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International Trade And Child Labor
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Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :72 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis The Impact of Child Labor on Free Trade by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade
Download or read book The Impact of Child Labor on Free Trade written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Should Core Labor Standards Be Imposed Through International Trade Policy? by : Keith Eugene Maskus
Download or read book Should Core Labor Standards Be Imposed Through International Trade Policy? written by Keith Eugene Maskus and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis International Trade and Child Labor by : Eric V. Edmonds
Download or read book International Trade and Child Labor written by Eric V. Edmonds and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "We explore the relationship between greater exposure to trade (as measured by openness) and child labor in a cross country setting. Our methodology accounts for the fact that trade flows are endogenous to child labor (and labor standards more generally) by examining the relationship between child labor and variation in trade based on geography. We find that countries that trade more have less child labor. At the cross-country means, the data suggest an openness elasticity of child labor of -0.7. For low-income countries, the elasticity of child labor with respect to trade with high income countries is -0.9. However, these relationships appear to be largely attributable to the positive association between trade and income. When we control for the endogeneity of trade and for cross-country income differences, the openness elasticity of child labor at cross-country means is much smaller (-0.1) and statistically insignificant. We consistently find a negative but statistically insignificant association between openness and child labor conditional on cross-country income differences when we split the sample into different country groups, consider only trade between high and low income countries, or focus on exports of unskilled-labor intensive products from low income countries. Thus, the cross-country data do not substantiate assertions that trade per se plays a significant role in perpetuating the high levels of child labor that pervade low-income countries"--NBER website
Book Synopsis Public Hearing on International Child Labor by : United States. Bureau of International Labor Affairs
Download or read book Public Hearing on International Child Labor written by United States. Bureau of International Labor Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis International Labor Standards and International Trade by : Mr.Stephen S. Golub
Download or read book International Labor Standards and International Trade written by Mr.Stephen S. Golub and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-04-01 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews controversies regarding linkage of international trade and labor standards. Pressures for international harmonization of labor standards arise in the context of increased trade between countries with large disparities in wages, and also reflect the history of labor standards. A critical distinction is made between standards related to fundamental human rights and those related to employment conditions. The main conclusion is that trade sanctions to enforce labor standards should not be an option, but that international agreements on core labor standards, with voluntary compliance, may, apart from being worthwhile on ethical grounds, defuse calls for protection.
Book Synopsis The World of Child Labor by : Hugh D Hindman
Download or read book The World of Child Labor written by Hugh D Hindman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 1990 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The World of Child Labor" details both the current and historical state of child labor in each region of the world, focusing on its causes, consequences, and cures. Child labor remains a problem of immense social and economic proportions throughout the developing world, and there is a global movement underway to do away with it. Volume editor Hugh D. Hindman has assembled an international team of leading child labor scholars, researchers, policy-makers, and activists to provide a comprehensive reference with over 220 essays. This volume first provides a current global snapshot with overview essays on the dimensions of the problem and those institutions and organizations combating child labor. Thereafter the organization of the work is regional, covering developed, developing, and less developed regions of the world.The reference goes around the globe to document the contemporary and historical state of child labor within each major region (Africa, Latin and South America, North America, Europe, Middle East, Asia, and Oceania) including country-level accounts for nearly half of the world's nations. Country-level essays for more developed nations include historical material in addition to current issues in child labor. All country-level essays address specific facets of child labor problems, such as industries and occupations in which children commonly work, the national child welfare policy, occupational safety regulations, educational system, and laws, and often highlight significant initiatives against child labor.Current statistical data accompany most country-level essays that include ratifications to UN and ILO conventions, the Human Development Index, human capital indicators, economic indicators, and national child labor surveys conducted by the Statistical Information and Monitoring Program on Child Labor. "The World of Child Labor" is designed to be a self-contained, comprehensive reference for high school, college, and professional researchers. Maps, photos, figures, tables, references, and index are included.
Book Synopsis Trade Unions and Child Labour by : Alec Fyfe
Download or read book Trade Unions and Child Labour written by Alec Fyfe and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 1997 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication sets out a practical framework for specific measures for trade union involvement at the local, national and international levels to protect against the use of child labour, based on the variety of approaches taken by workers' organisations around the world. The book summarises the nature and extent of the child labour problem; gives examples of trade union activities in the campaign against child labour; sets out a framework for action based on these case studies; and examines the international response to child labour.
Book Synopsis Child Labor in the Developing World by : Alberto Posso
Download or read book Child Labor in the Developing World written by Alberto Posso and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-20 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides new evidence of the theoretical and empirical causes and consequences of child labor. In so doing, the chapters provide a unique set of policy prescriptions that are applicable to both the developing countries that make up the case studies of the volume, as well as other countries more broadly. The volume is constructed to inform policy with rigorous analysis. However, unlike most academic studies, the language and flavour of the volume is largely non-technical, while the policy recommendations are practical. The volume is made up of three sections. The first section builds on the existing literature and provides new theoretical insights into child labor. Section 2 provides empirical evidence from both quantitative and qualitative case studies on child labor from across Asia, Africa and Latin America. This section provides information from studies conducted in Brazil, Cameroon, the Dominican Republic, India and Vietnam. Section 3 provides policy recommendations.
Book Synopsis Human Rights, Labor Rights, and International Trade by : Lance A. Compa
Download or read book Human Rights, Labor Rights, and International Trade written by Lance A. Compa and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2003-08-30 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A significant contribution to current legal, political, and economic discourse on workers in the global economy."—International and Comparative Law Quarterly
Book Synopsis International Trade and Labor Standards by : Christian Barry
Download or read book International Trade and Labor Standards written by Christian Barry and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors examine how the international trading system can be reformed to support efforts by poor countries to promote the well-being of their peoples.
Book Synopsis Public Hearings on International Child Labor by : United States. International Child Labor Program
Download or read book Public Hearings on International Child Labor written by United States. International Child Labor Program and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Product Market Integration and Household Labor Supply in a Poor Economy by : Eric V. Edmonds
Download or read book Product Market Integration and Household Labor Supply in a Poor Economy written by Eric V. Edmonds and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers how product market integration in a country's primary agricultural export alters the economic activities of men and women in a poor economy. Between 1993 and 1997, Vietnam relaxed its rice export quota and freed internal restrictions on the trade of rice across regions. These reforms contributed to an almost 30 percent increase in the real price of rice. Using a panel of rural Vietnamese communities that spans the period of policy change, the authors relate the regional and intertemporal variation in the price of rice to changes in the economic activities of children, young adults, and adults by gender. They find that higher rice prices are associated with lower participation in wage work by boys, girls, and young adults, and lower participation in household production by adults. Moreover, higher rice prices are associated with less time devoted to household production for all age groups and adults devoting more hours to wage work. Finally, with the exception of children, labor market responses to changes in rice prices mostly do not differ statistically for males and females.
Book Synopsis Should Core Labor Standards be Imposed Through International Trade Policy?. by : Keith Eugene Maskus
Download or read book Should Core Labor Standards be Imposed Through International Trade Policy?. written by Keith Eugene Maskus and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: August 1997 Weak provision of core labor standards in developing countries has complex effects on competitiveness and trade. The problem cannot be treated effectively by imposing trade sanctions, but should instead be approached through programs aimed directly at poverty reduction, education reforms, and disclosure of information. Numerous proposals have surfaced recently to incorporate a clause about labor standards in the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Such a clause would require each WTO member to recognize and enforce certain core labor standards: forbidding forced labor, discrimination, and the exploitation of child workers and guaranteeing the rights of workers to associate freely and engage in collective bargaining with employers. Failure to provide core labor standards would subject a country to international trade sanctions. Maskus analyzes links between core labor standards and international trade policy. He develops a series of simple models to see whether limiting core labor standards in export sectors of developing countries can improve the countries' price competitiveness in export markets. He concludes that deficient provision of core labor standards generally diminishes export competitiveness rather than improving it, because of the distortionary effects of those deficiencies. In other words, concerns about the negative impact on industrial countries of limited wage, employment, and labor standards in developing countries are largely misplaced- one exception: exploiting child labor could expand exports in highly labor-intensive sectors. But wage spillovers into industrial economy labor markets must be trivial, and there is no empirical evidence that the use of child labor provides measurable competitive advantages. Do international trade sanctions serve a legitimate, effective role in penalizing countries that fail to observe core labor standards? Maskus points out that trade restrictions are blunt, indirect instruments and may be counterproductive, harming the people they are designed to help and ineffective in achieving stated goals. Thus, including in WTO rules a social clause guaranteeing core labor standards would reduce global efficiency for a small gain. Some approaches- compensation programs from wealthy countries, focused on poverty reduction and better access to education- be more effective and less costly than trade restrictions. At the same time, the International Labor Organization could improve its monitoring and publicity efforts, to raise international consciousness about labor standards. This paper-a product of the Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze trade barriers facing developing countries.
Book Synopsis Child labor, schooling and international trade by : Sirsha Chatterjee
Download or read book Child labor, schooling and international trade written by Sirsha Chatterjee and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Monitoring International Labor Standards by : National Research Council
Download or read book Monitoring International Labor Standards written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-11 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new report provides a framework within which to assess compliance with core international labor standards and succeeds in taking an enormous step toward interpreting all relevant information into one central database. At the request of the Bureau of International Labor Affairs at the U.S. Department of Labor, the National Research Council's Committee on Monitoring International Labor Standards was charged with identifying relevant and useful sources of country-level data, assessing the quality of such data, identifying innovative measures to monitor compliance, exploring the relationship between labor standards and human capital, and making recommendations on reporting procedures to monitor compliance. The result of the committee's work is in two partsâ€"this report and a database structure. Together, they offer a first step toward the goal of providing an empirical foundation to monitor compliance with core labor standards. The report provides a comprehensive review of extant data sources, with emphasis on their relevance to defined labor standards, their utility to decision makers in charge of assessing or monitoring compliance, and the cautions necessary to understand and use the quantitative information.
Download or read book Child Labor written by Sandy Hobbs and published by ABC-CLIO. This book was released on 1999-11 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Consult this handy work when you need accurate and up-to-date information on such subjects as the effects of work on children's education, the economic forces driving the exploitation of minors, campaigns and legislation against child employment, how the nineteenth-century English Factory Act was often circumvented, and more. The alphabetical entries are also referenced by category, and there are many citations of contemporary books and studies on specific subjects."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis Trade, Reputation, and Child Labor in Twentieth-Century Egypt by : E. Goldberg
Download or read book Trade, Reputation, and Child Labor in Twentieth-Century Egypt written by E. Goldberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-09-03 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conventional wisdom that political and economic actors in colonial countries are passive and reactive is undermined by Goldberg's close examination of the decisions and calculations of leading political and economic actors. Goldberg shows how critical decisions affecting Egypt's integration into the world economy were based on clear understandings of what policies were most likely to advance the interests of leading interest groups, with results that continue to bedevil Egypt's political economy today. Drawing on core concepts in political economy, Goldberg focuses on how Egyptian cotton growers decided to invest in the development of product reputation, developed institutions to protect that reputation, and engaged in coalition politics to protect their interests. The result was a heavy reliance on child labour and thus the failure to provide education and skills necessary for economic development, undermining subsequent attempts to industrialize Egypt and move it away from the production of primary goods. This is a tale of paradoxes and unintended consequences of rational action.
