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Investigating Plasma Viscosity With Fast Framing Photography In The Zap Hd Flow Z Pinch Experiment
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Book Synopsis Investigating Plasma Viscosity with Fast Framing Photography in the ZaP-HD Flow Z-Pinch Experiment by : Jonathan Robert Weed
Download or read book Investigating Plasma Viscosity with Fast Framing Photography in the ZaP-HD Flow Z-Pinch Experiment written by Jonathan Robert Weed and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ZaP-HD Flow Z-Pinch experiment investigates the stabilizing effect of sheared axial flows while scaling toward a high-energy-density laboratory plasma (HEDLP > 100 GPa). Stabilizing flows may persist until viscous forces dissipate a sheared flow profile. Plasma viscosity is investigated by measuring scale lengths in turbulence intentionally introduced in the plasma flow. A boron nitride turbulence-tripping probe excites small scale length turbulence in the plasma, and fast framing optical cameras are used to study time-evolved turbulent structures and viscous dissipation. A Hadland Imacon 790 fast framing camera is modified for digital image capture, but features insufficient resolution to study turbulent structures. A Shimadzu HPV-X camera captures the evolution of turbulent structures with great spatial and temporal resolution, but is unable to resolve the anticipated Kolmogorov scale in ZaP-HD as predicted by a simplified pinch model.
Book Synopsis The ZaP Flow Z-Pinch Project - Final Technical Report by :
Download or read book The ZaP Flow Z-Pinch Project - Final Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ZaP Flow Z-Pinch Project is a project to extend the performance of the flow Z-pinch experiment at the University of Washington to investigate and isolate the relevant physics of the stabilizing effect of plasma flow. Experimental plasmas have exhibited an enhanced stability under certain operating parameters which generate a flow state (axial flows in Z-pinches and VH mode in tokamaks). Flow has also been suggested as the stabilizing mechanism in astrophysical jets.
Download or read book The ZaP Flow Z-Pinch Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results from the ZaP experiment are consistent with the theoretical predictions of sheared flow stabilization. Z pinches with a sheared flow are generated in the ZaP experiment using a coaxial accelerator coupled to an assembly region. The current sheet in the accelerator initially acts as a snowplow. As the Z pinch forms, plasma formation in the accelerator transits to a deflagration process. The plasma exits the accelerator and maintains the flow in the Z pinch. During the quiescent period in the magnetic mode activity at z=0 cm, a stable Z pinch is seen on the axis of the assembly region. The evolution of the axial velocity profile shows a large velocity shear is measured at the edge of the Z pinch during the quiescent period. The velocity shear is above the theoretical threshold. As the velocity shear decreases towards 0.1kV{sub A}, the predicted stability threshold, the quiescent period ends. The present understanding of the ZaP experiment shows that it may be possible for the Z pinch to operate in a steady state if the deflagration process can be maintained by constantly supplying neutral gas or plasma to the accelerator.
Book Synopsis Stabilization and Confinement of Hot, Dense, High-Beta Plasma by :
Download or read book Stabilization and Confinement of Hot, Dense, High-Beta Plasma written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A calibrated, high-repetition rate 2-terawatt z-pinch (Zebra) was developed, and new z-pinch physics was investigated. Investigation of axial-shear-flow z-pinch stabilization was initiated, with experiments, computer modeling, and theory. An experiment on single wires driven by current prepulses similar to, and faster than, those at Z (SNL) found that faster rising pulses are much more effective at exploding single tungsten wires than Z-like pulses. Experiments on x-pinches driven at 900 kA characterized x-pinches in an almost unexplored regime.
Book Synopsis Characterizing the Plasma Exhaust Plume from a Sheared-flow Stabilized Z-Pinch by : Collin Parsons
Download or read book Characterizing the Plasma Exhaust Plume from a Sheared-flow Stabilized Z-Pinch written by Collin Parsons and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A plasma Z-pinch has often been overlooked as a method for magnetic confinement fusion due to instabilities. Using sheared-flow to stabilize the Z-pinch extends its life to where it is a plausible solution for fusion and an attractive possibility for fusion-based space propulsion. To investigate this, the plasma plume of the Fusion Z-Pinch Experiment (FuZE) at the University of Washington is characterized using ion Doppler spectroscopy and quadruple Langmuir probe measurements. During pulses, signals characteristic of discharge arcs driven by quadruple probe bias capacitors are observed on probe tips at a probability proportional to the bias voltage. Quadruple probe measurements show average electron temperatures of 14.4 ± 7.8 eV that are approximately constant over the plasma and peak densities of 9.5 x 1020 ± 3.4 x 1020 m−3 that fall off nearly linearly as radius increases, suggesting a collimated plasma plume. EMI noise in quadruple probe voltage measurements prevents more accurate determinations of parameters. Spectroscopy reveals plasma velocities of 86.2 ± 2.8 km/s, while significant EMI noise and suspected unreliability preclude velocity measurements from the Mach probe. A hypothetical space thruster built with these parameters would have a specific impulse of 8790 ± 290 s and a Thrust of 1420 ± 260 N, performance significantly better than current-day electromagnetic thrusters.
Book Synopsis Axial Evolution of a Sheared-flow-stabilized Z Pinch by : Elliot L. Claveau
Download or read book Axial Evolution of a Sheared-flow-stabilized Z Pinch written by Elliot L. Claveau and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fusion Z-pinch Experiment (FuZE) is a sheared-flow-stabilized Z pinch based on the ZaP and ZaP-HD experiments. The FuZE device generates neutron-producing, 50-cm-long Z pinches formed from plasma accelerated through coaxial electrodes. The Z pinches are sustained between a nose cone at the tip of the plasma gun and an end wall at the end of the assembly region flux conserver. The end wall geometry is modified from a central hole to a spoked design and it is found that plasma exhaust is limited, but can be increased by increasing the ratio of ram and thermal pressures to the magnetic field pressure. The limited plasma exhaust results in a stagnation wave in the assembly region, increasing the plasma axial current and changing the shear flow profiles from a hollow to a peaked velocity distribution. The instantaneous neutron scaling with pinch current is investigated and it is found that the scaling corresponds to an adiabatic pinch where linear density increases with axial current. Lastly, the termination of plasma acceleration is found to be triggered by a blow-by instability starting at the insulator located at the breech end of the coaxial accelerator.
Book Synopsis Optical Tomography of the ZaP Flow Z-pinch Plasma by : Adam Matthew Madson
Download or read book Optical Tomography of the ZaP Flow Z-pinch Plasma written by Adam Matthew Madson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Magnetic Mode Analysis in the ZaP Flow-stabilized Z-pinch Experiment by : Justin E. Bright
Download or read book Magnetic Mode Analysis in the ZaP Flow-stabilized Z-pinch Experiment written by Justin E. Bright and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Laser Program Annual Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Complex Plasmas written by Michael Bonitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-04-09 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the reader with an introduction to the physics of complex plasmas, a discussion of the specific scientific and technical challenges they present and an overview of their potential technological applications. Complex plasmas differ from conventional high-temperature plasmas in several ways: they may contain additional species, including nano meter- to micrometer-sized particles, negative ions, molecules and radicals and they may exhibit strong correlations or quantum effects. This book introduces the classical and quantum mechanical approaches used to describe and simulate complex plasmas. It also covers some key experimental techniques used in the analysis of these plasmas, including calorimetric probe methods, IR absorption techniques and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The final part of the book reviews the emerging applications of microcavity and microchannel plasmas, the synthesis and assembly of nanomaterials through plasma electrochemistry, the large-scale generation of ozone using microplasmas and novel applications of atmospheric-pressure non-thermal plasmas in dentistry. Going beyond the scope of traditional plasma texts, the presentation is very well suited for senior undergraduate, graduate students and postdoctoral researchers specializing in plasma physics.
Book Synopsis An Assessment of the Prospects for Inertial Fusion Energy by : National Research Council
Download or read book An Assessment of the Prospects for Inertial Fusion Energy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-07-05 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential for using fusion energy to produce commercial electric power was first explored in the 1950s. Harnessing fusion energy offers the prospect of a nearly carbon-free energy source with a virtually unlimited supply of fuel. Unlike nuclear fission plants, appropriately designed fusion power plants would not produce the large amounts of high-level nuclear waste that requires long-term disposal. Due to these prospects, many nations have initiated research and development (R&D) programs aimed at developing fusion as an energy source. Two R&D approaches are being explored: magnetic fusion energy (MFE) and inertial fusion energy (IFE). An Assessment of the Prospects for Inertial Fusion Energy describes and assesses the current status of IFE research in the United States; compares the various technical approaches to IFE; and identifies the scientific and engineering challenges associated with developing inertial confinement fusion (ICF) in particular as an energy source. It also provides guidance on an R&D roadmap at the conceptual level for a national program focusing on the design and construction of an inertial fusion energy demonstration plant.
Download or read book Complete Stories written by Rudy Rucker and published by Transreal Books. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 1729 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collected together in one ebook: every single one of Rudy Rucker's science-fiction stories, a trove of gnarl and wonder, dating over more than forty years. This, the updated 2021 edition of Complete Stories, includes stories from 1976 through 2021 Along with Rucker's solo stories, we have collaborations with Bruce Sterling, Marc Laidlaw, Paul Di Filippo, John Shirley, Terry Bisson, and Eileen Gunn.
Download or read book Biomimicry written by Janine M. Benyus and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2009-08-11 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Repackaged with a new afterword, this "valuable and entertaining" (New York Times Book Review) book explores how scientists are adapting nature's best ideas to solve tough 21st century problems. Biomimicry is rapidly transforming life on earth. Biomimics study nature's most successful ideas over the past 3.5 million years, and adapt them for human use. The results are revolutionizing how materials are invented and how we compute, heal ourselves, repair the environment, and feed the world. Janine Benyus takes readers into the lab and in the field with maverick thinkers as they: discover miracle drugs by watching what chimps eat when they're sick; learn how to create by watching spiders weave fibers; harness energy by examining how a leaf converts sunlight into fuel in trillionths of a second; and many more examples. Composed of stories of vision and invention, personalities and pipe dreams, Biomimicry is must reading for anyone interested in the shape of our future.
Book Synopsis Anagram Solver by : Bloomsbury Publishing
Download or read book Anagram Solver written by Bloomsbury Publishing and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anagram Solver is the essential guide to cracking all types of quiz and crossword featuring anagrams. Containing over 200,000 words and phrases, Anagram Solver includes plural noun forms, palindromes, idioms, first names and all parts of speech. Anagrams are grouped by the number of letters they contain with the letters set out in alphabetical order so that once the letters of an anagram are arranged alphabetically, finding the solution is as easy as locating the word in a dictionary.
Book Synopsis A Piece of the Sun by : Daniel Clery
Download or read book A Piece of the Sun written by Daniel Clery and published by Abrams. This book was released on 2014-07-29 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How physicists are trying to solve our energy problems—by unlocking the secrets of the sun: “Explain[s] cutting-edge science with remarkable lucidity.” —Booklist This revelatory book tells the story of the scientists who believe the solution to the planet’s ills can be found in the original energy source: the Sun itself. There, at its center, the fusion of 620 million tons of hydrogen every second generates an unfathomable amount of energy. By replicating even a tiny piece of the Sun’s power on Earth, we can secure all the heat and energy we would ever need. The simple yet extraordinary ambition of nuclear-fusion scientists has garnered many skeptics, but, as A Piece of the Sun makes clear, large-scale nuclear fusion is scientifically possible—and perhaps even preferable to other options. Clery argues passionately and eloquently that the only thing keeping us from harnessing this cheap, clean and renewable energy is our own shortsightedness. “Surprisingly sprightly…Clery walks readers through the history of fusion study, from Lord Kelvin, Albert Einstein and a large cast of peculiar physicists, to all manner of international politics—e.g., the darts and feints of the Cold War, the braces applied by OPEC in the wake of the 1973 war among Israel, Egypt and Syria. Clery negotiates the hard science with aplomb.” —Kirkus Reviews “A timely perspective on truly urgent science.” —Booklist “Ultimately, Clery argues that developing a source of energy that won’t damage the climate—or ever run out—is worth striving for.” —Publishers Weekly
Book Synopsis Tokamak Start-Up: Problems and Scenarios Related to the Transient Phases of a Thermonuclear Fusion Reactor (Ettor Majorana International Science Series) by : Heinz Knoepfel
Download or read book Tokamak Start-Up: Problems and Scenarios Related to the Transient Phases of a Thermonuclear Fusion Reactor (Ettor Majorana International Science Series) written by Heinz Knoepfel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the papers presented at the Course on "Tokamak Startup - Problems and Scenarios Related to the Transient Phases of a Thermonuclear Fusion Reactor" which was held in Erice, July 14-20, 1985. The fact that the critical startup and transient phases of a tokamak reactor are now the specific subject of a comprehensive international gathering of fusion specialists seems indicative of the substantial pro gress made in recent years towards attaining controlled ignition of a nuclear fusion fuel, i.e. towards demonstrating the scientific feasibili ty of controlled thermonuclear fusion. In fact, the steady-state burning phase has attracted so far most of the attention of fusion physicists and engineers, as it is conceptually more rewarding, and theoretically easier to handle. However, as for many large engineering systems, - nuclear fis- ... ':1' " . 10 ' ... Entrance to San Rocco's lecturing hall v sion power plants, or aerospace crafts, for example - the major issues of design and operation lie often in the startup, shutdown and power tran sieQt phases, rather than at the full load, or at cruising regimes. In ehoosing the contributions to this 7th Course of Prof. B.
Book Synopsis Altitude-wind-tunnel Investigation of Westinghouse 19B-2 19B-8, and 19XB-1 Jet-propulsion Engines by : William A. Fleming
Download or read book Altitude-wind-tunnel Investigation of Westinghouse 19B-2 19B-8, and 19XB-1 Jet-propulsion Engines written by William A. Fleming and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
