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Investigation Of Strength Enhancement Mechanism And Size Effect On Ultimate Shear Strength Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Sfrc Slender Beams
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Book Synopsis Investigation of Strength-enhancement Mechanism and Size Effect on Ultimate Shear Strength of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) Slender Beams by : Mohammad Reza Zarrinpour
Download or read book Investigation of Strength-enhancement Mechanism and Size Effect on Ultimate Shear Strength of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) Slender Beams written by Mohammad Reza Zarrinpour and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research study consists of two separate phases. In the first phase, an experimental study was conducted to identify the shear-enhancement and failure mechanisms behind the ultimate shear strength of steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) slender beams by utilizing the full field deformation measuring capability of digital image correlation (DIC) technology. A total of 12 large-scale simply supported SFRC and RC beams with a range of heights including 12 in. (305 mm), 18 in. (457 mm), 24 in. (610 mm),36 in. (915 mm), and 48 in. (1220 mm) were tested under monotonic point load. The greater shear strength in SFRC beams stems from the fiber bridging effect which delays the propagation of the cracks into the compression zone. In contrast to the traditional assumption for either plain concrete or SFRC beams, where the shear contribution resulting from dowel action is completely neglected, this research clearly shows that the dowel action has an appreciable effect on the ultimate shear strength. Its contribution varies from 10% to 30% as the beam depth increases from 12 in. (305 mm) to 48 in. (1220 mm). On the other hand, the compression zone's contribution decreases from 69% to 36%with the increase in beam depth. In addition, the shear contribution from the fiber bridging effect along the critical shear crack stays virtually unchanged at 20%, regardless of beam depth. In this study, the minimum shear strength obtained was in the range of 5 SQRT (f'c) psi (0.42 SQRT (f'c) MPa) for the beams with the greatest depth. This indicates that the maximum allowed shear stress limit of 1.5 SQRT (f'c) psi (0.125 SQRT (f'c) MPa) specified in ACI 318-14 is on the very conservative side. While the size effect on ultimate shear strength of plain concrete beams has been well researched in the past decades, limited tests were carried out to study the extent and mechanism of size effect in steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams. Current American Concrete Institute's ACI 318 Building Code restricts the use of steel fiber as minimum shear reinforcement to beams with a height up to 24 in. (610 mm). In the next phase of the study, in addition to the analyzing of the current testing data, the laboratory test results from the first part of the study and the respective digital image correlation (DIC) images were examined to identify the underlying factors that cause size effect on ultimate shear stress of SFRC slender beams. Moderate size effect was observed in the beams tested in this study. Through the full field strains and a mechanical based analysis, it was found that the size effect is a function of both the beam height and the shear span length.In larger beams, due to the greater horizontal and vertical distance from the compression zone to the supports, the critical diagonal shear crack was able to propagate deeply into the top of the beams. As a consequence, the compression zone exhibits less contribution to shear resistance in larger size beams, and the dowel action becomes more critical. Therefore, a minor flaw in dowel zone such as lacking well-distribution of steel fibers results in early destruction of dowel resistance and shear failure.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Fiber Corrosion on Shear Capacity of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams and an Initial Investigation on Alkali-silika Reaction in Steel Fiber-reinforced Concrete by : Regina Nyambura Waweru
Download or read book The Effect of Fiber Corrosion on Shear Capacity of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams and an Initial Investigation on Alkali-silika Reaction in Steel Fiber-reinforced Concrete written by Regina Nyambura Waweru and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first part of this research aims to investigate the effect of fiber corrosion on the shear capacity of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete beams. It will also strive to determine at what reduction in minimum diameter of the fiber does the effect of corrosion become most severe on the shear capacity of the beam. Four simply-supported beams with a shear span to depth ratio of 3.3 were subjected to a monotonically increasing load. The targeted concrete compressive strength for all beams was 6000 psi. This however differed from the measured strength due to a number of factors as will be discussed in the paper. The fixed parameters for the experiment were the beam size, shear span-to-effective depth ratio, and concrete compressive strength, while the varied parameters were the fiber content and the extent of corrosion of the steel fibers. Pre-corroded fibers were used in this research to give the worst case scenario because in real life situations, only the fibers closest to the surface of the concrete (0.10 in. from surface) or those close to a crack will be corroded. Hooked steel fibers were used at a volume fraction of 0.75% with an aspect ratio of 125 and a length of 1 in. Small specimen tests were also conducted to determine the change in the mechanical properties of SFRC at different levels of corrosion. The tests conducted were: the three point loading test, the compression test and the fiber pullout tests. Test results revealed that a 12.5% reduction in the minimum fiber diameter, has almost no effect on the shear capacity of beams. Results from the fiber pullout tests showed a slight increase in the pullout load which seems to indicate an increase in the bond between the fiber and cementitious matrix. However, for beams with a 50% reduction in the minimum fiber diameter a 24% reduction in the shear strength of the beam was witnessed. These observations indicated that the type of failure for these beams was through fiber breakage before pullout. The results from the fiber pullout specimens also seemed to support this failure mode as 80% of the fibers broke before pullout. Finally recommendations are made for more future research on the topic. The second part of the thesis covers the initial investigation on alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in SFRC. Most importantly, it tries to determine whether the addition of fibers to concrete can actually arrest cracks due to ASR in concrete and thus counteract its effect on the durability of the structure. Four beams with dimensions of 20 x 6 x 6 in. were cast using reactive aggregates, in accordance to ASTM C1260 and C1293 and subjected to an accelerated ASR test. Two beams were reinforced with 1% fibers while the control specimens had no fibers. From the preliminary observations on the beams by measuring their elongation, the SFRC beams showed less expansion compared to the plain concrete beams. Based on these these initial findings, a more intense research was recommended on the effect of steel fibers on ASR. This is an ongoing research that will take a couple of years as the specimens with reactive aggregates will be cast and put in the natural environment for cracking to occur due to ASR. The specimens will then be compared with their counterparts with no fibers to reach a conclusion.
Book Synopsis Shear Behavior of Steel Fiber Reinforced Prestressed Concrete Beams Without Shear Reinforcement by : Jae-Sung Cho
Download or read book Shear Behavior of Steel Fiber Reinforced Prestressed Concrete Beams Without Shear Reinforcement written by Jae-Sung Cho and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ACI 318-08 building code allows to use the steel fiber reinforcement as alternative shear reinforcement with satisfying certain criteria when a beam is required minimum shear reinforcement. However, this provision applies to a nonprestressed and prestressed concrete beam such that it could be conservative since the shear strength of prestressed concrete beam is generally enhanced due to the prestressing force. This is due partially to the fact that the provision has been accepted based on researches, mostly conducted in nonprestressed concrete beam. Most of experiments conducted for prestressed concrete beam in small scale tests, with a height of specimens were less than 10 in. A larger scale of experiment is required due to concerns of size effect. In addition, in order to evaluate the qualification of a Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) mixture used for structural applications, such as increasing shear resistance, a material evaluation method is essential. Currently ASTM or ACI Committee 544 (Fiber-Reinforced Concrete) does not recommend any standardized test method for evaluating shear performance of a particular SFRC material. This study addresses the research gaps described above by testing large-scale Steel Fiber Reinforced Prestressed Concrete (SFRPC) beams as well as developing a simple laboratory test techniques. A total 13 simply-supported beams for large-scale test with a shear span to effective depth ratio of 3.0 and a height of 24 in. were subjected to monotonically-increased, concentrated load. The test parameters were mainly included compressive strength, volume fraction of steel fibers, compressive reinforcement ratio. The results of large-scale test showed that the use of hooked steel fibers in a volume fraction greater than or equal to 0.50% volume fraction of steel fibers (67 lb per cubic yard), which is less than requirement by ACI 318-08 (0.75%, 100 lb per cubic yard), led to substantial enhancement of shear behaviors including the first cracking, the ultimate, and ductility. High compressive strength of SFRC, greater than 9000 psi, which is higher than ACI 318-08 requirement (less than 6000 psi) could be used as well. However, there was no significant effect from compressive reinforcement ratio. A simply shear test method for SFRC was proposed in this study. The test apparatus is almost exactly the same as the conventional ASTM bending test with only minor modification, in addition, it could simulate a pure shear stress by adjusting loading and support positions. By introducing a proper reinforcement for bending stress, it was possible to evaluate shear performance of SFRC with clear and uncomplicated shear stress field in the critical section.
Book Synopsis Mechanics of Fiber and Textile Reinforced Cement Composites by : Barzin Mobasher
Download or read book Mechanics of Fiber and Textile Reinforced Cement Composites written by Barzin Mobasher and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among all building materials, concrete is the most commonly used-and there is a staggering demand for it. However, as we strive to build taller structures with improved seismic resistance or durable pavement with an indefinite service life, we require materials with better performance than the conventional materials used today. Considering the enor
Book Synopsis On Shear Behavior of Structural Elements Made of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete by : Estefanía Cuenca
Download or read book On Shear Behavior of Structural Elements Made of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete written by Estefanía Cuenca and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-27 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds light on the shear behavior of Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) elements, presenting a thorough analysis of the most important studies in the field and highlighting their shortcomings and issues that have been neglected to date. Instead of proposing a new formula, which would add to an already long list, it instead focuses on existing design codes. Based on a comparison of experimental tests, it provides a thorough analysis of these codes, describing both their reliability and weaknesses. Among other issues, the book addresses the influence of flange size on shear, and the possible inclusion of the flange factor in design formulas. Moreover, it reports in detail on tests performed on beams made of concrete of different compressive strengths, and on fiber reinforcements to study the influence on shear, including size effects. Lastly, the book presents a thorough analysis of FRC hollow core slabs. In fact, although this is an area of great interest in the current research landscape, it remains largely unexplored due to the difficulties encountered in attempting to fit transverse reinforcement in these elements.
Book Synopsis Shear Behavior of Steel -fiber Reinforced Ultra- High-strength Self -compacted Concrete Beams by : Omar Jumah Zaal Rawashdeh
Download or read book Shear Behavior of Steel -fiber Reinforced Ultra- High-strength Self -compacted Concrete Beams written by Omar Jumah Zaal Rawashdeh and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultra-high-strength concrete is a new class of concrete that has been the result of the progress in concrete material science and development. This new type of concrete is characterized with very high compressive strength; about 100 MPa. Ultra-high strength concrete shows very brittle failure behavior compared to normal-strength concrete. Steel fibers will significantly reduce the workability of ultra-high strength concrete. The development and use of self-compacting concrete has provided a solution to the workability issue. The combination of technology and knowledge to produce Ultra-High strength fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete was proved to be feasible. Few studies investigated the effect of incorporating steel fibers on the shear behavior of ultra-high-strength reinforced concrete beams. The research consists of a test series and analytical investigation. The present research investigated the shear behavior of reinforced beams made of normal-strength-concrete fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete (28 MPa), high-strength concrete fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete (60 MPa) and ultra-high-strength fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete (100 MPa). The test parameters included two different shear span-to-depth ratios of 2.22 (deep beam action) and 3.33 (slender beam action), and three different steel fiber volume fractions of 0.4%, 0.8%, and 1.2%. The test results showed that the shear strength gain ranged from 20% to 129% for the beams having a concrete grade of 28 MPa, 26% to 63% for the beams having a concrete grade of 60 MPa, and 8.6% to 94% for the beams with a concrete grade of 100 MPa. For the deep beams, the shear strength gain tended to decrease by increasing the concrete grade. For the slender beams with steel fiber volume fractions of 0.4% and 0.8%, varying the concrete grade had no obvious effect on the shear strength gain. For the viii slender beams with the higher steel fiber volume fraction of 1.2%, the shear strength gain tended to decrease with an increase in the concrete grade. In the analytical investigation, the accuracy and validity of published analytical models have been demonstrated. Predictions of analytical models by Ashour et al. (1992) and Narayanan et al. (1987) were in good agreement with the experimental results.
Book Synopsis Advanced Composites by : Viktor Gribniak
Download or read book Advanced Composites written by Viktor Gribniak and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-06-02 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering practice has revealed that innovative technologies’ structural applications require new design concepts related to developing materials with mechanical properties tailored for construction purposes. This would allow the efficient use of engineering materials. The efficiency can be understood in a simplified and heuristic manner as the optimization of performance and the proper combination of structural components, leading to the consumption of the least amount of natural resources. The solution to the eco-optimization problem, based on the adequate characterization of the materials, will enable implementing environmentally friendly engineering principles when the efficient use of advanced materials guarantees the required structural safety. Identifying fundamental relationships between the structure of advanced composites and their physical properties is the focus of this book. The collected articles explore the development of sustainable composites with valorized manufacturability corresponding to Industrial Revolution 4.0 ideology. The publications, amongst others, reveal that the application of nano-particles improves the mechanical performance of composite materials; heat-resistant aluminium composites ensure the safety of overhead power transmission lines; chemical additives can detect the impact of temperature on concrete structures. This book demonstrates that construction materials’ choice has considerable room for improvement from a scientific viewpoint, following heuristic approaches.
Book Synopsis PRO 30: 4th International RILEM Workshop on High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites (HPFRCC 4) by : Antoine E. Naaman
Download or read book PRO 30: 4th International RILEM Workshop on High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites (HPFRCC 4) written by Antoine E. Naaman and published by RILEM Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structural Behaviour of Self Consolidating Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams by : Michael I. Cohen
Download or read book Structural Behaviour of Self Consolidating Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams written by Michael I. Cohen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When subjected to a combination of moment and shear force, a reinforced concrete (RC) beam with either little or no transverse reinforcement can fail in shear before reaching its full flexural strength. This type of failure is sudden in nature and usually disastrous because it does not give sufficient warning prior to collapse. To prevent this type of shear failure, reinforced concrete beams are traditionally reinforced with stirrups. However, the use of stirrups is not always cost effective since it increases labor costs, and can make casting concrete difficult in situations where closely-spaced stirrups are required. The use of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) could be considered as a potential alternative to the use of traditional shear reinforcement. Concrete is very weak and brittle in tension, SFRC transforms this behaviour and improves the diagonal tension capacity of concrete and thus can result in significant enhancements in shear capacity. However, one of the drawbacks associated with SFRC is that the addition of fibers to a regular concrete mix can cause problems in workability. The use of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) is an innovative solution to this problem and can result in improved workability when fibers are added to the mix. The thesis presents the experimental results from tests on twelve slender self-consolidating fiber reinforced concrete (SCFRC) beams tested under four-point loading. The results demonstrate the combined use of SCC and steel fibers can improve the shear resistance of reinforced concrete beams, enhance crack control and can promote flexural ductility. Despite extensive research, there is a lack of accurate and reliable design guidelines for the use of SFRC in beams. This study presents a rational model which can accurately predict the shear resistance of steel fiber reinforced concrete beams. The thesis also proposes a safe and reliable equation which can be used for the shear design of SFRC beams.
Book Synopsis Materials, Design, and Manufacturing for Sustainable Environment by : Santhakumar Mohan
Download or read book Materials, Design, and Manufacturing for Sustainable Environment written by Santhakumar Mohan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-06 with total page 909 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises the select proceedings of the International Conference on Materials, Design and Manufacturing for Sustainable Environment (ICMDMSE 2020). The primary focus is on emerging materials and cutting-edge manufacturing technologies for sustainable environment. The book covers a wide range of topics such as advanced materials, vibration, tribology, finite element method (FEM), heat transfer, fluid mechanics, energy engineering, additive manufacturing, robotics and automation, automobile engineering, industry 4.0, MEMS and nanotechnology, optimization techniques, condition monitoring, and new paradigms in technology management. Contents of this book will be useful to students, researchers, and practitioners alike.
Book Synopsis Advances in Structural Engineering by : Vasant Matsagar
Download or read book Advances in Structural Engineering written by Vasant Matsagar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-12 with total page 1033 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents research papers presented by academicians, researchers, and practicing structural engineers from India and abroad in the recently held Structural Engineering Convention (SEC) 2014 at Indian Institute of Technology Delhi during 22 – 24 December 2014. The book is divided into three volumes and encompasses multidisciplinary areas within structural engineering, such as earthquake engineering and structural dynamics, structural mechanics, finite element methods, structural vibration control, advanced cementitious and composite materials, bridge engineering, and soil-structure interaction. Advances in Structural Engineering is a useful reference material for structural engineering fraternity including undergraduate and postgraduate students, academicians, researchers and practicing engineers.
Book Synopsis Study of Shear for Steel Fibre Reinforcement Concrete Beam with Ratio 0.10%, 0.30%, 0.50%, 0.70% and 0.90% by : Mohd Arif Mohd Rusli
Download or read book Study of Shear for Steel Fibre Reinforcement Concrete Beam with Ratio 0.10%, 0.30%, 0.50%, 0.70% and 0.90% written by Mohd Arif Mohd Rusli and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, civil structure still faces with the same problem of uncontrolled flexural strength that can make cracks occured on the beam surface and can reach to the reinforcement bar. How to come this problem is by adding some additive materials like steel fibres. Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) can be produced by adding some amount of fibre in the concrete mix. The function of SRFC is to overcome the problem of the concrete that has the weakness about the strength. The SFRC will be function to improve or increase the strength of the concrete due to the increase of the loading. Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) materials are very attractive for use in civil engineering applications due to their high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios, corrosion resistance, light weight and potentially high durability. For this study, the variable is the percentage of steel fibre. The percentage of steel fibre is 0.10%, 0.30%, 0.50%, 0.70% and 0.90%. All of this percentage is calculated in terms of volume. The objectives of this study are to find the significant of shear due to a variation of steel fibre ratios in beam design, to find out the value of compressive and bending stress of the samples and to compare and choose the optimum percentage of steel fibre contents in concrete structure respect to its shear strength. Concrete compression test and flexural test was conducted. The graphs used to present the results. Higher percent of steel fibre will give the higher value of shear, compressive and flexural.
Book Synopsis Shear Behaviour of Steel Fibre-reinforced High Strength Lightweight Concrete Beams Without Web Reinforcement by : Fahad Alzahrani
Download or read book Shear Behaviour of Steel Fibre-reinforced High Strength Lightweight Concrete Beams Without Web Reinforcement written by Fahad Alzahrani and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this investigation was to determine the influence of adding two different shapes with different lengths of steel fibres on the shear behaviour of lightweight and normal weight concrete beams with normal and high concrete grades. Thirty-six prisms of (100 mm wide, 100 mm deep, and 400 mm long) and seventy two cylindrical samples of (100 mm diameter 200 mm high) were cast and tested to determine the concrete mechanical properties for specimens. These samples were tested in order to discover the role of steel fibres on enhancing concrete properties in general. The modulus of rupture, flexural toughness, toughness, compressive strength and splitting tensile strength were inspected based on the small-scaled material samples. In the structural experiment, a group of twelve large-scaled reinforced concrete beams without shear reinforcement were primarily analyzed, designed and tested in the structures lab at Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN). These specimens were built to study the load-deflection curves, shear and flexural behaviour, concrete and steel strains and the ultimate load resistance. Simply supported beams with dimensions of (200 mm wide, 400 deep, and 2900 mm long) were structurally tested, analyzed and discussed. in order to investigate the previous responses. Three factors were proposed in this experiment. The first factor was the type of the aggregates and the second parameter taken into consideration was the concrete compressive strength that divided the beams into two groups of high and normal strengths. Thirdly, two different lengths of steel fibres with different end-shapes were considered as the third variable in order to evaluate the effects of the length of the steel fibres on the shear behaviour. All beams contained 1.46% of longitudinal tension reinforcement ratio. Besides this, a fixed concrete cross section was suggested for all beams. Testing specimens were setup on a specified constant shear span-to-depth ratio of 3. According to a recommendation by ACI, a fixed volume fraction of 0.75% of steel fibres was added to SFRC beams. The specimens with long fibres resisted higher shear stresses and were more ductile than the ones reinforced with shorter fibres. Overall, the presence of both short and long steel fibres improved beams shear resistance by a range varied from 35% to 72% compared to reference RC beams. However, shear strength of beams with long steel fibres enhanced more by an average amount of 10% in contrast with short SFs beams.
Book Synopsis Shear Capacity of Fiber-reinforced Concrete Under Pure Shear by : Ahmad M. Ishtewi
Download or read book Shear Capacity of Fiber-reinforced Concrete Under Pure Shear written by Ahmad M. Ishtewi and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concrete members with steel fibers generally increase the shear and torsional strength of concrete; however, supplementing or replacing the stirrups with steel fibers is still not an accepted practice. Previous studies documented many tests of steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams with and without stirrups that failed in shear. The results indicated that the shear span-depth ratio adversely affects the shear capacity. As part of this experimental study, the picture frame fixture was used to test 20 SFRC samples under in-plane pure shear loading. Samples included hooked, crimped and arched-crimped steel fibers with varying volume fractions. Models for SFRC beam shear strength were reexamined using the current test data. The evaluation indicated that the model developed by Ashour provided the most accurate estimates to account for fibers efficiency in contribution to shear strength. Furthermore, the hooked steel fibers were shown to be more efficient than crimped fibers, and further increase of fiber volume fraction beyond 1 percent of crimped fibers did not result in significant improvements in the shear strength.
Book Synopsis Fibrous Concrete by : Concrete Society
Download or read book Fibrous Concrete written by Concrete Society and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advanced Concrete Technology by : Zongjin Li
Download or read book Advanced Concrete Technology written by Zongjin Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-11 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades concrete has enjoyed a renewed level of research and testing, resulting in the development of many new types of concrete. Through the use of various additives, production techniques and chemical processes, there is now a great degree of control over the properties of specific concretes for a wide range of applications. New theories, models and testing techniques have also been developed to push the envelope of concrete as a building material. There is no current textbook which brings all of these advancements together in a single volume. This book aims to bridge the gap between the traditional concrete technologies and the emerging state-of-the-art technologies which are gaining wider use.
Book Synopsis Structural Applications of Fiber Reinforced Concrete by : Nemkumar Banthia
Download or read book Structural Applications of Fiber Reinforced Concrete written by Nemkumar Banthia and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
