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Interference Effects Of Anxiety And Affective Processing On Working Memory
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Book Synopsis Interference Effects of Anxiety and Affective Processing on Working Memory by : David Andrew Stigge Kaufman
Download or read book Interference Effects of Anxiety and Affective Processing on Working Memory written by David Andrew Stigge Kaufman and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Deficits in the neural processes involved in sustained attention appear to be associated with enhanced threat-based interference of WM in high-fear participants, which may have important implications for broader behavioral symptoms associated with anxiety. In the end, these findings offer new insights into the complex interplay between competing cognitive and affective demands on attention, and suggest ways that anxiety disrupts higher-level cognitive processes involved in WM.
Book Synopsis Emotional States, Attention, and Working Memory by : Nazanin Derakhshan
Download or read book Emotional States, Attention, and Working Memory written by Nazanin Derakhshan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue is concerned with the effects of three emotional states (positive affect; anxiety; and depression) on performance. More specifically, the contributors focus on the potential mediating effects of attention and of executive processes of working memory. The evidence discussed suggests that anxiety and depression both impair the executive functions of shifting and inhibition, in part due to task-irrelevant processing (e.g., rumination; worry). In contrast, positive affect seems to enhance the shifting function and does not impair the inhibition function. The complicating role of motivational intensity is also discussed, as are implications for future research.
Book Synopsis The Influence of Cognitive Interference and Anxiety on Working Memory and Performance Validity Tests by : Caitlin V Dombrowski
Download or read book The Influence of Cognitive Interference and Anxiety on Working Memory and Performance Validity Tests written by Caitlin V Dombrowski and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anxiety disorders and situational anxiety are common in the general population, yet the influence of anxiety symptoms on working memory is poorly understood. Some studies suggest that anxiety may be inversely related to working memory, possibly due to reduced cognitive efficiency and/or interference from worry-based cognitions; however, methodological inconsistencies have undermined generalizability. The high prevalence of anxiety makes further study of its associated neuropsychological deficits and underlying mechanism of action tantamount. Moreover, assessment of performance can induce anxiety in even relatively low anxious individuals, which may also interfere with working memory and performance-based measurement. In this study, undergraduates with low and high levels of subclinical anxiety completed working memory tasks during both low and high situational anxiety phases. Results indicated that although the high anxiety group reported greater anxiety and task interfering cognitions, anxiety level did not predict working memory during either phase. In contrast to theoretical models, working memory performance improved for both groups during the second, high situational anxiety phase. Secondarily, Performance Validity Tests (PVTs) were embedded in the evaluation to determine if low effort—a common confounding variable in assessment—could explain the results of this study. Analyses revealed that 15% of the undergraduate sample failed at least one PVT, suggesting that a lack of significant differences between groups may be, at least in part, attributed to low effort. Implications of these findings and future directions for neuropsychological research with anxious individuals and undergraduates are discussed.
Download or read book Anxiety written by Michael W. Eysenck and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theorists are increasingly arguing that it is fruitful to approach anxiety from the cognitive perspective, and the empirical evidence supports that contention. The cognitive perspective is also adopted in this book, but the approach represents a development and extension of earlier ones. For example, most previous theories and research have been based on anxiety either in clinical or in normal groups. In contrast, one of the central themes of this book is that there are great advantages to be gained from a joint consideration of clinical and normal anxiety. Another theme of this book is that it is of major importance to establish whether or not there is a cognitive vulnerability factor which is associated with at least some forms of clinical anxiety. It is argued (with supporting evidence) that there is a latent cognitive vulnerability factor for generalized anxiety disorder which manifests itself under stressful conditions. This vulnerability factor is characterized by hypervigilance, and is found predominantly in normals high in the personality dimension of trait anxiety. The scope of the book extends to the effects of anxiety on performance and to the phenomenon of worry, which is regarded as the cognitive component of anxiety. In both cases, a new theoretical framework is presented. Correction notice: In chapter 4, on pages 70-71, Christos Halkiopoulos should have been credited for his role as the inventor of the Dot Probe Paradigm and for the design and execution of the experiment discussed in Eysenck, M. W. (1991 a). Trait anxiety and cognition. In C. D. Spielberger, I. G. Sarason, Z. Kulczar, and J. Van Heck (Eds.), Stress and Emotion, Vol. 14. London: Hemisphere.
Book Synopsis Neural Plasticity and Memory by : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni
Download or read book Neural Plasticity and Memory written by Federico Bermudez-Rattoni and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-17 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, multidisciplinary review, Neural Plasticity and Memory: From Genes to Brain Imaging provides an in-depth, up-to-date analysis of the study of the neurobiology of memory. Leading specialists share their scientific experience in the field, covering a wide range of topics where molecular, genetic, behavioral, and brain imaging techniq
Book Synopsis Working Memory Capacity by : Nelson Cowan
Download or read book Working Memory Capacity written by Nelson Cowan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of one's memory "filling up" is a humorous misconception of how memory in general is thought to work; it actually has no capacity limit. However, the idea of a "full brain" makes more sense with reference to working memory, which is the limited amount of information a person can hold temporarily in an especially accessible form for use in the completion of almost any challenging cognitive task. This groundbreaking book explains the evidence supporting Cowan's theoretical proposal about working memory capacity, and compares it to competing perspectives. Cognitive psychologists profoundly disagree on how working memory is limited: whether by the number of units that can be retained (and, if so, what kind of units and how many), the types of interfering material, the time that has elapsed, some combination of these mechanisms, or none of them. The book assesses these hypotheses and examines explanations of why capacity limits occur, including vivid biological, cognitive, and evolutionary accounts. The book concludes with a discussion of the practical importance of capacity limits in daily life. This 10th anniversary Classic Edition will continue to be accessible to a wide range of readers and serve as an invaluable reference for all memory researchers.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Interference by : Irwin G. Sarason
Download or read book Cognitive Interference written by Irwin G. Sarason and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, the first synthesis of work on cognitive interference, leading researchers, theorists, and clinicians from around the world confront a number of important questions about intrusive thoughts and suggest a challenging agenda for the future.
Book Synopsis Current Research and Emerging Directions in Emotion-Cognition Interactions by : Florin Dolcos
Download or read book Current Research and Emerging Directions in Emotion-Cognition Interactions written by Florin Dolcos and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-03-02 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emotion can impact various aspects of our cognition and behavior, by enhancing or impairing them (e.g., enhanced attention to and memory for emotional events, or increased distraction produced by goal-irrelevant emotional information). On the other hand, emotion processing is also susceptible to cognitive influences, typically exerted in the form of cognitive control of motion, or emotion regulation. Despite important recent progress in understanding emotion- cognition interactions, a number of aspects remain unclear. The present book comprises a collection of manuscripts discussing emerging evidence regarding the mechanisms underlying emotion- cognition interactions in healthy functioning and alterations associated with clinical conditions, in which such interactions are dysfunctional. Initiated with a more restricted focus, targeting (1) identification and in depth analysis of the circumstances in which emotion enhances or impairs cognition and (2)identification of the role of individual differences in these effects, our book has emerged into a comprehensive collection of outstanding contributions investigating emotion-cognition interactions, based on approaches spanning from behavioral and lesion to pharmacological and brain imaging, and including empirical, theoretical, and review papers alike. Co-hosted by the Frontiers in Neuroscience - Integrative Neuroscience and Frontiers in Psychology - Emotion Science, the contributions comprising our book and the associated research topic are grouped around the following seven main themes, distributed across the two hosting journals: I. Emotion and Selectivity in Attention and Memory; II. The Impact of Emotional Distraction; Linking Enhancing and Impairing Effects of Emotion; III. What Really is the Role of the Amygdala?; IV. Age Differences in Emotion Processing; The Role of Emotional Valence; V. Affective Face Processing, Social Cognition, and Personality Neuroscience; VI. Stress, Mood, Emotion, and the Prefrontal Cortex; The Role of Control in the Stress Response; VII. Emotion-Cognition Interactions in Clinical Conditions. As illustrated by the present collection of contributions, emotion-cognition interactions can be identified at different levels of processing, from perception and attention to long- term memory, decision making processes, and social cognition and behavior. Notably, these effects are subject to individual differences that may affect the way we perceive, experience, and remember emotional experiences, or cope with emotionally challenging situations. Moreover, these opposing effects tend to co-occur in affective disorders, such as depression and PTSD, where uncontrolled recollection of and rumination on distressing memories also lead to impaired cognition due to emotional distraction. Understanding the nature and neural mechanisms of these effects is critical, as their exacerbation and co-occurrence in clinical conditions lead to devastating effects and debilitation. Hence, bringing together such diverse contributions has allowed not only an integrative understanding of the current extant evidence but also identification of emerging directions and concrete venues for future investigations.
Download or read book Adult Attachment written by Omri Gillath and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-03-29 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adult Attachment: A Concise Introduction to Theory and Research is an easy-to-read and highly accessible reference on attachment that deals with many of the key concepts and topics studied within attachment theory. This book is comprised of a series of chapters framed by common questions that are typically asked by novices entering the field of attachment. The content of each chapter focuses on answering this overarching question. Topics on the development of attachment are covered from different levels of analysis, including species, individual, and relationship levels, working models of attachment, attachment functions and hierarchies, attachment stability and change over time and across situations, relationship contexts, the cognitive underpinnings of attachment and its activation of enhancement via priming, the interplay between the attachment behavioral system and other behavioral systems, the effects of context on attachment, the contribution of physiology/neurology and genetics to attachment, the associations/differences between attachment and temperament, the conceptualization and measurement of attachment, and the association between attachment and psychopathology/therapy. TEDx talk: The Power of (Secure) Love by Omri Gillath: https://youtu.be/PgIQv-rTGgA - Uses a question-and-answer format to address the most important topics within attachment theory - Presents information in a simple, easy-to-understand way to ensure accessibility for novices in the field of attachment - Covers the main concepts and issues that relate to attachment theory, thus ensuring readers develop a strong foundation in attachment theory that they can then apply to the study of relationships - Addresses future directions in the field of attachment theory - Concisely covers material, ensuring scholars and professionals can quickly get up-to-speed with the most recent research
Book Synopsis Cognitive Interference by : Irwin G. Sarason
Download or read book Cognitive Interference written by Irwin G. Sarason and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, the first synthesis of work on cognitive interference, leading researchers, theorists, and clinicians from around the world confront a number of important questions about intrusive thoughts and suggest a challenging agenda for the future.
Download or read book Worrying written by Graham C. Davey and published by . This book was released on 1994-05-31 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributions in this comprehensive volume represent research conducted over the past 10 years. Practical and clinically relevant developments; several measurement instruments for the assessment of worry at all points along the developmental continuum; specific management and treatment strategies including a particularly useful tactic for modifying pessimism in worriers are among the issues discussed.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Cognition and Emotion by : Tim Dalgleish
Download or read book Handbook of Cognition and Emotion written by Tim Dalgleish and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000-11-21 with total page 866 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by leading figures in the field, this handbook gives an overview of the current status of cognition and emotion research by giving the historical background to the debate and the philosophical arguments before moving on to outline the general aspects of the various research traditions. This handbook reflects the latest work being carried out by the key people in the field.
Author :Sandra L. Christenson Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1461420180 Total Pages :839 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (614 download)
Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Student Engagement by : Sandra L. Christenson
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Student Engagement written by Sandra L. Christenson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page 839 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than two decades, the concept of student engagement has grown from simple attention in class to a construct comprised of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral components that embody and further develop motivation for learning. Similarly, the goals of student engagement have evolved from dropout prevention to improved outcomes for lifelong learning. This robust expansion has led to numerous lines of research across disciplines and are brought together clearly and comprehensively in the Handbook of Research on Student Engagement. The Handbook guides readers through the field’s rich history, sorts out its component constructs, and identifies knowledge gaps to be filled by future research. Grounding data in real-world learning situations, contributors analyze indicators and facilitators of student engagement, link engagement to motivation, and gauge the impact of family, peers, and teachers on engagement in elementary and secondary grades. Findings on the effectiveness of classroom interventions are discussed in detail. And because assessing engagement is still a relatively new endeavor, chapters on measurement methods and issues round out this important resource. Topical areas addressed in the Handbook include: Engagement across developmental stages. Self-efficacy in the engaged learner. Parental and social influences on engagement and achievement motivation. The engaging nature of teaching for competency development. The relationship between engagement and high-risk behavior in adolescents. Comparing methods for measuring student engagement. An essential guide to the expanding knowledge base, the Handbook of Research on Student Engagement serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scientist-practitioners, and graduate students in such varied fields as clinical child and school psychology, educational psychology, public health, teaching and teacher education, social work, and educational policy.
Book Synopsis New Perspectives on Affect and Learning Technologies by : Rafael A. Calvo
Download or read book New Perspectives on Affect and Learning Technologies written by Rafael A. Calvo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-15 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph integrates theoretical perspectives on affect and learning with recent research in affective computing with an emphasis on building new learning technologies. The "new perspectives" come from the intersection of several research themes: -Basic research on emotion, cognition, and motivation applied to learning environments -Pedagogical and motivational strategies that are sensitive to affective and cognitive processes -Multimodal Human Computer Interfaces, with a focus on affect recognition and synthesis -Recent advances in affect-sensitive Intelligent Tutoring Systems -Novel methodologies to investigate affect and learning -Neuroscience research on emotions and learning
Book Synopsis The Locus of the Stroop Effect by : Benjamin Andrew Parris
Download or read book The Locus of the Stroop Effect written by Benjamin Andrew Parris and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-21 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Understanding the Operation of Visual Working Memory in Rich Complex Visual Context by : Hagit Magen
Download or read book Understanding the Operation of Visual Working Memory in Rich Complex Visual Context written by Hagit Magen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Book Synopsis New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry by : John R. Geddes
Download or read book New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry written by John R. Geddes and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-25 with total page 1472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over its two editions, The New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry has come to be regarded as one of the most popular and trusted standard psychiatry texts among psychiatrists and trainees. Bringing together 146 chapters from the leading figures in the discipline, it presents a comprehensive account of clinical psychiatry, with reference to its scientific basis and to the patient's perspective throughout. The New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, Third Edition has been extensively re-structured and streamlined to keep pace with the significant developments that have taken place in the fields of clinical psychiatry and neuroscience since publication of the second edition in 2009. The new edition has been updated throughout to include the most recent versions of the two main classification systems—-the DSM-5 and the ICD-11—-used throughout the world for the diagnosis of mental disorders. In the years since publication of the first edition, many new and exciting discoveries have occurred in the biological sciences, which are having a major impact on how we study and practise psychiatry. In addition, psychiatry has fostered closer ties with philosophy, and these are leading to healthy discussions about how we should diagnose and treat mental illness. This new edition recognises these and other developments. Throughout, accounts of clinical practice are linked to the underlying science, and to the evidence for the efficacy of treatments. Physical and psychological treatments, including psychodynamic approaches, are covered in depth. The history of psychiatry, ethics, public health aspects, and public attitudes to psychiatry and to patients are all given due attention.
