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Institutional Investors And Hedge Fund Activism
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Book Synopsis Institutional Investor Activism by : William Bratton
Download or read book Institutional Investor Activism written by William Bratton and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2015-08-20 with total page 924 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past two decades has witnessed unprecedented changes in the corporate governance landscape in Europe, the US and Asia. Across many countries, activist investors have pursued engagements with management of target companies. More recently, the role of the hostile activist shareholder has been taken up by a set of hedge funds. Hedge fund activism is characterized by mergers and corporate restructuring, replacement of management and board members, proxy voting, and lobbying of management. These investors target and research companies, take large positions in `their stock, criticize their business plans and governance practices, and confront their managers, demanding action enhancing shareholder value. This book analyses the impact of activists on the companies that they invest, the effects on shareholders and on activists funds themselves. Chapters examine such topic as investors' strategic approaches, the financial returns they produce, and the regulatory frameworks within which they operate. The chapters also provide historical context, both of activist investment and institutional shareholder passivity. The volume facilitates a comparison between the US and the EU, juxtaposing not only regulatory patterns but investment styles.
Download or read book Hedge Fund Activism written by Alon Brav and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2010 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hedge Fund Activism begins with a brief outline of the research literature and describes datasets on hedge fund activism.
Book Synopsis Hedge Fund Activism in Japan by : John Buchanan
Download or read book Hedge Fund Activism in Japan written by John Buchanan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-24 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charts the rise and fall of confrontational hedge fund activism in Japan.
Book Synopsis Extreme Value Hedging by : Ronald D. Orol
Download or read book Extreme Value Hedging written by Ronald D. Orol and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-01-18 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activist hedge fund managers represent a small part of the $1.5 trillion hedge fund industry, but their approach is causing a stir among traditional managers and the investment community because they are shaking up the corporate establishment and making money for their investors. These types of managers are here to stay and Extreme Value Hedging tells the story of their rise to power in the U.S. and how they are spreading their influential gospel around the globe to places like China, Ukraine, South Korea and Sweden. Author Ronald D. Orol has a unique understanding of this world and through this book he shares his unparalleled insights in an easy to comprehend manner. He discusses everything from activist investor efforts to breakup the clubby insider world of corporate boardrooms to their deal-making or breaking pressure tactics and courtroom battles. Orol skillfully makes his case for each subject by offering revelations and examples from insiders like Ralph Whitworth, (Relational Investors), Guy Wyser-Pratte, (Wyser-Pratte Management), Mark Schwarz, (Newcastle Capital Group LLC), Robert Chapman (Chapman Capital), Phillip Goldstein (Opportunity Partners), Jeffrey Ubben (ValueAct Capital), Jeffrey M. Solomon (Ramius Capital Group LLC), Michael Van Biema (Van Biema Value Partners), Eric Rosenfeld (Crescendo Partners), Lars Förberg (Cevian Capital) and Emanuel Pearlman (Liberation Investment Group), among many, many others.
Book Synopsis Shareholder Activism by Hedge Funds: Motivations and Market's Perceptions of Hedge Fund Interventions by : Mihaela Butu
Download or read book Shareholder Activism by Hedge Funds: Motivations and Market's Perceptions of Hedge Fund Interventions written by Mihaela Butu and published by Diplomica Verlag. This book was released on 2013 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, hedge funds' successful interventions in some large public companies have revealed their critical role in the corporate governance landscape in the United States and Europe. Due to public opinion, this new form of shareholder activism is accompanied by much polemic. This study examines the nature of hedge fund activism, the types of them, and the market’s perception of interventions in the United States. Starting with a distinction between shareholder activism by traditional institutions, and activism performed by hedge funds, the study elucidates why the latter may be more effective in monitoring management, and reduce agency costs. Analysing the Schedules 13D filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, the study provides a classification of activists’ demands into ten distinct categories, arguing that hostile forms of activism are not central for hedge funds, and some more aggressive types of activism are possibly used as a negotiating tool to achieve the activist’s agenda. Using the event study methodology, the author estimates the stock returns around the announcement date. For a better understanding of hedge fund activism, and their demands on target companies, the reader will find two original Schedule 13D filings accompanied by letters to the management. Finally, the paper concludes on a view of the subject through the prism of the 2007/ 2008 financial crisis, outlining some trends in the aftermath of the financial market turmoil.
Book Synopsis Institutional Investors and Hedge Fund Activism by : Simi Kedia
Download or read book Institutional Investors and Hedge Fund Activism written by Simi Kedia and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hedge fund activists have ambiguous relationships with the institutional shareholders in their target firms. While some support their activities, others counter their actions. Due to their relatively small holdings in target firms, the activists typically need the cooperation of other institutional shareholders that are willing to influence the activist's campaign success. We find the presence of “activism-friendly” institutions as owners is associated with an increased probability of being a target, higher long-term stock returns, and higher operating performance. Overall, we provide evidence suggesting the composition of a firm's ownership has significant effects on hedge fund activists' decisions and outcomes.
Book Synopsis Institutional Activism in Corporate Governance by : Wenge Wang
Download or read book Institutional Activism in Corporate Governance written by Wenge Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-22 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using both qualitative and quantitative methods, this book examines whether qualified foreign institutional investors (QFIIs), through their shareholder activism, have a meaningful positive impact on the corporate governance of firms listed on the mainland Chinese stock market. Capital flows into and out of China are still subject to tight controls, and the QFII scheme is one important avenue through which QFIIs can become invested in the Chinese stock market. This book is an invaluable resource for anyone interested in learning about ways to invest in one of the world’s largest economies. Wang discusses in depth what specific opportunities, challenges and restrictions to expect in the process, and how investing in China differs from investing in countries with a more open capital account.
Book Synopsis Friends Or Foes? Activist Hedge Funds and Other Institutional Investors by : Andrew Glen Carrothers
Download or read book Friends Or Foes? Activist Hedge Funds and Other Institutional Investors written by Andrew Glen Carrothers and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hedge funds are more likely to target firms with high levels of institutional ownership and demonstrate a preference for short-term focused institutional investors. Hedge fund activism generates short run and long run abnormal returns without increasing stock return volatility. Regardless of investment horizon, volatility is inversely related to prior period institutional ownership. The trading behavior of institutional owners with different investment horizons is consistent with hedge fund activism creating value. These findings hold regardless of whether investment horizon is based on portfolio churn rate or type of institution. Overall, the results suggest a mutually beneficial relationship between activist hedge funds and other institutional investors.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Hedge Funds by : Douglas Cumming
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Hedge Funds written by Douglas Cumming and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a comprehensive look at the hedge fund industry from a global perspective.
Book Synopsis Institutional Investors and Hedge Fund Activism by : Yazhou He
Download or read book Institutional Investors and Hedge Fund Activism written by Yazhou He and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Foundations and Anatomy of Shareholder Activism by : Iris H-Y Chiu
Download or read book The Foundations and Anatomy of Shareholder Activism written by Iris H-Y Chiu and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10-12 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Foundations and Anatomy of Shareholder Activism examines the landscape of contemporary shareholder activism in the UK. The book focuses on minority shareholder activism in publicly listed companies. It argues that contemporary shareholder activism in the UK is dominated by two groups; one, the institutional shareholders whose shareholder activism is largely seen as a driving force for good corporate governance, and two, the hedge funds whose shareholder activism is based on value extraction and exit. The book provides a detailed examination of both types of shareholder activism, and discusses critically the nature of, motivations for and consequences following both types of shareholder activism. The book then locates both types of shareholder activism in the theory of the company and the fabric of company law, and argues that institutional shareholder activism based on exercising a voice at general meetings is well supported in theory and law. The call for institutions to engage in more informal forms of activism in the name of 'stewardship' may bring about challenges to the current patterns of activism that institutions engage in. The book argues, however, that a more cautious view of hedge fund activism and the pattern of value extraction and exit should be taken. More empirical evidence is likely to be necessary, however, to weigh up the long terms benefits and costs of hedge fund activism.
Book Synopsis The Wolf at the Door by : John C. Coffee
Download or read book The Wolf at the Door written by John C. Coffee and published by . This book was released on 2016-02-10 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wolf at the Door: The Impact of Hedge Fund Activism on Corporate Governance has three basic aims: to understand and explain the factors that have caused an explosion in hedge fund activism; to examine the impact of this activism; and to survey and evaluate possible legal interventions with an emphasis on the least restrictive alternative.
Book Synopsis Does Hedge Fund 'Activism' Create Long Term Shareholder Value? by : Yvan Allaire
Download or read book Does Hedge Fund 'Activism' Create Long Term Shareholder Value? written by Yvan Allaire and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The presentation is following the publication of two papers by the Institute for Governance of Private and Public Organizations answering the question “Does hedge fund activism create long-term shareholder value?” In the presentation, the question is rephrased to consider whether activist hedge funds are making corporations better for all stakeholders. Thus, a definition of corporate short-termism is provided, and evidence and causes of short-termism are explored. The “soft” activism of institutional investors and the “hard” activism of hedge funds are contrasted. The impact of hedge fund activism is set forth, and a critical review of academic studies purporting to demonstrate the favorable long term effects is presented. Finally, different measures to curtail the influence of these activists are explored.
Book Synopsis Corporate Governance and the New Hedge Fund Activism by : Thomas W. Briggs
Download or read book Corporate Governance and the New Hedge Fund Activism written by Thomas W. Briggs and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hedge funds are not quot;normalquot; institutional investors. They launch proxy fights for corporate control. Their recent successes and quot;wolf packquot; tactics have garnered headlines, but leave us with a question: what does hedge fund activism mean for corporate governance in the United States? This Article undertakes a legal, empirical, and theoretical study in an effort to answer this question. The heart of the Article is an empirical study of obtainable instances of hedge fund activism during 2005 and the 2006 proxy season. The Article starts by showing that the SEC opened the door to hedge fund activism when it stopped censoring most proxy material in 1992 and started allowing proxy quot;free communicationquot; in 2000. The Article's empirical survey found over 50 instances of hedge fund activism, and also found the in terrorem effect of these examples to be considerable. The survey further found that the combination of quot;wolf packquot; tactics and the increasing influence of activist proxy advisory firms (the recommendations of which many institutional investors follow automatically) have made hedge fund activists a real power in corporate governance. Despite some claims that hedge funds often hold short positions or are otherwise dangerously conflicted, the survey found very limited evidence for this; the survey also found that hedge funds have, in fact, disclosed these conflicts, though the proxy and Williams Act rules in this respect should be clarified. The Article then subjects these results to theoretical analysis using current nexus of contracts, shareholder primacy, director primacy, team production, connected contracts, and other theories, and finds none completely satisfactory. The Article concludes that an almost unprincipled balance-of-power political model best explains the hedge fund activism phenomenon. In the end, if these activities cause managements to review and reassess their strategies, corporate governance is improved.
Book Synopsis Essays on Hedge Fund Activism by : Xianjue Wang
Download or read book Essays on Hedge Fund Activism written by Xianjue Wang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first essay focuses on detailed activities in hedge fund activism targets. We perform a textual analysis of 8-Ks filed by 693 firms targeted by hedge fund activists over the 2005 to 2012 period to document the comprehensive material changes that these firms undergo after being targeted. We benchmark the changes in the year after the 13D filing to those in the year prior to 13D filing, and then control for changes over the same period in propensity score matched firms. The difference-in-differences results suggest that targets of hedge fund activism that are not acquired experience significantly higher incidence of CEO appointments and director arrivals that are both associated with higher shareholder value. The evidence also suggests that some changes that activists request like repurchases, sale of assets and bylaw changes though more frequent are not associated with any value gains. The evidence complements prior work by showing that activists potentially create value through governance changes along with pressurizing the target to sell itself. The second essay investigates the role of institutional investors in hedge fund activism. Hedge funds activists do not usually hold a large stake in the target firm. Institutional owners by their support or lack thereof can have a significant impact on the success of the activist's campaign. We develop three measures of institutional ownership that is likely to be supportive of activism. Over the period 2004 to 2012 we find that high pre event activism friendly institutional ownership is associated with significantly higher short term and long term stock returns and operating performance of the target firm. Pre event ownership by activism friendly institutions also significantly increases the likelihood of being targeted by hedge fund activists. The paper is one of the first to document that composition of institutional ownership has a significant impact on the likelihood of and value created from hedge fund activism.
Book Synopsis Dissatisfied Investors and Hedge Fund Activism by : Yazhou He
Download or read book Dissatisfied Investors and Hedge Fund Activism written by Yazhou He and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper utilizes a rich literature on institutional investors' governance roles and develops simple measures of institutional discontent expressed through holding, trading and voice channels to predict hedge fund activism target selection. Discontent expressed through all three channels leads to subsequent targeting. Medium sized dissatisfied owners and sellers seem to be the main driving force and institutions' discretionary disagreement on management compensation and governance related proposals have the highest explanatory power. Activists are more likely to gain higher announcement returns and threaten to take hostile actions against management with more discontent institutional investors in the target companies. Discontent institutions are more likely to vote pro-activist in the annual meetings after campaigns.
Book Synopsis Three Essays in Hedge Fund Activism by : Marco Elia
Download or read book Three Essays in Hedge Fund Activism written by Marco Elia and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first essay, I apply behavioral finance theories to hypothesize one reason why hedge funds choose to engage in activism. Specifically, I predict that if hedge funds see the purchase price of their passive positions as a reference point, then, when they are suffering absolute losses, they are more likely to switch and become activists. I find results consistent with my prediction, even after controlling for the underperformance of the target firms. This study presents new evidence about what causes hedge fund activism. The behavioral finance literature has documented that retail investors, professional traders, and mutual funds are reluctant to realize their losses. I contribute to this literature by showing that a further effect of the loss is to cause activism. The second essay (with Naveen D. Daniel) examines the short-term incentives that activists are facing. The average announcement return to hedge fund activism is around 5%. Thus, activists that want to inflate their reported returns have incentives to initiate activism in target firms before the end of the reporting period. Our contribution is to document that activists engage in such opportunistic activism. Consistent with this, we find that activists are more likely to start their campaigns just before the end of the quarter. This heightened activity cannot be explained by increased news flow at the end of the quarter. In contrast to the typical positive market reaction to activist initiation, reaction to opportunistic activism is virtually zero. This is suggestive of activists initiating campaigns without completing their research on firms, which were potentially targeted for activism in the following quarter. The final essay (with Naveen D. Daniel) investigates how activists are able to be successful despite typically owning a stake of 6-7% in the target firms. We hypothesize that activists have incentives to (implicitly) coordinate with other institutional shareholders and to use this collective firepower to force target firms to change. Our contribution is to document that such coordination is pervasive and is mutually beneficial. In nearly two-thirds of the campaigns, there is coordination between the activist and institutional investors. Coordination is more likely in large firms where the activists would not have sufficient capital to build a large stake. Activist hedge funds that coordinate with other institutional shareholders are more successful in their activism as reflected in higher abnormal returns over the duration of the campaign. We attribute causation by instrumenting for coordination with the geographic proximity between the activist and the institutional investors.
