Interaction Of Fracturing Fluids With Shales

Download Interaction Of Fracturing Fluids With Shales full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Interaction Of Fracturing Fluids With Shales ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Interaction of Fracturing Fluids with Shales

Author : Ekrem Alagoz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (127 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Interaction of Fracturing Fluids with Shales by : Ekrem Alagoz

Download or read book Interaction of Fracturing Fluids with Shales written by Ekrem Alagoz and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In petroleum engineering, hydraulic fracturing has been developed to mitigate the crucial problem of the world's dwindling oil supplies. Thanks to hydraulic fracturing, engineers can create new artificial apertures with pressurized fluids. The process includes the high-pressure injection of a fracking fluid, which is basically water and proppants. Hydrocarbons will flow more freely after the flow back of water. Once the pumping of fracturing fluid is stopped, created fractures begin to close, as the stress increases. This has become a critical issue because closing these fractures results in a rapid decline in productivity of the well. The primary reason for proppant usage is to settle between fracture apertures and prop them open in order to increase oil and gas productivity. Proppant embedment is a crucial problem that causes many fractures to fail over time. Fractured well productivity can be dramatically reduced by severe proppant embedment due to a reduction in fracture aperture. Accordingly, understanding the proppant embedment phenomena is essential for hydraulic fracturing treatments. In this thesis, the mechanisms of proppant embedment have been investigated by quantifying the stress-dependent deformations (elastic and plastic) as well as the time-dependent deformation (creep). A set of constitutive equations were developed to account for elastic, plastic, and creep deformation during proppant embedment. Two new experimental apparatuses have been built and used to quantify the shale rock proppant deformation behavior (elastic, plastic, and creep) after exposure to various fracture fluid additives such as surfactants and clay stabilizers. Results show that proppant embedment primarily occurs due to plastic deformation followed by time-dependent creep deformation, while elastic deformation is small. The impact of different fracturing fluids and rock mineralogy on proppant embedment were also studied. Our results show that fluid chemistry substantially affects the amount of plastic deformation and creep. For example, KCI with a Clay Inhibitor was quite successful in reducing the proppant embedment. Shales with high clay-content embedded proppant at lower stresses and showed more plastic deformation. The test results show that 15% more clay-content shale samples experienced almost 50% more deformation. Chemical treatments fostered the best improvements or degradations in high clay-content shales

Secondary Interaction of Fracturing Fluid and Shale Plays

Author : Reza Keshavarzi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Secondary Interaction of Fracturing Fluid and Shale Plays by : Reza Keshavarzi

Download or read book Secondary Interaction of Fracturing Fluid and Shale Plays written by Reza Keshavarzi and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During hydraulic fracturing in unconventional tight formations a high percentage of the injected fluid may remain in the formation and only a small portion of the fracturing fluid is typically recovered. Although spontaneous imbibition is mainly introduced as the main dominating mechanism, a clear understanding of the fundamental mechanisms through which the fracturing fluid would interact with the formation remains a challenge. The impact of these mechanisms on rock property changes is even more challenging but is important to account for post-fracturing reservoir characterization. In this study, an integrated analytical-experimental-numerical approach was adopted to study these issues using a case study within the Montney Formation in Farrell Creek field in northeast British Columbia. The results of experiments on Montney samples from different depths revealed that because of spontaneous water imbibition, the geomechanical properties of the samples were altered. Also, small scale heterogeneity in tight gas formations and shale results in these property changes occurring at various scales, such as beds. Property changes occurring along the beds and bedding planes, as a result of interaction with hydraulic fracturing fluid, can contribute to increased potential for shear failure along these planes. Therefore, a systematic micro-scale analysis (including micro-indentation and micro-scratch along the beds to capture micro-geomechanical responses) and macro-scale analysis (including ultrasonic measurements, uniaxial compressive loading in high and low capillary suctions and unloading-reloading cycles at varying capillary suction) have been developed and applied to capture the changes in rock behavior in different scales as a result of spontaneous water imbibition and how different behaviors in micro-scale would affect the responses in macro-scale. QEMSCAN analysis, nitrogen adsorption-desorption tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), capillary condensation experiments, pressure-decay and pulse-decay permeability measurements and direct shear tests were also completed for quantitative analysis of minerals, pore shapes and porosity, initial water saturation, capillary suction as a function of water saturation, permeability and strength parameters in both macro-scale and micro-scale (bed-scale). QEMSCAN analysis indicated that mineral components were not the same in different beds and they could be categorized into quartz-rich and clay-rich. The results of the experimental phase indicated that the geomechanical and flow properties of Montney specimens were altered due to fluid imbibition. As the water saturation and capillary suction were changing in quartz-rich and clay-rich beds, they responded differently which would trigger some geomechanical behaviors in macro scale. In addition, it was observed that capillary suction would add extra stiffness and strength to the media and as it was diminishing, the media became weaker. A nonlinear response with hysteresis during unloading-reloading cycles at varying capillary suction implied that as a result of the water softening effect, the reduction in capillary suction and changing the local effective stress there is a high possibility of activation and propagation of pre-existing micro fractures. In the numerical modeling phase of this research, fully coupled poro-elastoplastic partially saturated models were developed that included transversely isotropic matrix properties and bed-scale geometry. Inclusion of bed-scale features in the numerical approach provided better analysis options since different properties of the adjacent beds (including different capillary suction change) that can trigger the failure in the planes of weakness (such as the interface between the beds) can be directly included in the model while it is not possible to have that in transversely isotropic numerical modeling. This implies that conventional numerical analysis of geomechanical responses originated from spontaneous imbibition needs to be revisited. Beds-included numerical analyses indicated that since the changes in local effective stress and rock mechanical properties were not the same in adjacent quartz-rich and clay-rich beds, differential volumetric strain along the interfaces between quartz-rich and clay-rich beds would take place which in turn generated induced shear stress components on the interface planes. For the interfaces where total shear stress along them exceeded the shear strength, failure occurred. Comparing the result of micro-geomechanical (bed scale) and macro-geomechanical analysis with the results of numerical modeling at reservoir in-situ conditions would suggest that as a result of post-fracturing spontaneous water imbibition in the studied Montney Formation, the failures/micro fractures would be generated along the interfaces. Then because of the propagation of activated pre-existing micro fractures in the adjacent beds followed by coalescence with the failed interfaces, a complex micro fracture network can be formed. Accordingly, rock mass geomechanical responses and flow properties would be affected which means that any numerical modeling or analytical approach to account for the production, refracturing and any other reservoir-related analysis without considering this fact is under question mark.

The Interaction of Shale/fracture/fluid and Their Influence on Production from an Unconventional Tight Oil Reservoir

$Download The Interaction of Shale/fracture/fluid and Their Influence on Production from an Unconventional Tight Oil Reservoir PDF Online Free$

Author : Caleb Conrad
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (894 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Interaction of Shale/fracture/fluid and Their Influence on Production from an Unconventional Tight Oil Reservoir by : Caleb Conrad

Download or read book The Interaction of Shale/fracture/fluid and Their Influence on Production from an Unconventional Tight Oil Reservoir written by Caleb Conrad and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interaction of shale/fracture/fluid interactions and the resulting geomechanical behavior of shale oil unconventional reservoirs is becoming of greater interest as the impact of pressure dependent fracture conductivity is better understood. As more operators develop these resources the diversity in the constituents of the shale and the presence of water-sensitive clays require different approach to yield better EUR results. These efficiency gains are more than just placing proppant and identifying the best acreage with good natural fracture systems. By controlling clay/fluid interactions it is possible to improve pressure dependent fracture conductivity response and improve EUR. The focus of this paper is to investigate stress dependent fracture conductivity, shale/fracture/fluid interactions and the potential of more intelligent completions to improve EUR.

Emerging Technologies in Hydraulic Fracturing and Gas Flow Modelling

Author : Kenneth Imo-Imo Israel Eshiet
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1839684666
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (396 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Emerging Technologies in Hydraulic Fracturing and Gas Flow Modelling by : Kenneth Imo-Imo Israel Eshiet

Download or read book Emerging Technologies in Hydraulic Fracturing and Gas Flow Modelling written by Kenneth Imo-Imo Israel Eshiet and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-11-02 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging Technologies in Hydraulic Fracturing and Gas Flow Modelling features the latest strategies for exploiting depleted and unconventional petroleum rock formations as well as simulating associated gas flow mechanisms. The book covers a broad range of multivarious stimulation methods currently applied in practice. It introduces new stimulation techniques including a comprehensive description of interactions between formation/hydraulic fracturing fluids and the host rock material. It provides further insight into practices aimed at advancing the operation of hydrocarbon reservoirs and can be used either as a standalone resource or in combination with other related literature. The book can serve as a propaedeutic resource and is appropriate for those seeking rudimentary information on the exploitation of ultra-impermeable oil and gas reservoirs. Professionals and researchers in the field of petroleum, civil, oil and gas, geotechnical and geological engineering who are interested in the production of unconventional petroleum resources as well as students undertaking studies in similar subject areas will find this to be an instructional reference.

Interactions of Organic-rich Shale with Water-based Fluids

Author : Junhao Zhou
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (923 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Interactions of Organic-rich Shale with Water-based Fluids by : Junhao Zhou

Download or read book Interactions of Organic-rich Shale with Water-based Fluids written by Junhao Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The success of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing has enabled the economic production of hydrocarbons from shale formations. However, wellbore instability and proppant embedment remain two major concerns during drilling and completion of wellbores in unconventional shale reservoirs. Both issues are largely controlled by shale-fluid interactions. Understanding the interactions of organic-rich shale with water-based fluids is the first step towards selecting appropriate drilling and fracturing fluids. The main objective of this study is to investigate the interactions of organic-rich shale with various water-based fluids. A series of measurements were performed to determine shale mineralogy, native water activity, fluid content, pore size distribution, Brinell hardness, Young's modulus, P-wave and S-wave velocities. It was shown that XRD and XRF yield consistent shale mineralogy, allowing us to make rapid determinations of shale mineralogy. Large variations in mineralogy were observed with shale samples from different formations. Even samples from the same well and at adjacent depths exhibited very different mineralogical makeup. The NMR T1/T2 ratio and T2 secular relaxation were used to distinguish pore fluids of different viscosity in pores of various sizes. A good correlation was established between the clay content and the amount of low-viscosity fluid in small pores, indicating that the water-saturated microporosity was in clay minerals. Combined N2GA and MICP measurements showed that a majority of the shale pores were found to be in the micropore to mesopore size range. Changes in shale mechanical properties were measured before and after shale samples came into contact with water-based fluids. The small degree of swelling and mechanical properties changes suggests that these organic-rich shales were only slightly sensitive to fluid exposure. Anisotropic swelling perpendicular and parallel to bedding planes could be due to the clay fabric anisotropy. The importance of using preserved shale samples was clearly demonstrated. Temperature and fluid pH were found to have significant impact on the reduction in shale mechanical stability after fluid exposure. Changes in both shale hardness and Young's modulus were observed with fluid exposure. Shales with higher clay content tend to experience greater reduction in modulus and hardness after contact with water-based fluids. A comparison between the measured fracture permeability damage and the calculated fracture permeability damage due to proppant embedment alone reveals that proppant embedment caused by shale softening is only partially responsible for the decrease in fracture permeability. Other mechanisms such as fines mobilization may be the dominant factors controlling fracture conductivity damage. Together these measurements allow us to rapidly screen drilling and fracturing fluids that are compatible with a particular shale by studying changes in shale mechanical properties before and after contact with water-based fluids. Potentially troublesome shales can be identified and possible solutions can also be evaluated using this measurement procedure.

Measurement of Fluid Properties in Organic-rich Shales

Author : Chang Min Jung
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (95 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Measurement of Fluid Properties in Organic-rich Shales by : Chang Min Jung

Download or read book Measurement of Fluid Properties in Organic-rich Shales written by Chang Min Jung and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objective of this study is to develop and improve water-based drilling fluids and fracturing fluids for organic rich shale reservoirs by using nanoparticles and to gain fundamental insight into water and oil flow in shales. This dissertation presents results for several shale formations in the US, namely the Barnett shale, the Eagle Ford shale, the Utica shale, and the Bakken shale. The research discussed here presents new methods for studying the interaction between various fluids and organic-rich shale and the development of proper methods to measure apparent and relative permeability of shale. First of all, we show how the petrophysical properties of shales are changed when they are poorly preserved. Experiments were performed to measure important petrophysical properties such as porosity, density, weight change, hardness, wave velocity and permeability before and after shale samples dried-out. The large differences in shale properties between preserved and un-preserved samples as reported herein, clearly indicate that shales should be preserved at the well site and tested with a standard procedure ensuring minimum alteration of fluids from the shale. Failure to follow a standard procedure leads to measurements that do not reflect the "true" or in-situ properties of the shale. Instead, the measurements can be a factor of 2 or 3 different from the "true" value. The shale handling, preservation and measurement techniques and procedures presented here can be used as a standard protocol for studying organic rich shales. Next, we discuss how fracturing fluid can change the petrophysical properties of shale. Among the various petrophysical properties, the fluid permeability is chosen to determine the effect of the fracturing fluid on the shale. Experimental procedures are presented to suggest how to measure the shale permeability. To measure the fluid permeability, the Pressure Penetration Technique (PPT) was developed and used. The reference permeability with sea water brine was measured and then fracturing fluid was injected into the shale. The brine permeability was re-measured to see the effect of exposure to the fracturing fluid, and experimental data show the permeability change due to fracturing fluid plugging the shale. Next, we focus on the development of a Water Based Mud (WBM) system for organic-rich shale. Drilling through a shale formation can result in borehole instability problems, and this is known to add substantial costs to the operation. This is because conventional drilling fluids tend to interact with clay minerals in shales, and the mechanical properties of rock are changed by clay swelling. To reduce the interaction between water-based muds and shales, we need to reduce water invasion into the shale. The addition of nanoparticle additives to water-based drilling fluids can significantly reduce the invasion. We report results for shale permeability and pressure penetration though shales using different fluids: brine, base mud and nanoparticle based muds. To better define the effect of nanoparticles, we used different concentrations of nanoparticles in the mud. From the large reduction in permeability and the pressure response results, we clearly show that nanoparticles act as good shale inhibitors to ensure wellbore stability during drilling. Experimental studies used to measure the relative permeability of shale. Such measurements have never been done before. Due to the extremely low permeability of shale, it is very difficult to measure the relative permeability of shale directly. We propose a method of relative permeability measurement using NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy to measure fluid saturations and a RPC (relative permeability measurements under a confining pressure) set-up to conduct the displacement. RPC set-up is a newly developed forced injection set-up using the unsteady-state method. The in-situ fluid saturation was successfully measured with NMR, and the set-up was also useful for measuring the relative permeability of shale. It yielded continuous results from the Bakken shale tests

Fluid–Solid Interactions in Upstream Oil and Gas Applications

Author : Ibnelwaleed A. Hussein
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323992862
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Fluid–Solid Interactions in Upstream Oil and Gas Applications by : Ibnelwaleed A. Hussein

Download or read book Fluid–Solid Interactions in Upstream Oil and Gas Applications written by Ibnelwaleed A. Hussein and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-01-14 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluid-Solid Interactions in Upstream Oil and Gas Applications, Volume 78 delivers comprehensive understanding of fluid-rock interactions in oil and gas reservoirs and their impact on drilling, production, and reservoir hydrocarbon management. The book is arranged based on intervals of the oil and gas production process and introduces the basics of reservoir fluids and their properties, along with the rheological behavior of solid-fluid systems across all stages of the reservoir, including drilling processes, acidizing, and fracking. The reference then addresses different application-specific issues, such as solid-fluid interactions in tight reservoirs, the applications of nanoparticles, interactions during the EOR processes, and environmental concerns. Introduces the basics of reservoir fluids and their properties as well as the rheological behavior of solid-fluid systems Discusses the latest advances in molecular simulations and their reliability Highlights the environmental concerns regarding the application of fluid-solid systems

Geomechanics and Hydraulic Fracturing for Shale Reservoirs

Author : Yu Wang
Publisher : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. USA
ISBN 13 : 1618968963
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (189 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Geomechanics and Hydraulic Fracturing for Shale Reservoirs by : Yu Wang

Download or read book Geomechanics and Hydraulic Fracturing for Shale Reservoirs written by Yu Wang and published by Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. USA. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended as a reference book for advanced graduate students and research engineers in shale gas development or rock mechanical engineering. Globally, there is widespread interest in exploiting shale gas resources to meet rising energy demands, maintain energy security and stability in supply and reduce dependence on higher carbon sources of energy, namely coal and oil. However, extracting shale gas is a resource intensive process and is dependent on the geological and geomechanical characteristics of the source rocks, making the development of certain formations uneconomic using current technologies. Therefore, evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of shale, together with technological advancements, is critical in verifying the economic viability of such formation. Accurate geomechanical information about the rock and its variation through the shale is important since stresses along the wellbore can control fracture initiation and frac development. In addition, hydraulic fracturing has been widely employed to enhance the production of oil and gas from underground reservoirs. Hydraulic fracturing is a complex operation in which the fluid is pumped at a high pressure into a selected section of the wellbore. The interaction between the hydraulic fractures and natural fractures is the key to fracturing effectiveness prediction and high gas development. The development and growth of a hydraulic fracture through the natural fracture systems of shale is probably more complex than can be described here, but may be somewhat predictable if the fracture system and the development of stresses can be explained. As a result, comprehensive shale geomechanical experiments, physical modeling experiment and numerical investigations should be conducted to reveal the fracturing mechanical behaviors of shale.

Experimental Investigation of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid on Shale and Soil

Author : Zhenning Yang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (18 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid on Shale and Soil by : Zhenning Yang

Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid on Shale and Soil written by Zhenning Yang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitigation and prevention of shale-formation damage caused by hydraulic-fracturing fluid/rock interactions play an important role in well-production stability and subsequent refracturing design. This study presents three experimental investigations on the interaction of water/shale, fluid/clay, and fluid/shale. A series of experiments were designed to investigate fluid/shale interactions: hydrophilic to hydrophobic alteration through chemical-vapor deposition, nanoindentation testing on shale sample, geotechnical laboratory experiments on contaminated clay, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) on shale sample. A clay-matrix-based data-screening criterion is proposed for nanoindentation. The continuous-stiffness-measurment (CSM) method is proved to have better definition and characterization of softening of shale based on the proposed criterion. This study furthered the numerical model of clay deformation by Hattab and Chang (2015) by considering different pore fluid concentration. The fracturing fluid contaminated clay produced changes of geotechnical properties. Based on the proposed criterion and designed experiments, fracturing fluid contaminated shale was observed to gain 4 to 6% of NaCl. However, all other minerals contents are found to decrease after the shale powder-fluid interaction. A characteristic depth was proposed to consider reduction of hardness and mineral content at the same time. Moreover, an empirical equation was proposed to describe fracture toughness of shale by using a selection of indentation depth, its corresponding hardness and Young's modulus.

Rock-fluid Chemistry Impacts on Shale Hydraulic Fracture and Microfracture Growth

$Download Rock-fluid Chemistry Impacts on Shale Hydraulic Fracture and Microfracture Growth PDF Online Free$

Author : Aderonke Aderibigbe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (811 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Rock-fluid Chemistry Impacts on Shale Hydraulic Fracture and Microfracture Growth by : Aderonke Aderibigbe

Download or read book Rock-fluid Chemistry Impacts on Shale Hydraulic Fracture and Microfracture Growth written by Aderonke Aderibigbe and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of surface chemical effects in hydraulic fracturing of shale is studied using the results of unconfined compression tests and Brazilian tests on Mancos shale- cored at depths of 20-60 ft. The rock mineralogy, total organic carbon and cation exchange capacity were determined in order to characterize the shale. Adsorption tests to study the interaction of the shale and aqueous fluid mixture were also carried out using surface tension measurements. The uniaxial compressive strengths and tensile strengths of individual shale samples after four hours exposure to water, 2.85 x 10^-3 M cationic surfactant (dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide-DTAB) and 2.81 x 10^-3 M anionic surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate-SDBS) were analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni tests. These mechanical strengths were largely reduced on exposure to the aqueous environments studied, despite the relatively low clay and low swelling clay content of the Mancos shale. Further comparison of the uniaxial compressive strengths and tensile strengths of the shale on exposure to water, to the strengths when exposed to the surfactant solutions showed that their difference was not statistically significant indicating that exposure to water had the greatest effect on strength loss. The surface tension measurement of 2.85 x 10^-4 M DTAB and 2.81 x 10^-4 M SDBS solutions before and after equilibration with shale showed about 80% increase in surface tension in the DTAB solution and 10% increase in surface tension in the SDBS solution. The probable sorption mechanism is electrostatic attraction with negatively charged sites of the shale as shown by significant loss of the cationic surfactant (DTAB) to the shale surface, and the relatively minor adsorption capacity of the anionic surfactant (SDBS). Although these adsorption tests indicate interaction between the shale and surfactant solutions, within the number of tests carried out and the surfactant concentration used, the interaction does not translate into a significant statistical difference for impacts of surfactants on mechanical strength of this shale compared to the impact of water alone. The relevance of this work is to facilitate the understanding of how the strength of rock can be reduced by the composition of hydraulic fracturing fluids, to achieve improved fracture performance and higher recovery of natural gas from shale reservoirs.

Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids

Author : Johannes Fink
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0123838452
Total Pages : 809 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids by : Johannes Fink

Download or read book Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids written by Johannes Fink and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2011-05-13 with total page 809 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids is a comprehensive manual that provides end users with information about oil field chemicals, such as drilling muds, corrosion and scale inhibitors, gelling agents and bacterial control. This book is an extension and update of Oil Field Chemicals published in 2003, and it presents a compilation of materials from literature and patents, arranged according to applications and the way a typical job is practiced. The text is composed of 23 chapters that cover oil field chemicals arranged according to their use. Each chapter follows a uniform template, starting with a brief overview of the chemical followed by reviews, monomers, polymerization, and fabrication. The different aspects of application, including safety and environmental impacts, for each chemical are also discussed throughout the chapters. The text also includes handy indices for trade names, acronyms and chemicals. Petroleum, production, drilling, completion, and operations engineers and managers will find this book invaluable for project management and production. Non-experts and students in petroleum engineering will also find this reference useful. Chemicals are ordered by use including drilling muds, corrosion inhibitors, and bacteria control Includes cutting edge chemicals and polymers such as water soluble polymers and viscosity control Handy index of chemical substances as well as a general chemical index

Fundamentals of Gas Shale Reservoirs

Author : Reza Rezaee
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119039266
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Gas Shale Reservoirs by : Reza Rezaee

Download or read book Fundamentals of Gas Shale Reservoirs written by Reza Rezaee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides comprehensive information about the key exploration, development and optimization concepts required for gas shale reservoirs Includes statistics about gas shale resources and countries that have shale gas potential Addresses the challenges that oil and gas industries may confront for gas shale reservoir exploration and development Introduces petrophysical analysis, rock physics, geomechanics and passive seismic methods for gas shale plays Details shale gas environmental issues and challenges, economic consideration for gas shale reservoirs Includes case studies of major producing gas shale formations

The Role of Shale Kerogen -- Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid Interactions in Hydrocarbon Transport and Contaminant Release

Author : Megan Kathleen Dustin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Role of Shale Kerogen -- Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid Interactions in Hydrocarbon Transport and Contaminant Release by : Megan Kathleen Dustin

Download or read book The Role of Shale Kerogen -- Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid Interactions in Hydrocarbon Transport and Contaminant Release written by Megan Kathleen Dustin and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Interaction of Fracture Fluid with Formation Rock and Proppant on Fracture Fluid Cleanup and Long Term Gas Recovery in Marcellus Shale Reserviors

Download Interaction of Fracture Fluid with Formation Rock and Proppant on Fracture Fluid Cleanup and Long Term Gas Recovery in Marcellus Shale Reserviors PDF Online Free

Author : Wenting Yue
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (843 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Interaction of Fracture Fluid with Formation Rock and Proppant on Fracture Fluid Cleanup and Long Term Gas Recovery in Marcellus Shale Reserviors by : Wenting Yue

Download or read book Interaction of Fracture Fluid with Formation Rock and Proppant on Fracture Fluid Cleanup and Long Term Gas Recovery in Marcellus Shale Reserviors written by Wenting Yue and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Unpropped Fractures in Shale

Author : Weiwei Wu (Ph. D.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Unpropped Fractures in Shale by : Weiwei Wu (Ph. D.)

Download or read book Unpropped Fractures in Shale written by Weiwei Wu (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large proportion of the hydraulic fractures created during a hydraulic fracturing treatment remain unpropped after hydraulic fracturing despite the significant quantities of proppant injected in the process. These fractures either have a fracture width smaller than the size of the proppants, or are too far away from the wellbore where proppant cannot reach. Their presence has been demonstrated and corroborated by multiple independent sources of evidence such as flowback, production and microseismic data. These unpropped fractures present a huge potential for production enhancement, since they possess a very large contact area with the reservoir. Unfortunately, this potential flow area is closed by the closure stress during production. Without the presence of proppants, unpropped fractures are expected to behave differently from propped fractures. In this study, fracture conductivities of unpropped fractures in shales are measured with preserved Eagle Ford and Utica shale cores to better understand their closure behavior, in particular those after exposure to fracturing fluids. The unpropped fractures exhibit fracture conductivities 2 to 4 orders of magnitude lower than those of propped fractures, and are more sensitive to closure stress. Plastic deformation is found to dominate the closure process, and strong hysteresis occurs in unpropped fracture conductivity with a 70-80% reduction after a loading-unloading cycle of closure stress. Exposure to water-based fracturing fluids reduces unpropped fracture conductivity by shale softening or fines production. Unpropped fracture conductivities also appear to be sensitive to shale mineralogy, which affects the shale mechanical properties and shale-fluid interaction. A numerical model is developed to simulate the closure of unpropped and natural fractures, and to compute their corresponding fracture conductivity. A conjugate gradient algorithm and fast Fourier transform technique are incorporated to dramatically enhance the computation efficiency. Plastic deformation and deformation interaction among asperities, ignored in some previous models, are considered and shown to play an important role in the closure process. The model is validated against analytical solutions and experiments, for both elastic-only and elastoplastic scenarios. The compliance of unpropped fractures is demonstrated to be sensitive to the roughness and hardness of fracture surfaces, while less affected by Young's modulus. The new model is also capable of simulating closure of heterogeneous fracture surfaces. More plastic deformation and lower fracture conductivity is measured when surfaces with high clay content are used. Given the same mineralogy, the mineral distribution pattern shows a smaller impact on the closure behavior. The possibility of employing acid fracturing to stimulate unpropped fractures is also explored. The acid-etched topography of shale fracture surfaces is found to be dependent on both the content and distribution of the carbonate minerals. Shales with a high carbonate content (over 60 wt%) generally tend to develop rougher acid-etched surfaces. However, more carbonate content does not always necessarily lead to increased etched roughness. High etched roughness is more likely developed from a blocky, rather than scattered, distribution of carbonate minerals. A new experimental method, the "half-core approach", is formulated to address the challenge caused by shale heterogeneity in experimentally evaluating and comparing fracture performance. The half-core approach splits one shale core into two half cores, which are then subjected to treatments of interest independently, followed by assemblage into individual full cores with a spacer for fracture conductivity measurement. The half-core approach is effective in creating a baseline with reduced sample variation among shales to improve evaluation of fracturing fluids. Similar mineralogy and mechanical properties are found between half-cores among preserved shale samples spanning a wide range of mineralogy from Barnett, Eagle Ford, Haynesville and Utica shales. By applying the half-core approach, acid fracturing is systematically benchmarked against brine with Eagle Ford shales categorized into low (below 40 wt%), medium (40-70 wt%) and high (over 70 wt%) carbonate content. Compared to brine exposure, non-uniform acid fracturing enhances unpropped fracture conductivities for shales for a wide range of carbonate contents, while uniform acid fracturing generally leads to lower fracture conductivities due to shale softening. The unetched zone in non-uniform etching reduces shale softening and creates a surface topography that enhances fracture flow. Channels are more likely to form in carbonate-rich shale (over 70 wt%). Development of channels substantially increases the unpropped fracture conductivity, and reduces the hysteresis of unpropped fracture conductivities to closure stress. The presence of carbonate veins is found to promote the development of non-uniform etching

Hydraulic Fracturing and Rock Mechanics

Author : Yu Zhao
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819925401
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Hydraulic Fracturing and Rock Mechanics by : Yu Zhao

Download or read book Hydraulic Fracturing and Rock Mechanics written by Yu Zhao and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-21 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book is the first to consider the effect of non-uniform fluid pressure in hydraulic fractures. The book covers the key topics in the process of hydraulic fracture nucleation, growth, interaction and fracture network formation. Laboratory experiments and theoretical modeling are combined to elucidate the formation mechanism of complex fracture networks. This book is suitable for master’s/Ph.D. students, scientists and engineers majoring in rock mechanics and petroleum engineering who need to use a more reliable model to predict fracture behavior.

NMR Logging Principles and Applications

Author : George R. Coates
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis NMR Logging Principles and Applications by : George R. Coates

Download or read book NMR Logging Principles and Applications written by George R. Coates and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dick Cheney, former Halliburton CEO, writes in the foreword: "NMR logging represents a new revolution in formation evaluation with wireline logging, and this book gives a comprehensive treatment of this new technology...Besides explaining basic NMR principles and applications, this book provides an understanding of these latest achievements in NMR logging." When NUMAR introduced its MRIL logging service in 1992, it caused a revolution in the petroleum industry by making possible the systematic estmation of permeability, prevously an impossibility. Permeability, however, was not the only petrophysical benefit provided by this new technology. Mineral-independent total porosity, water, gas and oil saturation, and oil viscosity have all been found achievable through the use of this revolutionary new logging technology. Introduces revolutionary new well logging technology Developed by Halliburton, one of the premier well servicing companies in the world Shows how to incorporate this new technology into other well logging principles