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Investigation Of A Sulfur Reduction Technique For Mild Gasification Char Technical Report December 1 1992 February 28 1993
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Book Synopsis Investigation of a Sulfur Reduction Technique for Mild Gasification Char. Technical Report, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993 by :
Download or read book Investigation of a Sulfur Reduction Technique for Mild Gasification Char. Technical Report, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this program is to investigate the desulfurization of mild gasification char using H2:CH4 mixtures. Mild gasification of coal produces char, liquids, and gases at 1000°--1500°F (538°-816°C) and near-ambient pressure. Char, comprising 60--70% of the product, can be used to make high-value form coke for steelmaking and foundries. However, a sulfur content below 1 wt% is desirable, and char from high-sulfur Illinois coals must be upgraded to meet this criterion. Illinois No. 6 chars were treated in a 2-inch batch fluidized-bed reactor with H2:CH4 blends containing 9--24 vol % CH4 at 1100°-1600°F (538°-871°C) and 50--200 psig (0.35--1.38 Mpa). The data from these tests show sulfur removal of 6.0--92.5 wt % and carbon losses of 0.0--25.6 wt %, with the desulfurization susceptibility of char related to porosity, density, and crystallite size. The relationships among mild gasification parameters, char properties, and char desulfurization susceptibility are being studied. Acid washing of char to remove Ca and Fe is being explored for its effect on subsequent sulfur removal. Secondary desulfurization of form coke produced from the desulfurized chars is also being studied, and a final recommendation will be made for integration of char desulfurization into the IGT MILDGAS process.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of a Sulfur Reduction Technique for Mild Gasification Char. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Investigation of a Sulfur Reduction Technique for Mild Gasification Char. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this program is to investigate the desulfurization of mild gasification char using H2:CH4 mixtures. Mild gasification of coal produces char, liquids, and gases at 1000°--1500°F and near-ambient pressure. Char, comprising 60--70% of the product, can be used to make high-value form coke for steel making and foundries. A sulfur content below 1 wt% is desirable, and char from high-sulfur Illinois coals must be upgraded to meet this criterion. In the first year of the program, Illinois No. 6 chars were treated in a batch fluidized bed with H2:CH4 blends containing 9--24 vol% CH4 at 1100°--1600°F and 50--200 psig. Sulfur removals up to 92.5 wt% were obtained, and the char desulfurization susceptibility was related to porosity, density, and carbon crystallite size. During the second year, the relationships among mild gasification parameters, char properties, char desulfurization susceptibility, and form coke properties were studied. Acid washing of coal to remove Ca and Fe was explored for its effect on subsequent sulfur removal, and secondary desulfurization of form coke produced from the desulfurized chars was studied. Desulfurization tests of entrained and fluidized-bed reactor chars from IBC-105 coal were completed. Acid-washing of the coal prior to mild gasification or the char prior to desulfurization increased its susceptibility to desulfurization, with sulfur content reduced to as low as 0.10 wt % dry char. Fluidized-bed chars were easier to desulfurize than entrained chars, with or without acid-washing. Form coke briquettes were prepared from selected chars and mild gasification pitch binder, and then carbonized under both N2 and H2:CH4 atmospheres. carbonization in H2:CH4 removed additional sulfur from the form coke. Adequate tensile strength (837 psi) was achieved in briquettes with 1.2 wt% sulfur made from desulfurized char.
Book Synopsis Investigation of a Technique for Sulfur Reduction of Mild Gasification Char. [Quarterly] Report, December 1, 1991--February 29, 1992 by :
Download or read book Investigation of a Technique for Sulfur Reduction of Mild Gasification Char. [Quarterly] Report, December 1, 1991--February 29, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The object of this program is to investigate the desulfurization of mild gasification char using H2CH4 mixtures in a laboratory-scale experimental study. Mild gasification is a coal conversion technique which produces solid, liquid, and gaseous co-products. Char is the major co-product, about 60% of the dry coal yield. Form coke for steelmaking and foundries presents the best potential high-value markets for chars from eastern bituminous coals. Conventional metallurgical cokes generally contain about 1 wt% or less sulfur. Mild gasification char from high-sulfur Illinois coals must be upgraded to meet these criteria. One method to accomplish this is desulfurization with reducing gases derived from the mild gasification co-product gases. Because form coke has a market value up to $200/ton, it can accommodate desulfurization costs and still be economically attractive. The desulfurization can be performed either on the granular char or on formed-briquettes.
Book Synopsis Investigation of a Technique for Sulfur Reduction of Mild Gasification Char. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1991--August 31, 1992 by :
Download or read book Investigation of a Technique for Sulfur Reduction of Mild Gasification Char. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1991--August 31, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this program is to investigate the desulfurization of mild gasification char using H2:CH4, mixtures at the laboratory scale. Mild gasification produces solid, liquid, and gaseous co-products at 1000° to 1500°F and near-ambient pressure. Char comprises about 60 to 70% of the dry coal yield. Form coke for steelmaking and foundries presents potential high-value markets for chars from eastern bituminous coals, Metallurgical cokes generally contain less than 1 wt% sulfur, and mild gasification char from high-sulfur Illinois coals must be upgraded to meet these criteria. One method to accomplish this is desulfurization with reducing gases derived from the.co-product gases. In the first year of the two-year program, granular chars were treated with H2:CH4, blends at temperatures of 1100° to 1600°F and pressures of 50 to 200 psig. During the year, 23 tests were performed with 10 chars. Fluidized-bed tests were conducted for 120 to 240 minutes with superficial gas velocities from 0.067 to 0.150 ft/s. The desulfurization medium was H2 gas containing 9 to 24 vol% CH4. The data from these tests show sulfur conversions ranging from 6.0 to 92.5 wt%, with carbon conversions from zero to 35.3 wt%. The maximum sulfur conversion was 92.5 wt% at 1400°F and 200 psig in 76% H, for 120 minutes residence time, using IFFR char produced from IBC-106 coal at 1200°F in helium. The sulfur content of the char in that test was reduced from 3.78 to 0.39 wt%.
Book Synopsis Investigation of a Technique for Sulfur Reduction of Mild Gasification Char. Technical Report, March 1--May 31, 1992 by :
Download or read book Investigation of a Technique for Sulfur Reduction of Mild Gasification Char. Technical Report, March 1--May 31, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The object of this program is to investigate the desulfurization of mild gasification char using H2:CH4 mixtures at the laboratory scale. Mild gasification is a coal conversion technique which produces solid, liquid, and gaseous co-products at 1100°--1500°F and near-ambient pressure. Char comprises about 60 to 70% of the dry coal yield. Form coke for steelmaking and foundries presents potential high-value markets for chars from eastern bituminous coals. Conventional metallurgical cokes generally contain less than 1 wt% sulfur, and mild gasification char from high-sulfur Illinois coals must be upgraded to meet these criteria. One method to accomplish this is desulfurization with reducing gases derived from the co-product gases. Because form coke has a market value up to $200/ton, it can accommodate desulfurization costs and still be economically attractive. In the first year of the two-year program, granular char is being treated with H2:CH4 blends at temperatures of 1100°--1600°F and pressures of 50--200 psig. The effects of temperature, pressure, residence time, gas velocity, and gas composition on sulfur removal and carbon gasification are being determined. During the third quarter, 10 tests were performed with four chars. Fluidized-bed tests were conducted at 1400--1600°F, 50--200 psig, and 120--240 min residence time. Future tests will focus on determining the key properties that determine the susceptibility of char to hydrodesulfurization with minimal carbon conversion.
Book Synopsis Investigation of a Sulfur Reduction Technique for Mild Gasification Char. [Quarterly] Technical Report, March 1--May 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Investigation of a Sulfur Reduction Technique for Mild Gasification Char. [Quarterly] Technical Report, March 1--May 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this program is to investigate the desulfurization of mild gasification char using H2:CH4 mixtures. Mild gasification of coal produces char, liquids, and gases at 1000°--1500°F and near-ambient pressure. Char, comprising 60--70% of the product, can be used to make high-value form coke for steel making and foundries. However, a sulfur content below 1 wt% is desirable, and char from high-sulfur Illinois coals must be upgraded to meet this criterion. Illinois No. 6 chars were treated in a batch fluidized bed with H2:CH4 blends containing 9--24 vol% CH4 at 1100°--1600°F and 50--200 psig. Sulfur removal up to 92.5 wt% were obtainer, and the char desulfurization susceptibility was related to porosity, density, and crystallite size. The relationships among mild gasification parameters, char properties, and char desulfurization susceptibility are being studied. Acid washing of coal to remove Ca and Fe is being explored for its effect on subsequent sulfur removal, and secondary desulfurization of form coke produced from the desulfurized chars is also being studied. Desulfurization tests of entrained and fluidized-bed reactor chars from IBC-105 coal (4.1--4.3 wt% sulfur) were completed. Desulfurization conditions were 1400°F, 100--200 psig and reactant gas compositions of 15-49 vol% CH4 in H2. Sulfur removal ranged from 28 to 95%, with carbon losses from 5 to 29%. Acid-washing of the coal prior to mild gasification or the char prior to desulfurization increased its susceptibility to desulfurization, with sulfur content reduced to as low as 0.10 wt% dry char. Fluidized-bed chars were easier to desulfurize than entrained chars, and were less affected by acid-washing.
Book Synopsis Investigation of a Sulfur Reduction Technique for Mild Gasification Char. Technical Report, September 1, 1991--November 30, 1991 by :
Download or read book Investigation of a Sulfur Reduction Technique for Mild Gasification Char. Technical Report, September 1, 1991--November 30, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The object of this program is to investigate the desulfurization of mild gasification char using hydrogen/methane mixtures in a laboratory-scale experimental study. In the first year of the two- year program, char is being treated with mixtures of H2 and CH4 at temperatures of 1100°C to 1550°F and pressures of 50 to 100 psig. The effects of temperature, pressure, residence time, gas velocity, and gas composition on sulfur removal and carbon gasification are being determined. The batch experiments are being performed in a nominal 2-inch-ID stainless-steel, batch, fluidized-bed reactor. The char to be desulfurized was produced by the IGT mild gasification process research unit (PRU) in a recently completed DOE/METC-sponsored technology development program. The parent coal was Illinois No. 6 from a preparation plant, and the char from the selected test contains 4.58 wt% sulfur. In the first quarter, we have obtained and prepared a char for the desulfurization tests. Ultimate and proximate analyses were performed on this char, and its pore size distribution and surface area were determined. Also this quarter, the fluidized-bed reactor system was constructed and equipped with high pressure mass flow controllers and a high pressure sintered metal filter to remove fines from the effluent gas stream.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mild Temperature Gasification written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bench-scale, mild-temperature fluidized bed gasification (MTFBG) of three high sulfur Illinois basin coals (IBC) mixed with phosphoric acid will be performed to initiate development of an advanced processing technology which partitions coal sulfur to the gas phase as H2S. The influence of coal type, coal agglomeration, and steam injection on the properties of the solid, condensible and gaseous products produced during MTFBG will be examined. Analytical measurements of the products will be obtained and are designed to provide product quality and quantity. Combustion reactivity testing of the char, and pressurized, hot water extraction of H3PO4 from the char, will be performed to provide information for design of a continuous and integrated process for the removal and recovery of coal sulfur. During this quarter, the acquisition and construction of equipment to be used for MTFBG of Illinois coals and hot water, pressurized filtration of chars were completed. IBC 106 was subjected to fluidized bed gasification testing under nitrogen and steam/nitrogen atmospheres. The percentage of total sulfur removed from the parent coal using physical cleaning followed by MTFBG of coal/phosphoric acid mixtures was as high as 94% at a gasification temperature of 500°C.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-08 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of a Sulfur Reduction Technique for Mild Gasification Char by :
Download or read book Investigation of a Sulfur Reduction Technique for Mild Gasification Char written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The object of this program is to investigate the desulfurization of mild gasification char using hydrogen/methane mixtures in a laboratory-scale experimental study. In the first year of the two- year program, char is being treated with mixtures of H2 and CH4 at temperatures of 1100°C to 1550°F and pressures of 50 to 100 psig. The effects of temperature, pressure, residence time, gas velocity, and gas composition on sulfur removal and carbon gasification are being determined. The batch experiments are being performed in a nominal 2-inch-ID stainless-steel, batch, fluidized-bed reactor. The char to be desulfurized was produced by the IGT mild gasification process research unit (PRU) in a recently completed DOE/METC-sponsored technology development program. The parent coal was Illinois No. 6 from a preparation plant, and the char from the selected test contains 4.58 wt% sulfur. In the first quarter, we have obtained and prepared a char for the desulfurization tests. Ultimate and proximate analyses were performed on this char, and its pore size distribution and surface area were determined. Also this quarter, the fluidized-bed reactor system was constructed and equipped with high pressure mass flow controllers and a high pressure sintered metal filter to remove fines from the effluent gas stream.
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Development of Mild Gasification Char Desulfurization. Technical Report, 1 December 1993--28 February 1994 by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Development of Mild Gasification Char Desulfurization. Technical Report, 1 December 1993--28 February 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this project is to scale up a process, developed under a previous ICCI grant, for desulfurization of mild gasification char by treatment with hydrogen-rich process-derived fuel gas at 650--760 C and 7-15 atm. The char can be converted into a low-sulfur metallurgical form coke. In the prior study, IBC-105 coal with 4.0 wt % sulfur was converted to chars with less than 1.0 wt% sulfur was converted to chars with less than 1.0 wt % sulfur in a laboratory-scale batch reactor. The susceptibility of the char to desulfurization was correlated with physicochemical char properties and mild gasification conditions. Acid pretreatment of the coal prior to mild gasification was also shown to significantly enhance subsequent sulfur removal. In this study, IGT is conducting continuous bench-scale tests in a 1-lb/h fluidized-bed reactor to determine the preferred process conditions and obtain steady-state data necessary for process conditions and obtain steady-state data necessary for process design and scale-up. The desulfurized chars are to be used to produce low-sulfur form coke, which will be evaluated for density, reactivity, and strength properties relevant to utilization in blast furnaces. During the second quarter, the authors completed the acid pretreatment of 25 lb (11 kg) of the 40 x 80-mesh IBC-105 coal and 7 lb (3 kg) of carbonizer char. Modifications of the bench-scale fluidized-bed reactor were completed, permitting extended-duration char-producing runs with caking coal. Char-producing runs were initiated at 1100 F and 20 psig in nitrogen, and will continue into the third quarter.
Book Synopsis Integrated Methods for Production of Clean Char and Its Combustion Properties. Quarterly Technical Report, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993 by :
Download or read book Integrated Methods for Production of Clean Char and Its Combustion Properties. Quarterly Technical Report, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An integrated method consisting of physical coal cleaning, mild gasification (MG) and low temperature oxidation (LTO) is proposed to produce chars with SO2 emissions at least 50% lower than those of their parent coals. MG and char desulfurization studies are conducted in both a batch fluidized-bed reactor (FBR) and in a continuous rotary tube kiln (RTK). Combustion properties and ash deposition behaviors of desulfurized chars are determined at the US EPA in a 14 kill pilot-scale combustor and at UNDEERC in a drop tube furnace (DTF). This project is cost-shared with the US EPA and the US DOE through UNDEERC. During the first year of this two year project, six coals from the IBC sample program (IBC-101, 102, 104, 105, 106 and 109) were studied. Under non-optimized conditions, desulfurized chars with SO2 emissions 60--71% lower than the parent coals were made in the FBR, depending on the coal. Chars prepared from four of the six coals had SO2 emissions less than 2.5 lbs SO2/MMBtu. Under optimum conditions SO2 emissions of one of the coals were reduced nearly 67%, from 4.60 to 1.49 lbs SO2/MMBtu. MG reduced the chlorine content of one coal 93%. During the reporting period, about 160 pounds of -48 mesh IBC-102 coal were preoxidized in air at 150°C for 30 minutes in the RTK to minimize agglomeration during MG tests. MG of the preoxidized coal at 600°C produced about 75 pounds of char. About65 pounds of LTO char were prepared by oxidizing the MG char at 420,C for about 10 minutes. The amount of sulfur removed in the RTK was less than in the FBR, and gave a char with SO2 emissions of about 2.4 lbs SO2/MmBtu. The greater sulfur removal in the FBR was attributed to a smaller mean particle diameter, better gas-solid contact and/or a decreased partial pressure of SO2.
Book Synopsis Biodesulfurization of Mild Gasification Liquid Products. Technical Report, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993 by :
Download or read book Biodesulfurization of Mild Gasification Liquid Products. Technical Report, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mild gasification of coal, as being developed at IGT and elsewhere, is a promising new technology that can convert coal to multiple products: gas, solid, and liquids. Mild gasification liquids can be used as feedstock to make transportation fuels and chemicals. However, the sulfur content and aromaticity of mild gasification liquids limits their usefulness and biodesulfurization can potentially decrease both sulfur content and aromaticity. The objective of this project is to investigate the feasibility of using biodesulfurization to upgrade the quality of mild gasification liquids. During the current quarter a laboratory-scale mild gasification reactor was used to produce additional liquid derived from IBC-105 coal. The liquid has an organic sulfur content of 2.88%. The biocatalyst is apparently inhibited by chemical constituents in the light oil fraction of mild coal gasification liquids, but functions quite well in other liquid fractions or in unfractionated mild coal gasification liquid. Even when excess biocatalyst is used, approximately 12% of the organosulfur compounds appear to be recalcitrant to biodesulfurization. Biodesulfurization tests utilizing membrane fragments purified from IGTS8 and freeze-dried IGTS8 cell preparations added directly to mild coal gasification liquids have been performed. The processing and analysis of those samples is currently under way.
Download or read book Mild Temperature Gasification written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bench-scale, mild-temperature fluidized bed gasification (MTFBG) was performed on three high sulfur Illinois basin coals after mixing with phosphoric-acid. The research initiated development of an advanced processing technology which partitions coal sulfur to the gas phase as H2s. The MTFBG experiments were performed on Illinois coals IBC-101, IBC-106 and IBC-110. Product yields were between 60--80% char, 0.41.3% tar and 20--40% gases. Gas yields were sensitive to the coal/acid mixing ratios and the residence time of the coal within the gasifier. Tar and gas yields were significantly lower for coal/acid feeds than for coal-only feeds. At 500°C, the sulfur removal was as high as 82% for IBC-106; sulfur emissions during combustion of this char would be 1.10 lbs SO2/MMBtu. Emission levels from the IBC-110 char would be 1.15 lbs SO2/MMBtu whereas it would be 2.15 lb SO, /MmBtu from the IBC-101 char. In comparison, the emission levels from chars produced during gasification of coal using no acid would be 4.35 (IBC-110) and 4.81 (IBC-101), whereas the emission levels of the parent coals would be between 5--6 lb SO2/MMBtu. Gas product analysis confirmed that the coal sulfur was removed as H2s. Pressurized hot-water filtration of the chars removed nearly 80% of the phosphorus. Its removal rate should be near 95% to restrain the reagent cost to less than $25/Ton of SO2.
Download or read book Kabuki Zuinoki Shu written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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