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Investigation Of Local Velocities And Phase Holdups And Flow Regimes And Maldistribution Identification In A Trickle Bed Reactor
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Book Synopsis Investigation of Local Velocities and Phase Holdups, and Flow Regimes and Maldistribution Identification in a Trickle Bed Reactor by : Mohd Fitri Bin Abdul Rahman
Download or read book Investigation of Local Velocities and Phase Holdups, and Flow Regimes and Maldistribution Identification in a Trickle Bed Reactor written by Mohd Fitri Bin Abdul Rahman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Trickle bed reactors are packed beds of catalyst on which gas and liquid reactants flow concurrently downward. In this work, the experimental work was carried out in 0.14 m diameter Plexiglas column using air-water system flowing over a packed bed of 3 mm glass bead particles. The local liquid and gas velocities, phase saturation and their time series have been investigated for the first time by developing, validating, and implementing a new two-tip optical fiber probe technique. It was found the radially and axially the liquid and gas velocities and their saturation vary and they also vary with times. In various locations, due to non-uniform distribution of the flowing phases, there are windows of time where the gas phase does not pass through that location where the optical fiber probe was put at. The non-invasive gamma-ray densitometry (GRD) technique has been implemented for the first time in trickle bed reactor as in online monitoring technique to identify flow regime, gross maldistribution and liquid distribution. The GRD technique was able to identify trickle and pulse flow regime and their transition. The findings have been consistent with what have been reported in the literature. The measurement of these techniques was conducted at various axial and radial positions with the superficial liquid velocity varies in the range 0.004 - 0.016 m/s and the superficial gas velocity varies in the range of 0.03-0.27 m/s covering trickling and pulsing flow regime. The results obtained confirm that these techniques can be used with fidelity for measurements and the studies mentioned above and can be employed in various sizes of reactor operated at industrial conditions including harsh conditions of corrosion materials, high pressure, and high temperatures"--Abstract, page iv.
Book Synopsis Pulsing-flow Regime in Trickle-bed Reactors by : Benjamin A. Wilhite
Download or read book Pulsing-flow Regime in Trickle-bed Reactors written by Benjamin A. Wilhite and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Local Liquid Velocity Measurement of Trickle Bed Reactor Using Digitial Industrial X-ray Radiography by : Khairul Anuar Mohd Salleh
Download or read book Local Liquid Velocity Measurement of Trickle Bed Reactor Using Digitial Industrial X-ray Radiography written by Khairul Anuar Mohd Salleh and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Trickle Bed Reactors (TBRs) are fixed beds of particles in which both liquid and gas flow concurrently downward. They are widely used to produce not only fuels but also lubrication products. The measurement and the knowledge of local liquid velocities (VLL) in TBRs is less which is essential for advancing the understanding of its hydrodynamics and for validation computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Therefore, this work focused on developing a new, non-invasive, statistically reliable technique that can be used to measure local liquid velocity (V[subscript LL]) in two-dimensions (2-D). This is performed by combining Digital Industrial X-ray Radiography (DIR) and Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) techniques. This work also make possible the development of three-dimensional (3-D) V[subscript LL] measurements that can be taken in TBRs. Measurements taken through both the combined and the novel technique, once validated, were found to be comparable to another technique (a two-point fiber optical probe) currently being developed at Missouri University of Science and Technology. The results from this study indicate that, for a gas-liquid-solid type bed, the measured V[subscript LL] can have a maximum range that is between 35 and 51 times that of its superficial liquid velocity (V[subscript SL]). Without the existence of gas, the measured V[subscript LL] can have a maximum range that is between 4 and 4.7 times that of its V[subscript SL]. At a higher V[subscript SL], the particle tracer was greatly distributed and became carried away by a high liquid flow rate. Neither the variance nor the range of measured V[subscript LL] varied for any of the replications, confirming the reproducibility of the experimental measurements used, regardless of the V[subscript SL]. The liquid's movement inside the pore was consistent with findings from previous studies that used various techniques"--Abstract, page iii.
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamics of Foaming Trickle Bed Reactors by : Sodhi Vijay
Download or read book Hydrodynamics of Foaming Trickle Bed Reactors written by Sodhi Vijay and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-01 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas-liquid-solid (catalysts) reactive systems encountered in trickle bed reactors are common in chemical engineering related cocurrent gas and liquid downflow systems. Among these processes relying on trickle beds, hydrodynamics of foaming systems are less prominently explored subject despite the formation of foaming is very often in the petroleum industries. This study's aim was to demonstrate experimentally the effects of liquid and gas flow velocities, and liquid surface tension for key phenomenon like regime transition change, two-phase pressure drop, dynamic liquid hold-up and liquid axial dispersion. More than 240 experimental points for the trickle flow (GCF) and foaming pulsing flow (PF/FPF) regime were obtained for present study, revealed significant evaluations for sustainable process design especially for industrial applications.
Book Synopsis Pulsing Flow in Trickle Bed Columns by : Jan Rudolf Blok
Download or read book Pulsing Flow in Trickle Bed Columns written by Jan Rudolf Blok and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Theoretical Chemical Engineering Abstracts by :
Download or read book Theoretical Chemical Engineering Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquid Flow Maldistribution Effect on Reaction Performance in Trickle-bed Reactors by : Y. Jiang
Download or read book Liquid Flow Maldistribution Effect on Reaction Performance in Trickle-bed Reactors written by Y. Jiang and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Morphology of Solid-liquid Contacting Efficiency in Trickle-bed Reactors by : Arjan J. Van Houwelingen
Download or read book The Morphology of Solid-liquid Contacting Efficiency in Trickle-bed Reactors written by Arjan J. Van Houwelingen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trickle-flow is traditionally modeled by means of hydrodynamic parameters such as liquid holdup, two-phase pressure drop and wetting efficiency. Several studies showed that these parameters are not only a function of flow conditions and bed properties, but also of the flow history and morphology of flow. These can have a major influence on the distribution in the bed. The effect of flow morphology on liquid holdup and pressure drop is widely discussed in literature, but little attention is paid to its effect on wetting efficiency. Trickle-bed reactor models suggest that not a only bed-averaged but also the distribution of wetting efficiency may be of importance for reactor performance. Both the average wetting efficiency and the distribution of wetting are probably a function flow history and morphology. The distribution of wetting efficiency for different flow morphologies were investigated by means of a colorometric method that was developed for this purpose. Representative wetting distributions could be obtained. Flow morphologies and liquid distributions were manipulated by means of the pre-wetting procedure that was performed prior to flow. Pulse and Levec pre-wetted beds were investigated. These distributions were explained in detail in terms of flow morphology. It was found that the average wetting efficiency in pulse pre-wetted beds are much higher than in Levec pre-wetted beds. All particles in the pulse pre-wetted beds at all investigated flow conditions were contacted by the flowing liquid. This was not the case for the Levec pre-wetted beds. It was found that the flow in Levec pre-wetted beds become similar to that in pulse pre-wetted beds at high liquid flow rates. It was investigated how these distributions can affect reactor modeling, based on popular particle-scale models that relate reactor efficiency to wetting efficiency. According to these models, the wetting efficiency distribution in pulse pre-wetted beds can be characterised by means of only its average value. This is not the case for Levec pre-wetted beds. These results are however a strong function of the models that were employed. Finally, some recommendations are made in terms of the preferred pre-wetting method or flow morphology for different types of reactions. These recommendations are also based on models and have not been verified with experiments.
Book Synopsis Neural Net-aided Criterion of Flow Regime Transition in Trickle Bed Reactors by : Min Chen
Download or read book Neural Net-aided Criterion of Flow Regime Transition in Trickle Bed Reactors written by Min Chen and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Three-phase Catalytic Reactors by : P. A. Ramachandran
Download or read book Three-phase Catalytic Reactors written by P. A. Ramachandran and published by Gordon & Breach Publishing Group. This book was released on 1983 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flow Regime Identification and Void Fraction Measurement Techniques in Two-phase Flow by : M. A. Vince
Download or read book Flow Regime Identification and Void Fraction Measurement Techniques in Two-phase Flow written by M. A. Vince and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Multi-phase Transport by : T. Nejat Veziroğlu
Download or read book Multi-phase Transport written by T. Nejat Veziroğlu and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamics of Trickle Bed Reactors by : Zeljko Kuzeljevic
Download or read book Hydrodynamics of Trickle Bed Reactors written by Zeljko Kuzeljevic and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study we develop the computational and experimental tools to assist us in performance evaluation of trickle bed reactors (TBRs). The study focuses on experimental characterization of the flow distribution, and development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of trickle flow. The experimental study has been performed to examine the quality of liquid phase distribution in a high pressure system. The results were provided in terms of distribution of the effluent liquid fluxes and cross-sectional liquid holdups. Their individual trends, but also their relation with respect to operating conditions was examined. Characterization of bed porosity distribution has been performed and used as the input to the computational model. The experimental study of the dependence of the extent of hysteresis on operating parameters in a high pressure TBR was performed. The extent of hysteresis was found uniquely determined by the pressure drop in the Levec prewetting mode. This fact and developed CFD model were then used to deduce conditions leading to operation with negligible hysteresis effects. Three-dimensional Eulerian CFD model is developed. Phase interaction closures are based on the film flow model, principles of statistical hydrodynamics and relative permeability concept. Model has been assessed against experimental data for liquid holdup, wetting efficiency and pressure drop hysteresis. Hydrodynamic Eulerian CFD model is then used together with species balance to examine the TBR performance for gas and liquid reactant limited systems. For each case a closed form approach of coupling bed and particle scale solution within CFD framework was presented.
Book Synopsis Jet in Supersonic Crossflow by : Mingbo Sun
Download or read book Jet in Supersonic Crossflow written by Mingbo Sun and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on research into jets in supersonic crossflow carried out by the authors’ team over the past 15 years, this book summarizes and presents many cutting-edge findings and analyses on this subject. It tackles the complicated mixing process of gas jets and atomization process of liquid jets in supersonic crossflow, and studies their physical mechanisms. Advanced experimental and numerical techniques are applied to further readers’ understanding of atomization, mixing, and combustion of fuel jets in supersonic crossflow, which can promote superior fuel injection design in scramjet engines. The book offers a valuable reference guide for all researchers and engineers working on the design of scramjet engines, and will also benefit graduate students majoring in aeronautical and aerospace engineering.
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 2598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Velocity Mapping in Trickle-bed Reactors and Multiphase Systems Using MRI. by : Mark Henry Sankey
Download or read book Velocity Mapping in Trickle-bed Reactors and Multiphase Systems Using MRI. written by Mark Henry Sankey and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Single-phase and Two-phase Flow Measurement Techniques for Reactor Safety Studies by :
Download or read book Single-phase and Two-phase Flow Measurement Techniques for Reactor Safety Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
