supplies, and technical, economic, regulatory, and other considerations for supplying molybdenum-99 to global markets. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the symposium.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations Near Nuclear Facilities by : National Research Council
Download or read book Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations Near Nuclear Facilities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1980s, the National Cancer Institute initiated an investigation of cancer risks in populations near 52 commercial nuclear power plants and 10 Department of Energy nuclear facilities (including research and nuclear weapons production facilities and one reprocessing plant) in the United States. The results of the NCI investigation were used a primary resource for communicating with the public about the cancer risks near the nuclear facilities. However, this study is now over 20 years old. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission requested that the National Academy of Sciences provide an updated assessment of cancer risks in populations near USNRC-licensed nuclear facilities that utilize or process uranium for the production of electricity. Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations near Nuclear Facilities: Phase 1 focuses on identifying scientifically sound approaches for carrying out an assessment of cancer risks associated with living near a nuclear facility, judgments about the strengths and weaknesses of various statistical power, ability to assess potential confounding factors, possible biases, and required effort. The results from this Phase 1 study will be used to inform the design of cancer risk assessment, which will be carried out in Phase 2. This report is beneficial for the general public, communities near nuclear facilities, stakeholders, healthcare providers, policy makers, state and local officials, community leaders, and the media.
Book Synopsis The Theory of Isotope Separation as Applied to the Large Scale Production of U235 by : Karl Cohen
Download or read book The Theory of Isotope Separation as Applied to the Large Scale Production of U235 written by Karl Cohen and published by . This book was released on 2015-03-07 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isotope separation is the process of concentrating specific isotopes of a chemical element by removing other isotopes. The use of the nuclides produced is various. The largest variety is used in research (e.g. in chemistry where atoms of "marker" nuclide are used to figure out reaction mechanisms). By tonnage, separating natural uranium into enriched uranium and depleted uranium is the largest application. In the following text, mainly the uranium enrichment is considered. This process is a crucial one in the manufacture of uranium fuel for nuclear power stations, and is also required for the creation of uranium based nuclear weapons. Plutonium-based weapons use plutonium produced in a nuclear reactor, which must be operated in such a way as to produce plutonium already of suitable isotopic mix or grade. While different chemical elements can be purified through chemical processes, isotopes of the same element have nearly identical chemical properties, which makes this type of separation impractical, except for separation of deuterium. There are three types of isotope separation techniques: Those based directly on the atomic weight of the isotope. Those based on the small differences in chemical reaction rates produced by different atomic weights. Those based on properties not directly connected to atomic weight, such as nuclear resonances. The third type of separation is still experimental; practical separation techniques all depend in some way on the atomic mass. It is therefore generally easier to separate isotopes with a larger relative mass difference. For example deuterium has twice the mass of ordinary (light) hydrogen and it is generally easier to purify it than to separate uranium-235 from the more common uranium-238. On the other extreme, separation of fissile plutonium-239 from the common impurity plutonium-240, while desirable in that it would allow the creation of gun-type nuclear weapons from plutonium, is generally agreed to be impractical.
