Isonomia And The Origins Of Philosophy

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Isonomia and the Origins of Philosophy

Author : Kojin Karatani
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822372711
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Isonomia and the Origins of Philosophy by : Kojin Karatani

Download or read book Isonomia and the Origins of Philosophy written by Kojin Karatani and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-14 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Isonomia and the Origins of Philosophy—published originally in Japanese and now available in four languages—Kōjin Karatani questions the idealization of ancient Athens as the source of philosophy and democracy by placing the origins instead in Ionia, a set of Greek colonies located in present-day Turkey. Contrasting Athenian democracy with Ionian isonomia—a system based on non-rule and a lack of social divisions whereby equality is realized through the freedom to immigrate—Karatani shows how early Greek thinkers from Heraclitus to Pythagoras were inseparably linked to the isonomia of their Ionian origins, not democracy. He finds in isonomia a model for how an egalitarian society not driven by class antagonism might be put into practice, and resituates Socrates's work and that of his intellectual heirs as the last philosophical attempts to practice isonomia's utopic potentials. Karatani subtly interrogates the democratic commitments of Western philosophy from within and argues that the key to transcending their contradictions lies not in Athenian democracy, with its echoes of imperialism, slavery, and exclusion, but in the openness of isonomia.

The Structure of World History

Author : Kojin Karatani
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822376687
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis The Structure of World History by : Kojin Karatani

Download or read book The Structure of World History written by Kojin Karatani and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-28 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this major, paradigm-shifting work, Kojin Karatani systematically re-reads Marx's version of world history, shifting the focus of critique from modes of production to modes of exchange. Karatani seeks to understand both Capital-Nation-State, the interlocking system that is the dominant form of modern global society, and the possibilities for superseding it. In The Structure of World History, he traces different modes of exchange, including the pooling of resources that characterizes nomadic tribes, the gift exchange systems developed after the adoption of fixed-settlement agriculture, the exchange of obedience for protection that arises with the emergence of the state, the commodity exchanges that characterize capitalism, and, finally, a future mode of exchange based on the return of gift exchange, albeit modified for the contemporary moment. He argues that this final stage—marking the overcoming of capital, nation, and state—is best understood in light of Kant's writings on eternal peace. The Structure of World History is in many ways the capstone of Karatani's brilliant career, yet it also signals new directions in his thought.

Transcritique

Author : Kojin Karatani
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262263368
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (633 download)

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Book Synopsis Transcritique by : Kojin Karatani

Download or read book Transcritique written by Kojin Karatani and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2005-01-14 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kojin Karatani's Transcritique introduces a startlingly new dimension to Immanuel Kant's transcendental critique by using Kant to read Karl Marx and Marx to read Kant. In a direct challenge to standard academic approaches to both thinkers, Karatani's transcritical readings discover the ethical roots of socialism in Kant's Critique of Pure Reason and a Kantian critique of money in Marx's Capital. Karatani reads Kant as a philosopher who sought to wrest metaphysics from the discredited realm of theoretical dogma in order to restore it to its proper place in the sphere of ethics and praxis. With this as his own critical model, he then presents a reading of Marx that attempts to liberate Marxism from longstanding Marxist and socialist presuppositions in order to locate a solid theoretical basis for a positive activism capable of gradually superseding the trinity of Capital-Nation-State.

History and Repetition

Author : Kōjin Karatani
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231157290
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis History and Repetition by : Kōjin Karatani

Download or read book History and Repetition written by Kōjin Karatani and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kojin Karatani wrote the essays in History and Repetition during a time of radical historical change, triggered by the collapse of the Cold War and the death of the Showa emperor in 1989. Reading Karl Marx in an original way, Karatani developed a theory of history based on the repetitive cycle of crises attending the expansion and transformation of capital. His work led to a rigorous analysis of political, economic, and literary forms of representation that recast historical events as a series of repeated forms forged in the transitional moments of global capitalism. History and Repetition cemented Karatani's reputation as one of Japan's premier thinkers, capable of traversing the fields of philosophy, political economy, history, and literature in his work. The first complete translation of History and Repetition into English, undertaken with the cooperation of Karatani himself, this volume opens with his innovative reading of The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, tracing Marx's early theoretical formulation of the state. Karatani follows with a study of violent crises as they recur after major transitions of power, developing his theory of historical repetition and introducing a groundbreaking interpretation of fascism (in both Europe and Japan) as the spectral return of the absolutist monarch in the midst of a crisis of representative democracy. For Karatani, fascism represents the most violent materialization of the repetitive mechanism of history. Yet he also seeks out singularities that operate outside the brutal inevitability of historical repetition, whether represented in literature or, more precisely, in the process of literature's demise. Closely reading the works of Oe Kenzaburo, Mishima Yukio, Nakagami Kenji, and Murakami Haruki, Karatani compares the recurrent and universal with the singular and unrepeatable, while advancing a compelling theory of the decline of modern literature. Merging theoretical arguments with a concrete analysis of cultural and intellectual history, Karatani's essays encapsulate a brilliant, multidisciplinary perspective on world history.

Architecture as Metaphor

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Architecture as Metaphor by :

Download or read book Architecture as Metaphor written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Marx: Towards the Centre of Possibility

Author : Kojin Karatani
Publisher : Verso Books
ISBN 13 : 1788730607
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (887 download)

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Book Synopsis Marx: Towards the Centre of Possibility by : Kojin Karatani

Download or read book Marx: Towards the Centre of Possibility written by Kojin Karatani and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Classic study of Marx by Japan's leading critical theorist Originally published in 1974, Kojin Karatani's Marx: Towards the Centre of Possibility has been amongst his most enduring and pioneering works in critical theory. Written at a time when the political sequences of the New Left had collapsed into crisis and violence, with widespread political exhaustion for the competing sectarian visions of Marxism from 1968, Karatani's Marx laid the groundwork for a new reading, unfamiliar to the existing Marxist discourse in Japan at the time. Karatani's Marx takes on insights from semiotics, deconstruction, and the reading of Marx as a literary thinker, treating Capital as an intervention in philosophy that could be read as itself a theory of signs. Marx is unique in this sense, not only because of its importance in post-68 Japanese thought, but also because the heterodox reading of Marx that Karatani debuts in this text, centered on his theory of the value-form, will go on to form the basis of his globally-influential work.

Philosophy for Non-Philosophers

Author : Louis Althusser
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472592026
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (725 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy for Non-Philosophers by : Louis Althusser

Download or read book Philosophy for Non-Philosophers written by Louis Althusser and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-02-23 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1980, at the end of the most intensely political period of his work and life, Louis Althusser penned Philosophy for Non-philosophers. Available here for the first time in English, Philosophy for Non-philosophers constitutes a rigorous and engaged attempt to address a wide reading public unfamiliar with Althusser's project. As such, the work is a concentration of the most fundamental theses of Althusser's own ideas, and presents a synthesis of his sprawling and disparate philosophical and political writings. Nowhere else does Althusser push the distinction between philosophy and other disciplines as far, or develop in such detail the concept of 'practice'. Rather than a work of 'popular philosophy', Philosophy for Non-philosophers is a continuation and conglomeration of Althusser's thought; a thought whose radicality is still perceptible in those that have followed since. Philosophy for Non-philosophers thus provides a vivid encapsulation of Althusser's seminal influence on the leading thinkers of today, including Ranciere, Badiou, Balibar, and Žižek.

Nation and Aesthetics

Author : Kojin Karatani
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190622989
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Nation and Aesthetics by : Kojin Karatani

Download or read book Nation and Aesthetics written by Kojin Karatani and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-17 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nation and Aesthetics is a unique attempt to examine the ambiguous nature of nationalism and nation by examining them through aesthetics. In this translation by Jonathan E. Abel, Darwin H. Tsen, and Hiroki Yoshikuni, Karatani grasps the modern social formation as a nexus of three different "modes of exchange", namely capital-nation-state. Nation here plays the role of complementing capitalism and the state. Benedict Anderson defined nation as an "imagined community". Through rethinking Kant, Karatani suggests that "imagination" here is not a mere fancy, but very real, in the sense that it mediates state and capital. Usually imagination is regarded as fancying what is not present here. Kant grasped imagination as a faculty to imagine what we can understand but cannot sense; that is, to say, a faculty to mediate reason and sensibility. This observation provided the foundation to Modern aesthetics, which in the course of time became an important source of nationalism. In Italy, Germany, and Japan, nationalism appeared as fascism. They found in aesthetics a moment to go beyond capitalism and the state. The key to go beyond nation, Karatani argues, lies also in the thoughts of Kant, a cosmopolitan and an advocate of a world republic. It is well-known that the League of Nations was formed after First World War under the influence of his "Perpetual Peace". Karatani draws attention to the overlooked fact that around the same time Freud made a radical revision of his notion of the "superego". Karatani introduces article nine of Japan's postwar constitution, which renounces the right to wage war, as a crystallization of Kant's ideal of peace and Freud's superego. By providing a unique explanation of, and ways to counter, current nationalistic and imperialistic tendencies, Nation and Aesthetics argues that theories of Kant and Freud, which are usually understood to contrast, are deeply linked and suggest ways to go beyond capital-nation-state.

The Philosophy of Social Ecology

Author : Murray Bookchin
Publisher : AK Press
ISBN 13 : 1849354413
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (493 download)

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Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Social Ecology by : Murray Bookchin

Download or read book The Philosophy of Social Ecology written by Murray Bookchin and published by AK Press. This book was released on 2022-04-19 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is nature? What is humanity's place in nature? And what is the relationship of society to the natural world? In an era of ecological breakdown, answering these questions has become of momentous importance for our everyday lives and for the future that we and other life-forms face. In the essays of The Philosophy of Social Ecology, Murray Bookchin confronts these questions head on: invoking the ideas of mutualism, self-organization, and unity in diversity, in the service of ever expanding freedom. Refreshingly polemical and deeply philosophical, they take issue with technocratic and mechanistic ways of understanding and relating to, and within, nature. More importantly, they develop a solid, historically and politically based ethical foundation for social ecology, the field that Bookchin himself created and that offers us hope in the midst of our climate catastrophe.

Arendt on the Political

Author : David Arndt
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108498310
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Arendt on the Political by : David Arndt

Download or read book Arendt on the Political written by David Arndt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shows how Hannah Arendt opened up new ways of thinking about politics and a new approach to interpreting political history.

Delusions of Invulnerability

Author : G.E.R. Lloyd
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 1849667861
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (496 download)

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Book Synopsis Delusions of Invulnerability by : G.E.R. Lloyd

Download or read book Delusions of Invulnerability written by G.E.R. Lloyd and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How were the aims of philosophy and the responsibilities of philosophers conceived in ancient Greece and China? How were the learned elite recruited and controlled; how were their speculations and advice influenced by the different types of audiences they faced and the institutions in which they worked? How was a yearning for invulnerability reconciled with a sense of human frailty? In each chapter of this fascinating analysis ancient Greek and Chinese ideas and practices are used as a basis for critical reflections on the predicaments we continue to face today, with a particular focus on the key Greek ideas of the equal participation of all citizens in the political process, and on the key Chinese one of a dedication to the ideal of the welfare of all under heaven

Philosophical Temperaments

Author : Peter Sloterdijk
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231527403
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophical Temperaments by : Peter Sloterdijk

Download or read book Philosophical Temperaments written by Peter Sloterdijk and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-28 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peter Sloterdijk turns his keen eye to the history of western thought, conducting colorful readings of the lives and ideas of the world's most influential intellectuals. Featuring nineteen vignettes rich in personal characterizations and theoretical analysis, Sloterdijk's companionable volume casts the development of philosophical thinking not as a buildup of compelling books and arguments but as a lifelong, intimate struggle with intellectual and spiritual movements, filled with as many pitfalls and derailments as transcendent breakthroughs. Sloterdijk delves into the work and times of Aristotle, Augustine, Bruno, Descartes, Foucault, Fichte, Hegel, Husserl, Kant, Kierkegaard, Leibniz, Marx, Nietzsche, Pascal, Plato, Sartre, Schelling, Schopenhauer, and Wittgenstein. He provocatively juxtaposes Plato against shamanism and Marx against Gnosticism, revealing both the vital external influences shaping these intellectuals' thought and the excitement and wonder generated by the application of their thinking in the real world. The philosophical "temperament" as conceived by Sloterdijk represents the uniquely creative encounter between the mind and a diverse array of cultures. It marks these philosophers' singular achievements and the special dynamic at play in philosophy as a whole. Creston Davis's introduction details Sloterdijk's own temperament, surveying the celebrated thinker's intellectual context, rhetorical style, and philosophical persona.

The Origins of Philosophy in Ancient Greece and India

Author : Richard Seaford
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108499554
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Philosophy in Ancient Greece and India by : Richard Seaford

Download or read book The Origins of Philosophy in Ancient Greece and India written by Richard Seaford and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-05 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains for the first time the genesis and early form of both Indian and Greek philosophy, and their striking similarities.

Studies in Early Greek Philosophy

Author : Jaap Mansfeld
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004382062
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Studies in Early Greek Philosophy by : Jaap Mansfeld

Download or read book Studies in Early Greek Philosophy written by Jaap Mansfeld and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-09-11 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collection of nineteen articles in Jaap Mansfeld’s Studies in Early Greek Philosophy span the period from Anaximander to Socrates. Solutions to problems of interpretation are offered through a scrutiny of the sources, and also of the traditions of presentation and reception found in antiquity. Excursions in the history of scholarship help to diagnose discussions of which the primum movens may have been forgotten. General questions are treated, for instance the phenomenon of detheologization in doxographical texts, while problems relating to individual philosophers are also discussed. For example, the history of Anaximander’s cosmos, the status of Parmenides’ human world, and the reliability of what we know about the soul of Anaximenes, and of what Philoponus tells us about the behaviour of Democritus’ atoms.

A Culture of Freedom

Author : Christian Meier
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199588031
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis A Culture of Freedom by : Christian Meier

Download or read book A Culture of Freedom written by Christian Meier and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book takes us on a tour through the rich spectrum of Greek life and culture, from their epic and lyric poetry, political thought and philosophy, to their social life, military traditions, sport, and religious festivals, and finally to the early stages of Greek democracy. Running as a connecting thread throughout is a people's attempt to create a society based upon the concept of freedom rather than naked power.

Democracy and Goodness

Author : John R. Wallach
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108422578
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Democracy and Goodness by : John R. Wallach

Download or read book Democracy and Goodness written by John R. Wallach and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-25 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proposes a new democratic theory, rooted in activity not consent, and intrinsically related to historical understandings of power and ethics.

The Origins of Greek Thought

Author : Jean-Pierre Vernant
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801492938
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (929 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Greek Thought by : Jean-Pierre Vernant

Download or read book The Origins of Greek Thought written by Jean-Pierre Vernant and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 1984 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jean-Pierre Vernant's concise, brilliant essay on the origins of Greek thought relates the cultural achievement of the ancient Greeks to their physical and social environment and shows that what they believed in was inseparable from the way they lived. The emergence of rational thought, Vernant claims, is closely linked to the advent of the open-air politics that characterized life in the Greek polis. Vernant points out that when the focus of Mycenaean society gave way to the agora, the change had profound social and cultural implications. "Social experience could become the object of pragmatic thought for the Greeks," he writes, "because in the city-state it lent itself to public debate. The decline of myth dates from the day the first sages brought human order under discussion and sought to define it.... Thus evolved a strictly political thought, separate from religion, with its own vocabulary, concepts, principles, and theoretical aims."