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Investigation Of Risk Taking Behaviors Associated With The Hiv Positive Status Among African American Women
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Book Synopsis Investigation of Risk-taking Behaviors Associated with the HIV-positive Status Among African American Women by : Emory L. Perkins
Download or read book Investigation of Risk-taking Behaviors Associated with the HIV-positive Status Among African American Women written by Emory L. Perkins and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Barriers and Facilitators to HIV Testing Among Residents of a High Risk African American Community by : Lindsay Beane
Download or read book Barriers and Facilitators to HIV Testing Among Residents of a High Risk African American Community written by Lindsay Beane and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HIV/AIDS is a leading cause of death among African Americans living in the United States. HIV testing is both an essential mechanism to support the accurate epidemiological tracking of the disease, and a crucial entry point into treatment for individuals who are infected with HIV. This cross-sectional study involving a probability sampling of adult residents of an impoverished, African American, high HIV prevalence community in northwest Baltimore was conducted to determine barriers to HIV testing on individual and system levels. The study's door-to-door household survey approach supported the goal to identify lower risk residents. An 84-question survey instrument, based on a conceptual framework loosely modeled on the Health Belief Model but tailored to an urban minority population, was used to explore both subjects' internal decision-making around HIV testing and systemic barriers to HIV testing. The instrument was implemented via face-to-face interviews with 223 adults between 18 and 88 years that were conducted in each subject's home. Regression analysis revealed that knowledge about HIV/AIDS, high risk behaviors, and perceived susceptibility to infection are all significantly associated with HIV testing, and that testing is widespread among 25 to 44-year-olds. Subjects' main reasons for testing included concerns about exposure and doctors' recommendations to get tested; subjects' reasons for not testing included the conviction that committed relationships do not carry risk, and a general lack of concern. The study's important implications included (1) perceived risk may not correlate with actual risk, and (2) a majority of subjects reported behaviors that place them at medium or high risk for infection. The disconnect between perceived and actual risk was most evident among women whose perceived In summary, while the study found no major barriers to HIV testing among an impoverished, urban, minority population, findings related to risk hold implications for HIV prevention efforts designed to reduce heterosexual transmission of the virus. Further qualitative research is needed to explore the cognitive, emotional, and socio-cultural aspects of both perceived and actual risk in the African American population. susceptibility was low even while they reported their male sexual partners' high risk behaviors -- Abstract.
Book Synopsis Psychosocial Factors that Contribute to HIV/AIDS Risk Behaviors Among Young Black College Women by : Binta D. Alleyne
Download or read book Psychosocial Factors that Contribute to HIV/AIDS Risk Behaviors Among Young Black College Women written by Binta D. Alleyne and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the relationship between certain factors associated with the Theory of Gender and Power including: sexual relationships, condom use self-efficacy, substance use, and.perceived risk to HIV/AIDS risk behaviors among young Black college women. It provides an intellectual context for empirically-based and theory-supported interventions geared toward this population. African American women are disproportionately burdened by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Statistics show that African American women account for 64% of all HIV/AIDS cases reported in 2005 compared to White women at 19% and Hispanic women at 15% (CDC, 2005). Typically, the majority of HIV/AIDS research focuses on prevention for lowincome, substance abusing minority women, adolescents, and men who have sex with men (MSM), while young Black college women are ignored as a risk group. Though this group does not have some of the common risk factors commonly associated with HIV such as poverty, injection drug use, or low levels of education, they still engage in behaviors that place them at risk for contracting HIV. This study consisted of convenience sample of 189 young Black women from Clark Atlanta University between the ages of 18 and 24. Participants were recruited through various campus student organizations. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to test each research hypothesis. Results indicated that type(s) of sexual relationship was the strongest predictor of condom use among young Black college women and accounted for 2.5% of the variance in their condom use. HIV/AIDS knowledge, condom use self-efficacy, substance use nor HIV/AIDS perceived risk predicted this sample's condom use.
Book Synopsis What it Means to be a Man by : Jessica Lynette Johnson
Download or read book What it Means to be a Man written by Jessica Lynette Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HIV/AIDS is a growing concern in the African American community. From 2005 to 2008, there was a 12% increase in HIV/AIDS diagnoses among African Americans (CDC, 2010a). African American males have higher rates of HIV/AIDS diagnoses than any other ethnic or racial groups. In 2006, 65% of the HIV/AIDS cases among African Americans were from adult males (CDC, 2010a). These higher rates are in part attributed to higher levels of sexual risk-taking including unprotected sex, sex with multiple partners, and sex with high-risk partners. African American adult men get tested at almost the same rate (52%) as African American women 53% (CDC, 2007). HIV testing is important to the prevention of HIV/AIDS and can result in substantial reductions in risk behaviors (Marks, Crepaz, & Janssen, 2006; Weinhardt, Carey, Johnson, & Bickham, 1999). Masculinity, a man's concept of what it means to be man, influences engagement in sexual risk-taking behaviors (Bowleg, 2004, Duck, 2009; Lichtenstein, 2004), as well as health-seeking behaviors (Hammond, Matthews, Mohottige, Agyemang, & Corbie-Smith, 2010; Royster, Richmond, Eng, & Margolis, 2006). One form of masculinity, hypermasculinity is related to sexual risk-taking behaviors, especially among young African American males. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the relationship between hypermasculinity and sexual risk-taking, and HIV testing among African American males. One hundred twenty-six African American male college students were recruited to participate in an HIV prevention intervention for African American women on a Historically Black College and University (HBCU) campus. Prior to participating in the intervention, participants completed a questionnaire with measures of hypermasculinity, sexual behavior, and HIV testing. The results showed that hypermasculinity predicted frequency of sex. Hypermasculinity and frequency of sex predicted lifetime HIV testing. Frequency of sex and the number of sex partners predicted current HIV testing (in the past month). The interaction between hypermasculinity and frequency of sex was marginally significant. The findings from this research may increase our understanding of sexual risk-taking, improve HIV testing initiatives, and be useful in the development of HIV prevention programs for African American heterosexual males.
Author :American Psychiatric Association Publisher :American Psychiatric Pub ISBN 13 :0890426821 Total Pages :226 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Pharmacological Treatment of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder by : American Psychiatric Association
Download or read book The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Pharmacological Treatment of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder written by American Psychiatric Association and published by American Psychiatric Pub. This book was released on 2018-01-11 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major public health problem in the United States. The estimated 12-month and lifetime prevalence values for AUD are 13.9% and 29.1%, respectively, with approximately half of individuals with lifetime AUD having a severe disorder. AUD and its sequelae also account for significant excess mortality and cost the United States more than $200 billion annually. Despite its high prevalence and numerous negative consequences, AUD remains undertreated. In fact, fewer than 1 in 10 individuals in the United States with a 12-month diagnosis of AUD receive any treatment. Nevertheless, effective and evidence-based interventions are available, and treatment is associated with reductions in the risk of relapse and AUD-associated mortality. The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Pharmacological Treatment of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder seeks to reduce these substantial psychosocial and public health consequences of AUD for millions of affected individuals. The guideline focuses specifically on evidence-based pharmacological treatments for AUD in outpatient settings and includes additional information on assessment and treatment planning, which are an integral part of using pharmacotherapy to treat AUD. In addition to reviewing the available evidence on the use of AUD pharmacotherapy, the guideline offers clear, concise, and actionable recommendation statements, each of which is given a rating that reflects the level of confidence that potential benefits of an intervention outweigh potential harms. The guideline provides guidance on implementing these recommendations into clinical practice, with the goal of improving quality of care and treatment outcomes of AUD.
Book Synopsis Sexual Behaviour and HIV/AIDS in Europe by : Michel Hubert
Download or read book Sexual Behaviour and HIV/AIDS in Europe written by Michel Hubert and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-03-30 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1998 Sexual Behaviour and HIV/AIDS in Europe is detailed study comparing the major population surveys on sexual behaviour and HIV/AIDS carried out in Europe at the time of publication. Leading European researchers explore the differences and similarities between European countries in patterns of sexual behaviour and responses to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. As well as providing an empirical and methodological base for future research, the comparative analyses lead researchers, policy makers, health-educators and the media to new insights and a deeper understanding of issues that are of central concern in many countries. The chapters include discussion of data on sexual initiation, homosexual and bisexual behaviour, sexual practices, sexual partners, risk behaviour, STDs, preventive practices, the normative context, knowledge of HIV/AIDS, and attitudes towards people with HIV/AIDS. The book results from a major European Concerted Action, funded by the European Union Biomedical and Health Research programme (BIOMED), and coordinated by the Centre d'Etudes Sociologiques of the Facultes Universitaires Saint-Louis, Brussels, Belgium. It follows Sexual Interactions and HIV Risk, published in 1997.
Book Synopsis AIDS and Behavior by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book AIDS and Behavior written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HIV is spreading rapidly, and effective treatments continue to elude science. Preventive interventions are now our best defense against the epidemicâ€"but they require a clear understanding of the behavioral and mental health aspects of HIV infection and AIDS. AIDS and Behavior provides an update of what investigators in the biobehavioral, psychological, and social sciences have discovered recently about those aspects of the disease and offers specific recommendations for research directions and priorities. This volume candidly discusses the sexual and drug-use behaviors that promote transmission of HIV and reports on the latest efforts to monitor the epidemic in its social contexts. The committee reviews new findings on how and why risky behaviors occur and efforts to develop strategies for changing such behaviors. The volume presents findings on the disease's progression and on the psychosocial impacts of HIV and AIDS, with a view toward intervention and improved caregiving. AIDS and Behavior also evaluates the status of behavioral and prevention aspects of AIDS research at the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. The volume presents background on the three institutes; their recent reorganization; their research budgets, programs, and priorities; and other important details. The committee offers specific recommendations for the institutes concerning the balance between biomedical and behavioral investigations, adequacy of administrative structures, and other research management issues. Anyone interested in the continuing quest for new knowledge on preventing HIV and AIDS will want to own this book: policymakers, researchers, research administrators, public health professionals, psychologists, AIDS advocates and service providers, faculty, and students.
Book Synopsis Social Influence Processes and Prevention by : John Edwards
Download or read book Social Influence Processes and Prevention written by John Edwards and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis song and legend from the middle ages by : william d. mcclintock
Download or read book song and legend from the middle ages written by william d. mcclintock and published by . This book was released on 1893 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Sexual Organization of the City by : Edward O. Laumann
Download or read book The Sexual Organization of the City written by Edward O. Laumann and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2005-08-01 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We think of the city as a place where anything goes. Take the sensational fantasies and lurid antics of single women on Sex in the City or young men on Queer as Folk, and you might imagine the city as some kind of sexual playground—a place where you can have any kind of sex you want, with whomever you like, anytime or anywhere you choose. But in The Sexual Organization of the City, Edward Laumann and company argue that this idea is a myth. Drawing on extensive surveys and interviews with Chicago adults, they show that the city is—to the contrary—a place where sexual choices and options are constrained. From Wicker Park and Boys Town to the South Side and Pilsen, they observe that sexual behavior and partnering are significantly limited by such factors as which neighborhood you live in, your ethnicity, what your sexual preference might be, or the circle of friends to which you belong. In other words, the social and institutional networks that city dwellers occupy potentially limit their sexual options by making different types of sexual activities, relationships, or meeting places less accessible. To explain this idea of sex in the city, the editors of this work develop a theory of sexual marketplaces—the places where people look for sexual partners. They then use this theory to consider a variety of questions about sexuality: Why do sexual partnerships rarely cross racial and ethnic lines, even in neighborhoods where relatively few same-ethnicity partners are available? Why do gay men and lesbians have few public meeting spots in some neighborhoods, but a wide variety in others? Why are African Americans less likely to marry than whites? Does having a lot of friends make you less likely to get a sexually transmitted disease? And why do public health campaigns promoting safe sex seem to change the behaviors of some, but not others? Considering vital questions such as these, and shedding new light on the city of Chicago, this work will profoundly recast our ideas about human sexual behavior.
Book Synopsis Sexual Interactions and HIV Risk by : Luc van Campenhoudt
Download or read book Sexual Interactions and HIV Risk written by Luc van Campenhoudt and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1997 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work examines the theories and perspectives involved in the study of sexual risk behaviour and HIV. It provides a framework for analysis based on sexual interactions and their social context.
Book Synopsis Body Composition and Physical Health in Sports Practice by : Stefania Toselli
Download or read book Body Composition and Physical Health in Sports Practice written by Stefania Toselli and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2021-05-31 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on human body composition has gained relevance given the recognized health impact of several body components. Many contemporary scientists have contributed to the field of body composition research as it exists today, even though interest in the topic extends back several thousand years. Quantifying human body composition in sports practice plays an important role in monitoring athletes' health status, performances, and training regimens. Such analysis can be performed in different contexts and with different approaches-e.g., in cross-sectional studies that aim to characterize sporting group samples and in longitudinal research finalized to define short-term or long-term changes and implications for physical health and performance. Body composition is also fundamental for a correct interpretation of body mass and weight status to plan specific interventions. This book adds new information on the effect of body composition on physical health and sport performance, current body composition measurement techniques and strategies for improving physical health through sports practice.
Author :Donna Hubbard McCree, PhD, MPH, RPh Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :0387783210 Total Pages :336 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (877 download)
Book Synopsis African Americans and HIV/AIDS by : Donna Hubbard McCree, PhD, MPH, RPh
Download or read book African Americans and HIV/AIDS written by Donna Hubbard McCree, PhD, MPH, RPh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among U. S. racial and ethnic minority populations, African American communities are the most disproportionately impacted and affected by HIV/AIDS (CDC, 2009; CDC, 2008). The chapters in this volume seek to explore factors that contribute to this disparity as well as methods for intervening and positively impacting the e- demic in the U. S. The book is divided into two sections. The first section includes chapters that explore specific contextual and structural factors related to HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention in African Americans. The second section is composed of chapters that address the latest in intervention strategies, including best-evidence and promising-evidence based behavioral interventions, program evaluation, cost effectiveness analyses and HIV testing and counseling. As background for the book, the Introduction provides a summary of the context and importance of other infectious disease rates, (i. e. , sexually transmitted diseases [STDs] and tubercu- sis), to HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment in African Americans and a brief introductory discussion on the major contextual factors related to the acquisition and transmission of STDs/HIV. Contextual Chapters Johnson & Dean author the first chapter in this section, which discusses the history and epidemiology of HIV/AIDS among African Americans. Specifically, this ch- ter provides a definition for and description of the US surveillance systems used to track HIV/AIDS and presents data on HIV or AIDS cases diagnosed between 2002 and 2006 and reported to CDC as of June 30, 2007.
Book Synopsis Psychological Abuse in Violent Domestic Relations by : K. Daniel O'Leary, PhD
Download or read book Psychological Abuse in Violent Domestic Relations written by K. Daniel O'Leary, PhD and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2004 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses the importance of measuring psychological abuse and shows that psychological aggression can be reliably measured. Part I identifies measurement issues and contains several scales and inventories for measuring psychological maltreatment. Part II discusses the interpersonal dynamics with specific populations, including battered women, low-income women, and African American women. This remains an important resource in the field of domestic violence.
Book Synopsis Unequal Opportunity by : Richard J. Wolitski
Download or read book Unequal Opportunity written by Richard J. Wolitski and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2008 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most public health students, academicians, and practitioners recognize the association between racial/ethnic minority status and the disproportionate burden of preventable disease in the United States. Much less attention has been directed, however, toward health disparities that affect gay and bisexual men. These disparities affect the lives of an estimated 5.3-7.4 million American men, and are an important concern for public health. Until very recently, the relative invisibility of this group and a paucity of empirical data have hampered attempts to identify health disparities experienced by gay and bisexual men. This book proposes to review and synthesize evidence of health disparities among gay and bisexual men, identify individual and community factors that contribute to these disparities, and articulate strategies for public health efforts to eliminate disparities. To date, these disparities have been largely discussed in isolation in the research literature in a manner that does not permit a comprehensive examination of these problems, their underlying causes, and potential solutions. Thus, a primary emphasis of the book will be to document health disparities among gay and bisexual men while also describing public health solutions to these challenges.
Download or read book Women at Risk written by Ann O'Leary, PhD and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: AIDS is the fourth leading cause of death among women of childbearing age and is increasing by about 8% a year in this group. * And yet, our understanding of the impact of HIV and AIDS on women's lives remains fragmented and incomplete. After a decade of struggling with mounting surveys of risk behavior, clinical trials, and behavioral interventions that were based primarily on experience with gay communities in large cities and, subsequently, on the needs of injection drug users, we have not given programs for women the attention they require if they are to be meaningful, effective, and gender appropriate. This book will introduce the reader to the range of complex issues of HIV and AIDS in women's lives. Ann O'Leary and Loretta Sweet Jemmott have assembled an impres sive list of authors who have contributed chapters from different disciplinary viewpoints. The reader will find information on prevention programs that have been effective for adolescent girls, on culturally specific strategies for African American and Latina women, and on the multiple issues of sub stance use and HIV that need to be faced by any outreach and intervention programs for drug-using women.
Book Synopsis Aging with HIV by : Janice E. Nichols
Download or read book Aging with HIV written by Janice E. Nichols and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2002-08-13 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1998, approximately 30 million people worldwide were living with HIV/AIDS, about 5 million of whom became infected that year. The epidemic continues to expand, with an estimated doubling time of 10 years, making AIDS the leading infectious cause of death ahead of tuberculosis and malaria. Even in the U.S.A. where the death rate from AIDS is declining as a result of effective drug therapies, HIV infection rates continue to climb in several population groups. The prevalence of AIDS among people over the age of 50 is steadily increasing, and most older people are unprepared to address it for a number of reasons, including the widespread discomfort with matters sexual and homosexual and the belief that elderly people are not sexually active and therefore not at risk. This guide for care providers seeks to educate and inform readers about the difficulties and complications that accompany the disease in older people. Thus, while the appendix includes technical descriptions of methodology, data, and results, the narratives in the chapters describing the findings and their practical implications are written in layman's language. Topics covered include biomedical aspects, demographics, sexuality, stressors, mental health, older women, and patient care, all of which are supported by case studies.
